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高铁上英文广播词播放整理

2023-08-17 05:14:44
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okok云

我们坐高铁的时候,经常会听到一些不懂的英语,但是还好,我们是在中国,还有着中文的讲解,那么,如果我在国外呢?我们听不明白坐过站怎么办呢?所以大家还是要简单的明白一些这些语言讲述的是什么。

那么,接下来,小编就来给大家好好的讲述一些高铁上必须要用到的一些英文吧!

常用语句

1、女士们、先生们,你们好,欢迎您乘坐上海客运段列车出行,我代表全体乘务人员向您问好!为了您的旅行安全,请您注意以下事项:

Ladiesandgentlemen,welcomeaboardthetrain.It"smypleasuretoextendourbestregardstoyouonbehalfofallthecrewmembers.

Foryoursafety,Pleasepayattentiontothesafetyinstructionofthistrain.

2、上车时请您注意车票上的车次和停靠站,并请对号入座。请将您随身携带的行李物品放置在行李架或车厢一端的大件行李处,放置稳妥。

Pleasemakesureofyourtrainnumberanddestination.Pleasebeseatedaccordingtotheseatnumberonyourticket.

Yourbelongingsshouldbestowedsafelyonthespecifiedracksortheluggageroomonthefarendofthecoach.

3、乘坐列车时您可以参阅《乘车服务指南》或咨询乘务人员来了解车内服务设施的具体情况和使用方法。为了保持设备设施功能良好,请您在使用时多加爱护。

PleaserefertotheTrainServiceGuideorconsultthecrewmembersifyouwanttoknowmoredetailsandusageofthecoachfacilities.

4、乘坐动车组列车时严禁吸烟,如有违反者,乘警将依据《铁路安全管理条例》进行处罚。

Smokingisstrictlyprohibitedduringthewholetrip.Pleasedonotsmokeinanyareaonboard.

AnyviolatorswillbepunishedbythetrainpoliceaccordingtotheRegulationsontheAdministrationofRailwaySafety.

5、列车车厢内涂有红色标记的安全设施是紧急情况下使用的,请不要随意碰触,以免影响列车运行。

Thedeviceswithredmarksareforemergencyonly.Donottouchthemsoastoavoidanyaccident.

6、有小朋友的旅客请勿让儿童在车厢内奔跑、打闹、攀爬座椅、手扶门缝、触碰电茶炉等,以免发生意外伤害。

Pleasetakegoodcareofyourchildren.Inordertoavoidanyaccident,pleasedonotletthemrunorrompaboutinthecoach,orclimbtheseatsorholdthecrackofthedoorortouchtheelectricwaterboiler.

7、列车发生紧急情况时,请听从列车工作人员安排。感谢您的关注,祝您旅途愉快!

Incaseofemergency,pleasefollowthetrainattendantsinstructions.Thanksforyourattention.Wewishyouhaveasafeandapleasantjourney.

8、女士们先生们早晨好,欢迎乘坐中国高铁我们的终点站是哈尔滨西站,现在我们到达的是沈阳北站,门会在左侧打开

Goodmorningladiesandgentleman,welcometotakeChinarailwayhigh-speedtrian,ourdestinationisharbinweststation,wearenowinShenYangNorthstation,thedoorwillbeopenintheleftside.

9、女士们,先生们!前方到站是XX站,请下车的旅客提前整理自己的行李,做好下次准备,您下车时从列车运行方向的前部车门下车,XX站就要到了!

LadiesandGentlmen,weareapproachingstationXXstation,pleasecheckyourluggageandpreparetogetoffthetrain,pleasealightfrontdoorofthiscarriage,

andletpassengersalightfirstbeforeboardingthetrain,wearearrivingatstationXXstation.

Goodmorningladiesandgentleman,welcometotakechinarailwayhigh-speedtrian,ourdestinationisXXXweststation,wearenowinXXXNorthstation,thedoorwillbeopenintheleftside.

常用词汇:

