ment

Circuit, food, cupboard, cabint, superieures.general. Effacememt defaut.avances manuelles

出现乱码了，这还得需你判断是运行什么软件时生成的……--我倒有遇到过打开IE时生成一个乱码文件，那是升级到IE7后出现的……

**HAMLET** 1 [73] This is that Hamlet the Dane whom we read of in our youth, and whom we may be said almost to remember in [74] our after years; he who made that famous soliloquy on life, who gave the advice to the players, who thought "this goodly frame, the earth," a sterile promontory, and "this brave o"er-hanging firmament, the air, this majestical roof fretted with golden fire," "a foul and pestilent congregation of vapours;" whom "man delighted not, nor woman neither;" he who talked with the grave-diggers, and moralised on Yorrick"s skull; the school-fellow of Rosencraus and Guildenstern at Wittenburg; the friend of Horatio; the lover of Ophelia; he that was mad and sent to England; the slow avenger of his father"s death; who lived at the court of Horwendillus five hundred years before we were born, but all whose thoughts we seem to know as well as we do our own, because we have read them in Shakespear. Hamlet is a name; his speeches and sayings but the idle coinage of the poet"s brain. What then, are they not real? They are as real as our own thoughts. Their reality is in the reader"s mind. It is we who are Hamlet. This play has a prophetic truth, which is above that of history. Whoever has become thoughtful and melancholy through his own mishaps or those of others; whoever has borne about with him the clouded brow of reflection, and thought himself "too much i" th" sun;" whoever has seen the golden lamp of day dimmed by envious mists rising in his own breast, and could find in the world before him only a dull blank with nothing left remarkable in it; whoever has known "the pangs of despised love, the insolence of office, or the spurns which patient merit of the unworthy takes;" he who has felt his mind sink within him, and sadness cling to his heart like a malady, who has had his hopes blighted and his youth staggered by the apparitions of strange things; who cannot well be at ease, while he sees evil hovering near him like a spectre; whose powers of action have been eaten up by thought, he to whom the universe seems infinite, and himself nothing; whose bitterness [75] of soul makes him careless of consequences, and who goes to a play as his best resource is to shove off, to a second remove, the evils of life by a mock representation of them - this is the true Hamlet. We have been so used to this tragedy that we hardly know how to criticise it any more than we should know how to describe our own faces. But we must make such observations as we can. It is the one of Shakespear"s plays that we think of the oftenest, because it abounds most in striking reflections on human life, and because the distresses of Hamlet are transferred, by the turn of his mind, to the general account of humanity. Whatever happens to him we apply to ourselves, because he applies it so himself as a means of general reasoning. He is a great moraliser; and what makes him worth attending to is, that he moralises on his own feelings and experience. He is not a common-place pedant. If "Lear" is distinguished by the greatest depths of passion, "Hamlet" is the most remarkable for the ingenuity, originality, and unstudied development of character. Shakespear had more magnanimity than any other poet, and he has shown more of it in this play than in any other. There is no attempt to force an interest: everything is left for time and circumstances to unfold. The attention is excited without effort, the incidents succeed each other as matters of course, the characters think and speak and act just as they might do if left entirely to themselves. There is no set purpose, no straining at a point. The observations are suggested by the passing scene - the gusts of passion come and go like sounds of music borne on the wind. The whole play is an exact transcript of what might be supposed to have taken place at the court of Denmark, at the remote period of time fixed upon, before the modern refinements in morals and manners were heard of. It would have been interesting enough to have been admitted as a bystander in such a scene, at such a time, to have heard and witnessed [76] something of what was going on. But here we are more than spectators. We have not only "the outward pageants and the signs of grief;" but "we have that within which passes show." We read the thoughts of the heart, we catch the passions living as they rise. Other dramatic writers give us very fine versions and paraphrases of nature; but Shakespear, together with his own comments, gives us the original text, that we may judge for ourselves. This is a very great advantage. The character of Hamlet stands quite by itself. It is not a character marked by strength of will or even of passion, but by refinement of thought and sentiment. Hamlet is as little of the hero as a man can well be : but he is a young and princely novice, full of high enthusiasm and quick sensibility - the sport of circumstances, questioning with fortune and refining on his own feelings, and forced from the natural bias of his disposition by the strangeness of his situation. He seems incapable of deliberate action, and is only hurried into extremities on the spur of the occasion, when he has no time to reflect, as in the scene where he kills Polonius, and again, where he alters the letters which Rosencraus and Guildenstern are taking with them to England, purporting his death. At other times, when he is most bound to act, he remains puzzled, undecided, and sceptical, dallies with his purposes, till the occasion is lost, and finds out some pretence to relapse into indolence and thoughtfulness again. For this reason he refuses to kill the King when he is at his prayers, and by a refinement in malice, which is in truth only an excuse for his own want of resolution, defers his revenge to a more fatal opportunity, when he shall be engaged in some act "that has no relish of salvation in it." "Now might I do it pat now he is praying; And now I"ll do "t; - and so he goes to heaven; And so am I reveng"d? - that would be scanned: A villain kills my father; and for that [77] I, his sole son, do this same villain send To heaven. O, this is hire and salary, not revenge ... Up sword; and know thou a more horrid hent, When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage." 2 He is the prince of philosophical speculators; and because he cannot have his revenge perfect, according to the most refined idea his wish can form, he declines it altogether. So he scruples to trust the suggestions of the ghost, contrives the scene of the play to have surer proof of his uncle"s guilt, and then rests satisfied with this confirmation of his suspicions, and the success of his experiment, instead of acting upon it. Yet he is sensible