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OLED中LiF薄层的作用机理主要是哪方面呢?越详细越好!谢谢!

2023-07-29 02:16:40
共3条回复
豆豆staR

好专业啊,我也是百度来的信息,供你参考:

Optimization of OLEDs involves more efficient and balanced injection of carriers from the electrodes, higher mobility of both electron and hole into the recombination regions, and they must perform a radiative decay of exciton. The brightness and efficiency of OLEDs depend on the number density of electrons and holes in the emission layer, so that effective charge injection into the organic materials is critical for optimum device performance. Efficient electron-injecting contact is usually a low-work function material such as magnesium, calcium, or lithium. But the use of these low work function metals results in unreliable OLEDs, mainly due to the reactive nature of these materials, especially in air atmosphere. More stable materials are preferable as cathodes. However, OLEDs based on a cathode made from these materials are inefficient, and their light output is very low compared to OLEDs with a reactive metal cathode. To achieve better performance, a thin film of an insulator, such as lithium fluoride (LiF), deposited between the organic layer and the Al cathode have been used. Recently, Jabbour et al. found that for OLEDs, the use of a buffer layer of LiF is not the only route to enhance OLED"s performance and proposed a novel cathode structure for the fabrication of more efficient and bright OLEDs. This cathode is achieved by codeposition of an inorganic insulator and a metal (referred to as composite cathode). Because tunneling through an insulator is very sensitive to thickness variations, devices using a buffer layer of LiF might be difficult to fabricate with a large active area. In contrast, the use of a composite cathode eliminates the need for a thin insulating layer in OLED fabrication, thus leading to better field distribution over the device area. We will investigate the influence on efficiency of inserting the LiF layer and doping LiF into the Ca cathode.

Results and Discussions

A. Insertion effect of LiF layer

Current-voltage, luminance-current and power efficiency-voltage characteristics of the devices having LiF/Ca cathodes with different thicknesses of the LiF layer were shown in Fig. 1, respectively. For comparison, the properties of a device having a pure Ca cathode were also presented. As shown in Fig. 1, more currents flowed in the device with LiF/Ca cathode than that with a pure Ca cathode and light output was also enhanced at the same voltage. With increasing the thickness of the LiF layer, up to 0.7 nm, operating voltage was gradually lowered, and the light output was enhanced. But beyond 0.7 nm, I-V curve shifted to the right and light output decreased compared to that of the device of which the thickness of the LiF layer is 0.7 nm.

The electron injection process has been mostly in terms of tunneling and Schottky emission mechanisms. One possible mechanism for the above enhancements in our devices can be obtained from tunneling theory. LiF is a superior insulating material because it has the highest band gap energy of about 12 eV among oxides and fluorides. The presence of the LiF layer allows for a large voltage drop, across it and thus moves the Fermi level of metal cathode to the point where it is aligned with the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of adjacent organic material. The effect of the potential barrier that is present in the devices without the LiF layer is thus eliminated via tunneling. This results in more electrons being injected through the insulating layer directly into the LUMO of the organic layer leading to an increase in electroluminescence. The increase in efficiency indicates a more balanced injection of both types of carriers. From Campbell"s observation, we can suppose that the electron Schottky barrier between BCzVBi and Ca would be larger than that expected by the ideal Schottky model. Therefore, we can expect similar effects as in the device with LiF/Al cathode to be shown in the device with LiF/Ca cathode.

From Fig. 2, I-V characteristics, L-I characteristics and power efficiency vs. applied voltage for the device with the Ca/LiF/Ca cathode were shown respectively. The multilayer Ca/LiF/Ca cathode was fabricated by depositing a layer of Ca (the blocking layer) followed by depositing a 0.5 nm thick LiF layer, and then capping the device with about a 100 nm Ca layer without breaking the vacuum. The thicknesses of the Ca blocking layer were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 nm. The reference device is that with a pure Ca cathode. When compared with reference, the device with Ca/LiF/Ca cathode showed lowering of the operating voltage and the enhancement of luminance, which results in the enhancement of power efficiency and emission efficiency. The efficiency of the device with a 0.5 nm thick Ca blocking layer was the highest of all. As the thickness of a Ca blocking layer increases, efficiency of the device decreased gradually close to that of the reference. From this result, it could be concluded that only the presence of LiF in the BCzVBi/Ca interface does not necessarily enhance efficiencies of the device.

B. Doping effect of LiF

To investigate doping effects of LiF we fabricated devices with Ca:LiF composite cathode. The device structure is as follows: ITO/TPD(50nm)/BCzVBi(60nm)/Ca:LiF/Ca. In this experiment, the LiF/Ca ratio and the thickness of Ca:LiF composite cathode layer were used as manipulating variables.

We investigated the effects of Ca:LiF composite cathode thickness variation on efficiencies of the device. From above result, we obtained the optimum Ca:LiF composite cathode thickness, 30 nm. It is thought that the LiF/Ca ratio of Ca:LiF composite cathode affects the efficiency more than the thickness. Therefore, we concentrated on finding the optimum of the LiF/Ca ratio. We investigated the effect on efficiencies of LiF/Ca ratio for the ratios of 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 2.0 %, 4.0 %, 8.0 %, 10 %, 14%, and 20 %. As shown in the Fig. 3, the optimum LiF/Ca ratio was ca. 2 %.

It can be inferred that the barrier height is reduced and the electron injection is increased from I-V and L-I characteristics. But, in contrast to previous devices inserting a thin LiF layer between the cathode and the organic layer, the increased electron injection in devices with Ca:LiF composite cathode cannot be explained using the tunneling through an insulator argument. To understand the mechanism resulting in improved performance, it is important to know the nature of the interfaces, as well as the composite cathode chemical contents by using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, angle-resolved high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and so forth.

LiF超薄层的引入较好地修饰了ITO表面,减少了阳极和有机层界面缺陷态的形成,增强了器件的稳定性。实验结果表明: LiF层有效地阻挡空穴注入,增强载流子注入平衡,提高了器件的亮度和效率,含有1 nm厚LiF空穴缓冲层器件的性能最好,效率较不含缓冲层器件提高了近1.5倍。

将厚度为0.5 nm的LiF薄层引入到双层有机电致发光器件(OLEDs)的Alq3发光/电子传输层中作为空穴阻挡/激子限制层,研究其位置对器件光电性能的影响。发现LiF薄层在不同位置均明显提高器件的发光效率,当LiF薄膜距离TPD/Alq3界面20-40 nm时,OLEDs的最大发光效率约为4.5 cd/A,是对比器件(没有LiF薄层)的1.8倍。OLEDs的电流密度随着减小LiF薄层与阴极的距离而增大。研究表明,这是因为LiF薄层可有效阻挡进入复合发光区域未复合的过剩空穴并导致其积累,空穴积累可提高电子传输区域中的电场,提高其中电子的传输和从阴极的注入,从而提高复合发光区域中的载流子平衡及其复合几率;LiF薄层可将激子限制在复合发光区域,减少激子被阴极淬灭的几率。

snjk

LiF是电子注入层,Mason等认为,LiF的注入机理是界面处与Alq和Al的三元协同反应,从而释放出活泼金属Li。

小教板

LiF的作用应该主要是与Al作用生成Li自由基,增强了器件的电子注入性能,也有人提出是因为LiF的隧穿效应,增加了电子的注入能力,目前比较偏向于前一种说法。

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喷水的拼音是[pēnshuǐ]。基础释义:1、用细蒙蒙的水雾喷(如温室),往往从置于头顶上的喷雾系统向下喷,主要为了有助于保持湿度。2、围堰或堤防的故障,因而导致水通过该结构或在其下面突然涌入。例句:消防人员在空旷地带喷水稀释泻流的罐车。喷水中英互译:1、The fountain plays only at weekend.这个喷泉仅在周末喷水。2、Ultrasonic testing using the through transmission squirter technique remains the predominant method of inspection of composite materials.超声波探伤法用的是穿透传输喷水技术也是复合材料检测的主要方法。3、Founded in 1542, Antigua had, in the days of its viceregal glory, scores of splendid government buildings, churches, huge estates, fountains and plazas.安提瓜在1542年建立,在辉煌的总督时期拥有大量壮观的政府建筑物,楼房,教堂,喷水池。4、The eye is tiny, after the eye, the forehead both sides, have a meniscus spiraculum respectively, the whole body throw over have the lozenge bone board five lines.眼细小,眼后头部两侧,各有一个新月形喷水孔,身披有棱形骨板五行。
2023-07-27 17:45:121

3dmax英文词汇学习!!!

用不了这么麻烦你在机器上同时装一个中文版的3d就行了,用的时候可以对照
2023-07-27 17:45:352

ashland是个什么公司 请简单介绍下

Ashland Inc., a FORTUNE 500*, diversified chemical company provides innovative products, services and solutions to customers around the globe. Ashland has sales and operations in the United States and in more than 100 countries worldwide. Our operations include four divisions: Ashland Performance Materials, Ashland Distribution, Valvoline and Ashland Water Technologies. We"ve come a long way since we started in 1924 as a regional petroleum refiner. We are a growing, dynamic company with a vision that gives us a strong sense of who we are and an unyielding commitment to how we practice business.
2023-07-27 17:45:562

