语法

要用weather因为你已经提到了极端天气，而weather就是天气的意思。我们来看下这2个词的区别：weather意为“天气”，指某特定地区在一定时间的气象情况。为不可数名词，不能在前面加不定冠词，如我们只能说in such fine weather , 而不能说in such a fine weather。如：The weather has changed. 天气变了。而climate意为“气候” 指一个地方一般比较长的时间的天气状况，如一季的天气状况。所以极端高温，暴雨，冰冻，洪水，这些都是短时间内发生的天气现象，所以用weather

in hospital:住院in a hospital 在一家医院工作/办事

1. Population data helps leaders andpolicy-makers to make informed decisions about policies and programmes toreduce poverty and hunger。Solid data is also needed toeffectively respond to humanitarian crises。　　句中 to reduce poverty and hunger 不是修饰programs，而是名词短语decisionsabout policies and programs 的定语，其实就是decisions 带有两个定语，一个是紧跟其后的介词短语about policies and programs，另一个是分隔的不定式to reduce poverty andhunger，意思是做出了一些“为了减少贫穷和饥饿的有关政策和计划的明智决定”。　　复数的 humanitarian crises指造成poverty andhunger 多方面的的“人道主义危机”，如关心危机、救助危机、宣传危机等2. On this World Population Day, I call ondecision-makers everywhere to make each and every person count. Only byconsidering the needs of all women and men, girls and boys, can we achieve theMillennium Development Goals and advance the shared values of the United Nations。　　each and every 是一种常用的强调说法，意思是不仅仅是“单一的人”而且也是“所有的人”，用一个也可以，但是语气不及用两个强势。　　Count 此处是不及物动词，意思是“具有价值/具有重要性”，用作使役动词 make宾语 each and every person 补足语，即“我呼吁各地的决策者要使人人都能占有重要地位”。　　Only by considering…can we achieve是倒装句，由于 only 强调的方式状语提前，后面的主语和情态动词颠倒了位置。正常语序是we can achieve …only by considering…，only 是强调副词。这句话的意思是“只有通过考虑所有男女老少的需要，我们才能实现千禧年发展目标…”3. It is promising that many countries thatwere unable to complete a national census in the past have reported successduring this current round。　　本句的结构如下：　　形式主语：It　　系表部分：is promising　　主语从句：that many countries that wereunable to complete a national census in the past have reported success duringthis current round 其中 ——　　【嵌套主句】that many countries havereported success during this current round　　【嵌套同位语从句】that were unable tocomplete a national census in the past　　参考译文：许多不能在过去完成人口普查的国家在当前一轮普查期间都已经传来捷报，这是众望所归的。4. Public service is not always an easycareer choice to make, but it can be immensely rewarding for the opportunity itoffers to get involved in addressing the challenges of our time。　　这句话是由 but 连接的并列句。　　第一分句：Publicservice is not always an easy career choice to make, 公共服务不总是一项要作出的职业选择。（不定式 to make 是career choice 的后置定语，即“要作出的职业选择”）　　第二分句：but itcan be immensely rewarding for the opportunity it offers to get involved inaddressing the challenges of our time 但是它（公共服务）可能对其（公共服务）为了参与我们这个时代的挑战而提供的机会是有意的。　　【嵌套主句】but itcan be immensely rewarding for the opportunity　　【嵌套定语从句】itoffers to get involved in addressing the challenges of our time（省略了佐宾语指代opportunity的关系代词，即 offer … to do sth. [为做某事提供…] ）5. We need to recruit into the public servicean ever-increasing tide of ambitious youth。　　宾补只出现在使役动词（如 have,make, get, order, ask, tell 等）和感知动词（如 see, watch, notice,observe, find 等）后　　本句中不定式部分的结构如下：　　复合使役动词：recruit into 使…被纳入　　介词宾语：the public service 公共服务　　宾语补足语：an ever-increasing tide of ambitiousyouth 成为胸怀大志青年的川流不息趋势　　参考译文：我们需要把公共服务事业纳入进来使其成为有志青年前所未有的就业时机。

应该是 we are happy

Tense 时态 　　四级常考的重点时态 　　英语共有16种时态，在CET-4语法测试中，时态是一个常测项目，也是一个必测项目。 　　测试重点有：现在完成时，现在进行时，现在完成进行时，将来完成时，过去完成时，过去进行时，一般将来时。 　　利用时间状语的信息提示 　　时态与时间状语之间存在一定的呼应关系。时间状语可以决定时态。时间状语常出现在句首或句尾，有时也出现在谓语动词前后。 　　标志完成时态的时间状语 　　Ever since, since, since then, by then, by now, by the end of, by the time, when, before, for, sofar, up till now, for, in the past few days, in the past / last few years 　　标志进行时态的时间状语 　　Now, right now, at the moment, yesterday afternoon, last Sunday, just now, this timetomorrow 　　标志将来时态的时间状语 　　Tomorrow, tomorrow morning, soon, next, in two days, in the year 2050, in 10 years" time,some day in the future, 　　Examples 　　1. Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they ____ better health. 　　A. could have enjoyed B. have been enjoying C. had enjoyed D. are enjoying 　　2. Since then, I ____ the mail. 　　A. am expecting B. have been expecting C. expected D. was expecting 　　3. You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it ____ undrinkable by now. 　　A. became B. had become C. has become D.become 　　4. When he hurried to the airport, he found, to his great disappointment, his ticket andpassport ___ at home. 　　A. were left B. had left C. to have been left D. had been left 　　5. By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I ___ for Shanghai. 　　A. am leaving B. shall have left C. will leave D. have already left 　　6. It is reported that by the end of next month the bridge ____. 　　A. will be built B. has been built C. will have been built D. will have built 　　特定结构和句型中的时态 　　1.This(That/It) is the first (second…) +名词+定语从句 　　This(That/It) is the only (last) +名词+定语从句 　　This(That/It) is the +形容词级+名词+定语从句 　　Examples 　　This is one of the rarest questions that ___ at sucha meeting. 　　A. has ever been raised B. is raised C. are raised D. have ever been raised 　　There was a knock at the door, it was the second time someone ___ me that evening. 　　A. had interrupted B. would have interrupted C. to have interrupted D. to be interrupted 　　2.It is /has been + 时间段 since +从句(一般过去时) 　　It will be +时间段before +从句(现在时) 　　It was +时间段before +从句(一般过去时) 　　It is likely /unlikely that +从句(一般将来时) 　　Examples 　　It ___ 2 weeks since she fell down the stairs, but you can still see the bruises. 　　A. was B. is C. will be D. were 　　Last night a man escaped from prison. It was a long time ____ the guards discovered what hadhappened. 　　A. since B. when C. before D. that 　　3.“祈使句+and”结构中, and 引导的并列分句谓语动词用一般将来时。 　　Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than句型中主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 　　Examples 　　___ when she started complaining. 　　A. Not until he arrived 　　B. Hardly had he arrived 　　C. No sooner had he arrived 　　D. Scarcely did he arrive 　　Turn on the radio or open a magazine and you ___ advertisements showing happy andbalanced families. 　　A. are often seeing B. often see C. have often seen D. will often see 　　副词的位置 　　在时态测试中，根据某些副词在句中的特殊位置这一特点，也有助于判断选项的正误。 频率副词always,often, frequently, seldom, never, ever, usually , rarely, occasionally, no sooner, hardly,scarcely等以及just, shortly等其他副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或be动词与实义动词之间。在省略结构中，这些副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或be 动词之前。 　　Examples 　　We ___ our breakfast when an old man came to the door. 　　A. just have had B. have just had C. just had had D. had just had 　　San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles ____. 　　A. is rarely B. rarely is C. hardly is D. is scarcely 　　时态一致 　　从句谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词时态限制，主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时， 从句时态根据需要选择;主句谓语动词是过去时，从句通常也用过去时。这是四级语法测试重点。如：主句谓语动词是过去时，则 　　1)主从句动作同时发生，从句did 或was/were doing. 　　2) 从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句had done. 　　3)从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句would do. 　　Examples 　　After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses ___ on the table all the time. 　　A. had been lying B. had been lain C. have been lying D. were lain 　　Exception (例外) 　　如果从句中所表示的是一个客观事实或科学真理，从句谓语动词不受时态原则限制，只能(永远)用一般现在时，通常根据常识就可以确定答案。 　　Our teacher has a strict rule. She said yesterday that all the students ___ to class on time. 　　A. came B. might come C. must come D. must have come

we can go skiing. ski 是动词,加ing时,不要误加.

名词，宾语

Pandas which are the rarest members in bear family mainly live in China.熊家族中最稀有的成员熊猫主要生活在中国。

76．Are we living in a world full of competition? Yes,we are.Our parents compete（竞争）with others in their offices,our brothers and sisters compete with others in their colleges,and we compete with our classmates in school 77．How can you improve your serf-confidence according to the passage? Learn the fact that everyone is born equal and that everyone has his or her own advantages．Try to discover your own advantages,and believe that you can do better than others in those ways． 78．将①处划线部分单词连成一个完整的特殊疑问句. Why can"t we do better than others? 79．将②处划线部分译成中文.．②Remember that self-confidence is the first step to success．Believe in yourselves,and you will be successful one day． 记住,自信是走向成功的第一步.相信自己,那么你总有一天会成功的. 80．What"s the main idea of this passage? Although we live in a world full of competition,we will succeed sooner or later with the help of self-confidence .