trialoperation/run试运行

dedicatedraillink铁路专线

businessclass商务座

speedcut减速

testperiod测试期间

technicalreliability技术可靠性

dual-speedsystem双速制

non-stoptrain直达列车

staggeredparking交错停车

track铁轨

rollingstock轨道车辆

intercityhigh-speedrail城际高铁

breakdowns故障

runchart运行图

bullettrain(motorcar动车

high-speedtrain(rail高铁

好了,虽然这些不是必须要知道的,但是我们还是要明白,这样也防止以后我们遇到一些必须要用到的情况也不会太过于茫然。

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名词概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义,名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。1. 专有名词:指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。注:专有名词的首字母通常要大写。若是专名名词词组,则其中每个单词的首字母要大写;若是缩略词,则通常每个字母都大写;称呼家人的 mum, dad, father, mother 等有时也可小写。2. 普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。具体地说,它可分为个体名词、集合名词、物质名词和抽象名词。其中个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体,如girl(女孩)等;集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如 audience(观众,听众)等;物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物,如water(水)等;抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如work(工作),happiness(幸福)等。名词概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义,名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。1. 专有名词:指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。注:专有名词的首字母通常要大写。若是专名名词词组,则其中每个单词的首字母要大写;若是缩略词,则通常每个字母都大写;称呼家人的 mum, dad, father, mother 等有时也可小写。2. 普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。具体地说,它可分为个体名词、集合名词、物质名词和抽象名词。其中个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体,如girl(女孩)等;集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如 audience(观众,听众)等;物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物,如water(水)等;抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如work(工作),happiness(幸福)等。名词的数的问题 1. 名词复数的规则变化 (1) 一般情况加词尾 -s,如 book / books, desk / desks等。(2) 以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词,通常加词尾 -es:bus / buses, box / boxes, dish / dishes等。(3) 以y 结尾的名词,其复数构成要分两种情况:以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,将 y 改为 ies;以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接加词尾-s:city / cities, toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。2. 复数规则变化的几点说明 (1) 以 ch 结尾的名词变复数时加词尾-es,指的是 ch 读音为[tF]时;若ch的读音为[k],则其复数应加词尾-s,如 stomach[tstQmEk]是 stomachs,而不是 stomaches。(2) 以y结尾的专有名词,直接加词尾s变复数。如:There are two Marys in our class. (3) 以 o 结尾的名词,有些加词尾 -s,有些加-es,但在中学英语范围内,以o结尾的名词变复数加词尾-es 的主要有以下4个:tomato(西红柿),potato(土豆),hero(英雄),Negro(黑人)。注:有些以o 结尾的名词在变复数时加-s或-es均可,如zero / zero(e)s(零)等。(4) 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,也有两种可能:即有些直接加词尾-s,有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves:roof / roofs(屋顶),knife / knives(小刀)等。但在中学英语范围内,要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词:wife(妻子),life(生命),knife(小刀),leaf(树叶),thief(贼),half(一半),self(自己),shelf(架子),loaf(面包),wolf(狼)。注:中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)在变复数时有两种形式:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves,但在现代英语中,以用 handkerchiefs 为多见。3. 单数与复数同形的名词。这类名词不多,主要的有:sheep 绵羊 fish 鱼 deer 鹿Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人 Portuguese 葡萄牙人Swiss 瑞士人 aircraft 飞行器 means 方法series 系列 head (牛等的)头数 works 工厂注:(1) fish 有时也用 fishes 这样的复数形式,尤其是表示种类时;head 若不是表示牲口的“头数”,而是表示“人的头”或“人数”,则要用 heads 这样的复数形式。(2) 由汉语拼音形式出现的名词,其复数与单数同形,如 fifty yuan(5元),thirty fen(3角),five li(5里),ten mu(10亩)等。4. 名词复数的不规则变化。有的名词单数变复数时,没有一定的规则,需特别记忆:man / men 男人 woman / women 女人child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齿foot / feet 脚 goose / geese 鹅mouse / mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛注:(1) 一些以 man, woman 结尾的合成词,在构成复数时与 man, woman 的变化形式相同,如:policeman / policemen(警察), Englishman / Englishmen (英国人),等等。但是 human(人),German(德国人),Walkman(随身听)不是合成词,它们的复数要按一般规则变化,即为 humans, Germans, Walkmans,而不是 humen, Germen, Walkmen。又如Bowman是姓,其复数是Bowmans,不是 Bowmen。(2) foot表示“英尺”时,其复数可以有两种形式 feet / foot,如:He is about six feet [foot] tall. 他大约6英尺高。5. 复合名词变复数的方法。复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数:passer-by / passers-by 过路人 looker-on / lookers-on 旁观者若没有主要名词,则通常在最后一个词尾加s:know-all / know-alls 万事通对于由man / woman用于另一名词前构成的合成名词,则需将两者变为复数:man nurse / nurse doctors 男护士woman lawyer / women lawyers 女律师名词根据其可数性,可分为可数名词和不可数名词。一般说来,个体名词和大部分集合名词是可数的;而专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词以及小部分集合名词则通常是不可数的。但是这种区分只是大致的,原则性的,并不是绝对的。比如,在通常情况下专有名词具有“独一无二”性,因此它通常没有复数形式,即不可数。但是,专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的,随着范围的扩大,这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内,只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一个月中甚至一年中,便有多个星期六,多个星期日了。又如,在一个小范围内,可能只有一个 Henry,但在一个较大的范围内则可能有多个 Henry, 因此我们有时会见到类似以下这样的句子:We have spent many happy Sundays there. There are five Henrys in our school. 另外,物质名词在通常情况下不能分为个体,所以它通常是不可数的。但是,在某些特殊情况下(如表示种类等),有些物质名词也可以连用不定冠词或用复数形式。如:Will you have tea or coffee Two coffees, please! 再如,抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的,因此它通常是不可数的。但是,有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词,表示具有某种性质的人、事物或行为(可数)。如:She did this out of kindness. 指抽象意义)He has done me many kindnesses. 指好意的行为)名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义,名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。 1. 专有名词:指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如:Jim 吉姆 China 中国 Mr. Smith 史密斯先生July 七月 Friday 星期五 the Yellow River 黄河Christmas 圣诞节 English 英语 A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》注:专有名词的首字母通常要大写。若是专名名词词组,则其中每个单词的首字母要大写;若是缩略词,则通常每个字母都大写;称呼家人的 mum, dad, father, mother 等有时也可小写。2. 普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。具体地说,它可分为个体名词、集合名词、物质名词和抽象名词。