IT行业英语词汇

IT行业必备英语词汇   导语:IT行业的英语词汇有很多,下面是我整理的IT行业必备英语词汇,欢迎参考!   aachen 亚琛   abampere 绝对安培   abandoned call 废弃单元   abbreviated dialing 缩位拨号   abbreviated digital verification color code (ADVCC) 简写数字验证颜色码   aberration 像差   aberration, chromatic 色像差   aberration, spherical 球面像差   ability, heuristic reasoning 启发式推论能力   abnormal decay 反常衰变   abnormal end 异常终结   abort 中断   abort sequence 中断序列   above threshold 超临限值   abrasion 剥蚀;磨损   abrupt junction 突变结   absent 不存在   absent extension diversion 分机用户缺席转接   absent, coprocessor 协同处理器不存在   absolute accuracy 绝对准确度   absolute address 绝对地址   absolute addressing 绝对定址法   absolute assembler 绝对组合程式   absolute block 绝对区块   absolute code 绝对代码   absolute coordinate 绝对坐标   absolute dimension 绝对尺寸   absolute disintegration rate 绝对衰变率   absolute encoder 绝对编码器   absolute error 绝对错误   absolute expansion 绝对膨胀   absolute gain 绝对增益   absolute humidity 绝对湿度   absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率   absolute instruction 绝对指令   absolute intensity 绝对强度   absolute loader 绝对装入器   absolute machine code 绝对机器代码   absolute maximum rating 绝对最大额定值   absolute measuring system 绝对测量系统   absolute permeability 绝对磁导率   absolute pressure 绝对压力   absolute temperature 绝对温度   absolute temperature scale 绝对温标   absolute value 绝对值   absolute variable 绝对变数   absolute velocity 绝对速度   absolute volume 绝对体积   absolute zero 绝对零度   absolute-value circuit 绝对值电路   absolute-value device 绝对值器件   absorbability 吸收能力   absorptance 吸收比   absorption 吸收   absorption band 吸收频带   absorption loss 吸收损耗   absorption modulation 吸收调制   absorption spectrum 吸收光谱   absorption, active acoustical 动态声音吸纳   absorption, coefficient of 吸音系数   absorptive attenuator 吸收衰减   abstract data type 抽象数据种类   abstract quantity 抽象程度   abstract symbol 抽象符号   abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1) 抽象语法表示法 1   abstraction 抽象;抽除   ac brownout 交流降压,交流节电   ac converter 交流转换器   ac electric-field strength 交流电场强度   ac filter 交流滤波器   ac line filter 交流线路滤波器   ac power line 交流电源线   accelerated graphics port (AGP) 加速图形端口   accelerated life test 加速寿命测试   accelerated stress test 加速应力测试   accelerated test 加速测试   accelerated thermal cycle (ATC) 加速热循环   accelerating voltage 加速电压   acceleration 加速度   acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度   acceleration in circular motion 圆运动加速度   acceleration, angular 角加速度   acceleration, average 平均加速度   acceleration, centripetal 向心加速度   acceleration, component of 加速度分量   acceleration, fuzzy computational (FCA) 模糊逻辑加速法   acceleration, gravitational 重力加速度   acceleration, instantaneous 瞬时加速度   acceleration, tangential 切向加速度   acceleration, uniform 等加速度   accelerator 加速器   accelerator, floating-point slave 浮点附属加速器   accelerator, programmable universal micro (PUMA) 可编程通用微加速器   accelerometer 加速仪   accept 接收;接受   acceptable noise level 验收噪声水平   acceptable quality level 合格质量水平   acceptable source 验收源   acceptance angle 接收角   acceptance cone 接收光锥区   acceptance test 验收试验   accepted test 合格试验   acceptor 受体;接收器   acceptor impurity 受体杂质   acceptor, write access connection (WACA) 写入存取连接接收器   access 存取   access charge 访问费用   access code 存取代码   access coupler 存取耦合器   access delay 存取延迟   access line 接入线路   access method 存取方法   access mode 存取模式   access network 接入网   access path 存取通路   access protocol 存取协定   access time 存取时间   access, basic 基本存取   access, basic rate (BRA) 基本速率存取   access, burst 资料组存取   access, carrier sense multiple (CSMA) 载波感应多重存取   access, code-division multiple (CDMA) 码分多重存取   access, direct memory (DMA) 直接存储器存取   access, external 外部存取   access, frequency-division multiple (FDMA) 频分多工存取   access, in-page burst 页内资料组存取   access, internal 内部存取   access, multiple channel (MCA) 多通道存取   access, on-page 页上存取   access, out-page 离页存取   access, page 分页存取   access, primary rate 初级速率存取   access, sequential 序列存取   access, time-division multiple (TDMA) 时分多重存取   access, virtual direct memory 虚拟直接存储器存取   access-control mechanism 存取控制机制   accessed bit 存取单元   accessibility 可存取性   accessible voltage drop 可达电压降   accessible, readily 可存取的"   accessory 附件   accumulated jitter 累加抖动   accumulator 累加器;蓄电池   accumulator register 累加寄存器   accumulator, phase 相位累加器   accuracy 准确度;准确值   accuracy class 准确级别   accuracy grade 精度级别,精度等级   accuracy rating 额定准确度   accuracy test 准确度测试   accuracy, absolute 绝对准确值   accuracy, dynamic 动态准确度   accuracy, full-scale absolute 全标度绝对准确值   accuracy, gain 增益准确度   acetate disks 乙酸盐软盘   acetone 丙酮   acid, amino 氨基酸   acid, aspartic 天门冬胺酸   acknowledge 确认   acknowledge character 确认字符   acknowledge signal 接收完成信号   acknowledge, interrupt 中断确认   acknowledgment (ACK) 确认   acoustic coupler 声耦合器   acoustic delay line 声延迟线   acoustic input 声音输入   acoustic noise 噪声   acoustic output 声音输出   acoustic-wave filter 声波过滤器   acoustical signals 声音信号,音频信号   acoustically tunable optical filter 声音调谐光学滤波器   acousto-optic device 声光学器件   acousto-optic effect 声光学效应   acquisition phase 采集阶段   acquisition, background 背景采集   acquisition, data 数据采集   acquisition, image- 影像采集   acrylate 丙烯酸脂   acrylic 丙烯酸的,聚丙烯的   acrylic resin 丙烯酸树脂   action and reaction 作用与反作用   action at a distance 超距作用   action force 作用力   action, capillary 毛细管作用   action, line of 作用线   action, molecular 分子作用   activate 活化   activation 活化   activation energy 活化能量   activation period 活化期   activation rate 启动率   activation, neutron 中子激发   activator 催化剂,激活剂,活化剂;激励器   active 动态;主动   active acoustical absorption 有源声音吸纳   active antenna array 有源天线阵列   active carbon 活性碳   active component 有源元件   active condition 使用状态   active electric network 有源电气网络   active electronics 有源电子器件,有源电子技术   active file 现役文件   active filter 有源滤波器   active impedance 动态阻抗   active materials 放射性材料   active matrix 有源矩阵   active matrix display 有源矩阵显示器,活动矩阵显示器   active mobile identity (AMI) 有源移动标识   active partitioning architecture 有源分隔体系结构   active power 有功功率   active profile 现用文件,当前文件   active rectification 动态整流   active server page 活动服务器页,当前服务器页   active substrate 有源基片,有源衬片,有源基底   active template library 动态模板库   active termination 有源终端   active testing 动态测试   active transducer 有源传感器   active trimming 有源微调   active voltage positioning (AVP) 有效电压定位,有效电压点   active-high signal 高态有效信号   active-low signal 低态有效信号   active-matrix display 有源矩阵显示   activity 放射性   activity factor 活动因子   activity, optical 旋光性   activity-based simulation 放射性为基模拟   actual mechanical advantage 实际机械利益   actuator 起动器   actuator valve 起动器活门   actuator, dual 双起动器   actuator, pneumatic 气动起动器   actuator, relay 延迟起动器   adaptability 配接性   adaptation rate 适配率   adapter 配接器   adapter card 适配器卡   adapter description library (ADL) 配接描述程序库   adapter kit 配接组件   adapter signal process (ASP) 配接器信号处理   adapter, color composite video 彩色混合视频配接器   adapter, color graphics (CGA) 彩色图像配接器   adapter, double-scan color graphics 双扫描图像配接器   adapter, enhanced color graphics (EGA) 增强图像配接器   adapter, monochrome display (MDA) 单色显示配接器 ;
2023-07-27 17:46:051

