美国市场营销协会的History

chapter，章section，节paragraph，段落chapter读音：英［ˈtʃæptə（r)]，美［ˈtʃæptər]释义：n. (书的）章，篇，回；（人生或历史的）时期，时代，篇章；主教座堂全体教士；宗教团体的全体成员；其他：复数：chapters词源：直接源自古法语的chapitre，意为书的一部分。近义词section读音：英［ˈsekʃn]，美［ˈsekʃn]释义：n.部分；部门；部件；散件；节；款；项；段；v.切开；切断；做（动物或植物组织）切片；（依法令精神病人）强制入院治疗；例句：The report can be conveniently divided into three main sections.这份报告不用费事就可划分为三个主要部分。其他：第三人称单数：sections 复数：sections 现在分词：sectioning 过去式：sectioned 过去分词：sectioned

[zhāng jié] 章节章节是文章的组成部分，通常一本书分为若干章（一章相当于一篇文章），一章又分为若干节（一节是一个自然段或几个自然段）章节说明文章的组成部分,通常一本书分若干章,一章又分若干节。英文解释简明释义chapters and sections；chapter；section ；详细释义chapters and sections网络释义part中文详细解释章和节。长篇文章在结构上的部分和段落。一般为篇中分章，章中分节。

“章”字拆分后可以组成为 立、日、口、十、音、昱、章、古、早、辛。一共有10个字。章，zhāng。从音从十。乐竟为一章。十，数之终也。(1) 会意。从音十。音指音乐,"十"是个位数已终了的数,合起来表示音乐完毕。本义:音乐的一曲。(2) 同本义。今称"乐章" [a song]章会意字。字从音从十。音表示音乐，十表示数字的终了。故章字的本义是一段音乐的结束。【组词】章程   zhāngchéng(1)[regulation]∶指组织的规程或办事条例，也泛指各种制度。(2)[solution] [方]∶指办法:主张。章法  zhāngfǎ(1)[art of composition]∶指文章的组织结构(2)[orderly ways]∶比喻处理事情的规则和办法章甫  zhāngfǔ[a kind of hat] 古代一种礼帽端章甫。――《论语·先进》章回体  zhānghuítǐ[a kind of writing divided into chapters] 一种分回叙事的长篇小说体裁章节  zhāngjié[chapters and sections] 章和节。文章的组成部分，通常一本书分若干章，一章又分若干节。章京  zhāngjīng[high-ranking official in Qing Dynasty] 官名。清代军机处及总理衙门办理文书的官员军机章京。――清·梁启超《谭嗣同传》章句  zhāngjù(1)[chapters, sections, sentences and phrases]∶古籍的分章分段和语句停顿(2)[syntactic and semantic analysis of ancient writings]∶分析古文的章节和句读复习五经，皆训诂大义，不为章句。――《后汉书》章台  zhāngtái[the name of palace in Qin Dynasty] 秦宫殿名。以宫内有章台而得名章台见相如。――《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》章则  zhāngzé[rules and regulations] 规章制度

前半部分:the preceding chapters,假如同时提到后半部分可以说：the rest chapters

我也都认识，但不知道讲的啥

你好:选A因为前面有:Thefirstthreeofthefivechapters,意思是"5个章节的前三个,侧重的是thefirstthree,所以谓语动词用单数形式,后面的therest是一个复数的概念,所以用are翻译;这本书的5个章节的前三个很简单,但是剩下的就很困难了,希望对您有帮助!

学习语文其实不用刻意去学习，它靠的是日积月累和逐渐的积淀。每天固定地拿出一些时间进行阅读和写作十分重要。文学基础知识非常广泛，有语音、文字、词语、句子、篇章、标点符号、修辞手法、文学常识、古代文学常识、作家作品、诗词鉴赏、语法应用等，这些知识都要做到分别掌握，方法是多读、多写、多摘录、多归纳。英文翻译如下In fact, learning Chinese doesn"t need to be studied deliberately. It relies on accumulation over time and gradual accumulation. It is very important to set aside some time for reading and writing regularly every day. The basic knowledge of literature is very extensive, including pronunciation, words, words, sentences, chapters, punctuation marks, rhetorical devices, common sense of literature, common sense of ancient literature, writers" works, poetry appreciation, grammar application, etc. These knowledge should be mastered separately by reading, writing, extracting and summarizing.

在游戏中按下～键(键盘左上，数字键1的左边)，输入下面的字母回车即可开启秘籍： 欺骗模式：@Password( "Panzerklein" ) Cheat Mode: @Password( "Panzerklein" ) 上帝模式： @God(0,1) God Mode: @God(0,1) 胜利模式：@Win(0) Win Battle: @Win(0) 选关：SetIGlobalVar( "Cheat.Enable.Chapters", 1 ) Pick Level: SetIGlobalVar( "Cheat.Enable.Chapters", 1 ) 备注： 欺骗模式必须首先启动，另外两个模式才可以启动。上帝模式可以让你的全部单位无敌；胜利模式可以直接取得当前地图的胜利。 The Cheat mode must be on for the other two codes to work. God mode makes all your units invincible and the Win battle code ends the current map in a victory for you.

游戏中,按下 [~] 或 [^] ,输入@Password( "Panzerklein" ) 激活密集,输入SetIGlobalVar( "Cheat.Enable.Chapters", 1 ) - 等级选择@God( 0, 1 ) - 上帝模式@Win( 0 ) - 等级跳跃PS:在(后, 和)前保留空格God ModeWhile in game open console by pressing the "~" key. Enter the following codes then press enter to enable them.秘籍说明：在游戏中按下～键(键盘左上，数字键1的左边)，输入下面的字母回车即可开启秘籍：欺骗模式：@Password( "Panzerklein" )Cheat Mode: @Password( "Panzerklein" )上帝模式： @God(0,1)God Mode: @God(0,1)胜利模式：@Win(0)Win Battle: @Win(0)选关：SetIGlobalVar( "Cheat.Enable.Chapters", 1 )Pick Level: SetIGlobalVar( "Cheat.Enable.Chapters", 1 )备注：欺骗模式必须首先启动，另外两个模式才可以启动。上帝模式可以让你的全部单位无敌；胜利模式可以直接取得当前地图的胜利。