有错。如果想说“我跟你一样”的话，应该是I am the same as you.

英语语法入门：加强词 　　导语：基础打得好，提升英语水平才不吃力，所以一些基本的英语知识还是要理解。下面和我一起来看看英语语法入门：加强词。希望对大家有所帮助。 　　We use words like very, really and extremely to make adjectives stronger: 　　我们用very，really和extremely来加强形容词的语气： 　　It"s a very interesting story. 　　Everyone was very excited. 　　It"s a really interesting story. 　　Everyone was extremely excited 　　We call these words intensifiers. Other intensifiers are: 　　我们称这些词为加强词。 　　 amazingly-exceptionally-incredibly- remarkably -particularly 　　We also use enough as an intensifier, but enough comes after its adjective: 　　我们也可以用enough跟在形容词后加强语气： 　　If you are seventeen you are old enough to drive a car. 　　I can"t wear those shoes. They"re not big enough. 　　 Intensifiers with strong adjectives: 　　When we want to describe something or someone as exceptional you can use a strong adjective. Strong adjectives are words like: 　　当我们描述某人或某物是特例，你可以用较强的形容词。如下： 　　Enormous; huge = very big 　　Tiny = very small 　　Brilliant = very clever 　　Awful; terrible; disgusting; dreadful = very bad 　　Certain = very sure 　　Excellent; perfect; ideal; wonderful; splendid = very good 　　Delicious = very tasty 　　We do not use very with these adjectives. We do not say something is "very enormous" or someone is "very brilliant". 　　我们不用very形容这些词汇。 　　With strong adjectives, for intensifiers we normally use: 　　 absolutely - exceptionally - particularly - really - quite 　　The film was absolutely awful. 　　He was an exceptionally brilliant child. 　　The food smelled really disgusting. 　　Intensifiers with comparatives and superlatives: 　　加强词的比较级或最高级： 　　We use these words and phrases as intensifiers with comparative adjectives: 　　 much - far - a lot - quite a lot - agreat deal - a good deal - a good bit - a fair bit 　　He is much older than me. 　　New York is a lot bigger than Boston. 　　We use much and far as intensifiers with comparative adjectives in front of a noun: 　　我们在名词前面，用much和far加强词与比较级形容词连用： 　　France is a much bigger country than Britain. 　　He is a far better player than Ronaldo. 　　We use these words as intensifiers with superlatives: 　　我们用这些词作为加强词与最高级连用： 　　 easily - by far - far 　　The blue whale is easily the biggest animal in the world. 　　This car was by far the most expensive. ;

1、Many people would be more comfortable 为主-系-表结构，后面if语句引导的条件状语从句。but on the other hand前面与后面的句子并列，表示对比关系。随后的there be句型为宾语从句。2、改句子的真正主语为they probably have these people in mind,when引导了时间状语从句。

不用改。在right后面省略了that..口语嘛 怎么简单怎么说

yourrighttosayit是defend的宾语，这里宾语后置，往后放了。正常语序：Iwoulddefendyourright(tosayit)totheend.right在这里是权利的意思，名词。这句话的翻译：我誓死捍卫你说话的权利。

"Be they egalitarians or deep-green environmentalists" 是一个倒装省略形式，原句应是，"If they should be egalitarians or deep-green environmentalists." 你为什么认为They在从句中指代前面的They? 我觉得，从句主语修饰的是主句最后的宾语。

fact是一个可数名词,前面要加(不)定冠词a.离开高中已经两三年了，一直没碰过英语,不知道是不是对的.如果是对的那我很高兴能帮你一把，如果是错的不要笑..

What for的用法接近于Why。为何？ what for一定情况下可以与why互换例如 why did you go there? 等同于 what did you go there for? 一般what for要分开，放在句首和句末

clothes 没有单数形式，所以不能说 a clothe, 在正式用语中，可以说 a garment。因为clothes 是个复数形式，所以一般不用 a piece of clothes; clothing 表示所穿的衣服，是一个更正式的词：He took off his wet clothing (他脱下湿衣服)，prison clothing (囚衣)。在不太正式的场合，可以用 a piece of clothing, an article of clothing 或 an item of clothing来指a garment, 但在日常会话中，通常说出所指服装的名称。

beawarethatoneofyou的中文翻译_百度翻译beawarethatoneofyou意识到你们中的一个全部释义和例句试试人工翻译

先执行do里面的语句然后在判断while里面的条件为true就继续执行do为false就退出循环do语句至少会被执行一次

《高中英语语法-词义猜测“十法”（一）》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。 词义猜测“十法”（一） 在高考的“阅读理解”题中，经常见到一些猜测词义的题目。这种题目旨在考查考生根据上下文提供的语境猜测单词或短语含义的能力，这种能力既涉及到考生的语言知识水平，也涉及到考生的语言运用能力和综合素质水平。本文结合历年高考试题，就如何做好词义猜测题提供一些方法，供考生参考。 一 . 常见的设问方式： 词义猜测题主要有以下几种常见的设问方式： 1. The underlined word “u2026” probably means __________. 2. The word “u2026” in the u2026 paragraph refers to _____________. 3. The phrase “u2026” in the u2026 sentence can be replaced by _____________. 4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “u2026”？ 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the u2026 paragraph？ 6. By saying “u2026” we mean _____________. 7. What do you think the expression “u2026” stands for？ 二 . 词义猜测十法 ◆定义解释法 有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会用逗号、破折号引出对某一个单词的定义或解释性说明，我们应充分利用这些定义或解释性说明来推测单词或短语的含义。例如： （ NMET 2004 ， B 篇 61 题） There is no cure for Alzheimeru2019s. But a drug，called ARICEPT，has been used by millions of people to relieve their symptoms （症状） . 61. What is AIRCEPT？ A. A medicine to cure Alzheimeru2019s. B. A medicine to delay signs of aging. C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimeru2019s. D. A medicine to cure brain damage. 解析：句中的“ a drug， called ARICEPT ，u2026 to help their symptoms ”就是给 ARICEPT 下的一个定义，故答案为 C . ◆利用举例法 有时，有些文章为了证实或说明某一观点，经常会列举一些例子。我们可以充分利用这些例子来猜测生词的含义。例如： （ NMET 2001 全国， A 篇 56 题） The largest player —— Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental offers a wide variety of choices —— deluxe sedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches，Santana sedans are the big favorites. 56. The words “ deluxe sedans ” ，“ minivans ” and “ station wagons ” used in the text refer to __________. A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers 解析：文中谈到上海巴士旅游汽车出租公司能提供很多种汽车供选择，下面列举的当然是可供租用的各种类型的汽车了，故答案为 C . ◆利用构词法 英语中有很多单词是通过一定的构词法生成的，如果我们掌握了一定的英语构词法知识，就可以根据构词法来推测文中生词的含义。例如： Car rentals （出租）are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. 解析：句中的斜体词 inexpensive 是由 expensive 派生而来的。 expensive 是形容词，意为“昂贵的”， in- 是表示否定意义的前缀。因此，我们可以推知 inexpensive 意为“便宜的”。 ◆语境推断法 英语单词的一个特点是一词多义，一个单词在不同的语境中有不同的含义。离开了一定的语言环境，词汇的意义就难以确定。因此很多词的词义可以根据上下文来推测出来。例如： （ NMET 2004 浙江， B 篇 61 题） These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses， actories，and offices. “ Green building ” means “ reducing the impact （影响） of the building on the land ” ，Taryn Holowka of the U.S. Green Building Council in Washington，D.C.， said. 61. In the second paragraph， the underlined words “ the building ” most probably refers to ______________. A. an ordinary building B. an energy-saving building C. a green-colored building D. a building in Washington，D.C. 解析：该段第二句提到了当今的 green building 是指环保型的 houses， factories 和 offices .第三句指出环保型建筑就是要减少 the building 对地球造成的（不良）影响。由上下文可以推断，答案为 A . ◆同义词法 很多情况下，在生词出现的上下文中，有时会出现由并列连词 and 或 or 连接的与之同义或近义的词语，我们可以通过这些熟悉的同义词或近义词的意义来推知该生词的含义或它的义域。例如： （ NMET 2003 全国， C 篇 65 题） In 1963，a schoolboy called Andrew，while reading in his school library， came across the worldu2019s greatest mathematical problem ： Fermatu2019s Last Theorem （定理）. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century， the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds， including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem， and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. 65. Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “ baffle ” as it is used in the text？ A. To exncourage people to raise questions. B. To cause difficulty in understanding. C. To provide a person with an explanation. D. To limit peopleu2019s imagination. 解析：从上下文看， and 把 baffled 与 beaten 连接起来，表示它们是并列关系，应该是同义词，故答案为 B .[1][2] 《高中英语语法-词义猜测“十法”（一）》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com

1. with him是介词短语做表语，表明主语的状态。表语就是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于系动词之后。2. am is are又叫be动词，它们的动词原形都是be。