其中个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体,如girl(女孩)等;集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如 audience(观众,听众)等;物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物,如water(水)等;抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如work(工作),happiness(幸福)等。编辑本段名词的数的问题 1. 名词复数的规则变化 (1) 一般情况加词尾 -s,如 book / books, desk / desks等。(2) 以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词,通常加词尾 -es:bus / buses, box / boxes, dish / dishes等。(3) 以y 结尾的名词,其复数构成要分两种情况:以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,将 y 改为 ies;以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接加词尾-s:city / cities, toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。2. 复数规则变化的几点说明 (1) 以 ch 结尾的名词变复数时加词尾-es,指的是 ch 读音为[tF]时;若ch的读音为[k],则其复数应加词尾-s,如 stomach[tstQmEk]是 stomachs,而不是 stomaches。(2) 以y结尾的专有名词,直接加词尾s变复数。如:There are two Marys in our class. 我们班在两个玛丽。(3) 以 o 结尾的名词,有些加词尾 -s,有些加-es,但在中学英语范围内,以o结尾的名词变复数加词尾-es 的主要有以下4个:tomato(西红柿),potato(土豆),hero(英雄),Negro(黑人)。注:有些以o 结尾的名词在变复数时加-s或-es均可,如zero / zero(e)s(零)等。(4) 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,也有两种可能:即有些直接加词尾-s,有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves:roof / roofs(屋顶),knife / knives(小刀)等。但在中学英语范围内,要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词):wife(妻子),life(生命),knife(小刀),leaf(树叶),thief(贼),half(一半),self(自己),shelf(架子),loaf(面包),wolf(狼)。注:中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)在变复数时有两种形式:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves,但在现代英语中,以用 handkerchiefs 为多见。3. 单数与复数同形的名词。这类名词不多,主要的有:sheep 绵羊 fish 鱼 deer 鹿Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人 Portuguese 葡萄牙人Swiss 瑞士人 aircraft 飞行器 means 方法series 系列 head (牛等的)头数 works 工厂注:(1) fish 有时也用 fishes 这样的复数形式,尤其是表示种类时;head 若不是表示牲口的“头数”,而是表示“人的头”或“人数”,则要用 heads 这样的复数形式。(2) 由汉语拼音形式出现的名词,其复数与单数同形,如 fifty yuan(5元),thirty fen(3角),five li(5里),ten mu(10亩)等。4. 名词复数的不规则变化。有的名词单数变复数时,没有一定的规则,需特别记忆:man / men 男人 woman / women 女人child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齿foot / feet 脚 goose / geese 鹅mouse / mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛注:(1) 一些以 man, woman 结尾的合成词,在构成复数时与 man, woman 的变化形式相同,如:policeman / policemen(警察), Englishman / Englishmen (英国人),等等。但是 human(人),German(德国人),Walkman(随身听)不是合成词,它们的复数要按一般规则变化,即为 humans, Germans, Walkmans,而不是 humen, Germen, Walkmen。又如Bowman是姓,其复数是Bowmans,不是 Bowmen。(2) foot表示“英尺”时,其复数可以有两种形式 feet / foot,如:He is about six feet [foot] tall. 他大约6英尺高。5. 复合名词变复数的方法。复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数:passer-by / passers-by 过路人 looker-on / lookers-on 旁观者若没有主要名词,则通常在最后一个词尾加s:know-all / know-alls 万事通对于由man / woman用于另一名词前构成的合成名词,则需将两者变为复数:man nurse / nurse doctors 男护士woman lawyer / women lawyers 女律师编辑本段名词的可数性问题 名词根据其可数性,可分为可数名词和不可数名词。一般说来,个体名词和大部分集合名词是可数的;而专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词以及小部分集合名词则通常是不可数的。但是这种区分只是大致的,原则性的,并不是绝对的。比如,在通常情况下专有名词具有“独一无二”性,因此它通常没有复数形式,即不可数。但是,专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的,随着范围的扩大,这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内,只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一个月中甚至一年中,便有多个星期六,多个星期日了。又如,在一个小范围内,可能只有一个 Henry,但在一个较大的范围内则可能有多个 Henry, 因此我们有时会见到类似以下这样的句子:We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。There are five Henrys in our school. 我们学校有五个亨利。另外,物质名词在通常情况下不能分为个体,所以它通常是不可数的。但是,在某些特殊情况下(如表示种类等),有些物质名词也可以连用不定冠词或用复数形式。如:Will you have tea or coffee 你喝茶还是喝咖啡?Two coffees, please! 请来两杯咖啡!再如,抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的,因此它通常是不可数的。但是,有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词,表示具有某种性质的人、事物或行为(可数)。如:She did this out of kindness. 她这样做是出于好心。(指抽象意义)He has done me many kindnesses. 他对我很关心。(指好意的行为)编辑本段名词的格的问题 1. 名词格的种类:英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-"s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。2. –"s所有格的构成方法:单数名词或不带复数词尾-s的复数名词尾均加词加-s 构成所有格,但若复数名词已带有词尾-s,则只加省字撇(")构成所有格。如:We found the man"s wallet in a women"s room. 我们在女厕所找到了这个人的钱包。The test is beyond the students" abilities. 这测试超过了学生的能力。注:(1) 对于带词尾-s的单数名词,通常仍加-"s,而对于带词尾-s的人名,可加-"s 或只加省字撇("):I"m glad at the boss"s promise to increase the workers" pay. 我很高兴老板答应提高工人们的工资。(2) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别带有 -"s,则表示“分别有”;若只带一个 –"s,则表示“两者共有”。如:This is Tom and Jim"s room, and these are Jack"s and Mary"s rooms. 这间汤姆和吉姆的房间(两人共用),这两间是杰克和玛丽(各自)的房间。3. -"s所有格的用法特点:-"s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也可用于无生命的东西,如用于表时间的名词后、用于表国家、城市的名词后、用于组织机构后、用于某些集合名词、用于度量衡及价值名词后等。如:What are today"s assignments 今天的作业是什么She"s had several months" experience. 她已有了几个月的经验。Hainan is China"s second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛。Let"s wait in the station"s waiting-room. 我们车站候车室等吧。注:名词所有格并不一定表示所有关系,有时可能表示其他意义,如表示类别、动作执行者或承受者等。如:This is a children"s hospital. 这是一家儿童医院。(表类别)We were all waiting for the famous popular singer"s arrival. 我们都在等那位著名流行歌曲歌手的到来。(表动作执行者)They had no money to pay for their son"s education. 他们没有钱支付儿子的教育费用。(表动作承受者)关于名词作定语 名词在句子中可用作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、同位语、呼语等,其中最需引起注意的是名词作定语,因为它不仅容易用错,而且也是英语高考的一个重要考点。关于此问题同学们应注意以下几点。如:1. 通常用单数:即在通常情况,名词作定语要用单数形式。如:chemistry lesson 化学课 flower garden花园school gate 校门 room number房间号码welcome party欢迎会 letter box信箱book report读书报告 shoe store鞋店paper flower纸花注:“数词+名词”作定语时,其中的名词要用单数形式。如:a five-year plan 五年计划 an 18-year-old girl 18岁的女孩2. 用复数作定语的情形:在某些特殊情况下也可用复数名词作定语,这主要见于某些用作定语的名词只有复数形式没有单数形式,或虽有单数形式但用于特定含义时习惯上要用复数形式。如:goods train 货车 arms depot军火库customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷an arts degree文科学位 savings bank储蓄银行另外,在某些特定表达中,用作定语的名词也通常用复数。如:careers guide 就业指导 (比较:career woman 职业女性)examinations board考试委员会 (比较:examination paper 试卷)the foreign languages department 外语系 (比较:language lab 语言实验室)
2023-08-10 05:32:174