of his own weakness, taxes himself with it, and tries to reason himself out of it: "How all occasions do inform against me, And spur my dull revenge! What is a man, If his chief good and market of his time Be but to sleep and feed? A beast; no more. Sure he that made us with such a large discourse, Looking before and after, gave us not That capability and god-like reason To fust in us unus"d. Now whether it be Bestial oblivion, or some craven scruple Of thinking too precisely on th" event, - A thought which, quarter"d, hath but one part wisdom, And ever three parts coward, - I do not know Why yet I live to say, This thing"s to do; Sith I have cause, and will, and strength, and means To do "t. Examples, gross as earth, exhort me: Witness this army of such mass and charge, Led by a delicate and tender prince, Whose spirit with divine ambition puff"d, Makes mouths at the invisible event, Exposing what is mortal and unsure To all that fortune, death, and danger dare, Even for an egg-shell. Rightly to be great Is not to stir without great argument; But greatly to find quarrel in a straw, [78] When honour"s at the stake. How stand I, then, That have a father kill"d, a mother stain"d, Excitements of my reason and my blood, And let all sleep? while, to my shame, I see The imminent death of twenty thousand men, That for a fantasy and trick of fame, Go to their graves like beds, fight for a plot Whereon the numbers cannot try the cause, Which is not tomb enough and continent To hide the slain? - O, from this time forth, My thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth. "3 Still he does nothing; and this very speculation on his own infirmity only affords him another occasion for indulging it. It is not from any want of attachment to his father or of abhorrence of his murder that Hamlet is thus dilatory; but it is more to his taste to indulge his imagination in reflecting upon the enormity of the crime and refining on his schemes of vengeance, than to put them into immediate practice. His ruling passion is to think, not to act: and any vague pretext that flatters this propensity instantly diverts him from his previous purposes. The moral perfection of this character has been called in question, we think, by those who do not understand it. It is more interesting than according to rules; amiable, though not faultless. The ethical delineations of that "noble and liberal casuist" (as Shakespear has been well called) do not exhibit the drab-coloured quakerism of morality. His plays are not copied either from the "Whole Duty of Man," or from "The Academy of Compliments!" 4 We confess we are a little shocked at the want of refinement in Hamlet. The neglect of punctilious exactness in his behaviour either partakes of the "licence of the time," or else belongs to the very excess of intellectual [79] refinement in the character, which makes the common rules of life, as well as his own purposes, sit loose upon him. He may be said to be amenable only to the tribunal of his own thoughts, and is too much taken up with the airy world of contemplation to lay as much stress as he ought on the practical consequences of things. His habitual principles of action are unhinged and out of joint with the time. His conduct to Ophelia is quite natural in the circumstances. It is that of assumed severity only. It is the effect of disappointed hope, of bitter regrets, of affections suspended, not obliterated, by the distractions of the scene around him! Amidst the natural and preternatural horrors of his situation, he might be excused in delicacy from carrying on his regular courtship. When "his father"s spirit was in arms," it was not a time for the son to make love in. He could neither marry Ophelia, nor wound her mind by explaining the cause of his alienation, which he durst hardly trust himself to think of. It would have taken him years to have come to a direct explanation on the point. In the harassed state of his mind, he could not have done much otherwise than he did. His conduct does not contradict what he says when he sees her funeral, "I loved Ophelia: forty thousand brothers Could not with all their quantity of love Make up my sum" - 5 Nothing can be more affecting or beautiful than the Queen"s apostrophe to Ophelia on throwing flowers into the grave. "Sweets to the sweet farewell [Scattering flowers] I hop"d thou should"st have been my Hamlet"s wife I thought thy bride-bed to have deck"d, sweet maid, And not to have strew"d thy grave. "6 Shakespear was thoroughly a master of the mixed motives of human character, and he here shows us the Queen, who was so criminal in some respects, not without sensibility [80] and affection in other relations of life. - Ophelia is a character almost too exquisitely touching to be dwelt upon. Oh rose of May, oh flower too soon faded! Her love, her madness, her death, are described with the truest touches of tenderness and pathos. it is a character which nobody but Shakespear could have drawn in the way that he has done, and to the conception of which there is not even the smallest approach, except in some of the old romantic ballads. Her brother, Laertes, is a character we do not like so well: he is too hot and choleric, and somewhat rhodomontade. Polonius is a perfect character in its kind; nor is there any foundation for the objections which have been made to the consistency of this part. It is said that he acts very foolishly, and talks very sensibly. There is no inconsistency in that. Again, that he talks wisely at one time and foolishly at another; that his advice to Laertes is very excellent, and his advice to the King and Queen on the subject of Hamlet"s madness very ridiculous. But he gives the one as a father, and is sincere in it; he gives the other as mere courtier, a busy-body, and is accordingly officious, garrulous, and impertinent. In short, Shakespear has been accused of inconsistency in this and other characters, only because he has kept up the distinction which there is in nature, between the understandings and the moral habits of men, between the absurdity of their ideas and the absurdity of their motives. Polonius is not a fool, but he makes himself so. His folly, whether in his actions or speeches, comes under the head of impropriety of intention. We do not like to see our author"s plays acted, and least [81] of all "Hamlet". There is no play that suffers so much in being transferred to the stage. Hamlet himself seems hardly capable of being acted. Mr. Kemble unavoidably fails in this character from a want of ease and variety. The character of Hamlet is made up of undulating lines; it has the yielding flexibility of "a wave o" th" sea." Mr. Kemble plays it like a man in armour, with a determined inveteracy of purpose, in one undeviating straight line, which is as remote from the natural grace and refined susceptibility of t