第一个是事态要前后一致第二个是说这里的盲人很受关照，the blind 是统称盲人，肯定要用复数，后面是被动语态，介词不能少第三个是介宾从句

葡萄牙语语法之虚拟式过去未完成时 　　实际上，虚拟式过去未完成时的`用法与虚拟式现在时的用法大同小异。当然在时间概念上或在真实性上都有所不同。以讲话的时候为基点，虚拟式过去未完成时可以表示现在、过去和将来发生的动作。下面是我为大家带来的关于虚拟式过去未完成时的葡萄牙语语法知识，欢迎阅读。 　　表示现在: 　　Quisesseeleeseriaomelhoraluno 　　Setuagoraquisesses,íamosláosdois 　　Chovesseoufizessesol,eleiaaotrabalho 　　Fosseverdadeoquedizes,etodosestariamfelizes 　　表示过去： 　　Ordenei-lhequeentrasse 　　Duvidoqueeledissessetalcoisa 　　Tenhopenaqueelefizesseisso 　　Erapossívelqueganhássemosaguerra 　　表示将来： 　　Prdiu-lhrwurvoltassenopróximomês 　　Setuamanhquisesses,iríamosláosdois 　　Paraopróximomês,seelequisesse,compravaocarro 　　Eraóptimoquenochovessenopróximofim-de-semana 　　在口语当中虚拟式过去未完成时有一个特别典型的用法，表示“指责或过去的命令”，被当作“虚拟现在过去时” 　　Estudasse! 　　Notivessesdeixadotudoparaaúltimahora 　　Fizesseoquelhemandeienadadistotinhaacontecido 　　在使用短语comose(好像…….,如同……)，时，必须用虚拟式过去未完成时： 　　Elafalafrancêscomosefossefrancesa 　　Eleandacomosetivesseoreinabarriga 　　Elepareceummacacoasubiràsárvores 　　Elesobeàsárvorescomosefosseummacaco 　　在祈使句和感叹句中使用虚拟式过去未完成时，表示愿望： 　　1，Osmeuspaisestonoestrangeiro(现状) 　　Quemmederaqueestivessemcá!(愿望) 　　2,Elenopodeviràfesta(现状) 　　Oxalápudessevir!(愿望) 　　3,Notenhodinheiroparaasférias(现状) 　　Tomaraquetivesse!(愿望) 　　4,Ofilmecomeadaquia5minutos(现状) 　　Oxaláchegasseatempo!(愿望) 　　5,OcasamentodelaestámarcadoparaoprimeirodeAgosto(现状) 　　Tomaraqueficasseboarapidamente(愿望) ;

通的，译为：浪漫日。相似词语短语：romanced───v.虚构（故事）；渲染；和??谈情说爱；追求??；讨好，奉承；（使）浪漫化（romance的过去式及过去分词）。match day───比赛日。romance───n.传奇；浪漫史；风流韵事；冒险故事；vi.虚构；渲染；写传奇；n.(Romance)人名；(西)罗曼塞。romancer───n.讲虚构故事的人；传奇小说作家。romances───n.冒险故事；风流韵事；传记体文学；浪漫史（romance的复数形式）；v.虚构；追求；写传记（romance的第三人称单数形式）。romancical───浪漫的。some day───总有一天；将来有一天；来日。ordnance data───国家基准点；法定基准线。performance car───性能车。双语使用场景。s annual Valentine"s Day romance poll has shown an alarming decline in reported office trysts.───一年一度的情人节浪漫民意测验显示公开的办公室幽会显著下降。Valentine"s Day is most often associated with romance and having a special someone.───情人节通常和浪漫以及心目中最爱的那个人有关。But there is a romance with this city for me that began with my imagining it as a little girl, and it"s a romance that continues to this day.───但对我来说，我和这座城市有过一段罗曼史，在我还是个小女孩时，从我那时的想象里就开始了这段恋情，而且这份感情至今仍在。Romance, day is also the old! I long for the day, know? My love, day know? My foolish heart, day know?───天若有情，天亦老！我的相思，天知否？我的深情，天知否？我的痴心，天知否？

　　语法填空这道题对于很多学生来说都很难，想要拿高分并不容易，那么英语语法填空的常用词有哪些?下面由我为大家整理的英语语法填空常用词，希望大家喜欢! 　　 英语语法填空常用词 　　动词类： 　　1“看” look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; 　　notice注意/catch sight of看见;stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看; 　　glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见;see a film 看电影/watch TV看电视 　　2“说” telll sth to sb = tell sb sth告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流 say sth诉说的内容 speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 Bargain讨价还价 chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure 指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨 　　3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵 　　4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达 question审问 　　5“答” answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复 　　6 “听” listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到 　　7“写” dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画 　　take down/write down写下，记下 　　8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛，挑 (无方向性) 　　fetch拿来拿去 lift举 Put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推 　　9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠 　　10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 　　blow吹刮 attack攻击 　　11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇 　　12“送” send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行 　　13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠 /embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in oneu2019s arms 　　14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲 　　15“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进 　　16“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠 　　17“睡/休息” lie /on oneu2019s back/ on one side/ on oneu2019s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest 　　18“笑” smile 微笑(不出声) laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing 　　19“哭” cry shed tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying 　　20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找过程 find out查明 discover/explore 发现/探索 　　hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找 search sb 搜身 search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地 　　check检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测，检验 inspect视察 　　21“穿” put on 动作 wear穿戴 have on试穿 be dressed in 穿的状态 　　make-up化装 get changed换衣服 be in red Take off 脱 remove 去除 　　22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸 have a meal have supper toast taste 　　treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃 　　23“得” get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess 　　24“失” lose 丢了 be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见 gone不见(物) great loss die die off相继死去 die away 逐渐消失 　　25“有” have 有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess 　　26“无” nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone 　　27“增/减” rise / go up /drop 　　人主动抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease 　　28“买/卖” buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain 　　bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts 　　29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn up 　　disappear die die out pass away be out of sight 　　30“变化” develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without( negative adj.) turn + colour change /change into reform 　　31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize 　　understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to 　　32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize oneu2019s dream win lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. into reality 　　33“努力” try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 　　34祝贺 congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会 　　35赞美/批评 praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame 　　criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb speak ill of 　　36喜/恶 like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off 　　37判断 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt 　　38到达 arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for 　　on oneu2019s way to upon oneu2019s arrival on doing sth 　　39受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from 　　suffer a loss 　　40损坏 damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash 　　41修复 repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself 　　42支持/反对 agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down 　　be against elect vote for/ against 　　43 做饭 cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker 　　44 建议 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服 　　45 花费 sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth 　　It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at oneu2019s expense 　　46 省/存钱 save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time 　　47 参加 take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against 　　48控告 accuse sb. of charge sb. With 　　49 救治 help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果sb. Of sth 　　Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth 　　50敬佩 admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of 　　51逃避 ran away escape from flee hide 　　52 阻止/禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. ban prohibit 　　53 对付/处理 handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle 　　54 效仿 copy imitate learn from learn 　　54 爆发/发生 come about happen to take place break out 　　burst out go off explosion 　　55安装/装备 fasten fix set equip 　　be armed with 用什么武装 be equipped with装备有 　　56 追求 pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上 keep up with跟上 　　57 想/考虑 think of 考虑/+as把什么看成 think about想起 consider 　　think over仔细考虑 be concerned 担心 be considerate towards sb. 　　58 打算 plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do 　　59 似乎/好象 seem appear look like as if as though 　　60 开办/关闭 open start set up close/close up end close down 　　名词类： 　　1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off 　　2旅游 trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking 　　3职务人员 clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess 　　Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher 　　conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard 　　4餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin 　　5诊所/看病/服药 clinic hospital take oneu2019s temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient 　　6车站/机场 airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb. 　　7身体部位 arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist 　　8意志 will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy 　　9才能/品质 talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud 　　strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable 　　10优缺点 advantage disadvantage strength weakness 　　11目标 aim goal intention purpose belief faith 　　12方式 means method way manner approach 　　13身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight 　　14图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图 　　15文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files form make a list of 　　16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks 　　17 学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony 　　18建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation 　　19气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 　　20交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike 　　give sb. a lift/ride 　　21习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词) practice惯例(名词) 　　22感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense 　　23情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow 　　24 财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off 　　25 运动比赛 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/ 　　26衣服 clothes， cloth， clothing　clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of， an article of 　　27事件 incident， accident　 incident指小事件， accident指不幸的事故 　　形容词类： 　　1人的各种感受 　　乐happy delighted to oneu2019s joy pleased amused 　　悲 sad unhappy painful bitter 　　平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful 　　烦bother bored be fed up with 　　震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed 　　怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid 　　失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed 　　满意be satisfied with /be content to do 　　生气 annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage 　　2 表程度的副词类 　　narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite 　　accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by far 　　farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus 　　u2026 　　易考的近义词组： 　　run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ match 　　hit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performer 　　contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ do 　　fall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ account 　　cause/ reason thatu2019s why/ thatu2019s because because/ since，as/ for 　　last/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide 　　stand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/range 　　provide/supply/offer/ give/send 　　 英语语法填空的解题方法总结 　　一、无提示词(只能填1个单词) 　　1.缺少主语 　　如果 +v. ,应首先考虑代词。 　　可填(1)人称代词： he，she，they，it等 　　(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作主语的有that，which，who等。 　　(3)连接代词:名词性从句中作主语的引导词有what,whoever等。 　　(4)形式主语it：如果作主语的是动词不定式、动名词或从句，要填形式主语it。 　　2.缺少宾语 　　v./prep. + 　　(1)填人称代词：如 him，her，them，it等。 　　(2)填名词性物主代词 mine,hers等 　　(3)填关系代词：如that,whom等。 　　whom在从句中做介词的宾语 　　3. 缺少限定词， +名词/代词， 　　限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、形容词性物主代词(my，your，its，his等)、关系词(whose，which等)、不定代词(no，some，any，each，every， many，several等) 　　4.填介词,固定搭配 如provide sb with sth. Refuse to do 　　5.单词短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词，可填and或or 　　6.若两句之间没有连词，也没有句号，填连词，例如and，but，or，so等 　　7. 若句子完整，空特别是与上下文时态主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或do,have及其正确形式 　　二、有提示词，用不多于3个单词正确形式填空 　　1.给出动词原形，一般会考查动词的时态.看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。 　　(1)作谓语(主动、被动) 　　(2)非谓语 　　(2)句子不缺成分，作后(前)置定语 　　2.给出名词,一般考查词性及其单复数形式变化。 　　(1)名词词性变化，有时涉及单复数 　　(2)单复数变化