外贸跟单员英语自我介绍4篇

  当我们面试外贸跟单员的时候,首先第一步就是要先自我介绍,这也是很重要的一步,下面是我整理的外贸跟单员英语自我介绍,以供大家学习参考。   外贸跟单员的英语自我介绍篇一   Hello, my name Is ****, It Is really a great honor to have thIs opportunIty for a IntervIew, I would lIke to answer whatever you may raIse, and I hope I can make a good performance today, eventually enroll In thIs prestIgIous unIversIty In september. now I wIll Introduce myself brIefly,I am ** years old,born In**** provInce and I am curruently a senIor student at ***I.my major Is ****.   And I wIll receIve my bachelor degree after my graduatIon In june.In the past * years,I spend most of my tIme on study,I have passed CET4/6 wIth a ease. and I have acquIred basIc knowledge of ********both In theory and In practIce.   BesIdes, I have attend several ***hold In ****, thIs Is our advantage study here, I have taken a tour to some bIg factory and company. through these I have a deeply understandIng of domestIc ****Industry.   Compared to developed countrIes such as us, unfortunately, although we have made extraordInary progress sInce ***,our ****Industry are stIll underdeveloped, mess, unstable, the sItuatIon of employees In thIs fIeld are awkard. but I have full confIdence In a brIght future If only our economy can keep the growth pace stIll.   I guess you maybe Interested In the reason Itch to law, and what Is my plan durIng graduate study lIfe, I would lIke to tell you that *** Is one of my lIfelong goal,I lIke my major ****and I wont gIve up,If I can pursue my master degree here I wIll combIne law wIth my former educatIon.   I am able to work under great pressure. Thanks for the chance.   外贸跟单员英语自我介绍篇二   Good morning, my name is huihualeung, graduated from guangdong polytechnic normal university in 2009,which is indeed a great honor to have the opportunity to interview, I would like to answer you may increase and I hope I can become a good performance today. Now I will briefly introduce myself, I am 21 years old, born in Jiangmen, east of Guangdong, and Ill receive my bachelors degree in July.   Throughout my campus life,I spent most of my time to learn, I have been through CET4 and worked in foreign trade business,I have a basic knowledge of oversea trading.   I had been majoring the Application English on the base of Trading English,including the Advance English,Economy And Trade English,Busiess English Correspondence,Selected Readings In English And American Literatures,Chinese And English Translation Course,Interpret And Listening,Advance English Writing etc.In addtion, I have got a lot of strength from this experience, such as the ability of communication, expression, and the attitude towards life and work.   Optimism, calmness, diligence and innovation strive to be my characteristics conscientiously. Iu2019d like to apply for post like manager assistant in corporation which relate to my major. With great confidence, responsibility and enthusiasm, I believe that I can bear heavy burden on my shoulder. please offer me a chance and I will give a surprise back to you.   外贸跟单员英语自我介绍篇三   It is my plesure to meet you .today i am here to apply for the position of foreign trade clerk(or assistant)。   now let me tell you a little bit about myself.i am from jiangxi province . there are four members in my family,my parents,my elder sister and i. i am always a energetic and enthusiastic person that have many hobbies .well ,i am fond of all kinds of outdoor activities such as playing tennis , doing some physicalsports and so on. (you can also say i am interested inor doing sth is also my favourite activity)this year i will gratuade from tian jin foreign studyings university, with major in foreign trade(or international trade)。   i really like this industy very much.if i am so lucky enough to be employed by your company,i will put what i have learnt together with my energy into my job and make some contribution to your company.   thank you very much!   外贸跟单员英语自我介绍篇四   General Introduction   I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering, I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.   Education background   In 1995, I entered the Nanjing University of Science & Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the Chinau2019s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study, my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester, and my overall GPA(89.5/100) ranked No.1 among 113 students. In 1999, I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test. I selected the Shanghai Jiao Tong University to continue my study for its best reputation on Combinatorial Optimization and Network Scheduling where my research interest lies.   At the period of my graduate study, my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester, I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only. This year, I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department, which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently, I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.   Research experience and academic activity   When a sophomore, I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. In 1997, I participated in simulation tool development for the scheduling system in Prof. Wangu2019s lab. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab, I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. In 1998, I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis & dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.   In 1999, I joined the distinguished Professor Yu-Geng Xis research group aiming at Network flow problem solving and Heuristic algorithm research. Soon I was engaged in the FuDan Gene Database Design. My duty was to pick up the useful information among different kinds of gene matching format. Through the comparison and analysis for many heuristic algorithms, I introduced an improved evolutionary algorithm -- Multi-population Genetic Algorithm. By dividing a whole population into several sub-populations, this improved algorithm can effectively prevent GA from local convergence and promote various evolutionary orientations. It proved more efficiently than SGA in experiments, too. In the second semester, I joined the workshop-scheduling research in Shanghai Heavy Duty Tyre plant. The scheduling was designed for the rubber-making process that covered not only discrete but also continuous circumstances. To make a balance point between optimization quality and time cost, I proposed a Dynamic Layered Scheduling method based on hybrid Petri Nets. The practical application showed that the average makespan was shortened by a large scale. I also publicized two papers in core journals with this idea. Recently, I am doing research in the Composite Predict of the Electrical Power system assisted with the technology of Data Mining for Bao Steel. I try to combine the Decision Tree with Receding Optimization to provide a new solution for the Composite Predictive Problem. This project is now under construction.   Besides, In July 2000, I got the opportunity to give a lecture in English in Asia Control Conference (ASCC) which is one of the top-level conferences among the world in the area of control and automation. In my senior year, I met Prof. Xiao-Song Lin, a visiting professor of mathematics from University of California-Riverside, I learned graph theory from him for my network research. These experiences all rapidly expanded my knowledge of English and the understanding of western culture.   I hope to study in depth   In retrospect, I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience, which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem, Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network), Supply chain network research, Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.   Please give my application materials a serious consideration. Thank you very much.
2023-07-27 17:46:181

教师面试英文自我介绍范文3篇

  一个优秀的 英文 自我介绍 可以帮助教师求职者通过 面试 寻找到一份理想的工作。以下是我精心推荐的一些教师面试英文自我介绍 范文 ,一起来学习下吧!   教师面试英文自我介绍范文(一)   General Introduction   I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.   Education background   In 1995 I entered the Nanjing University of Science &Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the Chinau2019s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study my academic records kept distinguished among the whole   department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester and my overall GPA(89.5/100) ranked No.1 among 113 students. In 1999 I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test. I selected the Shanghai Jiao Tong University to continue my study for its best reputation on Combinatorial Optimization and Network Scheduling where my research interest lies.   At the period of my graduate study my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester I became teacher assistant that is given to talented   and matured students only. This year I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excel lent Graduation Thesis.   Research experience and academic activity   When a sophomore I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. In 1997 I participated in simulation tool   development for the scheduling system in Prof. Wangu2019s lab. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. In 1998 I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis &dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.   In 1999 I joined the distinguished Professor Yu-Geng Xis research group aiming at Network flow problem solving and Heuristic algorithm research. Soon I was engaged in the FuDan Gene Database Design. My duty was to pick up the useful information among different kinds of gene matching format. Through the comparison and analysis for many heuristic algorithms I introduced an improved evolutionary algorithm -- Multi-population Genetic Algorithm. By dividing a whole population into several sub-populations this improved algorithm can effectively prevent GA from local convergence and promote   various evolutionary orientations. It proved more efficiently than SGA in experiments too. In the second semester I joined the workshop-scheduling research in Shanghai Heavy Duty Tyre plant. The scheduling was designed for the rubber-making process that   covered not only discrete but also continuous circumstances. To make a balance point between optimization quality and time cost I proposed a Dynamic layered Scheduling method based on hybrid Petri Nets. The practical application showed that the average makespan was shortened by a large scale. I also publicized two papers in core journals with this idea. Recently I am doing research in the Composite Predict of the Electrical Power system assisted with the technology of Data Mining for Bao Steel. I try to combine the Decision Tree with Receding Optimization to provide a new solution for the Composite Predictive Problem. This project is now under construction.   Besides In July 2000 I got the opportunity to give a lecture in English in Asia Control Conference (ASCC) which is one of the top-level conferences among the world in the area of control and automation. In my senior year I met Prof. Xiao-Song Lin a visiting professor of mathematics from University of California-Riverside I learned graph theory from him for   my network research. These experiences all rapidly expanded my knowledge of English and the understanding of western culture.   I hope to study in depth   In retrospect I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network) Supply chain network research Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.   Please give my application materials a serious consideration. Thank you very much.   1、 good morning my name is xx it is really a great honor to have this opportunity for a interview i would like to answer whatever you may raise and i hope i can make a good performance today eventually enroll in this primary school.   2、 now i will introduce myself brieflyi am xx years oldborn in xx province and i am curruently a xxxx.my major is xxx..in the past 4 yearsi spend most of my time on studyi have passed CET4/6 with a ease. and i have acquired basic knowledge of packaging and publishing both in theory and in practice. besides i have attend   3.i will have Patience on all of the children and my hard work will be improved if you enroll me.   教师面试英文自我介绍范文(二)   Good morning my name is xx it is really a great honor to have this opportunity for a interview i would like to answer whatever you may raise and i hope i can make a good performance today .   I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.   Education background   In 1995 I entered the Nanjing University of Science &Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the Chinau2019s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester and my overall GPA(89.5/100) ranked No.1 among 113 students. In 1999 I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test. I selected the Shanghai Jiao Tong University to continue my study for its best reputation on Combinatorial Optimization and Network Scheduling where my research interest lies.   At the period of my graduate study my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only. This year I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.   Research experience and academic activity   When a sophomore I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. In 1997 I participated in simulation tool development for the scheduling system in Prof. Wangu2019s lab. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. In 1998 I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis &dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.   In 1999 I joined the distinguished Professor Yu-Geng Xis research group aiming at Network flow problem solving and Heuristic algorithm research. Soon I was engaged in the FuDan Gene Database Design. My duty was to pick up the useful information among different kinds of gene matching format. Through the comparison and analysis for many heuristic algorithms I introduced an improved evolutionary algorithm -- Multi-population Genetic Algorithm. By dividing a whole population into several sub-populations this improved algorithm can effectively prevent GA from local convergence and promote various evolutionary orientations. It proved more efficiently than SGA in experiments too. In the second semester I joined the workshop-scheduling research in Shanghai Heavy Duty Tyre plant. The scheduling was designed for the rubber-making process that covered not only discrete but also continuous circumstances. To make a balance point between optimization quality and time cost I proposed a Dynamic layered Scheduling method based on hybrid Petri Nets. The practical application showed that the average makespan was shortened by a large   scale. I also publicized two papers in core journals with this idea. Recently I am doing research in the Composite Predict of the Electrical Power system assisted with the technology of Data Mining for Bao Steel. I try to combine the Decision Tree with Receding Optimization to provide a new solution for the Composite Predictive Problem. This project is now under construction.   Besides In July 2000 I got the opportunity to give a lecture in English in Asia Control Conference (ASCC) which is one of the top-level conferences among the world in the area of control and automation. In my senior year I met Prof. Xiao-Song Lin a visiting professor of mathematics from University of California-Riverside I learned graph theory from him for my network research. These experiences all rapidly expanded my knowledge of English and the understanding of western culture. I hope to study in depth   In retrospect I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network) Supply chain network research Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.   教师面试英文自我介绍范文(三)   My name is xuexila.i woulld like to apply for this job of english teacher for children.   My plan for the furture is that i would like to stay with children and share the moments in their lives and provide them with helpful advice. making friends with them and letting them feel you are the one they can talk and trust.Plus i like english very much.with this idea,i want to combine my love for children with my ability of english together,so i can work in a pleasant environment doing the great things i enjoy doing.   I consider myself with rich potential of qualitying out as a good english teacher.I have a heart for children,a loving and caring heart.And i would certainly place it upon my students,being their close friend and sister.while with my creative and relaxing english teaching method,students would learn english through interacting with me or the others instead of being told what to say.   I am also very open-minded and easy-going,which will make myself a popular figure everywhere.and of course i am very much the type of the girl next door.always willing to take in suggestions and create a fun classroom for our next generation.   I believe i"ve said quite enough of myself. I hope you now know more about me than just now. I would certainly cherish this job and get along very well with all people out here.I thank you very much again for giving me this opportunity to talk with you.   I look forward to hearing good news from you soon.   Thank you !
2023-07-27 17:46:351