英语书面表达关于中国高铁

在中国 一般火车就在 普通铁路上跑,速度 低于160。动车 在普通铁路和高速铁路上都有, 这段时间 中国铁路 进行了大范围的降速。现在 普通铁路上跑的动车,速度 160。 高速铁路上跑的动车 速度250 高铁 只在 高速铁路上跑,速度300。舒适性方面,动车和高铁差不多,比一般火车舒适很多。价格方面,当然 高铁最高,其次 是250的动车,再次是 160的动车。最后是 一般火车。一般火车还分为有空调和没空调的。
2023-08-10 05:32:272

2018年6月英语六级翻译答案:高铁【三个版本】

 题目:   中国目前拥有世界上最快的高速铁路网。高铁列车的运行速度还将继续提升。更多的城市将修建高铁站。高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间,相对汽车而言,高速列车的突出优势在于准时, 因为基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。高铁极大地改变了中国人的生活方式。如今,它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通工具。越来越多的人也在假日乘高铁外出旅游。还有不少年轻人选择在一个城市工作而在临近城市居住,每天乘高铁上下班。 参考译文有道考神版:   精简结构:   ①中国……有……铁路网。   ②……速度……将……提升,……城市将修建高铁站。   ③高铁……缩短了……时间。   ④相对……而言,……优势在于……,因为……不受……影响。   ⑤高铁……改变了……生活方式。   ⑥如今,它……成了……交通工具。   ⑦……人……乘高铁……旅游。   ⑧……年轻人选择在……工作……在……居住,……乘高铁上下班。   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------   参考译文:   ①China currently has the world"s largest and fastest high-speed railway network。   ②The speed of high-speed trains will continue to increase, and more cities will build high-speed rail stations。   ③High-speed rail greatly shortens people‘s travel time。   ④Comparing to airplanes, one outstanding advantages of high-speed rail trains is punctuality, because they are basically not affected by weather or traffic regulations。   ⑤High-speed rail has greatly changed the way of life of Chinese people。   ⑥Today, it has become the preferred means of transportation for many business travelers。   ⑦More and more people also travel by taking high-speed rail during holidays。   ⑧There are also many young people choosing to work in a city and live in a nearby city and commute by taking high-speed trains every day。   参考译文文都版:   Nowadays, China owns the biggest and fastest network of high speed railway in this world and its speed will continue to be increased. More cities will build high speed railway stations. The time spent in travel has been largely shortened. Owing to its feature of unaffected by the weather and traffic control basically, the outstanding advantage of high speed railway is on time compared with airplane. It has changed the lifestyle of Chinese greatly. Now, it has been the first choice for many businessmen in their business trips. An increasing number of people select high speed railway as their transportation means during their vacations. Many young people choose to work in a city but live in a neighboring city and commute by high speed railway. 参考译文网友版:   基础版   China now has the largest and fastest high-speed railway network in the world. The speed of high-speed trains will go on to be improved. More and more cities are building their high-speed railway stations. High-speed railway has greatly reduced the time people spend on travelling. Compared with planes, the outstanding advantage of high-speed train is that they arrive on time, because basically high-speed trains are not often affected by weather or traffic control. High-speed railway has greatly changed the way of Chinese people"s life. Nowadays, it has become the first choice of transportation of business trips for Chinese people. More and more people also take high-speed trains to travel on holidays. Besides, many young people choose to work in one city and live in a city next to it, and they take high-speed trains to and from work.   进阶版   China currently possesses the largest and fastest high-speed railway network in the world. The speed of high-speed trains is expected to be continuously improved, with more and more cities building their high-speed railway stations. High-speed railway significantly cuts back the time people spend on traveling. Compared with planes, the outstanding advantage of high-speed trains is their punctuality, for it is scarcely influenced by weather conditions or traffic control. High-speed railway has tremendously changed Chinese people"s lifestyle. Nowadays, it has become the first option of transportation mode when people are on business trips. A growing number of people also take the high-speed railway to travel on holidays. What"s more, some youngsters choose to work in one city while living in a neighboring one, riding high-speed trains to commute. 温馨提示:“考试采取“多题多卷”模式,试题顺序不统一,请依据试题进行核对。” ※2018年6月英语六级成绩查询时间:
2023-08-10 05:32:431

春运英文

关于春运英文如下:Spring Festival travel rush又被叫做年度全球最大规模的人口流动(the largest annual human migration in the world)。春运还有一种英文是 China"s annual Spring Festival travel rush,因为是中国特有,所以在前面加上“China"s annual”。在春节期间是中国的返乡客流高峰期(peak time for passenger transport),会有大批的人员返乡过年。在春节期间客流最大的就是火车(Train),还有现在更受欢迎的高铁动车(High-speed train)。高铁和动车虽然组成的英语单词都是一样的,但是整体的顺序是不一样的。高铁的英文缩写是CHSR(China High-speed Railway),而动车的英文缩写是CRH(China Railway High-speed)。虽然高铁和动车在很多比较专业的地方是有很大区别的,但是在普通人看来都是差不多的,并且在外国人看来也都是告诉列车,所以他们在英语中统称为“High-speed train”。在铁路列车里座位的选择也意味着价格的不同。火车上的座位一般分为:Standing ticket 站票、Hard seat 硬座、Hard sleeper 硬卧、Soft sleeper 软卧。高铁动车上的座位一般分为Second-class seat 二等座、First-class seat 一等座、Business-class seat 商务座。不过既然已经到春运了,就多学习一些出行的句子吧!Is there an airport bus to the city? 这里有从机场去市中心的巴士吗 ?Where is the bus stop (taxi stand)? 巴士车站在哪里 ?How much does it cost to the city centre by taxi? 乘计程车到市中心需要多少钱?
2023-08-10 05:32:501

关于高铁的好处英语作文带翻译

It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway.Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation .and as also some people believe that it i...
2023-08-10 05:34:181

债务危机, 美国国债, 债务违约, 高铁, 用英语怎么说?

债务危机, debt crisis美国国债, United States public debt债务违约, debt default 高铁,High-speed railway
2023-08-10 05:34:262