这句话可以分为两个独立的部分：The researchers note that recent and easily retrievable information这是一个主从句结构，其中“researchers”是主语，“note”是谓语动词，中间还包含了一个从句“that recent and easily retrievable information”，作为主句的宾语。该从句中，“recent and easily retrievable information”是先行词，被引入了一个关系词“that”，这个从句修饰和具体说明了这个先行词所表示的内容。"can overwrite what was there to begin with."这是一个独立的简单句，其中“can overwrite”是谓语动词，表示“能够覆盖、重写”的意思。另外，这个简单句的主语是不完整的，缺少了实际的主语，但从上下文可以推断出它的主语应该是“recent and easily retrievable information”。最后一个部分"what was there to begin with"是一个介词短语，作为主语“what”或“thing”的后置定语，修饰 “what”或"thing" 所代表的内容，并且指示这个内容最初存在的位置或状态。

不一样knife的复数是把 fe改为v再加es即knivesroof的复数是直接加sroofs

这样的，一般和固定的动词放在一起使用的，一般结构是动词+ doing sth或者动词+ to do sth。比如：stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.等。

一、 由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），名词前可有其它定语成份（即：形容词或冠词）。单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其它成份。如：① What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀！② What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀！③ What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子呀！④ What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花呀！⑤ What delicious food it is!多么有味的食物呀！⑥ What heavy snow it is!多么大的雪呀！二、由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：How+形容词（或副词）+主语+谓语+其它成份如：① How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀！② How nice the pictures are!多么漂亮的图画呀！③ How happy they look!他们显得多么高兴呀！④ How well she sings!她唱得多好呀！⑤ How hard they are working now!他们干得多么起劲呀！三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。如：① What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !多么热的天气呀！② What tall buildings they are!How tall the buildings are!多么高的楼房呀！③ What bad weather it is!How bad the weather is!多么糟糕的天气呀！④ What bright sunshine it is!How bright the sunshine is!多么明亮的阳光呀！四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：① What a fine day!多么晴朗的天呀！② What an honest boy!多么诚实的孩子呀！③ What red apples!多么红的苹果呀！④ How cool!好凉快呀！⑤ How wonderful!

year old只能是 He is only one year old.即years old的单数形式。 years old就是一岁以上的了，例如She is three years old. year old 和 years old通常都作表语。 首先要声明绝对没有years-old的说法，因为加上连接符以后year必须用单数。 数字-year-old表示几岁，与前两个最大的区别就是它在句中只能充当定语。 例如：a three-year-old boy一个三岁大的小男孩。 但是不能说The boy is three-year-old.也就是说它不能充当表语， 而要说 The boy is three years old.

首先,am属于be动词,在句子中做谓语,后面一般跟形容词,而hate是动词,一般也在句子中做谓语,这一个句子里出现了俩谓语,所以,应该去掉am,直接用I hate you 这样才对. very你想加的话不要加在I后面,不符合外国人的说话习惯,应该改成I hate you very much,就像外国人感谢的时候通常说Thank you very much,把very加在I这个主语后面属于Chinglish,纯粹的中国话翻译过去的.

alleged that 后面是宾语从句the spiral nebulae ..... were scratches 碎片 被碾压留下来的were scratches leftbe 宾语 后置定语

year old只能是 He is only one year old.即years old的单数形式. years old就是一岁以上的了,例如She is three years old. year old 和 years old通常都作表语. 首先要声明绝对没有years-old的说法,因为加上连接符以后year必须用单数. 数字-year-old表示几岁,与前两个最大的区别就是它在句中只能充当定语. 例如：a three-year-old boy一个三岁大的小男孩. 但是不能说The boy is three-year-old.也就是说它不能充当表语, 而要说 The boy is three years old.

1 This song is about a girl meeing a boy in her school, and her dream of a love story between the boy and herself. In the story, she is Juliet and the boy is Romeo. They meet in a ball, and they fall love with each other at the first sight. However, Juliet"s father keeps Romeo away from her. Juliet tells Romeo to take her away from her boring life. She waits for Romeo, her prince, to come for her, but he never does. Finally, Juliet"s father agrees with their relationship and Romeo proposes to Juliet in the blossom. The last sentence of the song brings the audience back to the real world, which describes the girl falls in love with the boy. 2. This song is important because it describes a perfect romance that we all dream of. The real world is somehow very harsh, because things not always perfect. Therefore, we need a place to hide from bad mood and all that kind of stuff. This song gives us a fairy tale that is full of happiness and love. As we listen to the song, it cheers us up, and we can forget all those bad things. 3.The major instrument in the instrumental part is banjo. It sounds classical, which support the story of this song. This is a classic story, which talks about the love story between Romeo and Juliet, this story takes place long times ago, in the court. Also, banjo is used to play country music, since it has a smooth tone, which best supports the first verse, it gives people a feeling of romance and peaceful.写得不错，我有好几个英国朋友都会弹banjo，还有mantolin，这些都是英国民谣的主要乐器，呵呵 :)

itismylucktomeetyou

对的，其实就是Does anyone else know about that的省略，这样一般是口语的对话多用，平时上英文课老师也会经常说的一句话

这个是中学阶段比较常见的用法，其实很简单：so 在这里是个肯定替代词，代替上文的内容，表达肯定的含义，也就是说，原句是肯定句的时候我们就可以用so来代替那句话。放在句首后便可以加部分倒装结构的句子，翻译成“也”比如He is a good student,so am I.（部分倒装你知道吧？就是谓语动词的一部分放在主语前）意思是：我也是。so 后边也可以加陈述语序的句子，翻译成“确实”。比如，He said Mary is a good student,so she is.意思是：我确实是。so 后边用am 这类系动词还是用do这一类助动词，取决于你所替代的原来句子中的谓语动词的性质。希望你看懂了。

我也不知道，so加助动词加主语，表示也怎么样

so do I 表示前者的情况也适合于后者,如：He likes apples.So do I(他喜欢苹果,我也是）这里的人称一般都有两个.do 在这里是助动词.用于上句中动词为一般现在时的实义动词.若上句中为情态动词时,So后就不能用do了.而...

B is five times as much as A.B is five times more than A.B is five times the amount of A.至于那篇文章恐怕改革是不行了，必须革命！

I saw the house burning last night这个句子是现在分词作宾补这是 see sb/sth doing 句型The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.这个to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting不是不定式 而是介词短语作状语这是 redirect one"s behavior to sth句型其中that are acceptable in the domestic setting是定语从句修饰名词outletsthe dolphins were supposed to press the left-hand lever followed by the right-hand one.这里的 followed by the right-hand one是过去分词短语作定语 修饰the left-hand lever instead of tackling the half a billion people suffering from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be.这句话前面是tackle sb with sth的句型dramatically more effective 是与much cheaper并列的表语carbon reduction would be的would be后面省略了 cheap and effective再如 he is taller than you areExtreme weather and reckless development are plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen.这里的in ways 是以...的方式但that引导的是定语从句修饰waysthat作定从中have never seen的宾语But on occasion, opera companies treat venerated dramas in ways that make audiences, literally, screaming mad这里的in ways 也是是以...的方式that引导的也是定语从句that作定从中的主语注意这与先行词是the way 并且在定从中作状语 的表达不同如 我不喜欢他说话的方式i don"t like the way (that/ in which) he speaks.

有好有坏，还不错，80分

一、3有一点语法错误，如果“which party,the school or the parents,should be accountable for children"s education”是question的同位语的话则应该在question后面加that.二、我不太肯定一句话能不能跟在such as后面。三、bear more responsibility这个短语比较让人喜欢建议使用

没错Not only 置前 后面要用倒装 就出现了 has it has it not only improved productivity dramatically,but also... 是错的如果不置前not only 也应该是It has not only improved productivity dramatically，but also。。

和后半句的关系是如此以至于所以是so that排除B C强调了在Antietam这个地方与原句要表达的不相符 就是改变句子意思了A简洁也和原句意思相符我的水平只能这样理解。。。。。

i had a dream of being a dress designer when i was young. but i realized that is hard for me to make it true when i grew up.TFBOYS are my idols. i like them becuase they are only middle school students but they try their best to make their dreams come ture and they never give up when they are in troubles, eventually they become a famous singer team. i asked myself why they are so luck and it seems i have nothing of my life. slowly i realized that these are caused by my lack of persistence and hard working. then , i began to take more time and more attention on my studying and i believe that one day i will be successful

在这里feel是动词，It feels so good.