网络上自己查比较好，

亲您好 童之磊不是失败，是掏空上市公司的做法下面为你列举016年8月第五次增资贝琛网森，国鸿智臻入股晨之科10.5263%股份花了3000万元，1.7544%股份花了500万，1%的股份也是285万元2016年12月童之磊2.5亿拿了20%股份，在同年8月份，20%的股份也就5700万在业绩普普通通，4个月内没任何亮点的情况下，是出于什么原因20%的股份多花了近2亿元？这多出来得接近两亿是进了谁的腰包？再来谈谈晨之科2017年的业绩达标问题2017年1月1日到2017年10月31日净利润4141.54万，但是到2017年12月31日，利润达到了15100多万，11月和12月份利润11000万，公告但是显示这11000亿的利润主要是由姬斗无双这游戏带来的，一个激斗无双两个月11000万利润需要多少流水我给大家算下利润11000万，利润率算50%吧，游戏是代理的，代理和运营五五分成IOS，安卓抽点30%计算下来需要流水11000万/0.5/0.5/0.7=62857万元流水姬斗无双总付费用户数73753元，62857万/73753元等于8522元也就是说在2017年11月份和12月份两个月，每个用户充值8522元，可能吗？整个一个笑话！逻辑数据出发，做假账上市拿走上市公司现金!2018年底又以管理层名义入股Chapters49%的股份，行业老三Choices2017年底Nexon花了1亿美金入股，2018年底的时候Chapters和Chices已经平起平坐，现在Chapters已经是行业老二，2019年盈利2500万，2020年预计利润1亿元，49%的股份估值5000万美元就这样被童之磊以管理层入股名义掠夺走上市后，童之磊做的每件事，都是以掏空上市公司为目的

Foreword(For the 3rd Edition)/iForeword(For the 2nd Edition) /vPrefatory Note(For the 1st Edition)/viiForeword By Wu Fu-heng/ixIntroduction /IChapters 1-261．Colonial America/1 12．Edwards?Franklin?Crevecoeur/273．American Romanticism?Irving?Cooper/404．New England Transcendentalism?Emerson?Thoreau/565．Hawthorne?Melville/706．Whitman?Dickinson/887．Edgar Allan Poe/1048．The Age of Realism?Howells?James/1169．Local Colorism?Mark Twain/13010．American Naturalism?Crane?Norris?Dreiser?Robinson /14111．The 1920s?Imagism?Pound/15412．T.S．Eliot?Stevens?Williams/17113．Frost?Sandburg?Cummings?Hart Crane?Moore/19514．Fitzgerald?Hemingway/21315．The Southem Renaissance?William Faulkner/22916．Anderson?Stein?Lewis?Cather?Wolfe/24017．The 1930s?Dos Passos?Steinbeck/25418．Poner?Welty?McCullers?West?The New Criticism/26919．American Drama/28320．Postwar Poetry?Poets of the 1 940s Generation/31221. The Confessional School·The Beat Generation /34522. The New York School· Meditative Poetry·The Black Mountain Poets /37923. Postwar American Novel (I) /41124. Postwar American Novel (II) /45525. Multiethnic Literature (I) /50326. Multiethnic Literature (II) /536Notes and References /567Index /599

D

课与教之间是被动关系，自然用被动语态。

1. who is the main character in this book?2. what is the full name of the main character in this book?3. how many chapters are there in this book? Please indicate three of them.4. What does "A Servant Finds Out" mean?

庙宇是工作的 SHRINES 是工作的 MONASTERIES 是工作的 STABLES 是工作的 CHAPTERS 是工作的 UNIVERSITETS 是工作的 GUILDS 是工作的米尔斯式的是工作的间的关系 REDUCTION 是工作的费思间的关系 CHANGE 是工作的费思 REDUCTION WORKING 是

review与revision的区别为：意思不同、用法不同、使用场合不同。一、意思不同1、review：复查，重新考虑，回顾。2、revision：修订，修改。二、用法不同1、review：review的基本意思是“回顾，检查，检讨，重新考虑”，指对已经发生过的事情进行总结，以便从中吸取经验或加深印象，也可指对书籍、剧本等的内容作简略介绍，指出其优劣，而后附加评论者的批评或个人意见，即“评论”，引申也可用于指带有评论性的“刊物”。2、revision：基本意思是“订正”“修订”。指“订正”时，即对原稿或校样的修改，指“修订”时，即对已出版的书籍进行修改以再版。revise引申可指“复习”。三、使用场合不同1、review：review是美式用法，强调考试前的a discussion of a subject。2、revision：revision是英式用法，强调考前的preparation work。