求初三中学生英语演讲的自我介绍

Hello, teachers and pupils. Nice to meet you. My Chinese name isXXX, and my English name is XXX. I"m XX years old. I like to study . I like Maths best. Also I like reading, writing, listening to music, playing the piano and playing computer. All the classmates call me “the king of computer”. I can make beautiful pictures with Photoshop, and I can make the animations with Flash. I like sports. I like playing football, basketball and swimming. I like F1 best. I"m one of the Massa"s fans. I think Massa can drive the car fast. He is a good driver. I like to eat, so I"m fat. Do you think so? I"m tall. Now I"m 1.65 meters tall. Today it"s my first to come to Jincai Middle School. I thinks it"s beautiful, I like it very much. And I think it"s my pleasure to study here in the future. Hello everyone~ Unfortunately it"s my turn to introduce myself. This is nearly my first time to talk before such a large audience ,so I feel a little nervous , I hope you will not laugh at me. My English is not very good ,especially my spoken english. And i always couldn"t exprss myself very well in some other aspects. Speaking of my English learning, though i think i don"t have any gift in it , i am not very poor at it. I don"t like the education system in china now ,i find it make each of us feel so tired .and i think most parents and students misunderstand the meaning of study. You know ,i don"t want to be a bookworm. Sometimes i hope i can grow up quickly, but maybe i will want to be a child again after I really become an adult. Because of my personal character ,i am quite interested in computer ,but I am not lost in playing computer games. After lots of experience in using in, i"ve learned a large amount of knowledge about it. So i "d like to be a software engineer in the future. I guess it doesn"t need much ability of speaking. It just suit me. Moreover ,nowadays this career is in a big demand in the society .if i couldn"t study well in some major subjects ,i would choose to be a software engineer~ That"s all~ thank you! Hello, My name is **,郭村now in secondary school. I am a bit sub-high, 1 meter 69, ranked first in class 7. I round face, the pair of dark eyes, short hair,嵌着pair浓眉大眼, long in both sides of both ears, a mouth set in the central face, a mouth in particular can say, as long as the one to say that a hour no problem. A mouth that is above the nose. I am a smiling face every day, even if there is trouble I will not say so, on the whole is still relatively cool. I, humor, tolerance. I always like to watch other people do not look extremely angry, I think other people"s laughter is the world"s most beautiful scenery. So every day, I will become a pistachio, as much as possible to bring them joy. "Broader than the earth is the ocean, than the ocean is wide sky, the sky over the broad people"s hearts." Tolerance so narrow-minded capacity of rivers, so treat someone else"s fault, I have to pay in one joke went. I do own. Mr. Qi said; "I learn from Health, it seems I have to die." Get out of the framework of our predecessors, naturally, will not have their own world. When the bubble pop novel, I felt at that time in a waste of time, when the popular online games, I feel it is in the wasted youth. To do themselves, to see the real me,十二分show confidence in telling myself: "I am what I am, what with him?!" Throw away the vanity of those people who, carving, showed their trump card, and to pursue their personality, to do my own, the best! I am positive. I was a little sand, but unwilling to lag behind, and his inaction commonplace. I would like to make the lives of chiefs, to do a pearl tears immortal. Long Way much of its repair Come,吾将up and down while the search. I"m looking forward to the direction of Art Tower, culture top, the cause of Xiamen, on the edge of celebration and live in this era of flowers, leaving the footsteps of his down-to-earth sound to the United States and love the world洒向... ... This is what I, as long as they see me, and I always laugh, I will warm you and say hello. Said so much, you still do not understand how me. Ha ha. To understand it you know me, I also like you to make friends!大家好,我叫** ,现在在郭村中学学习。我个子有点高,1米69,在班里排第7个。我圆圆的脸蛋上,一双乌黑的眼睛,短头发,嵌着一双浓眉大眼,两只耳朵长在两旁,一张嘴镶嵌在脸蛋中央,一张嘴特别能说,只要一说起来,说上一个小时也没问题。一张嘴的上面就是鼻子。我每天都有一张笑脸,即使有烦恼我也不会说出来,总的来说还是比较帅的。 我,幽默宽容。我向来不喜欢看别人满面怒容的样子,我认为他人的笑才是天下最美的风景。所以每天,我都会变成一颗开心果,尽可能地给他们带去欢乐。“比大地宽阔的是海洋,比海洋宽阔的是天空,比天空宽阔的是人的心灵。”宽容使狭隘的胸怀容纳百川,所以对待别人的过失,我都付笑谈中。 我,要做自己。齐白石老先生曾说过;“学我者生,似我者死。”走不出前人的框架,自然也就不会有自己的天地。当流行泡沫小说时,我感觉那时在浪费时间,当流行网络游戏时,我感觉那是在虚度青春。要做自己,看清真实的我,拿出十二分的信心,告诉自己:“我就是我,凭什么跟他一样?!”抛掉那些人为的浮华雕饰,亮出自己的王牌,追求自己的个性,做我自己,最好! 我,积极进取。小小的我是一粒沙,但不甘于落后,一生庸碌无为。我愿做生命的酋长,做一粒不朽的珍珠泪。路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。我渴望朝向艺术之塔,文化之巅,事业之厦,庆功之缘,不负这繁花似锦的时代,留一行扎实稳健的足迹,把美和爱洒向人间…… 这就是我,只要一见到我,我总是笑,我会热情的和你打招呼。说了这么多,你还是很不怎么了解我吧。哈哈。那就来认识认识我呀,我也很喜欢交朋友的啦!
2023-07-27 17:46:551

庞欢的经历

擅长扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜,现负责和管理校实验室场发射扫描电子显微镜的日常测试工作。论文选列:1. Haobin Wu, Huan Pang* and Xiong Wen (David) Lou*, Facile synthesis of mesoporous Ni0.3Co2.7O4 hierarchical structures for high-performance supercapacitors, Energy Environ. Sci., 2013, DOI: 10.1039/C3EE42101E2. Junhong Zhao, Huan Pang,* Jiawei Deng, Yahui Ma, Bo Yan, Xinran Li, Sujuan Li, Jing Chen and Weimin Wang, Mesoporous uniform ammonium nickel phosphate hydrate nanostructures as high performance of electrode materials for supercapacitors, CrystEngComm, 2013, 13, 59503. Huan Pang,* Shaomei Wang, Weifang Shao, Shanshan Zhao, Bo Yan, Xinran Li, Sujuan Li, Jing Chen and Weimin Du, Few-layered CoHPO4·3H2O ultrathin nanosheets for high performance of electrode materials for supercapacitors, Nanoscale, 2013, 5, 5752.4. XiaoJin Wang, Huan Pang,* Shanshan Zhao, Weifang Shao, Bo Yan, Xinran Li, Sujuan Li, Jing Chen, and Weimin Du, Ferric phosphate hydroxide microcrystals for highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst, ChemPhychem, 2013,11, 2518.5. Weimin Du, Xiehuan Wang, Hui Li, Ding Ma, Suhan Hou, Jiangshan Zhang, Xuefeng Qian, and Huan Pang,* ZrO2/Dy2O3 Solid Solution Nano-materials: Tunable Composition, Visible-lightresponsive Photocatalytic Activities and Reaction Mechanism, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2013, In Press6. Huan Pang, * Chengzhen Wei, Yahui Ma, ShanshanZhao, Guochang Li, Jiangshan Zhang, Jing Chen and Sujuan Li, Nickel phosphite superstructures assembled by nanotubes: original application for effective electrode materials of supercapacitors, ChemPlusChem, 2013, 78, 5467. Huan Pang*, Shaomei Wang, Guochang Li, Yahui Ma, Juan Li, Xuexue Li, Li Zhang, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng*, Cu Superstructures original fabricated by tree leaves and Cu-MnO2 superstructures for high performance supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1, 5053–50608. Baiqing Yuan, Xiaoying Zeng, Dehua Deng, Chunying Xu, Lin Liu, Jiayu Zhang, Yan Gao, Huan Pang*, Electrochemical determination of glutathione based on electrodeposited nickel oxide nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode, Anal. Methods, 2013, 5, 1779-1783.9. Huan Pang*, Zhenzhen Yan, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang, Weimin Du and Sujuan Li, Cobalt pyrophosphate nano/microstructures as promising electrode materials of supercapacitor, J Solid State Electrochem, 2013, 17, 1383–1391.10. Su-Juan Li, Jun-Zhi He, Meng-Jie Zhang, Rong-Xia Zhang, Xia-Lei Lv, Shao-Hua Li, Huan Pang*,Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 102, 58.11. Su-Juan Li, Guo-Yan Zhao, Rong-Xia Zhang, Ya-Li Hou, Lin Liu, Huan Pang*, A sensitive and selective nitrite sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles and sulfonated graphene, Microchimica Acta,2013, 108, 821.12. Xinjun Wang, Zhenzhen Yan, Huan Pang*, Weiqiang Wang, Guochang Li, Yahui Ma, Hang Zhang, Xuexue Li, Jing Chen, NH4CoPO4·H2O microflowers and porous Co2P2O7 microflowers: effective electrochemical supercapacitor behavior in different alkaline electrolytes, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2013, 3768-3785.13. Guoyan Zhao, Huan Pang*, Huiyun Li, Juan Li, Bo Yan, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Jing Chen, Jianshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng*, Copper (II) oxide phosphate superstructures: their primarily application as effective antimicrobial materials, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, 8, 490-50314. Yuanying Liu, Huan Pang*, Jinfu Guo, Weiqiang Wang, Zhenzhen Yan, Le Ma, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng,* Hydrated cobalt nickel molybdate nanorods as effectively supercapacitor electrode materials, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, 8, 2945 - 295715. Huan Pang*, Shaomei Wang, Xuexue Li, Shanshan Zhao, Nannan Zhang, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang, Honghe Zheng*, and Sujuan Li, Controlled fabrication of iron oxalate hydrate microstructures and study of their electrochemical properties, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, 8, 4174 - 418216. Yi-Zhou Zhang, Huan Pang*, Yanqiu Sun, Wen-Yong Lai, Ang Wei, Wei Huang*, Porous tin oxide nanoplatelets as excellent-efficiency photoelectrodes and gas sensors,Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, 8, 3371 - 337817. Huan Pang*, Zhenzhen Yan, Yuanyuan Wei, Xuexue Li, Juan Li, Li Zhang, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng*, The morphology evolution of nickel phosphite hexagonal polyhedrons and their primary electrochemical capacitor applications, Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2013, 30, 287–295.18. Huan Pang*, Yuanyin Liu, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Yaning Ai, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng*, Cobalt phosphite microarchitectures assembled by ultralong nanoribbons and their application as effective electrochemical capacitor electrode materials,Nanoscale,2013, 5, 503–507.19. Huan Pang*, Zhenzhen Yan, Weiqiang Wang, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng*, Facile fabrication of NH4CoPO4·H2O nano/microstructures and their primarily application as electrochemical supercapacitor, Nanoscale, 2012, 4, 5946-5953.20. Huan Pang*, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang, Honghe Zheng* and Jimin Du, Facile synthesis of porous ZnO-NiO composite micropolyhedrons and their application for high power supercapacitor electrode material, Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 13221–13542.21. Huan Pang*, Yunfeng Shi, Jimin Du, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang, Honghe Zheng* and Baiqing Yuan, Porous nickel oxide microflowers synthesized by calcination of coordination microflowers and their applications as glutathione electrochemical sensor and supercapacitors, Electrochimica Acta, 2012,85, 265.22. Huan Pang, Feng Gao, Qun Chen, Rongmei Liu and Qingyi Lu,* Dendrite-like Co3O4 nanostructure and its applications in sensors, supercapacitors and catalysis, Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 5862-5868.23. Huan Pang*, Jiawei Deng, Jimin Du, Sujuan Li, Juan Li, Yahui Ma , Jiangshan Zhang and Jing Chen, Porous nanocubic Mn3O4-Co3O4 composites and their application as electrochemical supercapacitor, Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 10175.24. Huan Pang*, Weiqiang Wang, Zhenzhen Yan, Hang Zhang, Xuexue Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Bing Zhang, Porous Mn3[Co(CN)6]2 nH2O nanocubes as a rapid organic dyes adsorption material, RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 9614-9618.25. Huan Pang*, Bo Zhang , Jimin Du , Jing Chen , Jiangshan Zhang and Sujuan Li, Porous nickel oxide nanospindles with huge specific capacitance and long-life cycle, RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 2257-2261.26. Huan Pang*, Jiawei Deng , Shaomei Wang , Sujuan Li , Jimin Du , Jing Chen and Jiangshan Zhang, Facile synthesis of porous nickel manganite materials and their morphology effect on electrochemical properties, RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 5930-5934.27. Huan Pang*, Jiawei Deng, Bo Yan, Yahui Ma, Guochang Li, Yaning Ai, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang, Honghe Zheng* and Jimin Du, Cupric oxide nanorods on double-face copper micropuzzles electrode as promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci.,2012, 7, 10735-1074728. Huan Pang*, Zhenzhen Yan, Weiqiang Wang, Yuanyuan Wei, Xuexue Li, Jing Chen, Jiangshan Zhang and Honghe Zheng,* Template-free controlled fabrication of NH4MnPO4·H2O and Mn2P2O7 micro-nanostructures and study of their electrochemical properties, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci.,2012,7, 12340 - 1235329. Sujuan Li, Yunfeng Shi, Lin Liu, Lingxiao Song, Huan Pang * and Jimin Du, Electrostatic self-assembly for preparation of sulfonated graphene/gold nanoparticle hybrids and their application for hydrogen peroxide sensing, Electrochimica Acta, 2012, 85, 628.30. Dehua Deng, Huan Pang*, Jimin Du, Jiawei Deng, Sujuan Li, Jing Chen and Jiangshan Zhang, Fabrication of cobalt ferrite nanostructures and comparison of their electrochemical properties, Crys. Rese. Tech., 2012, 47, 1037.31. Dehua Deng, Ning Xia , Sujuan Li, Chunying Xu, Ting Sun, Huan Pang,* and Lin Liu, Simple, Fast and Selective Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate at Physiological pH Using Unmodified Gold Nanoparticles as Colorimetric Probes and Metal Ions as Cross-Linkers, Sensors, 2012, 12, 15078.32. Huan Pang, Feng Gao, Qingyi Lu*, Glycine-assisted double-solvothermal approach for various cuprous oxide structures with good catalytic activities, CrystEngChem, 2010, 406-41133. Huan Pang, Qingyi Lu*, Changyun Chen, Xiaoran Liu, Feng Gao*, Facile synthesis of Ni3(BO3)2 nanoribbons and their antimicrobial, electrochemical and electrical properties, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 13889.34. Huan Pang, Qingyi Lu*, Feng Gao*, Graphene oxide induced growth of one-dimensional fusiform zirconia nanostructures for highly selective capture of phosphopeptides, Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 1177235. Huan Pang, Yecheng Li, Qingyi Lu*, Lina Guan, Feng Gao*, TiO2/Ni nanocomposites: good biocompatibility and recyclable photocatalysts,Catal. Commun., 2011, 12, 611-61536. Huan Pang, Qingyi Lu*, Yizhou Zhang, Yecheng Li, Feng Gao*, Selective synthesis of nickel oxide nanowires and length effect on their electrochemical properties, Nanoscale, 2010, 2, 920-92237. Huan Pang, Qingyi Lu*, Jianjun Wang, Yecheng Li, Feng Gao*, Glucose-assisted synthesis of metal copper nanostructures for applications as nonenzymatic glucose biosensor, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 2010-2012.38. Huan Pang, Feng Gao, Qingyi Lu*, Morphology effect on antibacterial activity of cuprous oxide, Chem. Commun., 2009, 1076-107839. Huan Pang, Qingyi Lu*, Yecheng Li, Feng Gao*, Facile synthesis of nickel oxide nanotubes and their antibacterial, electrochemical and magnetic properties, Chem. Commun., 2009, 7542-754440. Huan Pang, Feng Gao, Lina Guan, Yiming Huang, Qingyi Lu*, Magnetic field-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic microwire arrays, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2009, 482, 118-122Feng Gao*,Huan Pang, Shuoping Xu, Qingyi Lu*, Copper-based nanostructures: promising antibacterial agents and photocatalysts, Chem. Commun., 2009, 3571-3573
2023-07-27 17:47:021