在您的问题中，您提到了 "column" 函数以及后面的 -2。然而，"column" 函数通常不会单独出现，而是在特定编程语言或库的上下文中使用。为了准确回答您的问题，我需要更多关于您所使用的编程语言或库的信息。另外，关于 "-2"，它可能是一个参数或者操作数，表示在某种操作中需要向前（负方向）移动、减少或者操作两个单位。但是，为了具体说明其含义，我们需要知道这个 "column" 函数所在的上下文。如果您可以提供更多关于您使用的编程语言、库或具体代码示例的信息，我将很高兴为您提供更详细的解答。

1.一排a row of pretty little cottages.一排漂亮的小村舍。2 连续的一组They have won five championships in a row.他们已经赢得了五连冠。3 用于街道名the house at 236 Larch Row.…位于拉齐街236号的那栋房子。4 划船I took Daniel for a row.我带丹尼尔去划船了。

Let"s drive by ourselvesself..

because one edge was resting against the side of the canal整个是because连接的原因状语从句because连接词one edge主语was resting过去进行时，谓语against the side of the canal介词短语，作状语，表示位置。

He主语，put谓语，bottle宾语，to....状语

ROW(reference)Reference 为需要得到其行号的单元格或单元格区域。· 如果省略 reference，则假定是对函数 ROW 所在单元格的引用。· 如果 reference 为一个单元格区域，并且函数 ROW 作为垂直数组输入，则函数 ROW 将 reference 的行号以垂直数组的形式返回。· Reference 不能引用多个区域。

??not?so?much．．．as．．．是一个常用的并列连词，其含义相当于rather than，意为"与其说是……倒不如说是……"。和其它连接词一样，它可以连接词与词，短语与短语以及句子与句子。例如： ??He isn"t so much ill as depressed．（＝He"s depressed rather than ill．）他不是生病，而是情绪低落。 ?? ??Oceans don"t?so much divide the world as unite it．（＝Oceans unite the world rather than divide it．）与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋联结了世界各国。 当连接句子时，not?so?much．．．as．．．连接的往往是because或that引起的从句，意思是"倒不是因为……而是因为……"。as后的that有时可省去。例如： ??You feel lost，sick at heart before such unmasked hatred，not so much because it threatens you as because it shows humans in such an inhuman light．面对这毫不掩饰的仇恨，你感到不知所措，惶恐不安，这倒不是因为它威胁了你，而是因为它显示了人类居然如此没有人性。 It"s not so much that the machine is out of order as（that）I have not learned to operate it．倒不是机器出了故障，而是我还没有学会操作。 ??该并列连词中的as可用but（rather）替换，即出现该连词的一种变体：not somuch．．．but（rather）．．．。例如： It is not so much the actual population of the world but its rate of increase which is important．重要的与其说是实际的世界人口总数，倒不如说是世界人口增长率。 这一点尚未引起国内外辞书编纂者们的必要重视，但实际上，用not so much．．．but（rather）．．．代替not?so?much．．．as．．．的情况已越来越常见。再如： I picked Michael as player of the week，not so much for his play but because he was obviously the reason the others had kept fighting．（《大学英语》 1997／6P．28）我选迈克作本周球员，不是因为他球打得好，而是因为他促使队员坚持拼搏。 ??The woman"s family and all their clan relatives were very worked up about?it：not?so much because of the assault，but because it had lowered the woman"s bride price．（1990／4P．56）这名妇女的家人和她族内的所有亲属情绪都很激动：与其说是由于被强*，还不如说是由于被强*降低了这名妇女作为新娘的价格。 ??后两句中的not?so?much．．．but．．．连接一个介词短语和一个分句。被连接的两个成分在形式上是不平行的，但在语法上都是在句中作状语。