Synopsis of Journey to the West西游记概要The novel comprises 100 chapters. These can be divided into four very unequal parts. The first, which includes chapters 1–7, is really a self-contained introduction to the main story. It deals entirely with the earlier exploits of Sūn Wùkōng, a monkey born from a stone nourished by the Five Elements, who learns the art of the Tao, 72 polymorphic transformations, combat, and secrets of immortality, and through guile and force makes a name for himself as the Qítiān Dàshèng (simplified Chinese: 齐天大圣), or "Great Sage Equal to Heaven". His powers grow to match the forces of all of the Eastern (Taoist) deities, and the prologue culminates in Sūn"s rebellion against Heaven, during a time when he garnered a post in the celestial bureaucracy. Hubris proves his downfall when the Buddha manages to trap him under a mountain and sealing the mountain with a talisman for five hundred years.Only following this introductory story is the nominal main character, Xuánzàng, introduced. Chapters 8–12 provide his early biography and the background to his great journey. Dismayed that "the land of the South knows only greed, hedonism, promiscuity, and sins", the Buddha instructs the bodhisattva Guānyīn to search Táng China for someone to take the Buddhist sutras of "transcendence and persuasion for good will" back to the East. Part of the story here also relates to how Xuánzàng becomes a monk (as well as revealing his past life as a disciple of the Buddha named "Golden Cicada" (金蝉子) and comes about being sent on this pilgrimage by the Emperor Táng Tàizōng, who previously escaped death with the help of an underworld official).The third and longest section of the work is chapters 13–99, an episodic adventure story which combines elements of the quest as well as the picaresque. The skeleton of the story is Xuánzàng"s quest to bring back Buddhist scriptures from Vulture Peak in India, but the flesh is provided by the conflict between Xuánzàng"s disciples and the various evils that beset him on the way.The scenery of this section is, nominally, the sparsely populated lands along the Silk Road between China and India, including Xinjiang, Turkestan, and Afghanistan. The geography described in the book is, however, almost entirely fantastic; once Xuánzàng departs Cháng"ān, the Táng capital, and crosses the frontier (somewhere in Gansu province), he finds himself in a wilderness of deep gorges and tall mountains, all inhabited by flesh-eating demons who regard him as a potential meal (since his flesh was believed to give immortality to whoever ate it), with here and there a hidden monastery or royal city-state amid the wilds.The episodic structure of this section is to some extent formulaic. Episodes consist of 1–4 chapters and usually involve Xuánzàng being captured and having his life threatened while his disciples try to find an ingenious (and often violent) way of liberating him. Although some of Xuánzàng"s predicaments are political and involve ordinary human beings, they more frequently consist of run-ins with various goblins and ogres, many of whom turn out to be the earthly manifestations of heavenly beings (whose sins will be negated by eating the flesh of Xuánzàng) or animal-spirits with enough Taoist spiritual merit to assume semi-human forms.Chapters 13–22 do not follow this structure precisely, as they introduce Xuánzàng"s disciples, who, inspired or goaded by Guānyīn, meet and agree to serve him along the way in order to atone for their sins in their past lives.The first is Sun Wukong (simplified Chinese: 孙悟空), or Monkey, previously "Great Sage Equal to Heaven", trapped by Buddha for rebelling against Heaven. He appears right away in Chapter 13. The most intelligent and violent of the disciples, he is constantly reproved for his violence by Xuánzàng. Ultimately, he can only be controlled by a magic gold band that the Bodhisattva has placed around his head, which causes him bad headaches when Xuánzàng chants certain magic words.The second, appearing in chapter 19, is Zhu Bajie (simplified Chinese: 猪八戒), literally Eight-precepts Pig, sometimes translated as Pigsy or just Pig. He was previously Marshal Tīan Péng (simplified Chinese: 天蓬元帅), commander of the Heavenly Naval forces, banished to the mortal realm for flirting with the Princess of the Moon Chang"e. He is characterized by his insatiable appetites for food and sex, and is constantly looking for a way out of his duties, which causes significant conflict with Sūn Wùkōng. Nevertheless he is a reliable fighter.The third, appearing in chapter 22, is the river-ogre Sha Wujing (simplified Chinese: 沙悟净), also translated as Friar Sand or Sandy. He was previously Great General who Folds the Curtain (simplified Chinese: 卷帘大将), banished to the mortal realm for dropping (and shattering) a crystal goblet of the Heavenly Queen Mother. He is a quiet but generally dependable character, who serves as the straight foil to the comic relief of Sūn and Zhū.The fourth disciple is the third prince of the Dragon-King, Yùlóng Sāntàizǐ (simplified Chinese: 玉龙三太子), who was sentenced to death for setting fire to his father"s great pearl. He was saved by Guānyīn from execution to stay and wait for his call of duty. He appears first in chapter 15, but has almost no speaking role, as throughout most of the story he appears in the transformed shape of a horse that Xuánzàng rides on.Chapter 22, where Shā is introduced, also provides a geographical boundary, as the river that the travelers cross brings them into a new "continent". Chapters 23–86 take place in the wilderness, and consist of 24 episodes of varying length, each characterized by a different magical monster or evil magician. There are impassably wide rivers, flaming mountains, a kingdom ruled by women, a lair of seductive spider-spirits, and many other fantastic scenarios. Throughout the journey, the four brave disciples have to fend off attacks on their master and teacher Xuánzàng from various monsters and calamities.It is strongly suggested that most of these calamities are engineered by fate and/or the Buddha, as, while the monsters who attack are vast in power and many in number, no real harm ever comes to the four travelers. Some of the monsters turn out to be escaped heavenly animals belonging to bodisattvas or Taoist sages and spirits. Towards the end of the book there is a scene where the Buddha literally commands the fulfillment of the last disaster, because Xuánzàng is one short of the eighty-one disasters he needs to attain Buddhahood.In chapter 87, Xuánzàng finally reaches the borderlands of India, and chapters 87–99 present magical adventures in a somewhat more mundane (though still exotic) setting. At length, after a pilgrimage said to have taken fourteen years (the text actually only provides evidence for nine of those years, but presumably there was room to add additional episodes) they arrive at the half-real, half-legendary destination of Vulture Peak, where, in a scene simultaneously mystical and comic, Xuánzàng receives the scriptures from the living Buddha.Chapter 100, the last of all, quickly describes the return journey to the Táng Empire, and the aftermath in which each traveler receives a reward in the form of posts in the bureaucracy of the heavens. Sūn Wùkōng and Xuánzàng achieve Buddhahood, Wùjìng becomes an arhat, Sāntàizǐ the dragon prince horse is made a nāga, and Bājiè, whose good deeds have always been tempered by his greed, is promoted to an altar cleanser (i.e. eater of excess offerings at altars).

从4个CD里的RAR文件里,各提取任何一个到你的所要安装的盘符里.然后用虚拟光驱(建议用DEAMOON)安装就可以了,记得按照DISK1.2.3.4的顺序安装.

章（しょう）或话（わ）比如第３章（だいさんしよう）第５话（だいごわ）

1、首先卸载《chapters》游戏，然后去应用商店下载。2、其次下载完成后，再次游戏。3、最后输入自己的账号密码即可。

1、首先在自己的手机上下载九游的软件。2、其次打开软件搜索游戏chapters。3、最后点击下载，等待下载完成即可。

The informarion is divided into chapters or parts in the book.这些信息在本书中已被分成章节。

答案是chapters．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词的适当形式．chapter n．章节；句中two后面需要的是复数，故答案是chapters．