amid是个介词，意思是：在…期间整个句子的意思是：在化学袭击新报告期间，这个公告出来了。come amid 不是个短语。要分开理解。

NO~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

fter coming to an amicable agreement over royalties看不懂这句话里的over？请问这里的over什么意思，能去掉吗？谢谢

environmentally friendly[英][enˌvaɪrənˈmentlɪ ˈfrendli][美][ɛnˌvaɪrəˈmɛntl:ɪ ˈfrɛndli]有利于环境保护的; 双语例句1Done a pretty good job and in being environmentally friendly.我做得很不错，并且也对环境有益。

involve是包含 involvement是名词n. 牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难；参与,卷入,相互缠绕job involvement 工作投入,工作认同,工作参与ego involvement 自我涉入,自我卷入,自我涉连你只是拿出一个单词，没办法判断释义

arrange the payment 意思：安排付款双语例句We will arrange the payment asap. 我们会尽快安排付款！

你是不是想说arrange 和arrangement的区别呀? arrangement 是arrange 的名词形式,细分如下： arrange vt. 排列,分类,整理 商定,约定 准备,安排,筹备 调解(纠纷),处理 改编,改写 arrange a quarrel[dispute,difference] 调解争执[纠纷,争论] arrange a novel for the stage 把小说改编成剧本 I arranged books on the shelves. 我把书架上的书整理好. I have arranged to meet her at ten o"clock. 我约定在十点钟会见她. A marriage has been arranged between Mr Brown and Miss White. 布朗先生与怀特小姐的婚礼已筹备妥当. arrange vi. 商定,协商 准备,安排 I"ve arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 我已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们. arrangeable adj. arranger n. arrange for 安排,准备 arrange with sb.about sth. 与某人商定某事 arrangement n. 整顿,布置,排列 [常用复]安排,准备 装置 商定 调节 改编 安装,装配 电路 come to an arrangement 谈妥; 达成协议 make arrangement for 为...做好准备; 为...做好安排 make arrangement with 与(某人)商定或约好,(和某人)达成协议; 做好准备; 做出安排 make arrangement with sb.) 与(某人)商定或约好,(和某人)达成协议; 做好准备; 做出安排

安排采纳我哟！

必应词典为您提供annual-increment的释义,un.年增量;年度增长;年生长量;网络释义:按年增薪额;按年递加的增薪;年增加值;请采纳如果你认可我的回答，敬请及时采纳，~如果你认可我的回答，请及时点击【采纳为满意回答】按钮~~手机提问的朋友在客户端右上角评价点【满意】即可。~你的采纳是我前进的动力~~O(∩_∩)O，记得好评和采纳，互相帮助

必应词典为您提供annual-increment的释义,un. 年增量;年度增长;年生长量; 网络释义: 按年增薪额;按年递加的增薪;年增加值;请采纳如果你认可我的回答，敬请及时采纳，~如果你认可我的回答，请及时点击【采纳为满意回答】按钮~~手机提问的朋友在客户端右上角评价点【满意】即可。~你的采纳是我前进的动力~~O(∩_∩)O，记得好评和采纳，互相帮助

negative argument 英[ˈneɡətiv ˈɑ:ɡju:mənt] 美[ˈnɛɡətɪv ˈɑrɡjəmənt] [词典] [计] 负变元; [例句]The author lists the major negative argument with criticism.笔者罗列了主要的否定学说，并一一进行了批判。

amenity： n. 舒适；礼仪；愉快；便利设施

说实话，我也不知道什么意思。但是我查了一下好像并没有这个意思，但是有amentity，amenity是个名词：“愉快；礼仪，举止的意思”；也指“（环境等的）舒适；便利设施”，而且，似乎这个amenity是化妆界的某位名人，具体你可以百度一下。而，既然有amenity这个词，如果你保证你没有给错的话，我认为有一种可能是“amenity”和“ammenity”是美式英语和英式英语的两种不同写法，例如chily和chilly，两个词都是干辣椒的意思，但两者分别是美式英语和英式英语，只是拼写略有却别罢了，希望能帮到你。

说实话，我也不知道什么意思。但是我查了一下好像并没有这个意思，但是有amentity，amenity是个名词：“愉快；礼仪，举止的意思”；也指“（环境等的）舒适；便利设施”，而且，似乎这个amenity是化妆界的某位名人，具体你可以百度一下。而，既然有amenity这个词，如果你保证你没有给错的话，我认为有一种可能是“amenity”和“ammenity”是美式英语和英式英语的两种不同写法，例如chily和chilly，两个词都是干辣椒的意思，但两者分别是美式英语和英式英语，只是拼写略有却别罢了，希望能帮到你。