描写高铁的高中满分英语作文精选

  我们国家的交通现在也算是全国数一数二的了,加上有了高铁的出现,我们的出行就更加方便了。下面是我为你整理的高铁的 英语 作文 ,希望对你有帮助!   描写高铁的 高中英语作文 篇1   It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway. Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation.and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient   .My reasons are as follows.First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses.and it is much more convenient to transport goods.for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs, and it cost much money to checked the goods. if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient, it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time.   Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world, Chinese has no pressure.   What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money , I believe China can hold it .   As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning!   描写高铁的高中英语作文篇2   More than 20 railway transportation lines totaling some 2,000 kilometers are planned for a dozen Chinese cities, said officials with the Ministry of Construction.   Railway transportation includes urban express railways, subways, light rails, and trolley cars.   Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Wuhan, and Changchun are all planning to build such a network to conquer the traffic jams and serious pollution caused by the rapid increase of the urban population and the number of automobiles in China.   The network will have the advantages of cleanliness, security, punctuality, high speed, and large transport capacity, said the officials.   Financial and technological factors have hampered the development of such a system over the past three decades, and there are now only about 90 km of underground lines in the country with some 600 subway trains in use.   Now, however, Beijing alone is planning to build a railway system composed of 13 main routes and two extensions lines totaling 408 km, and increase the railway transport proportion to 50 percent from the present 15 percent, according to local officials.   China"s first urban railway line was in Beijing and began test operations in October 1969, and the second, in Tianjin, was open to traffic in December 1984.   描写高铁的高中英语作文篇3   It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway. Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation . and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient . My reasons are as follows: First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses . and it is much more convenient to transport goods . for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs, and it cost much money to checked the goods. if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient, it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time. Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world, Chinese has no pressure. What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money , I believe China can hold it . As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning!   描写高铁的高中英语作文篇4   It"s five o "clock in the morning, and maybe we"re still in the middle of a dream, and our family has already packed and cleaned up. Because our family is going to zhengzhou. At 7 o "clock, we took a taxi and started at the west station. A lot of cars along the way, because of the high speed, the car all the way to the state, so even sanmenxia traffic police out to maintain traffic order.   Finally to the west station, my god, I don"t know why the world is cricket. Walk into the hall, and there are crickets. At this time, at 8 o "clock, the ticket office didn"t open, so I had to buy a ticket by the ticket machine. On the first and second flights of zhengzhou, the high-speed trains were all full, so we had to look at xi "an. At 10:58, we had a train and five tickets, so we had to set foot on the bus to xi "an.   Close to harmony of silver body, feel like the name of the train is general, cordial and harmonious, because the speed is open not long, so everything is new. Entering the carriage, I couldn"t help but be shocked, the bright car top, decorate a new seat, feel very comfortable! I am a little reluctant to sit down, for fear of destroying the peace and warmth here. The train started, looked out of the window, the roadside objects moved to behind the swish sou ", it is difficult to discern the hills or trees, but we did not feel the bumps, very comfortable. The average speed of the train is 300KM/H! It is. All the way through two platforms, we arrived at our destination around 12:00...   I reluctantly went down the train, and looking back, it was resting quietly on the platform, and the changing technology made me feel the color of life again.   描写高铁的高中英语作文篇5   When I first saw on TV the speed of high-speed trains, streamlined "bullet" model, spacious and comfortable seats, elegant and dignified steward, let me miss!   I eager to consult the related information about high-speed, high capacity, large conveying capacity, high speed, good security, punctuality rate, comfortable and convenient, low energy consumption and environmental impact of light, good economic benefit incomparable advantages, represents the direction of railway development, "five longitudinal and six horizontal seven wired" planning outline of China"s future 30 years the good blueprint of high-speed development, this is China"s speed, but also China"s miracle!   To be able to stay in this fast, passionate, hopeful, challenging career will be the dream that I will strive for.   With a dream and a vision, with the same enthusiasm and hope for the future, I go to school.   Perhaps, you do not have the tall buildings like other schools, but in my eyes, you are so delicate, you are so quiet, this is different you!   Perhaps, you don"t have as many famous brands as other schools, but in my eyes, you have unlimited loyalty to education, caring for the students motherly, this is the down-to-earth you!   Perhaps, like the past, you are destined to become my new Alma mater, destined to be where I dream to take off.   I believe that my youth will be more brilliant under your heart. I firmly believe that under your careful care, my high iron dream will take off here! I promise, today I am proud of you, tomorrow you are proud of me!   描写高铁的高中英语作文篇6   On the fifth day of the big year, my parents took me to the tour group to fuzhou.   We set out on a high-speed train. This is the first time that high-speed rail has been opened in the chaoshan area, so let"s not mention how excited we are. We came to the platform early to wait for the harmony train. When the sound of rumbling in the distance, like the muffled thunder rolling, we all know is the train to the station, we all stood on tiptoe, elongation neck, and looked at, very anxious to hurry up to see the face of the train. At last, only "swish," a light blue train pulled up like a long dragon, and stopped steadily, with the train head having three "harmonious" characters. Soon the door opened. "great! Great!" I shouted happily, followed the crowd, and soon found our seat. A few minutes later, the train started slowly, and then it got faster and faster, faster and faster, less than a minute, and it was already over 200 kilometers per hour. Around a car only occasionally feel a slight shake, I looked out of the window, ha ha, trees, buildings, road speed back to "run", the train is a dragon, speeding through the city and the country.   Heard from chaoshan to fuzhou before a long bus requires six hours" drive, and now sit high iron just two and a half hours, this can not help but let us praise: the development of science and technology bring people much convenience!   Soon, we arrived in fuzhou and began a happy journey. It"s comfortable to sit on a high-speed train, and I"m looking forward to taking a trip back
2023-08-10 05:34:331

关于高铁的高中英语作文

【篇一】关于高铁的高中英语作文   It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway.Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation .and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient .My reasons are as follows:First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses .and it is much more convenient to transport goods .for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs,and it cost much money to checked the goods.if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient,it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time.Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world,Chinese has no pressure.   What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money ,I believe China can hold it .As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning!   这是一个很热的话题现在很多城市已经开通高速铁路.很多人说,这条高速铁路是比其他交通工具要好很多.也有些人相信它是没有什么未来.我认为,高速铁路给我们带来真正的方便.我的理由如下:首先,高速铁路站是更接近我们的生活区,像公交车一样.和运输要方便得多.例如,一个在上海的商人要去四川与 1000 公斤的物品,如果他去四川乘飞机,他需要去郊区因为总是在郊区,和它机场需要花多少钱来检查货物.如果他乘火车去,他要从家里,很远的地方去火车站和火车带更多的时间而且如果他乘公共汽车,虽然很方便,它不仅需要花多少钱,而且还浪费太多时间.其次,高速铁路的最重要的缺点是它需要有大量的乘客.中国作为世界人口第二多的国家,没有压力.   更重要的是,中国正在"高速"发展中,即使高速铁路花很多钱,我相信中国可以承受得起.综上所述,我坚信未来的高速铁路未来一片光明 ! 【篇二】关于高铁的高中英语作文   It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway. Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation.and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient   .My reasons are as follows.First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses.and it is much more convenient to transport goods.for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs, and it cost much money to checked the goods. if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient, it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time.   Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world, Chinese has no pressure.   What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money , I believe China can hold it .   As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning! 【篇三】关于高铁的高中英语作文   Undoubtedly,railway is the first public transport means invented by human beings,and it appeared in Britain in the early nineteenth century for the first time as well.After that,the high-speed railway came out.   According to the definition,the high-speed railway refers to a new type of the railway system,owning the rate over 200 kilometers per hour.In the early 21st century,almost none of the railway systems had a rate more than 200 kilometers per hour.Up to the year 1964,the Japanese shinkansen appeared with a rate of 300 kilometers per hour.In addition,except achieving a certain rate,the train itself and the rail must be improved at the same time.Of course,the broad high-speed railway still include the magnetically levitated train,which will be widely used in the near future.   I believe,with the development of the science and technology,our railway system will become more and more advanced,bring convenience to our life. 【篇四】关于高铁的高中英语作文   First built in 2005, the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway went into operation on December,26th,2009. Overall length of its main line is 1068 kilometers, and it goes through the following three provinces: Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong.   The speed of the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway is 350km/h,the fastest speed in the world now, which makes it only three hours needed from Wuhan to Guangzhou, seven hours less than before. Besides, there are all kinds of facilities in the train, which make your trip safe and comfortable, so it is more humanitarian.   However, the only fly in the ointment is that the train fare is too high and the station is quite far away from the downtown area.
2023-08-10 05:34:571