谁也帮不了你,要么继续等待,要么从课本第一页看起

一 比较级的用法和构成 -er than 或者 more than 用法 1）than 后接名词或主格/宾格的代词 e.g. The profits are greater than the losses. You are taller and stronger than I (am tall). You are taller and stronger than me. 2）than后接句子 e.g. Are you prepared to work harder than you have been doing? 你有没有准备比你现在的工作还要做得再努力些？ They proced 53% more steel in 1925 than they did in 1914. 3）than后接词组或状语从句 e.g. He had more in mon with his second than with his eldest son. 和他的大儿子相比，他与二儿子更有共同语言。 Aren"t you a little fatter than when I saw you last? 难道你没有比我上次见你的时候有胖了点儿？ 4）接其它成分（如不定式、形容词、动词等） e.g. There were more casualties than was reported. (= it was reported there were.) 死亡的人数比报道的多。 It is easier to do it yourself than (to) explain it to her. 跟她解释，还不如你自己做还来得容易。 She was not more surprised than angry. 与其说她吃惊，还不如生气。 5) “The+比较级…，the+比较级…”：“越…，越…” e.g. The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them. 问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。 6) “as + adj / adv + as”: “A和B一样” not so (as) + adj /adv + as”： “A和B不一样” e.g. My puter is as expensive as yours. 我的电脑和你的（电脑）一样贵重。 The boy has as much progress as we had expected. 正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。 My puter is not so (as) expensive as yours. 我的电脑不如你的（电脑）贵重。 二 英语中的比较级和最高级的语法和句型 比较级通常与than一起使用 例;I am *** aller than you. 最高级前加the 例;You are the tallest. 三 有关“比较级”的语法知识点 比较级表示两者（人或事物）的比较。 在“形容词或副词比较级+than”的句子中，当than前后所使用的专动词相属同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词可以省略 例句： tina is more athletic than sam.蒂娜比山姆更活跃。 who runs faster ,lucy or han mei?谁跑得快，路西还是韩梅？ he works much harder than i(do).他比我更努力地工作。 注：在形容词和副词的比较级前，有时可以用much，a little等来修饰。 如：much better 好多了，a little taller有一点高。 形容词或副词变成比较级的变化如下表： 希望对你有帮助。 四 比较级的用法和构成 1楼 英语比较级表：学习查询比较级与最高级的构成和用法很方便。 比较的用法: ①双方比较, 表示一方超过另一方时, 用“比较级+than”的结构表示。例如:This pen is better than that one. He is cleverer than his sister. 但注意这种表达法:She is the older of the o sisters. ②表示一方不及另一方时, 用“less+原级+than”的结构表示。例如:This park is less beautiful than that one. ③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时, 可在比较级前加表示程度的状语(如even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, yet, by far等)修饰。例如:He works even harder than before. Things are far worse than expected. 注意:英语比较级前若无even, still, yet等时, 译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”, 或不译出, 一般不用“更”。例如:She feels better than yesterday. 她比昨天好些了。Please e earlier tomorrow. 请明天早点来。注意:by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时, 一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面, 应在中间加“the”。例如:He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the o brothers. ④表示一方随另一方的程序而变化, 即表达“越……(就)越……”意义时, 用the+比较级(主语+谓语), the+比较级(主语+谓语)”的结构。例如:The harder he worked, the more progress he made. The more you listen to English, the easier it bees. ⑤不与其它事物相比, 表示本身程度的改变, 即表达“越来越……”意义时, 用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构。例如:The weather is getting colder and colder. The city is being more and more beautiful. ⑥“no+比较级”与“not+比较级”结构含义不同。“no+比较级”表示两个人(事物)都含有与该形容词相反的属性;“not+比较级”表示两个事物都具有该形容词的属性, 只是在程度上前者不如后者。试比较:Tom is no taller than Jack. (=Tom is as short as Jack. ) Tom is not taller than Jack. (=Tom is not so tall as Jack.) ⑦某些以or结尾的形容词进行比较时, 用to代替than。(这些词有inferior, superior, junior, senior, prior等。) 例如:He is superior to Mr. Wang in mathematics. ⑧在比较从句中, 为了避免重复, 我们通常用that(those), one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物, one既可指人, 也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词, 而one只能代替可数名词。例如:The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. A box made of iron is stronger than the one made of wood. ⑨倍数表示法。假定两事物A和B对比, 比较中有A是B的几倍和A比B大(小)几倍两种情况: (1)A是B的几倍可表示为:A is. times as+形容词(副词)原级+as B. /A is. times the size(length/height/amount etc. ) of B. 例如:这座桥是旧桥的3倍长。 ①This bridge is three times as long as the old one. ②This bridge is three times the length of the old one. (2)A比B大(小)几倍或多(少)几倍可表示为: A is. . . times+比较级+than B. /A is. times + more(less)than B. 例如:这座桥比旧桥长3倍。This birdge is three times longer than that of the old one. =This bridge is four times as long as the old one. 再如:我厂今年的产量比去年多2倍。The output of our plant this year is ice larger than last year. =The output of our plant this year is three times the amount of last year. 用times表示倍数, 一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍可以用ice或double。 五 比较级 语法 later是状语 than usual在句中也是状语，修饰副词later 六 比较级和最高级的语法重点有哪些 原级： She is taller than me; are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格如。规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级）。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种，比较级和最高级. 主格 形容词比较级 宾格（二）英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个： A + is /形容词比较级(一)一般句式的构成 七 比较级的语法(英文) 英语里形容词的比较级有三个等级，即原级（positive degree）,比较级（parative degree)和最高级（superlative degree）.一般来说，表示“等于”时用原级，它的结构是as+原级+as.如：I"m as tall as my in brother.我和我的双胞胎哥哥一样高。表示二者的比较时用比较级，它的结构是比较级+than. 如：My father is younger than my uncle.我的父亲比我的伯父年轻。形容词的规则变化如下： 构词法 1，单音节词末尾加-er 2,单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r 3,闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母， 须双写这个字母，再加-er 4,少数以-y结尾的词，如果-y前是辅音字母，则变y为i,再加-er. 各种情况分别举例如下： 原级 比较级 tall高的 taller brave勇敢的 braver big大的 bigger heavy重的 heavier 英语中有些形容词的比较级等级变化是不规则的。这些形容词有：good bad little better worse less well ill few farther older later far old late further elder latter 八 比较级与最高级的语法知识点 回答：英语比较级和最高级的语法知识点归纳如下： 1. 两者间的比较要用比较级; 三者或三者以上之间的比较要用最高级。例如： He is the taller of the o boys. He is the tallest of the three boys. China is larger than any country in Afica. China is larger than any other country in Asia. 2. 使用比较级时，要把主语排除在外; 使用最高级时，要把主语包括在内。例如： She is cleverer than anyone else in her class. She is the cleverest of all the students in her class. 3. 比较级可以被下列词语修饰： much, any, a little, a bit, still, a lot, even, no, some等。但very,quite不能修饰比较级。例如： He is much better than yesterday. 最高级可被如下词语修饰： far，by far, nearly, almost, mostly以及序数词等。例如： This building is almost the highest in the city. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 4. 形容词最高级前要加定冠词the; 若不加定冠词或者使用不定冠词a /an, 则表示“非常，极”的意思。例如： This is most important. He is a most clever boy. 副词最高级前可加也可不加定冠词。例如： He runs (the) fastest in his class. 5. "比较级+比较级"表示“越来越……”，“the +比较级+从句，the+比较级+主句”表示“越……，越……”。例如： It is colder and colder. The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 6. 在选择疑问句中，选择对象是两者，用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。例如： Who is taller, Tom or Peter? Who is the tallest, Tom or Peter or Jack? 九 比较级的语法 比较级就是将二者进行比较产生的词形，是由形容词原级转化而来，一般是在原级后面加er,也有一些不规则的转化，比如good—better，bad—worse等。相对二者的比较，还有三者及以上的比较，这时就产生了最高级。 一般用法 1. 表示“比…更”。用比较级形容词+than+比较成分，than后主词的述语动词往往省略，非正式用法的than后的人称代名词可用宾格。 He is younger than me. 他比我年轻。 I am a better swimmer than he（him）. 我游泳比他好。 2. 表示“较…低；不及…用” less+原级形容词+than+比较成分。 I am less young than he （is）. 我不比他年轻。 3. 表示两者之中“较…”，用the+比较级+of the o。 This one is the bigger of the o houses. 这所房子是两座房子中较大的。 4. 定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较。 The taller boy is John. 那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。 5. 有少数以ior结尾的形容词，如inferior（次于），junior（年幼的；下级的），posterior（之后），prior（之前），senior（年长的,上级的），superior（优于）等本身就有比较的意思，常与介系词to连用。 This method is superior to that one. 这种方法优于那种方法。 6. 比较形容词可以被副词如a little（一点），much（得多），even（更加），still（更加），far（…的多）等修饰，但不可用very修饰。 翻译：现在的生活简单得多了。（误）Life is very easier than it was enty years ago.（正）Life is very much easier than it was enty years ago. 特殊用法 no more… than… 与……一样不…… not more…than… 没有……那样……，不如…… not less… than… 不亚于…… more than… 不止，仅仅，非常，极其 This more than satisfied me. more than a little 非常 not more than 不多于 no （not any） more than不过，仅仅 no less than 有……之多，多达 not less than 至少，不下于 neither more nor less than 恰好，不多不少,简直，和……完全一样 better than 多于，超过 It is better than 20 km to the station. （in） less than no time 立即，一会儿 （be） little/no better than 实际上，简直就是 nothing less than 完全是，和……一模一样 all the more 越发，更加 any （the） less 较小/更小一些,小的 all the better 更好，更加 so much the better/worse （for *** ./sth.） 甚至更好/更坏 go one better （than *** ./sth.） 胜过……一筹 more…than… 与其说……不如说…… would sooner/rather…than 与其……宁愿 （be） more like…than 不像……倒像 rather…than…/rather than 宁可……而不 other than 除了……，除……之外 rather…than otherwise 不是别的而是 no/none other than 正是，除……之外无其他 no more 不再，不复存在，也不，也没有 less than 不…… more often than no 经常，多半 see more/less of someone 更常/少见；再/少见到…… none + the + 比较级 毫不……，毫无…… have seen better days 情况转坏 think better of sth. 改变……的念头 for better or （for） worse 无论好坏，同甘共苦 all the better 因……而更加 more than meets the eye/ear 另有隐情，并非表面那么简单的 More is meant than, meets the ear. 意在言外 There is more （ to it ） than meets the eyes. 现象背后有文章 the+比较级……，the+比较级……。 越……，越…… 十 比较级的构成 ⒈单音节形容词和部分双音节词，一般在词尾加-er。 2. 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾直接加加-r。 3. 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加er。 4. 以辅音字母+y“结尾的双音节词，变”y“为”i“，再加-er。 5. 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加”more“。 6. 部分形容词和副词的比较级是不规则的，如：good/well-better，bad/badly-worse。 7. 由“动词+后缀-ing/-ed”构成的形容词，在词前加more构成比较级。如：interesting-more interesting，bored-more bored。 8. 由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词，在该副词前加more构成比较级。如：slowly-more slowly，happily- more happily。

这里的coming是动名词（不是现在分词！），而a long time则是coming的定语。

去看语法书

没有错。因为someone 后面用三单

113sea level是一个固定的词

正确句子为:Is Paris a city of France?of表示所属专有名词要大写位于句首要大写。

city of ...province, China

in which = where 所以是对的

领导狗在美国的生活是不是一件坏事。很多杂货店都卖宠物美食，让主人可以讨好他们的宠物。在休斯敦，得克萨斯州，狗可以有自己的晚餐送到家，就跟披萨一样。富裕的狗做犬可以参加日托中心，同时在主人上班。宠物甚至可以和它们的主人一同去度假。高级饭店已经开始适应人和牲畜。在四季饭店毛茸茸的客人可以享用以精致瓷器和服务在柔软的床上睡觉的美食。

我赞同楼上的说法。with是一个介词，后面跟名词做宾语，所以你可以说with excitement，但是exciting是一个形容词，是不可以在介词后面的。因此，只有第一种说法是正确的。

1. 句意就是：－我昨天去火车站接我朋友的时候撞到树了.－我猜你当时一定开的太快. 其实我觉得,语法的东西真的很灵活,你用drove也没有语法错的..但是呢...只能说更好,更强调当时事情发生的过程,用过去进行时...语法的规定,就是这个句子要用过去式,因为事情发生在过去,但是什么时态,没有规定..drive也算是一个有延续性的动作啦,有个过程的,开车开得很快,那是有延续一个时间得对不,不是一下子,在某个时间点上开快,而是一直开得很快,懂我意思不...所以呢,相对的用进行时比较好,表示动作一直在进行...要是你说开门,open the door那就不同了, 开门这是一个很短的动作,不是开老半天的,那就不会用进行时来表达...额,能看出点不同不? 2. 这个问题,首先,你说用find,这是有表达上的不对的.find意思是“找到”,强调“结果”的“找到”,一般会说“i find it!” 意为我找到什么东西了..是“找到”!可是你现在只是说去查询,是强调“查询”这个动作的,结果如何,找不找到,你根本还不知道,所以不能用find.而check呢,就有,检查,核对的意思,是一个非常好的用法,外国人说有东西他们不确定,要再去检查,make sure一下的时候,就用“double check”. 不要太限制自己对于单词意思的理解,其实用起来很灵活.这里我觉得你还可以用一个说法,就是look up.同样有查询的意思,i can ask my father to look it up for you.但是look up就没有check好了,因为这个是有种“第一次“查的感觉,而check是有”已经查过,再确认“的意思...所以,用check最好!但是find是绝对不行. 3. It真的用法超多,我可以说这是一个很固定的用法,it可以代指很多东西,天气啊,时间啊,还有这种表示“不确定情况”的句子...为什么不用that...没有为什么.语言的东西...it"s sunny today...没人说“that"s sunny today"吧～”it"s nine o"clock."也没有说“that"s nine o"clock"吧...抱歉...我没办法解释呀. 4. 这个很多人帮你解答了～没有both否定的用法哦!both只用于肯定,是固定的用法!neither就是创造出来给人用来否定的,你想想要是我说, neither of them is not correct.你觉不觉得意思很绕?所以呢,这种时候你就要记住比较好啦,both只用于肯定的表达,你可以说both of them are wrong,可是不要再用not correct去说.懂不?,7,几道英语语法上的问题求解释 1.——i knocked into a tree when i went to the railway station for my friend. ——i suppose you were driving so fast.这里为什么用driving而不用drove?语法上是怎样规定的?还有我对这个句子的意思不太明白,麻烦翻译一下. 2.——how long does it take to fly to canada? ——sorry,i don"t know.but i can ask my father to check it for you.这里为什么用check而不用find?check不是检查的意思吗?find 是找到,用在这里比较贴切吧?还是有固定搭配呢? 3.——oh,there"s someone in the room. ——it must be my brother.这里用it是规定的吗?为什么不用that? 4.——are the two answers correct? ——neither is correct.这里为什么不能用both are not correct?有固定的语法吗?

intend 本身是动词，一般按照英语常理，有些动词加ed/d变成过去形式可以作为形容词使用。其他例子有比如：marked（被标记了的），tested（被测试了的），等等。test本身可以作为动词或者名字，而加了ing形式它就在句中变成必然的名字形式，因为intended是形容词是修饰名字的。any risks 后面复数，单数取决于是is或者are。没杠杠也没区别改成describes the step by step process for the way of testing the software

commercially副词修饰available

第一个是宾从， 后一个是同位语从句 即belief和that引导的内容是相等关系 我的信念就是......