elenments-blue 生命的元素-blue Alice in here wonderland, 爱丽丝的梦幻仙境， her world is big but it"s just pretend, 她的世界广袤无垠，但它只是一场幻境， is there a day when we will understand, 是否有一天我们将明白， this circus we call life 这就是生命。 I keep on hearing time and time again, 我一次又一次地聆听， If we won"t listen， 如果不这样 then our world will end, 我们的世界将结束， we don"t say it just to make amends, 我们不需要弥补， listen through the script of prayers 只需通过文字的聆听来祈祷 It"s not necessary for an eagle to be a crow, 我们没有必要伪装/丢掉生活的棱角， the circle of life is here 生命的轮回就是这样 and respect we must show 我们必须尊重它。 Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire, 仿佛我们已经失去了我们的希望， to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而战， lost in our way of life, 迷失在我们的生活方式里， Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire,仿佛我们已经失去了我们的愿望 to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而战， the Elements of life 生命的元素。 Would you believe there are better ways, to justify what the people say, 你相信有更好的方法来证明人们所说的吗？ nothing seems unique these days, 目前是唯一的似乎就是什么也没有， in the circus we call life 这就是生命。 I"ve heard the line that I"m just a man, 我作为一员聆听字里行间 nothing changes we must make a stand, 没有任何改变，我们必须作出的立场， and if that means to fight we can 如果这意味着我们可以作斗争 it"s not necessary for an eagle to be a crow, 我们没有必要伪装/丢掉生活的棱角， the circle of life is here 这就是生命。 and respect we must be shown 我们必须尊重。 Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire, 仿佛我们已经失去了我们的希望， to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而战， lost in our way of life, 迷失在我们的生活方式里， Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire, 仿佛我们已经失去了我们的希望， to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而战， the Elements of life 生命的元素 Colours and fountains and mountains and trees, 喷泉和山区和树木的色彩， take just a second to stop and to think, 让我瞬间停下了，并思考着 God was an artist painted pictures to see, 上帝就是一个艺术家，描画了美丽的画面 look how beautiful life can be 看吧，生活原来如此美丽！||Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire, 仿佛我们已经失去了我们的希望， to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而战， lost in our way of life, 迷失在我们的生活方式里， Earth, wind, water and fire, 土，风，水，火， seems like we"ve lost our desire, 仿佛我们已经失去了我们的希望， to fight for what we know is right, 为心中的理想和信念而的， the Elements of life 生命的元素 Colours and fountains and mountains and trees, 喷泉和山区和树木的色彩， take just a second to stop and to think, 让我瞬间停下了，并思考着 God was an artist painted pictures to see, 上帝就是一个艺术家，描画了美丽的画面 look how beautiful life can be 看吧，生活原来如此美丽！||

temporary dipole moment：暂时偶极矩permanent dipole moment：永久偶极矩“temporary”和“permanent”意思完全相反。

subsequent amendments基于修正subse########很高兴为您解答祝你生活愉快，学习进步如果你对这个答案有什么疑问，请追问如果满意记得采纳哦·~~###################################

一般英文期刊投稿才写这个list of amendments，参考如下这段话吧！NCC 2014Lists of amendments have been prepared by the Australian Building Codes Board to assist NCC users in identifying changes incorporated in each edition of the NCC.The lists of amendments provide a description of major changes made from the previous edition of the NCC. For additional information regarding some of the more significant changes to NCC 2014, please click here.While the Australian Building Codes Board has attempted to include all major changes made from the previous edition of the NCC, the Board does not give any warranty nor accept any liability in relation to the contents of the lists of amendments.NCC 2015The list of amendments for NCC 2015 are included in the individual volumes, available free online to registered users.

amendments to the constitution 宪法修正案；其它宪法修正案；其他宪法修正案例句筛选1.Yet the passage of these three amendments to the Constitution was still ahistoric step in making blacks full and equal citizens.然而，这三个宪法修正案所传递的信息在促使黑人拥有完整和平等的公民权利方面还是迈出了历史性的一步。2.He added amendments to the constitution funneling more power to him,effectively circumventing the bureaucracy of the Senate.他多次修正宪法，不断揽权，有效回避了议会的官僚作风。

amendments and waivers在协议中是修订和豁免的意思

修改和补充 对于该协议的任何修改和补充必需以书面形式进行,经各方签署的修改和补充都是该协议不可分割的一部分.

不是。minorrevision是国际期刊论文发表意见中的“小修”，即，做小修改就可以了。一般需严格按照评委的意见修改，修改完后需在送审。再送审通过并发表的概率比较大。

贷款修正案

第二宪法修正案

自发的修正*******************************您好，答案已经给出，请您浏览一遍有什么不懂的地方欢迎回复我！如果满意请及时点击【采纳回答】按钮或者客户端的朋友在右上角评价点【满意】您的采纳，是我答题的动力也同时给您带来知识和财富值***************************************************