this book is made up of 8 chapters

批量更新

死狗，商品房

three-chapter article == AN article containing three chapters ----- 一篇三个章节的文章

我不想成为你生命的某个章节，我想成为你的全部。

从你只出五点财富值看出来 你的失败不可避免~

Chapters: The Medium Is the MetaphorKey points (terms, quotes): Forms of public discourse (aka “the medium”) can regulate/dictate what kind of content can issue from such forms Supporting examples: “You can not use smoke to do philosophy. Its form exclude the content.” 300 lb president Howard Taft in 1909 vs. political image-manager outweighing speech writer Notes: Hillary eyeline makeupChapters: Media as Epistemology Key points (terms, quotes): The bias of a medium sits heavy, felt but unseen, over a culture, defining its concept of truth, definition of intelligence and so on. In a purely oral culture, a high value is always placed on the power to memorize, while in a print culture, such ability is mostly irrelevant to one"s intelligence. Supporting examples: West African tribe where its rich oral tradition mandates its idea of civil law vs. print-based courtroom that relies truth-finding on law books Chapters: Typographic America Key points (terms, quotes): With a high literacy rate (around 90% in 1700) and its extension to all classes, America was perhaps the most print-oriented culture ever to have existed. A typical American models his conversational style on the structure of the printed word. I.e. Speech language is pure print Chapters: The Typographic Mind Key points (terms, quotes): Reading is by its nature an essentially rational activity. And in a culture dominated by print, public discourse tends to be coherent, and arranging facts and ideas orderly The Age of Reason & Exposition (as opposed to The Age of Show Business) Supporting examples: Lincoln-Douglas 7-hour-long debate, 1858 (and its pure-print language) Chapters: The Peek-a-Boo World Key points (terms, quotes): (Telegraphy + Photography = Television) Telegraphy introduces (1) irrelevance (Focusing more on novelty, curiosity, interest, telegraphy made relevance irrelevant), (2) impotence (lower action-value, quality and utility), (3) incoherence (knowing without understanding in a world of discontinuities) Photography cannot present any idea or concept. To give all these fragmented and irrelevant information a seeming context and use, people use them to amuse Supporting examples: How often does a news cause you to alter your plans, or to take actions, or provides relevant insights? Chapters: The Age of Show Business Key points (terms, quotes): Television"s way of knowing is uncompromisingly hostile to typography"s way of knowing — television does not extend out amplify literate culture. It attacks it. Everything can be on TV, and once it"s on TV, it"s turned into entertainment. “The problem is not that television presents us with entertaining subject matter but that all subject matter is presented as entertaining.” Supporting examples: “Americans no longer talk to each other, they entertain each other. They do not exchange ideas; they exchange images. They do not argue with propositions; they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials.” Chapters: “Now … This” Key points (terms, quotes): Television"s conversations promote incoherence and triviality incoherence: The incoherent information streamlined by television is in fact “disinformation”, which creates an illusion of knowing something but in fact leads one away from knowing. As a result, what Americans have are not opinions but emotions, since they change from week to week. Taking ignorance to be knowledge. triviality: The public has adjusted to incoherence and been amused into indifference. Television is the soma of Brave New World Supporting examples: Why use BGM if something is serious at all? NYT headline, 1983: Reagan misstatements getting less attention Robert MacNeil: “provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action, and movement. … pay attention to no concept, no character, and no problem for more than a few seconds at a time.” reality matters less than “credibility” Chapters: Shuffle Off to Bethlehem Key points (terms, quotes): the phrase “serious television” is a contradiction in terms Television speaks in only one persistent voice — the voice of entertainment What is televised is transformed from what it was to something else Supporting examples: No more “sacrality” when religion is televised. Chapters: Reach Out and Elect Someone Key points (terms, quotes): one American cultural institution after another is learning to speak its terms, in other words, television is transforming our culture into one vast arena for show business Problems: By moving away from proposition and substituting images for claims, pictorial commercials made emotional appeal, not tests of truth Getting accustomed to TV commercials, people gradually believe that all political problems have fast solutions through simple measures. a medium which presents information in a form that renders out simplistic, non-substantive, non-historical and non-contextual 不能反映 candidate 的真实能力 Notes: Radio political commercial in Food Emporium Chapters: Teaching as an Amusing Activity Key points (terms, quotes): When televised, education has no prerequisites, perplexity or exposition, which is detrimental to our youth"s cognitive habits Chapters: The Huxleyan Warning Key points (terms, quotes): The problem is not in what people watch, but in that we watch, thus the solution must be in how we watch. “be media conscious” — understand what TV"s dangers are schools

How long will it take to get to the hospitaldidn"t theydoes make up

题库内容：章回体的解释[a kind of writing divided into chapters] 一种分回叙事的长篇小说体裁 详细解释 长篇小说的一种体裁。 参见 “ 章回小说 ”。 词语分解 章的解释 章 ā 歌曲诗文的段落：章节。章句。乐章。章回体。顺理成章。 断章取义 。 条目，规程：章程。 章法 。简章。党章。约法三章。 修理： 杂乱无章 。 花纹， 文采 ：黑质而白章。 戳记：图章。盖章。 佩带的身上的标志

Journey to the West (Simplified Chinese: 西游记) is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. Originally published anonymously in the 1590s during the Ming Dynasty, and even though no direct evidence of its authorship survives, it is ascribed to the scholar Wú Chéng"ēn since the 20th century.The work is also known as Monkey from the title of a popular, abridged translation by Arthur Waley.The novel is a fictionalized account of the legends around the Buddhist monk Xuánzàng"s pilgrimage to India during the Táng dynasty in order to obtain Buddhist religious texts called sutras. The Bodhisattva Guānyīn, on instruction from the Buddha, gives this task to the monk and his three protectors in the form of disciples — namely Sūn Wùkōng, Zhū Bājiè and Shā Wùjìng — together with a dragon prince who acts as Xuánzàng"s horse mount. These four characters have agreed to help Xuánzàng as an atonement for past sins.Some scholars propose that the book is a work of satire on the effeteness of the Chinese government at the time. Journey to the West has a strong background in Chinese folk religion, Chinese mythology and value systems; the pantheon of Taoist and Buddhist deities is still reflective of Chinese folk religious beliefs today.Part of the novel"s enduring popularity comes from the fact that it works on multiple levels: it is a first-rate adventure story, a dispenser of spiritual insight, and an extended allegory in which the group of pilgrims journeying toward India stands for the individual journeying toward enlightenment.

．19世纪的美国社会与美国文学2．詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀From The Pioneers(Chapter 22)3．拉尔夫·华尔多·爱默生Self-Reliance4．纳撒尼尔·霍桑The Minister"s Black VeilRappaccini"s Daughter5．埃德加·爱伦·坡Ligeia...