In America（地点状语） when a mistake has made(时间状语),it （代词，指代后面的 aknowledge his or her error and to apologize to anyone）is considered fitting for the person as fault to acknowledge his or her error and to apologize to anyone who has been inconvenienced（who这一句是作为定语从句修饰前面的anyone）.it is considered as fault to……by the way，acknowledge拼错了。。

safe and sound应该是形容词啊

agile

在口语中 这样表达并不错这里kike是连词=as 再如i cannot do it like you do.

"In recent"改成recently最后一句on改成about

非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词（现在分词和过去分词），.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分　　它有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词　　 1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有： 　　（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如： 　　They built a garden. 　　They suggested building a garden. 　　（2）都可以被状语修饰： 　　The suit fits him very well. 　　The suit used to fit him very well. 　　（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如： 　　He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态） 　　He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） 　　We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时） 　　Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式） 　　（4）都可以有逻辑主语 　　They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语） 　　The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语） 　　We are League members.（谓语动词的主语） 　　We being League member, the work was well done. 　　（现在分词的逻辑主语） 　　2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有： 　　（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 　　（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 　　（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。 　　（4）谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。在句子中不是谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词 　　　2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有： 　　（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 　　（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 　　（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。 　　（4）谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。 功能及用法 　　(一)动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 　　否定式：not + (to) do 　　（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后， 　　例如： 　　I"m glad to meet you. 　　　（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如： 　　The boy pretended to be working hard. 　　　（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如： 　　　He is pleased to have met his friend. 　　2．不定式的句法功能： 　　（1）作主语： 　　　　To lose your heart means failure. 　　动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式： 　　It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 　　　常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。　　（2）作表语： 　　Her job is to clean the hall. 　　He appears to have caught a cold. 　　（3）作宾语： 　　常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如： 　　Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 　　动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如： 　　I have no choice but to stay here. 　　　　动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如： 　　He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 　　（4）作宾语补足语： 　　在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 　　此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如： 　　With a lot of work to do, he didn"t go to the cinema． 　　有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如： 　　I saw him cross the road. 　　He was seen to cross the road. 　　（5）作定语： 　　动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系： 　　①动宾关系： 　　I have a meeting to attend. 　　注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如： 　　He found a good house to live in. 　　The child has nothing to worry about. 　　What did you open it with? 　　如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词： 　　He has no place to live. 　　This is the best way to work out this problem. 　　如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式： 　　　Have you got anything to be sent? 　　②说明所修饰名词的内容： 　　We have made a plan to finish the work. 　　③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语： 　　He is the first to get here. 　　（6）作状语： 　　①表目的： 　　He worked day and night to get the money. 　　She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 　　注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致： 　　wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. 　　right：To save money, he has tried every means. 　　wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. 　　right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 　　②表结果： 　　He arrived late to find the train gone. 　　常用only放在不定式前表示强调： 　　I visited him only to find him out. 　　③表原因： 　　They were very sad to hear the news. 　　④表程度： 　　It"s too dark for us to see anything. 　　The question is simple for him to answer. 　　（7）作独立成分： 　　To tell you the truth, I don"t like the way he talked. 　　（8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。 　　If you don"t want to do it, you don"t need to. 　　（9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。 　　He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 　　（二）动名词： 　　动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。 　　1．动名词的形式： Ving　　否定式：not + 动名词 　　（1）一般式： 　　Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 　　（2）被动式： 　　He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会。 　　（3）完成式： 　　We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。 　　（4）完成被动式： 　　He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 　　他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 　　（5）否定式：not + 动名词 　　I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 　　（6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词 　　He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。 　　His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 　　他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。 　　2．动名词的句法功能： 　　（1）作主语： 　　Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 　　Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 　　当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 　　It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。 　　（2）作表语： 　　In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs. 　　在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。 　　（3）作宾语： 　　They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 　　We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 　　我们必须阻止空气被污染。 　　注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如： 　　We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 　　要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语： 　　enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like 　　（4）作定语： 　　He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 　　Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？ 　　（5）作同位语： 　　The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。 　　His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged． 　　他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 　　（三）现在分词： 　　现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 　　1、现在分词的形式： 　　否定式：not + 现在分词 　　（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成 　　式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如： 　　They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 　　Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。 　　（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动 　　词之前的被动的动作。 　　The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 　　Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 　　被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。 　　2．现在分词的句法功能： 　　（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语 　　放在名词后。 　　In the following years he worked even harder. 　　在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 　　The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor"s father. 　　正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 　　现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. 　　（2）现在分词作表语： 　　The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。 　　The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 　　be + doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 　　（3）作宾语补足语： 　　如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语： 　　see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如： 　　Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？ 　　He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 　　（4）现在分词作状语： 　　①作时间状语： 　　(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 　　在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。 　　②作原因状语： 　　Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。 　　③作方式状语，表示伴随： 　　He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。 　　④作条件状语： 　　(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 　　要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 　　⑤作结果状语： 　　He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。 　　⑥作目的状语： 　　He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 　　⑦作让步状语： 　　Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 　　虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。 　　⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格： 　　I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head． 　　我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。 　　All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 　　所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。 　　Time permitting, we"ll do another two exercises. 　　如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。 　　有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词宾格）+分词形式 　　With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 　　⑨作独立成分： 　　udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 　　从外表看，他一定是个演员。 　　Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来，女孩子更细心。 　　（四）过去分词： 　　过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。 　　过去分词的句法功能： 　　1．过去分词作定语： 　　Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 　　Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 　　注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 　　2．过去分词作表语： 　　The window is broken. 窗户破了。 　　They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 　　注意：be + 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别： 　　The window is broken.（系表） 　　The window was broken by the boy.（被动） 　　有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如： 　　boiled water（开水） fallen leaves（落叶） 　　newly arrived goods（新到的货） the risen sun（升起的太阳） 　　the changed world（变了的世界） 　　这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。 　　3．过去分词作宾语补足语： 　　I heard the song sung several times last week. 　　上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 　　有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语： 　　With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。 　　4．过去分词作状语： 　　Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. 　　受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因） 　　Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 　　一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间） 　　Given more time, I"ll be able to do it better. 　　如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件） 　　Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 　　虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步） 　　Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。