这是银行通过SWIFT系统发出的信用证修改书的格式MT707

advance-filing-amendment-fee提前申报修改费

　　The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. The movement has had a lasting impact on United States society, in its tactics, the increased social and legal acceptance of civil rights, and in its exposure of the prevalence and cost of racism.　　The American Civil Rights movement has been made up of many movements. The term usually refers to the political struggles and reform movements between 1945 and 1970 to end discrimination against African Americans and to end legal racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South.　　This article focuses on an earlier phase of the struggle. Two United States Supreme Court decisions—Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), which upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation as constitutional doctrine, and Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) which overturned Plessy— serve as milestones. This was an era of stops and starts, in which some movements, such as Marcus Garvey"s Universal Negro Improvement Association, achieved great success but left little lasting legacy, while others, such as the NAACP"s painstaking legal assault on state-sponsored segregation, achieved modest results in its early years but made steady progress on voter rights and gradually built to a key victory in Brown v. Board of Education.　　After the Civil War, the U. S. expanded the legal rights of African Americans. Congress passed, and enough states ratified, an amendment ending slavery in 1865—the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution. This amendment only outlawed slavery; it did not provide equal rights, nor citizenship. In 1868, the 14th Amendment was ratified by the states, granting African Americans citizenship. Black persons born in the U. S. were extended equal protection under the laws of the Constitution. The 15th Amendment was ratified in (1870), which stated that race could not be used as a condition to deprive men of the ability to vote. During Reconstruction (1865-1877), Northern troops occupied the South. Together with the Freedmen"s Bureau, they tried to administer and enforce the new constitutional amendments. Many black leaders were elected to local and state offices, and others organized community groups.　　Reconstruction ended following the Compromise of 1877 between Northern and Southern white elites. In exchange for deciding the contentious Presidential election in favor of Rutherford B. Hayes, supported by Northern states, over his opponent, Samuel J. Tilden, the compromise called for the withdrawal of Northern troops from the South. This followed violence and fraud in southern elections in 1876, which had reduced black voter turnout and enabled Southern white Democrats to regain power in state legislatures across the South. The compromise and withdrawal of Federal troops meant that white Democrats had more freedom to impose and enforce discriminatory practices. Many African Americans responded to the withdrawal of federal troops by leaving the South in what is known as the Kansas Exodus of 1879.　　The Radical Republicans, who spearheaded Reconstruction, had attempted to eliminate both governmental and private discrimination by legislation. That effort was largely ended by the Supreme Court"s decision in the Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883), in which the Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give Congress power to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals or businesses.　　Segregation　　The Supreme Court"s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld state-mandated discrimination in public transportation under the "separate but equal" doctrine. While in the 20th century, the Supreme Court began to overturn state statutes that disfranchised African Americans, as in Guinn v. United States (1915), with Plessy, it upheld segregation that Southern states enforced in nearly every other sphere of public and private life.　　As Justice Harlan, the only member of the Court to dissent from the decision, predicted:　　If a state can prescribe, as a rule of civil conduct, that whites and blacks shall not travel as passengers in the same railroad coach, why may it not so regulate the use of the streets of its cities and towns as to compel white citizens to keep on one side of a street, and black citizens to keep on the other? Why may it not, upon like grounds, punish whites and blacks who ride together in street cars or in open vehicles on a public road or street? . . . .　　The Court soon extended Plessy to uphold segregated schools. In Berea College v. Kentucky, 211 U.S. 45 (1908), the Court upheld a Kentucky statute that barred Berea College, a private institution, from teaching both black and white students in an integrated setting. Many states, particularly in the South, took Plessy and Berea as blanket approval for restrictive laws, generally known as Jim Crow laws, that created second-class status for African-Americans.　　In many cities and towns, African-Americans were not allowed to share a taxi with whites or enter a building through the same entrance. They had to drink from separate water fountains, use separate restrooms, attend separate schools, be buried in separate cemeteries and even swear on separate Bibles. They were excluded from restaurants and public libraries. Many parks barred them with signs that read "Negroes and dogs not allowed." One municipal zoo went so far as to list separate visiting hours.　　The etiquette of racial segregation was even harsher, particularly in the South. African Americans were expected to step aside to let a white person pass, and black men dared not look any white woman in the eye. Black men and women were addressed as "Tom" or "Jane", but rarely as "Mr." or "Miss" or "Mrs." Whites referred to black men of any age as "boy" and a black woman as "girl"; both often were called by labels such as "nigger" or "colored."　　Less formal social segregation in the North began to yield to change.　　Jackie Robinson"s Major League Baseball debut, 1947　　Jackie Robinson was a sports pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement. Jackie Robinson is most well known for becoming the first African American to play professional sports in the major leagues. He is not often recognized as one of earliest public figures in the Civil Rights Movement. He debuted with the Brooklyn Dodgers of Major League Baseball on April 15, 1947. Jackie Robinson"s first major league game came one year before the U.S. Army was integrated, seven years before Brown v. Board of Education, eight years before Rosa Parks, and before Martin Luther King Jr. was leading the Civil Rights Movement. Jackie Robinson stepped into the spotlight before many of the most notable people in the Civil Rights Movement history. Every day he played, he was an example and role model for countless children and youths.　　Disfranchisement　　Main article: Disfranchisement after the Civil War　　By the turn of the century, white-dominated Southern legislatures disfranchised nearly all age-eligible African American voters through a combination of statute and constitutional provisions. While requirements applied to all citizens, in practice, they were targeted at blacks and poor whites, and subjectively administered. In addition, opponents of black civil rights used economic reprisals and sometimes violence in the 1880s to discourage blacks from registering to vote.　　Mississippi was the first state to have such constitutional provisions, such as poll taxes, literacy tests (which depended on subjective by white registrars), and complicated record keeping to establish residency, litigated before the Supreme Court. In 1898 the Court upheld the state, in Williams v. Mississippi. Other Southern states quickly adopted the "Mississippi plan", and from 1890-1908, ten states adopted new constitutions with provisions to disfranchise most blacks and many poor whites. States continued to disfranchise these groups for decades. Blacks were most adversely affected, as in many states black voter turnout dropped to zero. Poor whites were also disfranchised. In Alabama, for instance, by 1941, 600,000 poor whites had been disfranchised, and 520,000 blacks.[1]　　It was not until the 20th century that litigation by African Americans on such provisions began to meet some success before the Supreme Court. In 1915 in Guinn v. United States, the Court declared Oklahoma"s "grandfather law", to be unconstitutional. Although the decision affected all states that used the grandfather clause, state legislatures quickly devised new devices to continue disfranchisement. Each provision or statute had to be litigated separately. One device the Democratic Party began to use more widely in Southern states was the white primary, which served for decades to disfranchise the few blacks who managed to get past barriers of voter registration. Barring blacks from voting in the Democratic Party primaries meant they had no chance to vote in the only competitive contests. White primaries were not struck down by the Supreme Court until Smith v. Allwright in 1944.　　Criminal law and lynching　　In 1880, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. 303 (1880) that African Americans could not be excluded from juries. The late 19th century disfranchisement of blacks in the South, however, meant that blacks were routinely barred from jury service, as it was reserved for voters only. This left them at the mercy of a white justice system arrayed against them. In some states, particularly Alabama, the state used the criminal justice system to reestablish a form of peonage in the form of the convict-lease system. The state sentenced black males to years of imprisonment, which they spent working without pay. The state leased prisoners to private employers, such as Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, a subsidiary of United States Steel Corporation, which paid the state for their labor. Because the state made money, the system created incentives for the jailing of more men, who were disproportionately black. It also created a system in which treatment of prisoners received little oversight.　　Extra-judicial punishment was even more brutal. During the last decade of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, white vigilantes lynched thousands of black males, sometimes with the overt assistance of state officials, mostly within the South. No whites were charged with crimes in any of those massacres. Whites were, in fact, so confident of their immunity from prosecution for lynching that they not only photographed the victims, but made postcards out of the pictures.　　The Ku Klux Klan, which had largely disappeared after a brief violent career in the early years of Reconstruction, reappeared in 1915. It grew mostly in industrializing cities of the South and Midwest that underwent the most rapid growth from 1910-1930. Social instability contributed to racial tensions from severe competition for jobs and housing. People joined KKK groups who were anxious about their place in American society, as cities were rapidly changed by a combination of industrialization, migration of blacks and whites from the rural South, and waves of increased immigration from mostly rural southern and eastern Europe.[2]　　Initially the KKK presented itself as another fraternal organization devoted to betterment of its members. The KKK"s revival was inspired in part by the movie Birth of a Nation, which glorified the earlier Klan and dramatized the racist stereotypes concerning blacks of that era. The Klan focused on political mobilization, which allowed it to gain power in states such as Indiana, on a platform that combined racism with anti-immigrant, anti-Semitic, anti-Catholic and anti-union rhetoric, but also supported lynching. It reached its peak of membership and influence about 1925, declining rapidly afterward as opponents mobilized.[3]　　Segregated economic life and education　　In addition to excluding blacks from equal participation in many areas of public life, white society also kept blacks in a position of economic subservience or marginality. After widespread losses from disease and financial failures in the late 19th c., black farmers in the South worked in virtual economic bondage as sharecroppers or tenant farmers. Employers and labor unions generally restricted African Americans to the worst paid and least desirable jobs. Because of the lack of steady, well-paid jobs, relatively undistinguished positions, such as those with the Pullman Porter or as hotel doorman, became prestigious positions in black communities.　　The Jim Crow system that excluded African-Americans from many areas of economic life led to creation of a vigorous, but stunted economic life within the segregated sphere. Black newspapers sprang up throughout the North, while black owners of insurance and funeral establishments acquired disproportionate influence as both economic and political leaders.　　Continuing to see education as the primary route of advancement and critical for the race, many talented blacks went into teaching, which had high respect as a profession. Segregated schools for blacks were underfunded in the South and ran on shortened schedules in rural areas. Despite segregation in Washington, DC, by contrast, as Federal employees, black and white teachers were paid on the same scale. Outstanding black teachers in the North received advanced degrees and taught in highly regarded schools, which trained the next generation of leaders in cities such as Chicago, Washington, and New York.　　Education, in fact, w