现在很多人喜欢乘坐高铁因为它更快英语

答案: 解析: Now many people like traveling by high-speed train / taking the high-speed train because it is faster.
2023-08-10 05:35:041

中国高铁的发展英语作文有哪些?

中国的高铁,动车,快车,从速度方面来介绍一下:(1)高速铁路列车(g)速度约300km/h。(2)动车组旅客列车(d)速度通常在150~200km/h之间。现代已提高约300km/h。(3)直达快速火车(z)速度在140km/h以上。(4)快速火车(t)速度约130km/h。(5)普通快速火车(k)速度约90km/h。但是因为要让路,所以实际上时间会延长。1)high-speedrailwaytrain(g),speedofabout300km/h.2)emupassengertrains(d),speediusuallybetween150~200km/h.modernhasbeenincreased,about300km/h.3)directexpresstrain(z)atspeedsabove140km/h.4)fasttrain(t),speedofabout130km/h.5)ordinaryfasttrain(k),speedofabout90km/h.butbecauseofthewaytogo,thetimeisactuallygoingtobelonger.
2023-08-10 05:35:141

关于高铁的好处英语作文带翻译

It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway. Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation . and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient . My reasons are as follows: First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses . and it is much more convenient to transport goods . for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs, and it cost much money to checked the goods. if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient, it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time. Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world, Chinese has no pressure. What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money , I believe China can hold it . As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning!这是一个很热的话题现在很多城市已经开通高速铁路。很多人说,这条高速铁路是比其他交通工具要好很多。也有些人相信它是没有什么未来。我认为,高速铁路给我们带来真正的方便。我的理由如下: 首先,高速铁路站是更接近我们的生活区,像公交车一样。和运输要方便得多。例如,一个在上海的商人要去四川与 1000 公斤的物品,如果他去四川乘飞机,他需要去郊区因为总是在郊区,和它机场需要花多少钱来检查货物。如果他乘火车去,他要从家里,很远的地方去火车站和火车带更多的时间而且如果他乘公共汽车,虽然很方便,它不仅需要花多少钱,而且还浪费太多时间。其次,高速铁路的最重要的缺点是它需要有大量的乘客。中国作为世界人口第二多的国家,没有压力。更重要的是,中国正在"高速"发展中,即使高速铁路花很多钱,我相信中国可以承受得起。综上所述,我坚信未来的高速铁路未来一片光明 !
2023-08-10 05:35:231

高速铁路的优缺点和关点英语短文

一种新的运输方式投入使用,有其长处,也必有其弱点。第一,高速铁路投资巨大,投资收益的压力自然也大。Anewmodeoftransportinuse,hasitsstrengths,thereisalsoitsweakness.First,high-speedrailinvestmentinhugepressureoninvestmentincomearenaturallylarge. 第二,高铁虽然相对航空具有显然的优势,但350公里时速的动车组8节车厢也就是400-600人左右的运量,只相当于波音757飞机2-3个班次的运量。Second,althoughtherelativelyhighironaviationhasobviousadvantages,butspeedof350kmEMUeightcompartments400-600isaboutthetraffic,onlyBoeing757aircraftequivalentto2-3flightsoftraffic.
2023-08-10 05:35:331

乘坐高铁是用take还是ride?

我文化从成都不太高,不会英语,所以没有帮助到你,非常抱歉。
2023-08-10 05:35:433

坐高铁比传统火车舒服英语

坐高铁比传统火车舒服英语是:Taking the high-speed rail is more comfortable than traditional trains。高速铁路,简称高铁,是指设计标准等级高、可供列车安全高速行驶的铁路系统。其概念并不局限于轨道,更不是指列车。 高铁在不同国家、不同时代以及不同的科研学术领域有不同规定。中国国家铁路局颁布的《高速铁路设计规范》文件中将高铁定义为:新建设计时速为250公里(含)至350公里(含)运行动车组列车的标准轨距的客运专线铁路。
2023-08-10 05:35:501

“高铁旅游”用英语怎么说

HIgh-speed train trip
2023-08-10 05:36:182

介绍中国高铁,动车,快车的英语作文

中国的高铁,动车,快车,从速度方面来介绍一下:(1)高速铁路列车(G)速度约300km/h。(2)动车组旅客列车(D)速度通常在150~200 km/h之间。现代已提高约300Km/h。(3)直达快速火车(Z)速度在140Km/h以上。(4)快速火车(T)速度约130km/h。(5)普通快速火车(K)速度约90Km/h。但是因为要让路,所以实际上时间会延长。1) High-speed railway train (G), speed of about 300km / h.2) EMU passenger trains (D), speed i usually between 150 ~ 200 km / h. Modern has been increased, about 300Km / h.3) Direct express train (Z) at speeds above 140Km / h.4) fast train (T) , speed of about 130km / h.5) ordinary fast train (K) , speed of about 90Km / h. But because of the way to go, the time is actually going to be longer.
2023-08-10 05:36:271

2015年12月英语四级翻译题——高速铁路

【答案】: 参考答案:China didn"t have a high-speed rail five years ago.But now the tickets of high-speed trains are usually sold out very quickly, even though the departure interval is quite short.And people can conveniently travel around the nation at a speed that doubles the speed of the fastest American train.The operation of high-speed rail system is very successful; it carries twice as many passengers as the nation"s civil aviation system.China has one of the most advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes five years to achieve this.
2023-08-10 05:36:581

中国高铁是世界第一用英语怎么说?