从句的分类 某一成分是句子, 该句称之为从句， 从句共分三大类，性质分为形/名/副。 名词从句有四种，主/宾/表与同位语。 从句需有引导词，引词引导各从句， 从句依附于主句，语序一律从陈述， 从句仍可带从句，以上特征请记住。 从句作主语为主从，作宾语即宾语从句。 系词之后是表从，名词之后辨仔细， 说明名词是定从，名词之内容是同位句。 状语从句共九种，地点、时间与目的， 比较、原因及条件，方式、结果与让步。 注意掌握各引词，复合句子难变易。 1.名词性从句: ⑴What he said is true.(主语从句） 常用从属连词：that/who/whom/whose/what/whether/if/which/when/where/why/ how/whatever等 ⑵That is why he was late for school.(表语从句） 常用从属连词：that/who/whom/whose/what/whether/which/when/where/why/how/because/as if等) ⑶He said (that) he would do his best.（宾语从句） 常用从属连词：that/who/whom/whose/what/whether/if/which/when/where/why/ how/whatever等) ⑷The news that our team won the match is inspiring .(同位语从句） 常用that引导;在have no idea句型中，可使用how/when/where等连词来引导) 2 .形容词性从句: ⑴Do you know the man who is standing under that tall tree?(限制性定语从句） 常用 关系词：that/who/whom/whose/ which/when/where/why/ as等) ⑵His father , who works in Jinan , will be back tomorrow .(非限制性定语从句） 常用从属连词：who/whom/whose/which/when/where/ as等) 3.副词性从句 ⑴You may stay where /wherever you like .(地点状语从句） 常用从属连词：where/wherever) ⑵As /While /When I was reading a book, he came in.(时间状语从句） 常用从属连词：as/as soon as/after/while/when/since/until/no sooner...than/hardly...when/whenvere以及every time/directly/immediately/instantly/the moment/the instant等) ⑶The old worker spoke slowly so that /in order that the studentsmight understand him.(目的状语从句） 常用从属连词：that/ so that/in order that/in case/less/for fear that等) ⑷I don"t write so well as she does.(比较状语从句常用句型：as...as/not so...as/more than/more and more/the more...,the more....等) ⑸As/Since he was not at home, I told his mother about it.(原因状语从句） 常用从属连词：as/because/since/nowthat/considering that) ⑹We"ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. (条件状语从句） 常用从属连词：if/unless/as(so) long as/ suppose(that)/supposing(that)/ on condition that.等) ⑺Most plants need air just as they need water.(方式状语从句） 常用从属连词：as/as if/as though) ⑻We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.(结果状语从句） 常用从属连词：that/sothat/so...that/such...that/) ⑼It is not true , no matter who (=whoever) may say so .(让步状语从句 ） 常用从属连词：though/although(although不用于句末）/as（as用于倒装句）/whether...or/ even if/even though/no matter+疑问词/疑问词+ever）定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。 一、 限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导 二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分 2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。 3. 有时as也可用作关系代词 4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物 同位语从句指的是从句在复合句中作同位语，它是同位语的一种表现形式。这种作同位语的从句看起来似乎并不复杂，但在阅读和翻译中，如果我们缺少对它的分析，就有可能造成误解。现将这种从句分析如下： A.同位语从句的实质 从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。如果用变通的办法，把名词(短语)和“主语+be+表语”结构联系起来，就可以看出这种同位关系。试比较： We all know the theory that matter is made up of atoms and molecules. (=We all know the theory, and the theory is that matter is made up of atoms and molecules.) 我们大家都知道物质是由原子和分子构成的这一理论。 The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in the region has been discussed.(=The suggestion is that we should develop the natural resources in the region, and the suggestion has been discussed.)关于我们应该开发本地区资源的建议已经讨论过了。 The problem whether natural rubber is a polymer with linear chain molecules has been solved.(=The problem is whether natural rubber is a polymer with linear chain molecules, and the problem has been solved.)天然橡胶是否是线型链状分子的聚合物，这个问题已经解决了。 I have no idea when she will be back.(=I have to idea, and the idea is when she will be back.)我不知道她什么时候会回来。 B.引导同位语从句的连接词 引导同位语从句的连接词最常见的是that。That是一个纯引导词(pure introductory word)，在同位语从句中常可省去，尤其是在口头语中。例如： I had the impression (that)your government was undecided about assisting us. 我的印象是，你们政府还没有决定援助我们。 “Billing and cooing! That"s the way (that) you think of it! That"s the way (that) you talk of it! As though it were something you had to do.”“谈情说爱!这是你的想法!这是你的说法!仿佛这是你的义务似的”。 连接词when, where, why, whether, how 等也可引导同位语从句，这些连接词除有连接主句和同位语的语法功能外，还有一定的“疑问”意义。例如： He has solved the question why he is ill. 他已经解决了他为什么生病的问题。 Have you any idea how fast sound travels? 你知道声音传播有多快吗? 连词but that 也可引导同位语从句，人它通常出现在“否定词+doubt (deny, question)等名词”结构之后。这时，but 无否定含义，仅起强调作用，常可省去；有时也可省去that而保留but。例如： There is no question (but) that the four modernizations will be realized in China by the end of the century. 中国在本世纪内实现四个现代化，这是没有问题的。 There is no doubt but (that) we will succeed in designing the project.毫无疑问，我们能把这项工程设计出来。 C.同位语从句的先行词 同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。例如： Wives lived in fear that their husbands might be killed. 妻子们担心丈夫会战死， 提心吊胆地过日子。 How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn"t feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的? Is there any reason that he chose that honest old prime minister to go and find out? 他挑选那位诚实的老宰相去了解真相，有什么缘故吗? 代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。例如： We take it that you will act according to the final agreement. 我们认为你方是会按照最后协议行事的。 In measuring electromotive force with a voltmeter, we should see to it that the voltmeter is placed in parallel with the electric source. 用伏特计测量电动势时， 务必使伏特计与电源并联。 I owe it to you that I am still alive. 幸亏你，我现在还活着。 有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。我们认为，这种it后的that 从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。试比较： You must se to it that the children don"t catch cold.(=You must see to it, and I t is that the children don"t catch cold.)你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。 D.“复合介词+the fact+that从句”结构从总体来看，这种结构属介词短语。如果分开来理解，其中的the fact 用作复合介词的宾语，同时兼作其后that从句的先行词，that从句为同位语从句。例如： It is chiefly due to the fact that the sun gets higher in the sky in summer and shines more directly down on that part of the earth. 这主要是由于夏天太阳在空中的位置较高，同时更加直接地照射着地球的那一部分。 We must never overlook our small weak points because of the fact that we have ma de big achievements. 我们不可因为有了大的成绩就忽视小的缺点。 Owing to the fact that I had lost his address, I didn"t know where I could find him.由于我把他的地址遗失了，所以我不知到哪里去找他。 这种结构中的复合介词很多，常见的有：due to, by dint of, by virtue of, because of, on account of, in view of,等等。 E.同位语从句与先行词之间的分隔同位语从句一般都紧跟在与其同位的名词(即先行词)之后，但当先行词作句子的主语，其谓语较短，同位语较长时，同位语从句常与同位名词(短语)分隔。例如： In the first half of the last century the discovery was made that a magnet could be used to get an electric current. 上个世纪的前半期，发现可用磁铁产生电流。 The boy bore up well when the news came that his father had been killed. 当消息 传来，说他父亲牺牲时，这孩子表现得很坚强。 The theory is of great importance that the hotter a body is, the more energy it radiates. 物体的温度愈高，放射的能量愈多，这一理论非常重要。 当前一同位成分的名词中心词(即先行词)有后置修饰语(如短语或定语从句等)时，同位语从 句常可能远离其先行词。例如： For example, we know that the statement commonly accepted when the first edition of this book was printed, that life was altogether absent in the deeper parts of the sea, is not true. 例如，在海洋深处完全没有生命这一说法，在本书第一版付印时 是人们所公认的，但现在我们知道这并不正确。 An indistinct idea he had, that the child was desolate and in want of help.他心 里有一种模糊的概念，就是这孩子是无人照顾的，需要帮助。 如何区别定语从句与同位语从句（一） 同位语从句和定语从句从表面来看十分相似，但实质上是截然不同的两种从句： （1）同位语从句所修饰的词是有限的一些抽象名词，而定语从句就没有这种限制。 同位语从句经常用于下列有限的几个词后： hope（希望），idea（想法）， news（消息）， order（命令）， fact（事实）， question（问题），reason（理由），belief（相信），doubt（怀疑），evidence（根据），conclusion（结论），truth（真理），result（结果）等。 （2）句法功能不同。 同位语从句同它所修饰的名词在内容上是等同关系，在句中的语法作用处于同等地位。而定语从句说明前一名词的性质、特征，对先行词进行修饰、限制，是先行词不可缺少的定语。 （3）引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分；而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。试比较： The fact that the Chinese people invented the compassis known to all．中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句） The fact that we talked about is very important．我们谈论的这个事实很重要。（定语从句） 如何区别同位语从句和定语从句（二） 同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同，都是跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。但它们的句法功能却是不同的，我们可以从三个方面来加以区别。 （1）根据that来区别。引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接主句和从句的作用外，还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。而且这个that还常可以用which来代替。引导同位语从句的that是个连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也不能用which来代替。例如： The fact that（which） we talked about is very impor-tant．我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。（that在从句中作about的宾语） The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleasedeverybody．他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。（that只起连接作用） 再如： The news that you heard is true．你听到的消息是真的。（that在从句中作heard的宾语） Here comes the news that some tourists from Americawill come to our village．消息传来，说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。（that只起连接作用） （2）根据先行词来区别。 定语从句的先行词可以是人，也可以是具体事物或抽象概念。定语从句在复合同中相当于形容词，对这些先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用。例如： The moon is a satellite that goes around the earth．月亮是围绕地球运转的一颗卫星。 The few points that the president stressed in his reportare very important．总统在报告里强调的几点确实很重要。 同位语所进一步说明的词则是抽象意义的概念，如：fact，result，discovery，news，hope，reason，proposal，thought等。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释。例如： He has an idea that he can make the scientific instru-ment in a better way．他想到能用更好的方法制造这种科学仪器。（从句是idea的具体内容） He expressed the hope that he would come to China a-gain．他表达了他要再来中国的希望。（从句是hope的具体内容） （3）根据引导词来区别。 如果引导从句的词为when，where，why或者how，而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义，则它们为关系副词，引导的是定语从句。例如： I"ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall．我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一天。 This is the room where Lu Xun once lived．这是鲁迅曾住过的屋子。 而这些连接副词与前面的名词意义不相关时，这些词便是连接副词，引导同位语从句前面的名词往往也是idea，truth，news等。例如： The question when we will start the work is not decid-ed．我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 You have no idea how worried I was．你不知道我是多么担心。

saying 加上了ing的都是进行时，现在进行时或者过去进行时。said 是过去式

Take me hand我的手应该是my hand，如果说拉住我的手，那就而是hold my hand，或者是take my hand，如果是用手拉住我，那就是take me by hand。

toward和towards这两个词在用法和意义上基本没有什么区别,可以互换使用,但前者主要用于美式英语中,英国人多用towards.两者最基本的用法是做介词用,当然还有形容词的用法. 其它类似的用法意义基本无区别的词还有：forward 和forwards, backward和backwards, upward和upwards等. 所以这题 两个都可以