求助我么？额，可惜我也不清楚，不好意思、AMS费用是automated manifest system,中文叫自动舱单系统？customs 海关申报单，申报关税

建议委托专业的涉外专利代理人

美国人权运动的影响

银行证实,将在15天内发送斯威夫特修正案

宪法修正案第十三条[1865年批准生效] 　　第一款 　　在合众国境内或属合众国管辖的任何地方，不准有奴隶制或强制劳役存在，惟用于业经定罪的罪犯作为惩罚者不在此限。 　　第二款 　　国会有权以适当立法实施本条规定。 本条是在美国内战后通过的，旨在废除奴隶制度，避免重蹈内战与分裂覆辙。内战末期，美国共和党中的废奴论者推断一但战争结束后《解放黑奴宣言》将可能被解读成一份违宪的战时命令，故他们千方百计想保障所有黑奴的自由，而非仅止于宣言赋予的解放。在此压力下，林肯以他在1864年的总统选战作为他将透过宪法修正案的方式废除全国奴隶制度之赌注。林肯的选战获得马里兰州与密苏里州分裂票数支持；马里兰州于1864年11月1日生效的新宪章废除奴隶制度。赢得连任后，林肯强力催促「跛鸭的」第38届国会在第39届国会集会立即通过宪法修正案。1865年1月31日国会通知各州议员批准将成为美国宪法第13号修正案的法案，其禁止美国国土上任何的蓄奴行为。1865年12月6日，修正案为足够多的州所认可。第一款明确禁止了奴隶制和强制劳役在美国存在，不过有一个例外，即对于被宣判为有罪的罪犯可以强制劳役。

The amendment fee is your case. 口语You should be responsiable for the amendment fee.

fifth+amendment英 [ fɪfθ əˈmendmənt ]美 [ fɪfθ əˈmɛndmənt ][法] 第五条修正案;

You should be responsible for the amendment fee.You should take care of the amendment fee.You should handle the amendment fee.The amendment fee is your responsibility.*** 猫迷英语专家团提供【Real.Amer...