中国高铁是世界第一。英语:China"s high-speed railway is world"s number one.
2023-08-10 05:37:071

高铁上的英语是什么口音

中式口音。美式口音与英式口音都有显著的特征,尤其是英式。美式吐词相对清晰但也有相当的连音,主要是句子中的单词发音完整,卷舌音俱全。英音则相对显著,容易区分,巨量连音,以及巨量省略音节,卷舌音几乎全部略去,因省略及连音过多,一般初学者很难听懂,需要适应。在国内,高铁上,地铁上都是中国人的中式口音。先说特点,现代汉语发音特点是偏重送气音与不送气音(比如t和d,发这两个音的时候其实整个口腔的布置以及声带的震动都是一样的,只是出气不出气罢了,题主可以试试,t整个胸腔送气,较重,而d只口腔送气,送气极少,较轻),而英文也则偏重浊音与清音。两个语言系统偏重的发音习惯不一样,自然先天的讲,发音就会有显著区别了(也就是所谓的听起来不像)。两种语言的表达习惯也决定了发音系统,中文送气音较多,表达时需要频繁换气,与之对应,中文的句子一般较短,故而通常一句一换。而英文因为句子一般极长,单词本身还长,一口气是说不完的,故其开发出了省气的习惯,开发了几个送气较少的音,如s音的弱出气版写作th,发音时以舌尖抵住上牙,阻挡气流输出,故而减少出气量。(关于语言发音差异的知识其实颇为复杂,这里尽量说的比较简单,如果题主感兴趣可以自行搜索)总之两门语言自身的差异就决定了作为非本土语言的使用者,发音上自然会有所差异。再说最重要的一点,中式发音不丢人!其实国际性的外语考试,如托福,在考察表达时,根本不在意口音,只看考生表达水准。我在学习日语和韩语时,我的老师告诉我,口音其实不影响一个人的正常表达,相反,它象征了使用者的来处,是使用者最骄傲的名帖,如今我大中国如此繁荣富强,国人应当以一口中式口音为傲,无需矫枉过正。(我本人的口音是英音,但只是因为接受了严格且长期的训练,并非本意,反而个人感觉比较遗憾)语言最基本的功能永远只是表达。表意清晰即可。希望以上回答对题主有所帮助。
2023-08-10 05:37:161

跪求一篇英语作文,关于高铁

My favourite season is autumn. It is a harvest season. Farmers are all busy getting in the crops. There are lots of different fruits in the season, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on
2023-08-10 05:37:271

用英语向好友介绍中国高铁的情况

It is a really hot topic now as many city had opened high-speed railway.Many people said that high-speed railway is much better than the other transportation .and as also some people believe that it is no future .to my point of view ,high-speed railway bring us real convenient .My reasons are as follows:First ,the stations of the high-speed railway are much closer to our living area ,like buses .and it is much more convenient to transport goods .for example ,a businessman in Shanghai want go to Sichuan with 1000kg goods,if he go to Sichuan by plane ,he need go to suburbs because the airports always in the suburbs,and it cost much money to checked the goods.if he go by train ,he need to go to the railway station far away from home ,and the train take much more time .and if he take bus,though it is convenient,it not only cost much money ,but also waste much time.Secondly,the most important disadvantage of high-speed railway is that it need a great number of passengers .As the second most populous countries of the world,Chinese has no pressure.What"s more ,China is developing in a "high speed",even though high-speed railway cost much money ,I believe China can hold it .As all above ,I firmly believe that the future of high-speed railway is shinning!
2023-08-10 05:37:351

我们会选择高铁或者飞机去旅行 英语怎么翻译

我们会选择高铁或者飞机去旅行We will choose high iron or planes to travel
2023-08-10 05:37:442

高铁莱阳站到站英语怎么说

High speed rail station in Laiyang Railway Station高铁莱阳站到站
2023-08-10 05:37:511

高铁检票口英语常用语

高铁入口High-speed railway entrance检票口 Ticket check-in gate
2023-08-10 05:37:581

高铁可以方面人们的生活和工作 用英语怎么说?

High-speed train can make it convenience for people to live and work.
2023-08-10 05:38:182

每次坐高铁,总是听英语广播里说"please alite at front door", 意思是请从前门

alight.
2023-08-10 05:38:284

关于武广高铁的英语基础写作

First built in 2005,the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway went into operation on December,26th,2009.Overall length of its main line are 1068 kilometers,and it goes through the following three provinces:Hubei,Hunan and Guangdong. The speed of the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway is 350km/h,the fastest speed in the world now,which makes it only three hours needed from Wuhan to Guangzhou,seven hours less than before.Besides,there are all kinds of faclities inthe train,which make your trip safe and comfortable so it is more humanoriented. However,the only fly in the ointment is that the train fare is too high and the station is quite far away from the downtown area.
2023-08-10 05:38:361