hybrid materials 和 composite的区别

复合材料(Composite materials),是以一种材料为基体(Matrix),另一种材料为增强体(reinforcement)组合而成的材料。各种材料在性能上互相取长补短,产生协同效应,使复合材料的综合性能优于原组成材料而满足各种不同的要求。复合材料的基体材料...
2023-07-27 17:47:271

什么是 复合材料拍门

学习了
2023-07-27 17:47:373

有人知道什么是soft materials, hard materials吗?我要的不是翻译,我想知道的是他们具体指的是什么?

资料是网上查的,不好意思。 这样专业的问题建议问老师或相关专业人士。 半导体有好多种类,归类要看具体那一种吧。
2023-07-27 17:47:482

在复合材料原理中扫描电镜的分辨率是多少

分辨率是扫描电镜最基本的性能判断指标,首先我们要弄清扫描电镜分辨率的一些细节问题。通常有关分辨率的问题,都会遵循瑞利判据。即一个光点按照衍射理论会是一个衍射斑,两个光点逐步靠近时,对应的衍射斑也从分离趋于重合。当两个衍射斑的半高宽重叠,则认为不可区分了。此时两个衍射斑之间的距离即为分辨率。 但一般单帧图像的仪器才完全符合此规律,比如TEM、光学显微镜等。扫描电镜的分辨率以瑞利判据为基础,但也却略有不同。扫描电镜是属于电子束移动型的,并不完全适用半高宽重合的概念。 扫描电镜的分辨率分为理论分辨率、验收分辨率,和一般测试过程中能达到的分辨率。1. 理论分辨率 扫描电镜的理论分辨率只能用电子束束斑所能达到的最小尺寸来进行描述,其达到样品上的束斑的直径理论上为:b9827a5e-d07e-4392-b391-100466e5b29837b6e031-5c12-4b62-a75d-6df24182153e 其中,d为理想状况下电子源汇聚点经过电磁透镜成像后的束斑大小、CS为电镜的球差系数、CC为色差系数、ΔV为灯丝单色性、V为加速电压、I0为束流、B为灯丝亮度、α为电子束汇聚的张角,λ为电子波长(远小于其它项)。 束斑直径D越小,电镜分辨率越高。我们详细分解一下上述公式: ① 高斯束斑dk项: 在不考虑任何非理想因素时,将电子镜筒完全看成是光学成像。电子源发出的电子在经过透镜、光阑、物镜后,束斑变小,这和光学仪器中的逐次成像基本一致,如图。96234401-7e1e-4227-be63-c6d8f20668fc电子束的逐次汇聚成像根据图中,我们可以得到到达样品上的束流I0为6a3a219e-0b3a-4d3e-a1ed-1d9cfa82ebf7 其中,αa越小,αj越大,束流越小。αa对应的光阑大小,αj对应聚光镜的励磁。再根据透镜逐次成像公式,我们得到束斑直径d为3092e3da-4576-48c2-acf8-3bee3b2828cb 或者根据亥姆赫兹-拉格朗日定则同样得到束斑直径d为37b6e031-5c12-4b62-a75d-6df24182153e 由公式我们便可得知不同的电子源d0相差很大,所以对d乃至最后实际电子束的直径有很大影响。其次,工作距离越近S越小,汇聚角α越大,聚光镜励磁越强αj越大,光阑孔径越小αa越小,均是有利于减小最后的束斑尺寸。 从这一点我们也能得出一个简单的结论,在实际操作过程中工作距离越小、光阑孔径越小、束流越小,分辨率越高。
2023-07-27 17:47:552

求一篇用英文介绍自己专业的文章.300词左右。我是轮机工程专业的!!!!你给一篇机械类的也可以

大概一个模板Self-assessment:Have a strong ability to learn, willing to enrich thr professional and vocational width.Be good at team-work and coordnation. Life optimism and can actively deal with conflict work task. ......Work experience:.....Project experience:...Education background:....
2023-07-27 17:48:042

谁能帮我翻译一下。。标题也要。。谢谢。。不要用在线翻译。。

Wooden material in the packaging field of the current situation and development Abstract:This article introduces the concept of wooden materials and nature, and compare with other materials,we find some features of wood materials ,summary that the Wooden material in the packaging field of the current situation and development in the development of a number of problems, and briefly introduced in the arts and the application of wood-plastic composite materials.Key words:Wooden material ,Packaging canner ,man-made board ,Surface decoration ,wood-plastic composite materials
2023-07-27 17:48:253

聚壬二酸乙二醇酯英文怎么写

I think a lot about the old days.
2023-07-27 17:48:333

SUJU的应援歌词

你去那里的时候,有吧会发的~~
2023-07-27 17:46:292

decline的现在完成时

has been是现在完成时 表示某一事件到目前为止的状态 隐含着从过去到现在的变化 而一般现在时描述的是客观事实 并无变化可言
2023-07-27 17:46:301

not really的区别?