《神鬼寓言》不支持的话，还不是只有换系统~~

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我也想要新编英美概况教程的全中文···你现在有了么？

限定词（DETERMINER〕是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指（SPECIFIC REFERENCE〕、类指（GENERIC REFERENCE〕以及表示确定数量（DEFINITE QUANTITY〕和非确定数量（INDEFINITE QUANTITY〕等限定作用的词类.名词词组除有词汇意义外,还有其所指意义（REFERENTIAL MEANING〕,是特指（即指特写的对象〕,还是类指（即泛指一类人或物〕；是有确定的数量,还是没有确定的数量.能在名词词组中表示这种所指意义的词类就是限定词.英语的限定词包括： 定冠词（DEFINTITE ARTICLE〕,不定冠词（INDEFINITE ARTICLE〕,零冠词（ZERO ARTICLE〕 物主限定词（POSSESSIVE DETERMINER〕,my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one"s, its. 名词属格（GENITIVE NOUN〕,John"s, my friend"s. 指示限定词（DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINER〕,this, that, these, those, such. 关系限定词（RELATIVE DETERRMINER〕,whose, which. 疑问限定词（INTERROGATIVE DETERMINER〕,what, which, whose. 不定限定词（INDEFINITE DETERMINER〕,no, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another. 基数词（CARDINAL NUMERAL〕和序数词（ORDINAL NUMERAL〕 倍数词（MULTIPLICATIVE NUMERAL〕和分数词（FRACTIONAL NUMERAL〕 量词（QUANTIFIER〕a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great of, a good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great of, a good number of等. 限定词与名词词组中心词之间有着某种固定的搭配关系；如果名词之前带有两个或两个以上的限定词,则限定词与限定词之间也有某种固定的搭配关系.本讲主要解决这两种搭配关系问题. 1 限定词与三类名词的搭配关系 限定词的选择决定于随后的名词的类别,是单数名词、复数名词,还是不可数名词. 1〕能与三类名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如the, some, any, no, other, whose以及my, your等物主限定词和名词属格（John"s, my friend"s〕等能与三类名词搭配.例如： the book, my book, my friend"s book, John"s book, any book, some book, no book, the other book, whose book, the books, my books, my friend"s book, John"s books, any books, some books, no books, the other books, whose books, the money, my money, my friend"s money, John"s money, any money, some money, no money, the other money, whose money. 2〕只能与单数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如a(n), one, another, each, every, either, neither, many a, such a 等只能与单数名词搭配.例如： each worker, either book, an apple, another book, such a book, every student, neither sentence, one copy, many a book. 3) 只能与复数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如both, two, three, another two / three, many, (a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of等只能与复数名词搭配.例如： both workers, several students, a number of essays, many students, (a) few words, these / those books, two / three visitors, another two / three students. 4) 只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如a (little) bit of, a great amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much等只能与不可数名词搭配.例如： a bit of water, a great amount of labour, a great deal of work, (a) little space, much noise. 5〕能与单、复数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如the first, the second, the last, the next等既可与单数名词搭配,也可与复数名词搭配.例如： the first rose, the last man, the next meeting, the first roses, the last men, the next meetings. 6〕能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词如this, that, (the) least等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配.例如： (the) least sign (of prejudice), this / that job, (the) least knowledge, this / that work. 7〕能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 还有些限定词如a lot of, lots of, enough, more, most, such, other等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配.例如： a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chickens, lots of food, plenty of chairs, plenty of water, enough copies, enough coal, more articles, more time, most people, most work, such men, such bread, other men, other bread. 不定量限定词less原先只与不可数名词搭配,但在现代英语中,less既可与不可数名词也可与复数名词搭配.例如： less money, less mistakes. 2 限定词与限定词的搭配关系 以上讲的是限定词与三类名词的搭配关系.除上述搭配关系外,限定词与限定词之间还存在着一定的搭配关系.在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定词出现时,就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题.按其不同的搭配位置,限定词可分为： 1〕中位、前位、后位限定词 按照限定词与限定词之间不同搭配位置,限定词可分为中位限定词（CENTRAL DETERMINER〕、前位限定词（PREDETERMINER〕和后位限定词（POSTDETERMINER〕. a) 中位限定词包括a(n), the, zero; this, that, these, those; my, your, etc; Merry"s, my friend"s; some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough; what(ever), which(ever), whose等 b) 前位限定词包括all, both, half; double, twice, three times, etc; one-third, two-fifths, etc; what, such, (a / an)等 c) 后位限定词包括one, two, three, etc; first, second, third, etc; next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest, less, (the) least, more, most; several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of; such等 2) 三类限定词的搭配关系 如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照"前位－－中位－－后位"的顺序排列.例如： all前the中four后teachers. all前your中three后books. all前these中last后few后days. 如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按上述顺序.例如： half前his中lecture. those中last后few后months. several后hundred后guests. all前other后students. such前a中misfortune. some中such后alloy. 由上述诸例可以看出,中位限定词之间和前位限定词之间是互相排拆的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位限定词.所以,"我的那本书"不是* my that book而是that book of mine,因为my和that同是中位限定词,不可同时并列.但后位限定词的使用却不受此限.除上述those last few months, several hundred guests之外, this last two books, the first two chapters, three other girls, two more sheets, the next few weeks, many more copies, a few more samples, another twenty tons等都是后镁限定词重叠使用的实例. 个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属于前位限定词,又可归入后位限定词.由于它只是在such a...和such an...这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其他限定词(some, any, no, all, few, another, other, many, one, two, etc)搭配时,such则是后位限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如some such, any such, nosuch, few such, one such等,因此本书把它归入后位限定词. 3 若干限定词用法比较 前两节介绍了限定词与三类名词以及限定词与限定词之间的搭配关系.下面介绍一些限定词（包括相应的不定代词〕的某些习惯用法问题.( 本节所讲的"不定代词"多属于"名词性替代词"（NOMINAL SUBSTITUTE〕,参见37.1) 1〕many, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 表示"多"的意思,可用many, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等.但是many, much常用于否定句和疑问句,而a lot of等则常用于肯定句.例如： I haven"t seen many English films. 多数英文电影我没看过. many修饰可数名词 Have you seen many English films? 多数的英文电影你都看过吗? many修饰可数名词 I haven"t done much work today. 我还没有做多少活呢. much修饰不可数名词 Have you done much work today? 今天你已经做了很多活吗? much修饰不可数名词 I have seen a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great number of English films. 我已经看了多部英文电影. number修饰可数名词 I have done a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great amount of work today. 今天我已经做了很多活.amount修饰不可数名词 many / much 既可作限定词,也可作不定代词（INDEFINITE PRONOUN〕,a lot 也可单独用作名词词组： Have you done all these exercises? ----No, I haven"t done very many. Have you done much work today? ----Yes, I"ve done a lot. 当然,以上所讲many / much常用于否定句和疑问句并不是绝对的,尤其是在下列场合many / much也常用于肯定句： a) 用于whether / if引导的宾语分句中.例如： I doubt whether / if there"ll be many people at the show on this rainy day. 我怀疑在这个雨天里会有很多人看表演. I wonder whether / if he has much information on this subject. 我想知道在这个题目上他是否知道很多消息