信用证的延期和修改费用都由负责如果发生其延期或者修改的当事人承担

合同各方协商一致对原合同的部分内容进行修改的情况下，才可以签订修改

前后语句是什么？或者话题是什么内容？完整的句子贴出来看一下。否则不好理解A/M的缩写是什么意思。

您是不是要找: amendment： n. 修正案；改善；改正

译文:修正法案祝您生活愉快，望采纳，

booking-amendment预订修改

第十四届

　　fourteenth amendment的中文翻译　　第十四修正　　双语例句　　1　　The Fourteenth Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the law.　　《第十四条修正案》赋予公民以权利，让他们享受法律的平等保护。　　2　　Even as President Obama has avoided opining or interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment, Geithner, who presumably is speaking as a representative of the administration, has made it very clear that he believes that Fourteenth Amendment gives a president the legal right to extend the debt ceiling.　　尽管奥巴马总统一直在回避对第十四条修正案做出评论或解释，然而盖特纳作为公认的政府发言人直言不讳地指出，第十四条修正案赋予了总统提升债务上限的法律权利。

Number of Amendment 修改序号；修改次数；修改号例句筛选1.The draft amendment proposes reducing the number of the brackets toseven from the current nine.个税修正案草案提出，把当前的九级税率减少到七级。2.After amendment to the vector of number preference, the model can betterexplain the experiment results.经过“数字偏好”向量修正后的模型能够更好地解释实验结果。

amendment [ə"men(d)m(ə)nt] n. 修正案；改善；改正amendment fee：改单费。

这句话你应该用中文把它翻译过来，看看这句话的名字具体解释为何意。

amendment英 [ə"men(d)m(ə)nt]   美 [ə"mɛndmənt]  n. 修正案；改善；改正supplementary agreement 补充协议；增补协议

动词上意思都一样，不过名词上文件的修正案只能用amendment。Amendment更多指修改这种行为，modification更多指修改上的细节。而且Amendment比modification更正规。很多情况用modification都没错，不过用amendment不一定对。

amendment美/mendmnt/ 中文谐音：额们得门特 n.修正案;改善;更正reluctant  美 /rɪˈlʌktənt/ 中文谐音：若欧拉客扥特  adj.不情愿的;勉强的;顽抗的origin  美 /ˈɔːrɪdʒɪn/  中文谐音：我瑞珍呢  n.起源;原点;出身;开端

修改,更改单

这个文件符合ASME Y14.5M-1994修改ADDENDUM-2004通用全球尺寸和公差

achievement意思：成就、完成。achievement，英语单词，名词，意为“成就；完成；达到；成绩”。完成，实现；达到；得到，获得。成就，成绩，功绩，业绩。（学生的）学习成绩。短语：outstanding achievement业绩；杰出成就。academic achievement学业成就；学业成绩。achievement motivation成就动机。lifetime achievement终身成就。school achievement学业成绩。achieve的基本意思是“取得”“获得”，如取得成就、成果或获得胜利、成功等；也可以表示经长期努力而“实现”“达到”“完成”，如实现目标、愿望，达到目的，完成计划等。achieve既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时，主语一般为人，宾语多为抽象名词或代词，不接动词不定式、动名词或从句。可用于被动结构。achieve多用于美好的事物，一经获得便永远受益且不易丧失，一般不与贬义词连用。双语例句：1.That was quite an achievement.那可是相当大的成就。2.Her achievement was recognised with an award.她因所取得的成就得到了嘉奖。3.To live together harmoniously as men and women is an achievement.两性能和睦相处就是一种成就。4.Schools award scholarships for high academic achievement.学校向学业成绩优异者授予奖学金。5.Steve uncorked bottles of champagne to toast the achievement.史蒂夫打开几瓶香槟酒庆功。6.He rated the achievement high.他高度评价了这一成就。7.This achievement is surely unprecedented.这成就确实是空前的。8.The scientist thirsts after an achievement.这名科学家渴望取得成就。

achievement意为“成就；完成；达到；成绩”。1、原型：achieve.2、近义词：success;completion. achievement的双语例句：1、I think I should make some achievement.我想我应该取得一些成就。2、Not all people can make this achievement.并非人人都能取得这一成就。3、I can have this achievement because of her.因为有她，我才会有现在的成就。4、Such a goal was impossible of achievement.这样的目标是不可能实现的。5、Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement.首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。6、The invention of the computer is a great achievement.发明计算机是一大成就。

achieve　是动词achievement是名词

你好,为你解答,正确答案为：supplementary reserve附加准备金不明白请及时追问，满意敬请采纳，O(∩_∩)O谢谢

退休储备金

他们不沉溺于可鄙的追名逐利和对舒适的迷恋

他们无拘无束。既不追逐卑鄙的名利，也不贪图生活的安逸。另外是ambitionshave not=don"t have

increasement 是错的单词你应该问的是 increase 和 increment的区别一般来说两个词可以换用但是increment 一般形容有规律的增长 an increase in regular steps所以increase的在某些特定的用途不能表达完整的意思

