2015年6月英语六级翻译真题(一)：汉朝

　 　2015年6月英语六级翻译题：汉朝

　　汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞开了大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向中西亚乃至罗马，各类艺术流派繁荣，涌现了很多文学，历史，哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编纂完成，9000个字，提供释义并列举不同写法。其间，科技方面进步也取得了很大进步。发明了纸张，日晷以及测量地震的仪器，汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。

　　 参考译文一：

　　Han Dynasty enjoys a high level of significance in Chinese history during which lots of achievements and accomplishments have been made. It is a pioneer in terms of embracing other cultures and prosperity in foreign trade. The Silk Road which was opened at that time, led the way to the Middle and Western Asia and even to Rome, where a great number of literature, historical and philosophical masterpieces were springing up and all kinds of schools of art were flourishing as well. In 100 B.C., the compilation of Chinau2019s first dictionary was finished with explanation and ways of writing of 9000 characters contained. Meanwhile, with the invention of paper, water clock, sundials and the instruments used to measure earthquakes, the great progress has been made in scientific development. The Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years. However it finally ended up due to the corruption of the rulers.

　 　参考译文二：

　　Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, during whose regime there were a great many remarkable achievements. Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous. The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome. With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged. In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated. Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented. Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.

　　 解析：

　　1. 汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。

　　主干：汉朝是朝代之一。有很多成就。

　　定状语：汉朝是(最重要的)朝代之一在中国历史上。有很多(显著的)成就在汉朝统治期间。

　　译文：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, There were a great many significant achievements during its regime.

　　简单句复合：两个句子中都有“汉朝”，第二句可转换为定语从句

　　译文复合：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, during whose regime there were a great many significant achievements.

　　2. 它最先向其他文化敞口大门，对外贸易兴旺。

　　主干：它最先，贸易兴旺。

　　定状语：它最先敞开大门向其他文化，(对外)贸易兴旺

　　译文：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, its foreign trade was prosperous.

　　简单句复合：前后两句可以理解为因果关系，使用therefore

　　复合翻译：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous.

　　3. 汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。

　　主干：丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。

　　定状语：丝绸之路(汉朝开拓的)通向了中西亚乃至罗马。

　　译文：The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome.

　　4. 各类艺术学派繁荣，涌现了很多文学，历史，哲学巨著。

　　主干：巨著涌现了。

　　定状语：在(各类艺术学派)繁荣的背景下，(很多文学，历史，哲学)巨著涌现了。

　　译文：With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged.

　　5. 公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，共9000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。

　　主干：字典被编撰完成，字典共9000个字，字典提供释义并列举写法(加被加主语)

　　定状语：公元100年，(中国第一部)字典被编撰完成，字典共9000个字，字典提供释义并列举(不同的)写法。

　　译文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. The dictionary included 9,000 characters, the dictionary provided the explanations of those characters, the dictionary illustrated the different ways of writing of those characters.

　　简单句复合：“字典”和“字”多次出现，可改成定语从句

　　复合译文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated.

　　6. 期间，科技方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张，水钟，日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。

　　主干：有巨大进步。纸张，水总，日晷以及仪器被发明。(无主语，翻成there be结构或者被动)

　　定状语：期间，有巨大进步在科技方面。纸张，水总，日晷以及仪器(测量地震)被发明。

　　译文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes were invented.

　　简单句复合：后一句可改成非谓形式表伴随

　　复合译文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented.

　　7. 汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。

　　主干：汉朝历经400年，腐败导致了灭亡。

　　定状语：汉朝历经400年。但(统治者的)腐败导致了(它的)灭亡。

　　简单句复合：前后不是转折而是承接关系，舍弃“但”

　　译文：Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.

　 　重点词汇总结：

　　汉朝 The han dynasty

　　统治 reign

　　显著的 remarkable

　　对外贸易 foreign trade

　　兴旺 prosperity

　　开拓 exploit

　　丝绸之路 the Silk Road

　　罗马 Rome

　　艺术流派 schools of art

　　巨著 monumental work

　　编撰 compile

　　释义 paraphrase

　　水钟 water clock

　　腐朽 decadent

　　灭亡 doom