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导语：学习英语最重要的就是理解与应用能力，下面是我收集整理的关于英语的谜语，欢迎大家阅读参考! 关于英文的谜语【1】 1.What month do soldiers hate? --March (三月，行军) 2.How many feet are there in a yard? --It depends on how many people stand in the yard. (码，院子) 3.Why is an empty purse always the same? --There is no change in it. (零钱，变化) 4.What book has the most stirring chapters? --A cook book. (动人的"，搅拌的) 5.What kind of dog doesn"t bite or bark? --Hot dog. (热狗) 6.What is the smallest room in the world? --Mushroom. (蘑菇) 7.What kind of water should people drink in order to be healthy? --Drink well water. (井水，健康的) 8.How do we know the ocean is friendly? --It waves. (起波浪，招手致意) 9.Which can move faster, heat or cold? --Heat, because you can catch cold. (追上冷，患感冒) 10.Why is the library the highest building? --It has the most stories. (故事，(楼)层) 关于英文的谜语【2】 Where can happiness always be found? 【谜底:In the dictionary】 What comes after the letter “A”? 【谜底:All the other letters】 What makes the Tower of Pisa lean? 【谜底:It never eats.】 How many sides does a house have? 【谜底:Two-inside and outside.】 What is the smallest room in the world? 【谜底:mushroom】 Why don"t you advertise for your lost dog? 【谜底:He can"t read.】 What is smaller than an insect"s mouth? 【谜底:Anything it eats.】 When do you go as fast as a racing car? 【谜底:When you are in it.】 What do workers do in a clock factory? 【谜底:They make faces all day.】 What can you break with only one word? 【谜底:Silence】 What question can you never answer “yes”。 【谜底:Are you asleep】 What is the best thing to keep in hot weather? 【谜底:Cool】 What do you know about the kings of France? 【谜底:They are all dead】 What rises in the morning and waves all day? 【谜底:A flag】 I am the tallest animal in the world.What am I? 【谜底:a giraffe】 What word can you make shorter by adding to it? 【谜底:Short】 How many great men have been born in London? 【谜底:None. Only babies.】 Why is it useless to send a letter to Washington? 【谜底:Because he"s dead.】 What"s the hardest thing about learning skating? 【谜底:The ice】

documentaries读作[ˌdɑkjəˈment(ə)ries]documentaries是documentary的复数形式，意思是adj.纪实的；有文件记录的；n.【影视】纪录片；记实；纪实探索。有关documentary的例句如下：This great battle was vividly recorded in the documentary film .这部记录片生动地再现了这场伟大的战役。Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment .她最近的一部纪录片是关于青年人失业问题的。You disclosed your documentary evidence to american newspapermen .你对美国新闻界人士透露了你的档案材料。Beneath this documentary air, there lay a deep pessimism .在这种记实性的外观之下，潜伏着一种浓厚的悲观情绪。He equips the story with a map, and adds documentary chapters .他在那部小说里插印了一幅地图，还加了一些文件式的篇章。

include和including的区别解析如下:include和including都可表示“包括”，但用法有所不同，具体有以下几点。1、include和其他普通动词一样，直接接在主语后，有时态和数的变化，而including则不是如此。My job includes writing and teaching.我的工作包括写作和授课。(include有数的变化，主语三单时，采用了第三人称单数形式) The price included the meals.这个价格包括了餐费。2、include也可用于被动语态，而including不可,因为including不是过去分词。 The meals are included in the price.餐费包含在了价格里面。(be动词+过去分词included，构成被动语态)3、including,是动词-ing形式，经常用在句末，引出要补充的内容，相当于介词的作用。注意including但不可用构成进行时态。The bag costs me 300 yuan including tax.这个包含税在内花了我300元。Many people were on the list including your son.很多人都在名单上面，包括你的儿子。 The book is including 10 chapters. (x) The book includes 10 chapters.(N)注意include表示“包括”，一般不说“正在包括”，所以不能用including构成进行时态。

IamChinese,andI"m14yeasold,youguyscancallmeLinMing.Hmm......IonlycanspeakalittlebitEnglish.Ithinkyouguysareveryniceandfriendly,Ilovethereverymuch.

include和including的区别解析如下:include和including都可表示“包括”，但用法有所不同，具体有以下几点。1、include和其他普通动词一样，直接接在主语后，有时态和数的变化，而including则不是如此。My job includes writing and teaching.我的工作包括写作和授课。(include有数的变化，主语三单时，采用了第三人称单数形式) The price included the meals.这个价格包括了餐费。2、include也可用于被动语态，而including不可,因为including不是过去分词。 The meals are included in the price.餐费包含在了价格里面。(be动词+过去分词included，构成被动语态)3、including,是动词-ing形式，经常用在句末，引出要补充的内容，相当于介词的作用。注意including但不可用构成进行时态。The bag costs me 300 yuan including tax.这个包含税在内花了我300元。Many people were on the list including your son.很多人都在名单上面，包括你的儿子。 The book is including 10 chapters. (x) The book includes 10 chapters.(N)注意include表示“包括”，一般不说“正在包括”，所以不能用including构成进行时态。

include和including的区别解析如下:include和including都可表示“包括”，但用法有所不同，具体有以下几点。1、include和其他普通动词一样，直接接在主语后，有时态和数的变化，而including则不是如此。My job includes writing and teaching.我的工作包括写作和授课。(include有数的变化，主语三单时，采用了第三人称单数形式) The price included the meals.这个价格包括了餐费。2、include也可用于被动语态，而including不可,因为including不是过去分词。 The meals are included in the price.餐费包含在了价格里面。(be动词+过去分词included，构成被动语态)3、including,是动词-ing形式，经常用在句末，引出要补充的内容，相当于介词的作用。注意including但不可用构成进行时态。The bag costs me 300 yuan including tax.这个包含税在内花了我300元。Many people were on the list including your son.很多人都在名单上面，包括你的儿子。 The book is including 10 chapters. (x) The book includes 10 chapters.(N)注意include表示“包括”，一般不说“正在包括”，所以不能用including构成进行时态。