克里斯琴的成就。1:christian[男子名][英格兰人姓氏]克里斯琴。来源于古法语教名，含义是“基督的信徒”2:achievement，英语单词，名词，意为“成就；完成；达到；成绩”。

中国政府 的意思

政府保证

Crown Government皇冠政府,直译是可以译为君主制政府Crown Government皇冠政府,直译是可以译为君主制政府

政府部门 行政部门

Chinese Government中国政府双语对照词典结果：Chinese Government中国政府; 例句:1.The chinese government did not comment yesterday. 中国政府昨日并未就此事置评。.-----------------------------------如有疑问欢迎追问！满意请点击右上方【选为满意回答】按钮

opening government 网络意思：开放政府; [例句]Opening government includes transparency participation credit and respecting civil right.公开透明政府、参与性政府、诚信的政府和尊重公民权利的政府是开放政府的应有之意，也是开放政府的衡量标准。

government-owned 官;[例句]Greece has approved a plan to raise taxes, cut spending and sell government-owned assets.希腊批准了一项增加税收、削减支出和出售政府资产的计划。

政府官员的意思

区别就是一个是单数，一个是复数。～the government 指某个地方或国家的政府，the governments 指几个地方或国家的政府。～the society 指某一种社会团体， the society 指几种不同性质的社会团体。

Chinese Government[释义]中国政府; 全部释义>> [例句]The chinese government knows that only too well.中国政府太了解这一点了。

representative government[英]ˌrepriˈzentətiv ˈɡʌvənmənt[美]ˌrɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv ˈɡʌvənmənt[法] 代议政府[例句]Though far from a modern democratic assembly , it was at least a first step towards representative government that included local representation.虽然这远远不是现代民主议会，但它至少向包括地方代表的代理政府迈出了第一步。

government transfer payment 转移支付; 政府转移支付;[例句]Therefore the study of equalization effect of the local government transfer payment has important theoretical and realistic meanings.因此，研究地方政府转移支付的均等化效应问题具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。

your home government 你家的政府government 英[ˈgʌvənmənt] 美[ˈgʌvərnmənt] n. 政府; 政体; 治理的形式; 管辖，治理; [例句]The Government has insisted that confidence is needed before the economy can improve.政府坚持认为只有坚定信心经济才会有起色。[其他] 复数：governments

government rates政府利率请采纳如果你认可我的回答，敬请及时采纳，~如果你认可我的回答，请及时点击【采纳为满意回答】按钮~~手机提问的朋友在客户端右上角评价点【满意】即可。~你的采纳是我前进的动力~~O(∩_∩)O，记得好评和采纳，互相帮助

歧义现象是自然语言的普遍现象，涉及的层面主要有词、短语和句子。关系从句（relative clause，RC）挂靠歧义（attachment ambiguity）是歧义句的一种，指的是句中的单词或短语包含一个以上的挂靠关系。例如：We adore the secretary of the psychologist who takes a walk downtown.句中由who引导的关系从句既可以挂靠在of之前的名词短语（NP1）the secretary上，也可以挂靠在of之后的名词短语（NP2）the psychologist上。研究L2学习者对关系从句挂靠歧义的加工，本质上主要是探讨一语句子加工跟二语句子加工的异同问题，看看制约一语句子加工的因素是否同样制约二语句子加工，二语句子加工是否有其自身的特点等等。本帖在介绍一语RC挂靠歧义句加工的基础上，提出若干问题供感兴趣的人士讨论。一语RC挂靠歧义句的加工1. RC挂靠歧义句的消解因语言而异。法语、西班牙语、荷兰语、德语、意大利语等等偏好高挂靠（high attachment），即RC挂靠到NP1上；英语、巴西葡萄牙语、挪威语、罗马尼亚语等倾向于低挂靠（low attachment），即RC挂靠到NP2上。2. 频率的因素。Cuetos & Mitchell （1998）认为，句法分析器（parser）会追踪输入中无歧义挂靠的频率。不同语言中，无歧义高/低挂靠的频率不同，可能是制约歧义挂靠的因素之一。3. 句法的因素。最小节点挂靠（Minimal attachment）（Frazier，1978）认为句法加工通常生成节点最少的结构。迟关闭原则（late closure）（Frazier& Fodor，1978）认为后续出现的词汇或短语尽可能挂靠在最近的成分上。不同的句法加工原则对歧义挂靠可能会有不同的预测结果。4. 音韵的因素。不同的语言对音韵的要求可能是不同的，因而对挂靠的倾向性也不同。Fodor（2002）认为，法语之所以倾向于高挂靠，是因为法语中的RC倾向于构成独立的音韵成分（prosodic constituent）；而英语之所以倾向于低挂靠，是因为英语中的RC倾向于跟NP2一起构成一个独立的音韵成分。5. 其他因素。词义、语境、语用、百科知识、工作记忆等其他因素也影响歧义挂靠的选择。小鱼，哈哈

无语。。。。。。。居然上网问这种问题，信息时代啊