区别:1)not exactly: used for saying that something someone says is not completely right (用于纠正某人说过的话) 并非如此;不完全是这样 “You"re leaving, aren"t you?” “Not exactly, I"m just going on holiday.”“你要离开,是吧?”“不全对,我只是去度假。”2)not really: used for saying “no” without being very definite.事实上没有;不全是“Was he sorry for what he"d done?” “Not really”“他为自己的行为感到懊悔了吗?”“并没有”
2023-07-27 17:46:341

红了哥哥的音译歌词!!!

红了哥哥(Up oppa) [东海]:Ah,Ah [哈 肚 sei] Welcome to the Super Show! Let" Go~!! My name is DongHae. Let"s party tonight!! sa! sa! 可得吗木(e)骨鲁几楼 内噶王就有家kier楼木起搜大就温大够搜大就温大噶 汗秒话 够秀某拉胖米将摸掐给米奇就楼 该嘛肚几诶闹那里买里sei噶卡几嘛拉 (哥得噶大)大奇当 woo [赫宰]: A sa 哥r把大搜帮sei都楼丹里噶怒度内忙得楼胖sei不勒几了刚Hey won"t you take me to funky town I"m infomational Baby 123 Let"s go! [ALL]:内噶都他哈秒 大 为吃 [欧巴 欧巴] Tokyo,London,New York,Paris,[欧巴 欧巴] I"m so cool,I"m so cool,Party like a superstar, 嘿噗你得大我哟拉 够大 [欧巴 欧巴] [赫宰]:一里就里一噗因嫩够sei噶搜哈拉有里就里大里秒搜Shawty Shawty哈拉 [欧巴 欧巴]拉骨大 不楼 骨切求gi[欧巴] 奇被卡奇嘛拉够哈奇嘛 某den比也[欧巴] [东海]:A sa ki本就擦 该搜他里噶怒度内忙得楼胖sei不勒几了刚 Hey won"t you take me to funky town I"m infomational Baby 123 Let"s go! [ALL]:内噶都他哈秒 大 为吃 [欧巴 欧巴] Tokyo,London,New York,Paris,[欧巴 欧巴] I"m so cool,I"m so cool,Party like a superstar, 嘿噗你得大我哟拉 够大 [欧巴 欧巴] [ALL]:内噶都他哈秒 大 为吃 [欧巴 欧巴] Tokyo,London,New York,Paris,[欧巴 欧巴] I"m so cool,I"m so cool,Party like a superstar, 嘿噗你得大我哟拉 够大 [欧巴 欧巴] [东海]:I say DongHae you say 欧巴 DongHae [欧巴] DongHae [欧巴] [赫宰]:I say EunHyuk you say 欧巴 EunHyuk [欧巴] EunHyuk [欧巴] (现场: I say 表奇 you say 欧巴表奇 [欧巴] 表奇 [欧巴]) [ALL]: I say SUJU you say 欧巴 SUJU [欧巴] SUJU [欧巴] (1,2,3 Break down) [ALL]:内噶都他哈秒 大 为吃 [欧巴 欧巴] Tokyo,London,New York,Paris,[欧巴 欧巴] I"m so cool,I"m so cool,Party like a superstar, 嘿噗你得大我哟拉 够大 [欧巴 欧巴] [ALL]:内噶都他哈秒 大 为吃 [欧巴 欧巴] Tokyo,London,New York,Paris,[欧巴 欧巴] I"m so cool,I"m so cool,Party like a superstar, 嘿噗你得大我哟拉 够大 [欧巴 欧巴] ====我们欧巴红了=====
2023-07-27 17:46:361

Beyonce的《Ego》 歌词

歌曲名:Ego歌手:Beyonce专辑:I Am...Sasha FierceEgoBeyoncéHey baby how you doing?You know Im gonna cut right to the chaseSome women were madeBut me, myselfI like to think I was createdFor a special purposeYou know, whats more special than you, you feel me?Its on, baby lets get lostYou dont need to call into work, cuz youre the bossFor real want you to show me how you feelI consider myself lucky thats a big dealWhy, well, you got the key to my heartBut you aint gonna need itId rather you open up my bodyAnd show me secretsYou didnt know was inside,No need for me to lieIts too bigIts too wideIts too strongIt wont fitIts too muchIts too toughHe talks like thisCuz he can back it upHe got a big egoSuch a huge egoI love his big egoIts too muchHe walks like thisCuz he can back it upUsually Im humbleRight now I dont chooseYou can leave with meOr you could have the bluesSome call it arrogantI call it confidantYou decide when you findOn what Im working withDamn I know, Im killing you with them legsBetter yet them thighsMatter a fact its my smileOr maybe my eyesBoy you a site to seeKind of something like meIts too bigIts too wideIts too strongIt wont fitIts too muchIts too toughI talk like thisCuz I can back it upI got a big egoSuch a huge egoBut he love my big egoIts too muchI walk like thisCuz I can back it upI, I walk like thisCuz I can back it upI, I talk like thisCuz I can back it upI, I can back it upI can back it upI walk like thisCuz I can back it upIts too bigIts too wideIts too strongIt wont fitIts too muchIts too toughHe talks like thisCuz he can back it upHe got a big egoSuch a huge egoI love his big egoIts too muchHe walks like thisCuz he can back it upEgo so bigYou must admitI got every reason to feel like Im that bitchEgo so strong, if you aint knowI dont need no beat, I can sing it with pianohttp://music.baidu.com/song/7986169
2023-07-27 17:46:371

衰的词语是什么

衰老、衰减、衰朽、衰微、衰败、衰鬓、衰歇、衰颓、衰竭、等衰、衰萎、衰弱、兴衰、衰退、早衰、衰亡、衰替、衰惫、衰迈、衰落、衰变、衰红、衰损、衰困、衰季、持衰、衰耄、衰冕、衰耗、衰暮、老衰、衰德、衰漓、衰迟、衰莫、衰色、起衰、讹衰、繐衰、衰惰衰止、衰旺、猥衰、衰衰、衰城、衰正、衰服、衰绪、消衰、驻衰、衰息、衰怠、样衰、衰瘵、凋衰、衰堕、衰麤、衰衽、衰条、衰疲、寖衰、衰秏、衰乱、森衰、衰索、疏衰、衰灯、焦衰、避衰、衰门、衰倦、衰恶、衰冠、衰颓、距衰、衰谬、衰髯、衰妻、暮衰、衰递
2023-07-27 17:46:442

《银河护卫队2》前面飞船大战的时候,有个白色的小人,这个人是谁?