正大光明、正人君子、正气凛然、正襟危坐、正本清源、正中下怀、正法眼藏、正心诚意、正始之音、正经八百、正身清心、正直无私、正声雅音、正正之旗、正身率下、正理平治、正身明法。1、正大光明读音：zhèng dà guāng míng 解释：行为正派，襟怀坦白。出处：宋·朱熹《答吕伯恭书》:“大抵圣贤之心，正大光明，洞然四达。”翻译：大多数圣人贤者，都是行为正派，胸襟坦荡的。2、正人君子读音：zhèng rén jūn zǐ 解释：指品行端正、遵守道德的人。也用于讽刺伪善的人。出处：西汉·刘昫《旧唐书·崔胤传》:“胤所悦者阘茸下辈，所恶者正人君子。人人悚惧，朝不保夕。”翻译：我所高兴的品格卑劣的人，所厌恶的正人君子。人人恐惧，朝不保夕。3、正气凛然读音：zhèng qì lǐn rán 解释：正气：刚正之气。凛然：可敬畏的样子。形容正气威严不可侵犯。出处：罗广斌、杨益言《红岩》第十章：“许云峰把椅子一推，正气凛然地站在大厅当中，昂头命令道:‘送我回监狱！"”4、正襟危坐读音： zhèng jīn wēi zuò 含义：整好衣襟，端端正正地坐着。形容严肃、恭敬或拘谨的样子。出处：西汉·司马迁《史记·日者列传》：“猎缨正襟危坐。” 翻译：收揽冠带，整好衣襟，端端正正地坐着。5、正本清源读音： zhèng běn qīng yuán 含义：从根本上整顿，从源头上清理。比喻从根本上彻底解决问题。出处：唐·房玄龄等人《晋书·武帝纪》：“思与天下式明王度，正本清源。”翻译：想和全天下开明的君主一样，从根本上整顿。