星爵的父亲
2023-07-27 17:46:463

日语,nanidayo什麼意思

是什么 なにだよ
2023-07-27 17:46:472

reluctant to forget,all for love.是什么意思

不愿意忘记,一切为了爱
2023-07-27 17:46:484

《天工开物》上篇·作咸原文及译文

  上篇·作咸   原文   作者:宋应星   宋子曰:天有五气,是生五味。润下作咸,王访箕子而首闻其义焉。口之于味也,辛酸甘苦经年绝一无恙。独食盐禁戒旬日,则缚鸡胜匹倦怠恹然。岂非“天一生水”,而此味为生人生气之源哉?四海之中,五服而外,为蔬为谷,皆有寂灭之乡,而斥卤则巧生以待。孰知其所已然。   ○盐产   凡盐产最不一,海、池、井、土、崖、砂石,略分六种,而东夷树叶,西戎光明不与焉。赤县之内,海卤居十之八,而其二为井、池、土碱。或假人力,或由天造。总之,一经舟车穷窘,则造物应付出焉。   ○海水盐   凡海水自具咸质,海滨地高者名潮墩,下者名草荡,地皆产盐。同一海卤传神,而取法则异。一法高堰地,潮波不没者,地可种盐。种户各有区画经界,不相侵越。度诘朝无雨,则今日广布稻麦稿灰及芦茅灰寸许于地上,压使平匀。明晨露气冲腾,则其下盐茅勃发,日中晴霁,灰、盐一并扫起淋煎。一法潮波浅被地,不用灰压。候潮一过,明日天晴,半日晒出盐霜,疾趋扫起煎炼。一法逼海潮深地,先掘深坑,横架竹木,上铺席苇,又铺沙于苇席上。俟潮灭顶冲过,卤气由沙渗下坑中,撤去沙、苇,以灯烛之,卤气冲灯即灭,取卤水煎炼。总之功在晴霁,若淫雨连旬,则谓之盐荒。又淮场地面有日晒自然生霜如马牙者,谓之大晒盐。不由煎炼,扫起即食。海水顺风飘来断草,勾取煎炼名蓬盐。   凡淋煎法,掘坑二个,一浅一深。浅者尺许,以竹木架芦席于上,将扫来盐料(不论有灰无灰,淋法皆同)铺于席上。四围隆起作一堤ue401当形,中以海水灌淋,渗下浅坑中。深者深七八尺,受浅坑所淋之汁,然后入锅煎炼。   凡煎盐锅古谓之牢盆,亦有两种制度。其盆周阔数丈,径亦丈许。用铁者以铁打成叶片,铁钉栓合,其底平如盂,其四周高尺二寸,其合缝处一以卤汁结塞,永无隙漏。其下列灶燃薪,多者十二三眼,少者七八眼,共煎此盘。南海有编竹为者,将竹编成阔丈深尺,糊以蜃灰,附于釜背。火燃釜底,滚沸延及成盐。亦名盐盆,然不若铁叶镶成之便也。凡煎卤未即凝结,将皂角椎碎,和粟米糠二味,卤沸之时投入其中搅和,盐即顷刻结成。盖皂角结盐犹石膏之结腐也。   凡盐淮扬场者,质重而黑。其他质轻而白。以量较之。淮场者一升重十两,则广、浙、长芦者只重六七两。凡蓬草盐不可常期,或数年一至,或一月数至。凡盐见水即化,见风即卤,见火愈坚。凡收藏不必用仓廪,盐性畏风不畏湿,地下叠稿三寸,任从卑湿无伤。周遭以土砖泥隙,上盖茅草尺许,百年如故也。   ○池盐   凡池盐,宇内有二,一出宁夏,供食边镇;一出山西解池,供晋、豫诸郡县。解池界安邑、猗氏、临晋之间,其池外有城堞,周遭禁御。池水深聚处,其色绿沉。土人种盐者池傍耕地为畦陇,引清水入所耕畦中,忌浊水,参入即淤淀盐脉。   凡引水种盐,春间即为之,久则水成赤色。待夏秋之交,南风大起,则一宵结成,名曰颗盐,即古志所谓大盐也。以海水煎者细碎,而此成粒颗,故得大名。其盐凝结之后,扫起即成食味。种盐之人。积扫一石交官,得钱数十文而已。其海丰、深州引海水入池晒成者,凝结之时扫食不加人力,与解盐同。但成盐时日,与不藉南风则大异也。   ○井盐   凡滇、蜀两省远离海滨,舟车艰通,形势高上,其咸脉即韫藏地中。凡蜀中石山去河不远者,多可造井取盐。盐井周围不过数寸,其上口一小盂覆之有余,深必十丈以外乃得卤性,故造井功费甚难。   其器冶铁锥,如碓嘴形,其尖使极刚利,向石山舂凿成孔。其身破竹缠绳,夹悬此锥。每舂深入数尺,则又以竹接其身使引而长。初入丈许,或以足踏锥梢,如舂米形。太深则用手捧持顿下。所舂石成碎粉,随以长竹接引,悬铁盏挖之而上。大抵深者半载,浅者月余,乃得一井成就。   盖井中空阔,则卤乞游散,不克结盐故也。井及泉后,择美竹长丈者,凿净其中节,留底不去。其喉下安消息,吸水入筒,用长ㄌ系竹沉下,其中水满。井上悬桔槔、辘轳诸具,制盘驾牛。牛曳盘转,辘轳绞ㄌ,汲水而上。入于釜中煎炼,(只用中釜,不用牢盆。)顷刻结盐,色成至白。   西川有火井,事奇甚。其井居然冷水,绝无火气,但以长竹剖开去节合缝漆布,一头插入井底,其上曲接,以口紧对釜脐,注卤水釜中。只见火意烘烘,水即滚沸。启竹而视之,绝无半点焦炎意。未见火形而用火神,此世间大奇事也,凡川、滇盐井逃课掩盖至易,不可穷诘。   ○末盐   凡地碱煎盐,除并州末盐外,长芦分司地土人,亦有刮削煎成者,带杂黑色,味不甚佳。   ○崖盐   凡西省阶、凤等州邑,海井交穷。其岩穴自生盐,色如红土,恣人刮取,不假煎炼。   译文   宋先生说:自然界有五种气,于是相应地产生了五种味道。水性向下渗透并具有咸味这一事,周武王访问箕子后才开始懂得了这个道理。对于人来说,五味中的辣、酸、甜、苦,长期缺少其中任何一种对人的身体都没有多大影响,唯独盐,十天不吃,人就会像得了重病一样无精打采、软弱无力,甚至连只鸡也抓不住。这岂不正是说明首先是因为“天一生水”,即自然界产生了水,而水中产生的咸味正是人生命力的源泉吗?全国各地,无论是在京郊、内地,还是僻远的边疆,到处都有不长蔬菜和谷物等庄稼的不毛之地,然而即便在这些地方,食盐也能巧妙分布各处以待人们享用。有谁能知道这是怎么个道理呢?   盐产   食盐的种类很多。大体上可以分为海盐、池盐、井盐、土盐、崖盐和砂石盐等六种,但是东部少数民族地区出产的树叶盐和西部少数民族地区出产的光明盐还不包括在其中。在我国的广阔幅员之中,海盐的产量约占五分之四,其余五分之一是井盐、池盐和土盐。这些食盐有的是靠人工提炼出来的,有的则是天然生成的。总之,凡是在交通运输不便、外地食盐难以运到的地方,大自然都会就地提供出食盐以备人之用。   海水盐   海水本身就具有盐分这种咸质。海滨地势高的地方叫做潮墩,地势低的地方叫做草荡,这些地方都能出产盐。同样是用海盐,但制取海盐所用的方法却各不相同。一种方法是在海潮不能浸漫的岸边高地上取盐,各户都有自己的地段和界线,互不侵占。估计第二天会天晴,于是就在当天将一寸多厚的稻、麦稿灰及芦苇、茅草灰遍地撒上、压紧并使其平匀。第二天早上,地下湿气和露气都很重,灰下已经结满了盐茅。等到雾散天晴,过了中午就可以将灰和盐一起扫起来,拿去淋洗和煎炼。另一种方法是,在潮水浅浅的地方,不用撒灰,只等潮水过后,如果第二天天晴,半天就能晒出盐霜来,然后赶快扫起来,加以煎炼。还有一种方法是在能被海潮淹没的地方预先挖掘一个深坑,上面横架竹或木棒,竹木上铺苇席,苇席上铺沙。当海潮盖顶淹过深坑时,卤气便通过沙子渗入坑内,将沙子和苇席撤去,用灯向坑里照一照,当卤气能把灯冲灭的时候,就可以取卤水出来煎炼了。总之,成功的关键在于能否天晴,如果阴雨连绵多日,盐被迫停产,这就叫做“盐荒”。在江苏淮扬一带的盐场,人们靠日光把海水晒干,这种经过日晒而自然凝结的盐霜好像马牙似的,就叫做“大晒盐”,不需要再次煎炼,扫起来就可以食用了。此外,利用海水中顺风漂来的海草,人们捞起来熬炼而制出的盐叫做“蓬盐”。   盐的淋洗和煎炼的方法是挖一浅一深两个坑。浅的坑深约一尺左右,上面架上竹或木,在上面铺芦席,将扫起来的盐料(不论是有灰的还是无灰的,淋洗的方法都是一样的),铺在席子上面,四周堆得高些,做成堤坝形,中间用海水淋灌,盐卤水便可以渗到浅坑之中;深的坑约七到八尺深,接受浅坑淋灌下的盐水,然后倒入锅里煎炼。   煎盐的锅古时候叫做“牢盆”,这种牢盆的周长有好几丈,直径也有一丈多,只有两种规格和形制。其中一种是用铁做的,把铁锤打成叶片,再用铁钉铆合,盆的底部像盂那样平,盆深约一尺二寸,接口处经过卤汁结晶后堵塞住,就不会再漏了。牢盆下面砌灶烧柴,灶眼多的能有十二三个,灶眼少的也有七八个,用柴火同时烧煮一个锅。南海地区还有另外一种制法,那是用竹篾编成一个锅围的,锅围的直径约一丈、深约一尺。在锅围上糊上蛤蜊灰并衔接在锅的边上。锅下烧火到使卤水沸腾,一直到逐渐结成盐。这种盆也叫做“盐盆”,但总的来说不如用铁片做成的锅那样方便省事。煎炼盐卤汁的时候,如果没有即时凝结,可以将皂角舂碎掺和小米糠一起投入沸腾的卤水里搅拌均匀,盐分便会很快地结晶成盐粒。加入皂角而使盐凝结,就好像做豆腐时使用石膏一样。   江苏淮扬一带出产的盐,又重又黑,其他地方出产的盐则是又轻又白。从重量上比较,淮扬盐场的盐,一升重约十两,而广东、浙江、长芦盐场的盐就只有六七两重。蓬草盐的来源不太可靠,蓬草有时好几年来一次,也有时一个月就来好几次,因此不能经常指望它。   盐遇到水后就会溶解,遇到风后就会流盐卤,碰上火却愈发坚硬。储藏盐不必用仓库。盐的特性是怕风吹但不怕地湿,只要在地上铺三寸来厚的稻草秆,任凭地势低湿也没有什么妨害的。如果周围再用砖砌上,缝隙用泥封堵上,上面盖上一尺多厚的茅草,这样即使放置一百年也不会发生变质。   池盐   我国有两个池盐产地,一处是在宁夏,出产的食盐供边远地区食用;另一处是山西解池,出产的食盐供山西、河南各郡县食用。解池位于河南安邑、猗氏和临晋之间,它的四周筑有城墙用来防卫保护盐池。池水深的地方,水呈现为深绿色。当地制盐的人,在池旁耕地耕成畦垄,把池内清水引入畦垄之中。但是要注意提防浊水流入,否则就将造成泥沙淤积盐脉。   每到春季就要开始引池水制盐,时间太晚了水就会变成红色。等到夏秋之交南风劲吹的时候,一夜之间就能凝结成盐,这种盐名叫“颗盐”,也就是古书上所说的“大盐”。因为海水煎炼的盐细碎,而池盐则成颗粒状,所以得到了“大盐”的称号。池盐一经凝结成形后就可扫起供人食用。制盐的人,制成一石盐上交给官府,也不过只得几十文铜钱而已。在海丰和深州地区,把海水引入池内晒成的盐,凝结后扫起就可食用了,而不需再煎炼加工,这一点和池盐是一样的。但成盐的时间,以及它不需依靠南风吹这两点,就跟池盐大不相同了。   井盐   云南和四川两省,离海滨距离很远,交通也不便利,地势又很高,因此那两个省的盐就蕴藏在当地的地下。在四川离河不远的石山上,大多都可以凿井取盐。盐井的圆周不过几寸,盐井的上口用一个小盂便能盖上,而盐井的深度必须要达到十丈(三十多米深)以上,才能到盐卤水层,因此凿井的代价很大,要花费很长时间,也很艰难。   凿井的工具,使用的是铁锥,铁锥的形状很像碓嘴,要把铁锥的尖端做得非常坚固锋利,才能用它在石上冲凿成孔。铁锥的锥身是用破开两半的竹片夹住,再用绳缠紧做成的。每凿进数尺深,就要用竹竿子把它接上以增加它的身长。起初的这一丈多深,可以用脚踏碓梢,就像舂米那样。再深一些就用两手将铁锥举高然后再用力夯下去,这可能把石头舂得粉碎,随后把长竹接在一起再捆上铁勺,把碎石挖出来。打一眼深井大约需要半年左右的时间,而打一眼浅井一个多月就能够成功了。如果井眼凿的过大,卤气就会游散,以致不能凝结成盐。当盐井凿到卤水层能打出水后,挑选一根长约一丈的好竹子,将竹内的节都凿穿,只保留最底下的一节,并在竹节的下端安一个吸水的单向阀门以便汲取盐水入筒。用长绳拴上这根竹筒,将它沉到井底之下,竹筒内就会汲满了盐水。井上安装桔槔或辘轳等提水工具。操作方法是套上牛,用牛拉动转盘而带动辘轳绞绳把盐水汲上来。然后将卤水倒进锅里煎炼(只用中等大小的锅,而不用牢盆),很快就能凝结成雪白的盐了。   四川西部地区有一种火井,非常奇妙,火井里居然全都是冷水,完全没有一点热气。但是,把长长的竹子劈开去掉竹节,再拼合起来用漆布缠紧,将一头插入井底,另一头用曲管对准锅脐,把卤水接到锅里,只见热烘烘的,卤水很快就沸腾起来了。可是打开竹筒一看,却没有一点烧焦的痕迹。看不见火的形象而起到了火的作用,这真是人世间的一大奇事啊!   四川、云南两省的盐井,很容易逃避官税,难以追查。   末盐   用地碱煎熬的盐,除了并州的粉末盐之外,家住河北沿渤海湾一带的人们,也经常刮取地碱熬盐,但是这种盐含有杂质,颜色比较黑,味道也不太好。   崖盐   陕西省的阶州、凤县等地区,既没有海盐又没有井盐,但是当地的岩洞里却出产食盐,看上去很像红土块儿,任凭人们刮取食用,而不必通过煎炼。
2023-07-27 17:46:501

spss中P值 T值 F值代表什么? SIG值是不是P值?