【谈“性”色不变】在这个世界上，得到自由的人真的很少。大多数人都不得不为生计奔忙。历史上，所有的精神产品都是贵族创造的，就是因为他们游手好闲，无所事事，穷极无聊。说到底是有时间，有自由，去做自己喜欢的、有趣的事情，于是就创造出了真正美好和有趣的东西。生而为人，必须清醒的认识到我们的终极目标是为人类解放而斗争。——丁俊贵一、性是一切人类行为的原动力当你翻开心理学家弗洛伊德的著作，你会发现这位大师认为：性是一切人类行为的原动力。回想一下自己的学生时代，那些在篮球场上挥汗如雨的男生，每逢场外女生围观，总是更有表现的欲望，甚至达到超常发挥。这或许是篮球比赛时，总是面容姣好身材火辣的女孩子做拉拉队给球员加油助威的原因吧！如果啦啦队员都换成彪形大汉，那可真是不合时宜！女孩子为了吸引心仪的男生，会节食、减肥、锻炼身体，得到更好的身材，进而捕获心目中的男神。性欲对于男人的作用要比对女性更加强大，不知多少男性的拼命奋斗都是由雄性激素在支撑，为了心目中的女神，想尽办法成为更优秀的人。正如肖骁所说：一个好的员工一定是带着性欲工作的。电影《美国往事》中，主人公“面条”在潦倒回乡时，故地重游，回到了当时他偷窥黛博拉的地方。他想起了自己年轻的时候，黛博拉的舞姿，刺激着他的欲望。而最后，黛博拉露出了女神般圣洁的裸体，面条睁大了眼睛，将这一幕深深刻在脑海里。此时我们明白面条跌宕起伏的一生中，支撑他的最大动力，就是来自于他脑海里那副画面。二、比基尼文化的意义1953年4月初，在戛纳的一片海滩上，18岁的碧姬·芭铎现身于全球媒体前，宣传她的新电影《此恨绵绵》，这是世界在性方面迈向现代的一步。她身穿一套印有花朵图案的比基尼泳衣，而在那之前，这种衣物很少出现在镜头里（在美国，1961年前，荧幕上出现肚脐眼是违法的）——就在此前一年，教皇庇护十二世曾对比基尼进行谴责，称其容易助长罪恶、有碍道德。而后短短几十年的时间里，比基尼似乎变成了正常生活中早已存在的一部分——也就是“解放了的”生活里的一部分。比基尼自然不仅仅是一件衣服。它代表了一种看待身体和性的方式。没有羞耻和罪恶感，没有难堪的、被压抑的过去带来的遗存，预示着洋溢的热情和自如的姿态。比基尼将现代性与古罗马人和希腊人的异教自由联系起来，在古希腊罗马时期，人们知晓如何为身体的美感和运动精神感到骄傲，这在他们的雕塑、马赛克镶嵌画和奥运会比赛中都有所反映。基督教把碧姬·芭铎与罗马人分离开来。数百年来，教会一直在对肉体发动战争，把裸体与亚当和夏娃的原罪联系在一起，我们的羞耻感仿佛成了对我们先祖罪过的惩罚。我们中的许多人看到自己的躯体会感到极度不适，这仅仅证明了有关人类的一个基本事实：我们是罪人的后代。比基尼所代表的性观念，虽然完全是出于好意，但可能反而会让我们对在性冲动的伴随下生活的种种现实准备不足。这种性观念发现，它很难承认，在某些时候，对于我们大多数人来说，性可能会和一切看起来干净、善良和快乐的事情站在直接对立的立场上。它可能会激发我们心中鞭笞、贬低、侮辱、被粗暴对待的欲望，以及说出、做出与理性的自我形象直接相悖的事情的欲望。这种积极阳光的观念暗示性应该是“正常的”，但这反而会让我们更加孤独，更加困惑，更加不正常，尤其是在某些时候，性活动显然不是坦率的，我们发现自己——多数人都会这样——渴望那些在被认定为合乎理智的人类本性中毫无立足之地的行为，它们虽然不是“有罪的”，但肯定是阴暗而特殊的。当面临欲望与爱的分离，以比基尼为代表的现代性观念也不能足够恰当地帮助我们理解这一情境的存在；一段时间后，你爱的人很有可能不再是你想睡的那个人；有太多陌生人，甚至可能是你讨厌或不喜欢的陌生人，会让我们忍不住冒险相约，而在我们的欲望得到纾解的下一刻，我们便会对此后悔不已。对于那些不合时宜的性活动这种阴暗常态，现代的性观念并没有向我们给出任何令人安心的叙述。旧世界使得人们很难讨论性问题。现代社会则使我们能更轻易地拿它们开玩笑；我们乐于分享我们猎艳和欲望的细节。但是，在提及真正不常规的方面时——罪恶感，极度下流的想法——我们并不比旧世界做得更好。事实上，我们所处的境地可能更糟，而这恰恰是因为我们理应已经被解放，我们理应已然克服了尴尬和恐惧，我们理应是干净、精力充沛、快乐的现代人。然而在我们的内心深处，我们中的许多人正悄悄地因为性痛苦和性体验而失去理智，它们带来的感受就和中世纪僧侣可能经历过的一样超乎常规。在人类文化的发展中，性的羞耻心始终扮演着一个重要的角色。性的羞耻心不只意味着禁忌和掩饰，它更来自对于差异的敏感、兴奋和好奇。在个体发育中，我们同样可以看到，性的羞耻心的萌发是与个人心灵生活的丰富化过程微妙地交织在一起的。性永远会是一种过于强大、过于激进的力量，无法合乎所谓的“正常”。它天生就是逾越的——而其结构本身也决定了它必须如此。最明智的态度或许是假定我们无法重返伊甸园，并对任何讲述无忧无虑或人类堕落之前的欲望的故事持高度怀疑的态度，不管它们来自大溪地还是古罗马。性的未来不在于想象它可以变得简单而纯洁，而在于承认它有着不可避免的古怪之处，并积蓄勇气和黑色幽默来面对它。丘比特并不直接向我们射箭，以此让我们误入歧途，但是在我们的内心深处有一种驱动力，它会把我们带往远到惊人的地方——远远偏离理智掌控一切时会把我们引向的地方。我们需要一种新的语言，在这种语言中，我们能够承认性是多么古怪而可怕，多么迷人又邪恶，现在是这样，将来也会一直如此。那才是真正的解放。三、创造力和性欲尼采特别强调艺术和性的关系，他提出一个概念叫“艺术生理学”，他说艺术家都是生命本能特别强健的人，更直接地说，就是性欲旺盛的人，但是他认为，这种力量不应该消耗掉，一定程度上的节制是必要的，他称之为艺术家的经济学。弗洛伊德的“原欲受阻精神升华”认为，无处宣泄的性欲是人们创造的原动力，创造力和性欲应当是成正比的。1929年，草间弥生出生在日本松本市一个富裕而保守的家庭，父母Kaman Kusuma和Shigeru Kusuma之间没有爱情可言。由于母亲一族家业兴旺，入赘的父亲被迫按照当时的风俗随了妻姓。据说，此事让他觉得颜面扫地，决心使用一系列手段重振男性权威。草间弥生的母亲强迫女儿监视父亲，结果看见他与其他女性亲热。这件事给草间弥生的心理留下了巨大阴影，后来也成了她创作的题材。“我父亲有很多情人，我不得不替母亲视监他，”草间弥生在2012年接受Time Out采访时坦言，“因为我母亲十分愤怒，因此我一想到性就很痛苦。我的作品……一直都是关于如何克服那些糟糕经历的。”弗洛伊德从动机视角来解读创造力，他认为创造力源于性欲及习得的社会规范的深层冲突，因为内在的欲望无法尽情释放，性能量被转化为可以接受的形式：艺术幻梦及作品。人人都有原始性欲，但人们在创造力的表现上却有差异。原因在于有创造力的人悦纳他们的欲望，而其他人则尽力抑制他们。精神分析学家一直认为，性欲是很多创作品的基石。西格蒙德·弗洛伊德曾评论道：“艺术家首先是个脱离现实的人，因为他无法放弃本能满足，而活在现实世界首先就要放弃这一点；艺术家也是一个让自己的情色愿望、非分欲望在幻想世界自由驰骋的人。然而，他也有办法从幻想世界回到现实世界，即运用他独特的天赋把他的幻想印刻在某种现实之物上，制成艺术品。人们很珍视这种艺术品，认为它们反映了现实。”尽管性欲和创造力的关系一直很密切，但不是所有富有创造力的人的性态度都是一样的。有些人过于放纵，而另外一些人则坚决禁欲。对于后者来说，禁欲会催生很高的创造力。尽管存在某些特例，但是普通大众往往认为艺术家类型的人——不愿受世俗约束的人——性欲更强、做爱更多。当然，这种看法可能成为自我实现预言，即富有创造力的人别无选择，只有遵照这些期望。他们甚至是因为能够获得更多性快感，而走上艺术道路。自石器时代开始，具有艺术气质的人更能吸引异性与之交配。全世界的人在恋爱求欢时，都会说很多情话，这些甜言蜜语是很好的催情剂。我们的远古祖先，是否有些人比另外一些人更善于表达自己，不管是用语言还是用某种艺术方式？“来看看我的版画”，这一邀请是否带有原始的诱惑？与人搭讪或者引人注意的本领，是否可以看作人类进化的固有一面呢？是富有创造力的人喜欢招蜂引蝶？还是艺术能力是某种用于求爱的炫耀之物进化而来的？不管哪种观点更具有进化学意义上的真实性，但有一点是确定的——富有创造力的人充满魅力，因此能得到更多的关注。这让我们进一步提出另一轮“鸡生蛋还是蛋生鸡”的问题。谁在先，性欲还是创造力？受到公众关注的人物同我们这些创造力较低的普通人相比，拥有更多的性爱机会。富有创造力的人一般过着放浪形骸的生活，一有机会，他们随时可以与人发生性关系，释放性冲动。他们的伴侣也许并不指望他们忠诚专一，社会对富有创造力的人的性行为也更宽容。当然，大众不光崇拜富有创造力的人，还崇拜那些了不起的人——伟大的运动员、发明家、演讲家、演员，甚至魔术师。我们的推测有多少事实依据呢？富有创造力的人的性生活真的比我们其他人更加狂野吗？也许他们只是将自己的性生活描述得更好而已。尽管也许他们的思想很开放，对性爱寄予很高的期望，有非常出格的性体验，但是效果怎么样，谁也不知道，毕竟说得好做得差的情况是很常见的。历史上，我们一直把艺术家的放荡生活与滥交联系起来，这不仅仅是因为，在他们的作品里经常出现露骨的性主题。彩绘、素描、雕塑、行为艺术、电影以及其他艺术媒介，一直在为性欲的表达提供机会。情色艺术是性幻想最直接的创造性表现，反映了生活真实的一面。古今中外历史上，很多著名成功者都是性欲极其旺盛的人。比如写出了《巴黎圣母院》与《悲惨世界》的法国大文豪维克多雨果。最大的乐趣之一就是逛妓院，每天晚上不怎么睡觉，只想和妻子缠绵，直到70多岁时，还在交22岁的女朋友。德国著名作曲家瓦格纳，据他的朋友说，他随便到哪个地方旅游都会开始一段新恋情，此外，瓦格纳还对别人的老婆分外感兴趣。对爱欲的追求，男女并无分别。女作家乔治.桑之所以成名，并不只是因为她写出了《安蒂亚娜》。还因为她和李斯特、肖邦、福楼拜等人都有着亲密的关系。唐朝才女鱼玄机，以道姑之身行风流之事，有关她的传说流传至今，影视文学作品层出不穷。她“易得无价宝，难得有情郎”的诗句被人传颂。美国作家曼佛雷德在《性、金钱、幸福与死亡》中指明:性欲越强,创造力也就越强。如果你的男（女）朋友整天都想着啪啪啪，那么恭喜你，你可能找到了一个“天才”！丁俊贵2020年9月27日

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