这样才会觉得我好像不爱
2023-07-27 17:46:275

decline to do 还是doing?

decline to do 还是doing?答:是decline to do 。。。。
2023-07-27 17:46:231

韩国有几个super junior啊?怎么还有个胖子 韩庚那个是哪个?

就一个sj啊,其他都是小分队啊,胖胖的那个是神童啊,人家跳舞很厉害呢。SJ出道刚开始12人,后来奎贤加入,一共13人。再后来就分过几个小分队进行活动。目前两个小分队SJ-H和SJ-MSJ-H:神童 利特 艺声 晟敏 强仁 恩赫SJ-M:韩庚 始源 东海 丽旭 奎贤 周觅 Henry以前也有过SJ-KRY和SJ-TSJ-KRY:奎贤 丽旭 艺声SJ-T:希澈 强仁 利特 神童 晟敏 恩赫对了,SJ-M的周觅 Henry不是原来的13只里面的,时候加入的,这么说不知道你明白没?
2023-07-27 17:46:224

泰版流星花园演员表

主演: 彤达婉·奔提维此弓 / 瓦奇拉维特·奇瓦雷 / 吉拉瓦·苏提瓦尼沙克 / 梅塔文·欧帕西安卡琼 / 海伦基·查昂格翰 故事围绕出身贫寒的牧野杉菜而发生,她被势利的父母强迫就读一所由在政经界最具影响力的四大家族,为培养优秀后代而创立的贵族学校:英德学园(Eitoku Gakuen),四大家族的继承人──道明寺司、花泽类、西门总二郎、美作明号称“F4”(Flower 4、花之四人组),在学校有着各种特权。  但没想到他们嚣张跋扈的行为,在遇到出身贫寒的牧野杉菜后有了转变。杉菜不畏强权,独自一人挺身向F4挑战,即使受到欺凌,仍不肯向他们低头;而身为F4之首,个性跋扈的纨绔子弟——道明寺竟然因此欣赏她,不顾家族反对与杉菜坠入情网。  《花样男子》,由玉皇朝代理出版的港版日本漫画。日文原名《花より男子》(Hana-yori Danshi),是日本漫画家神尾叶子的长篇少女漫画,1992年至2004年在集英社的漫画杂志《Margaret》上连载,并发行了37册的单行本,销量超过5900万册,霸占了日本第一畅销少女漫画的宝座,被翻译成各国语言,远销海外。多次被改编成电视剧、电影、动画等。  据悉,泰国即将翻拍泰版《花样男子》,将会在泰国one频道播出《泰版流星花园》百度网盘高清免费资源在线观看:链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1C4LTz-YXX5_fllL9PMokag?pwd=e6nk 提取码: e6nk
2023-07-27 17:46:201

兰博基尼 ego什么意思

EGO自定义模式。兰博基尼AventadorS带来了重大改进,允许驾驶在四种不同的驾驶模式之间进行选择,STRADA、SPORT、CORSA和EGO。新的EGO驾驶模式允许自定义设定,可以透过选择牵引力、转向、悬吊来进行STRADA、SPORT、CORSA的个别调整。
2023-07-27 17:46:171

spss是什么软件?spss软件是用来做什么的?

  很多人看到有人在用spss,好奇spss是什么软件?spss是用来做什么的? spss是一个非常好用的统计分析软件, spss用于统计学分析运算、数据挖掘、预测分析和决策支持任务的软件产品及相关服务软件哦,下面我就来详细介绍一下吧!   spss是什么软件?   spss用于统计学分析运算、数据挖掘、预测分析和决策支持任务的软件产品及相关服务。   SPSS是世界上最早采用图形菜单驱动界面的统计软件,它最突出的特点就是操作界面极为友好,输出结果美观漂亮。它将几乎所有的功能都以统一、规范的界面展现出来,使用Windows的窗口方式展示各种管理和分析数据方法的功能,对话框展示出各种功能选择项。   用户只要掌握一定的Windows操作技能,精通统计分析原理,就可以使用该软件为特定的科研工作服务。SPSS采用类似EXCEL表格的方式输入与管理数据,数据接口较为通用,能方便的从其他数据库中读入数据。其统计过程包括了常用的、较为成熟的统计过程,完全可以满足非统计专业人士的工作需要。   输出结果十分美观,存储时则是专用的SPO格式,可以转存为HTML格式和文本格式。对于熟悉老版本编程运行方式的用户,SPSS还特别设计了语法生成窗口,用户只需在菜单中选好各个选项,然后按“粘贴”按钮就可以自动生成标准的SPSS程序。极大的方便了中、高级用户。   SPSS for Windows的分析结果清晰、直观、易学易用,而且可以直接读取EXCEL及DBF数据文件,现已推广到多种各种操作系统的计算机上,它和SAS、BMDP并称为国际上最有影响的三大统计软件。   在国际学术界有条不成文的规定,即在国际学术交流中,凡是用SPSS软件完成的计算和统计分析,可以不必说明算法,由此可见其影响之大和信誉之高。最新的21.0版采用DAA(Distributed Analysis Architecture,分布式分析系统),全面适应互联网,支持动态收集、分析数据和HTML格式报告。   spss是用来做什么的?   1、新加模块让分析技术变得更容易   PASW Bootstrapping模块方便分析人员使用Bootstrapping技术   借助PASW Direct Marketing模块,分析人员可以独立运行一些重要的分析过程   新产品PASW Statistics Developer可以轻松使用R程序或共享程序   2、提高运算速度和灵活性   自动数据准备功能(包含在PASW Data Preparation模块中),帮助您快速发现、改正数据中的错误或缺失值,并提供便于理解的报告,帮助您决定哪类数据用于分析、提供建议和可视化   3、分析和报告中增强的功能   新的非参数检验 (包含在PASW Statistics Base模块中)   后计算分类,即表格创建后计算表格中的新分类(包含在PASW Custom Tables模块中)   显著性检验(包含在PASW Custom Tables模块中)   次SPC图中的规则检查(包含在PASW Statistics Base模块中)   4、提高性能和可扩展性的新技术   改进了PASW Statistics中某些算法和过程的性能   增强的模型窗口,让您能更清晰地理解ADP、二步聚类和非参数检验的结果(包含在 PASW Statistics Base模块中),以及自动数据准备过程(包含在PASW Data Preparation模块中)   改进了频数分析、交叉列联表和描述统计(包含在PASW Statistics Base模块中)等常用分析过程的性能
2023-07-27 17:46:161

下面这段英文什么意思 求翻译

我想成为你最喜欢看的人和你不愿意说再见的人。
2023-07-27 17:46:164

向日葵的花语是什么?

花语是信念、光辉、高傲、忠诚、爱慕,向日葵的寓意是沉默的爱,向日葵代表着勇敢地去追求自己想要的幸福。向日葵别名太阳花,是菊科向日葵属的植物。因花序随太阳转动而得名。向日葵能产果,实矩卵形瘦果,果皮木质化,灰色或黑色,称葵花籽。原产北美洲,世界各地均有栽培。向日葵是一年生草本,高1~3.5米。茎直立,圆形多棱角,质硬被白色粗硬毛。广卵形的叶片通常互生,先端锐突或渐尖,有基出3脉,边缘具粗锯齿,两面粗糙,被毛,有长柄。头状花序,直径11~30厘米,单生于茎顶或枝端。总苞片多层,叶质,覆瓦状排列,被长硬毛,夏季开花,花序边缘生中性的黄色舌状花,不结实。花序中部为两性管状花,棕色或紫色。野生向日葵栖息地主要是草原以及干燥、开阔的地区。它们沿着路边、田野、沙漠边缘和草地生长。在阳光充足,潮湿或受干扰的地区生长最好。野生向日葵耐受高温和低温,但更耐低温,最佳温度范围在21-26℃之间。向日葵对土壤要求较低,在各类土壤上均能生长,从肥沃土壤到旱地、瘠薄、盐碱地均可种植。不仅具有较强的耐盐碱能力,而且还兼有吸盐性能。可以在碱性土壤中茁壮成长,抗旱性较强。
2023-07-27 17:46:162

not real和not really 的区别

real 是一个形容词. His words are real. 他说的话是真的. real 的用法呢,很多.主要是这个是真的,物质上或同类的.表示物质的真实. 而really 是一个副词. really 有时指实在,十分.表示感情的真实. I am really upset. 我实在很失落.
2023-07-27 17:46:151

看suju演唱会最好的位置 有经验者进

根据我的分析(因为我没去过 = =。),就之前在中国的机场演唱会来说,1280(好像是这个价格还是980来着,记不清了)这个价位的票我感觉是最好的。反正就是主舞台正对的看台最前面很少的那几排。因为再往前就是摇滚区(内场)了,摇滚区固然是离他们最近的,但是你要想要个好点的位置就要很早去排队,而且整场演唱会都站着,里面人又多……呃,想想就可怕,所以还是看台比较好,有座位,又相对比较宽敞。而看台中最精品的就是这几排座位,就像我说的再往前就是内场,就是说还是有一定的高度差,这样也不会有某些高个子的孩子挡住你的视线 = =。
2023-07-27 17:46:132