高铁旅游景点介绍文案英语 高铁旅游景点介绍文案英语版

去北京旅游的英语作文1.时间 2.怎样去(比写作思路:可以先介绍一下是在什么时间,怎么去的北京旅游,再详细介绍一下旅游的过程等等,中心要明确。正文:On summer holiday my parents took me to Beijing.We stayed at Huabei Hotel.On the first day,we went to the Great Wall.The Great Wall is very long and old.It has millions of bricks.Each brick is very big and heavy.Lots of people from different countries like climbing the Great Wall.We felt very tired when we climbed to the top of the Great Wall.暑假我父母带我坐高铁去了北京。我们住在华北饭店。第一天,我们去了长城。长城又长又旧。它有数百万块砖头。每一块砖头又大又重。许多来自不同国家的人喜欢爬长城。当我们爬到长城顶上时,我们感到很累。We also went to the Palace Museum.The Palace Museum has 9999 palaces.It has a very long history.I bought a lot of souvenirs of the Palace Museum.What nice palaces these are!I visited the Palace Museum and felt excited.If you want to know more about the Palace Museum,you can go to Beijing and have a look.我们还去了故宫博物院。故宫博物院有9999座宫殿。它有很长的历史。我买了很多故宫的纪念品。这些宫殿多漂亮啊!我参观了故宫博物院,感到很兴奋,如果你想了解故宫博物院,你可以去北京看看。The following days,we went to the Summer Palace,Tian Tan,North Lake and Xiang Hill.I now know more about the history of China.I also like modern Beijing.The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.接下来的几天,我们去了颐和园、天坛、北湖和香山。我现在对中国的历史有了更多的了解。我也喜欢现代的北京。2008年奥运会将在北京举行。Later,I went back with my parents by train.I really enjoyed the trip to Beijing.后来,我和父母坐火车回去了。我真的很享受北京之旅。I like this trip!我喜欢这次旅行!“高铁旅游”用英语怎么说高铁旅游” High speed rail travel" 英 [spi:d] 美 [spid] n. 速度; 快速; 昌盛; (汽车的)变速器,排挡; vt. vi. 急行,加速; vi. 超速; 加速; 迅速前行; 兴隆; vt. 加快的速度; 使成功,使繁荣;你邀请你朋友和你一起乘高铁去桂林游玩,看山水风光 和体验苗族人民的生活习俗,高一英语作文,急急急!The second grade next semester, I learned a lesson called "Guilin Scenery under heaven ", after I read it I very want to go to Guilin. This summer, my father said I have progress, to reward me for a trip. Yeah, finally can go.The morning of July 23rd, we very early with luggage, take the airport express to finish the Baiyun airport.9:40, the plane finally took off. After 45 minutes of smooth flight, we arrived at Guilin, we travel destination. Off the plane, I shouted: " Guilin, here I come ".In Guilin, we first went to Guilin city landmarks - the elephant trunk hill, we in the trunk of Piedmont photo, Elephant Trunk Hill has a beautiful legend: Once upon a time there was an elephant is the Jade Emperor"s guard like, sickness and fall into the world. Fortunately, it is an old grandpa sees and saved it. The elephant was very grateful, it decided to always here to help people do things. The Jade Emperor know, send the tota Lee king to put the elephant kill. Tota Lee king while elephants drink, sword and killed it. The elephant in the Elephant Trunk Hill today.Guilin Scenery is known as " the first hole " and " the Reed Flute Cave in karst. " said the glittering silver rock.The first day was very exciting, I really look forward to the next few days more exciting journey.二年级下学期我学了一篇课文叫“桂林山水甲天下”,我看完后我非常想去桂林。今年暑假,爸爸说我考试有进步,奖励我旅游一次。_,终于可以去了。7月23日早上,我们一大早就拿着行李,搭乘机场快线赶完白云机场。9:40分,飞机终于起飞了。经过45分钟的平稳飞行,我们到达了桂林---我们旅行的目的地。一下飞机,我就喊:“桂林,我来了”。到了桂林后,我们首先去了桂林市的标志---象鼻山,我们在象鼻山前照相,象鼻山 有个美丽的传说:从前有只大象是玉皇大帝的守护象,因病而掉入人间。幸好它被一位老爷爷看到而救了它。大象非常感激,它决定要一直在这里帮人们做事。玉皇大帝知道后,派出托塔李天王去把大象杀掉。托塔 李天王趁大象喝水的时候,一剑把它杀死了。大象就化为了今天的象鼻山。桂林山水有被誉为“国宾第一洞”的芦笛岩和“世界岩溶宝库”之称的闪闪发光的银子岩。第一天已经非常精彩了,真期待今后几天更精彩的旅程呀
2023-08-10 05:38:441

作为四大新发明之一的高铁,见证了速度的发展 英语什么翻译?

作为四大新发明之一的高铁,见证了速度的发展:As one of the four new inventions, the high-speed rail has witnessed the development of speed.
2023-08-10 05:38:541

高速铁路的优缺点和关点英语短文

一种新的运输方式投入使用,有其长处,也必有其弱点。第一,高速铁路投资巨大,投资收益的压力自然也大。A new mode of transport in use, has its strengths, there is also its weakness. First, high-speed rail investment in huge pressure on investment income are naturally large. 第二,高铁虽然相对航空具有显然的优势,但350公里时速的动车组8节车厢也就是400-600人左右的运量,只相当于波音757飞机2-3个班次的运量。Second, although the relatively high iron aviation has obvious advantages, but speed of 350 km EMU eight compartments 400-600 is about the traffic, only Boeing 757 aircraft equivalent to 2-3 flights of traffic.
2023-08-10 05:39:051

中国高铁是一种运营速度比普通铁路更快的铁路运输方式.翻译成英语,3q

China"s high-speed rail is a transportation which travels faster than ordinary trains.
2023-08-10 05:39:141

怎么制作退烧贴

制作退热贴的方法如下:准备材料:首先,准备退热贴的材料,包括退热膜、胶带、刀具和热熔胶枪等。剪裁退热膜:将退热膜按照需要的大小,使用刀具剪裁成合适的形状。贴上胶带:将胶带贴在退热膜的一面,并调节胶带的张力,使退热膜紧贴在表面。启动热熔胶枪:将热熔胶枪打开,调节温度,使其适宜进行热熔胶焊接。焊接退热膜:将热熔胶枪对准退热膜的边缘,逐渐加热,直到退热膜与表面熔合为止完成制作:在热熔胶枪的帮助下,将退热膜固定在表面,完成制作。
2023-08-10 05:32:371

指纹解锁与面容解锁相比,哪个会更安全?

面部解锁说到底其实是一种非接触式的生物识别技术,它和常见的生物识别技术如指纹识别类似。首先手机系统需要通过前置摄像头扫描获取用户的脸部数据,这些数据会被转换为系统可以识别的数字信号并存储在数据库中。这样用户需要解锁时,摄像头捕捉到的脸部数据会和存储的数据进行核对,如果一致则实现解锁。手机上的指纹解锁其实是利用一个电容式指纹模块,利用硅晶元与导电的皮下电电解液成电场,指纹的高低起伏会导致二者之间的压差出现不同的变化,借此可实现准确的指纹测定。这种方式适应能力强,对使用环境无特殊要求,同时整个组件体积还比较小,因而使得该技术在手机端得到了比较好的推广。
2023-08-10 05:32:4014

写信希望收到回信的四字成语

1. 关于写信的四字成语 苞苴竿牍 苞苴:蒲包,指赠送的礼物,引申为贿赂;竿牍:竹简为书,指书信,这里特指请托信。 指携着礼物带着书信,去探访人。指行贿请托。 出处:《庄子·列御寇》:“小夫之知,不离苞苴竿牍。” 断羽绝鳞 断绝书信。 羽鳞,犹鱼雁。 出处:元·柯丹邱《荆钗记·套书》:“因科举离乡半春,从别后断羽绝鳞。 今日天教遇你们,趁良使附归音信。” 堆案盈几 堆:堆积。 案:案头。公文、书信、图书等堆积满案头。 原指等待处理的文凭大量积压。后也指书籍或文字材料非常多。 出处:三国·魏·嵇康《与山巨源绝交书》:“素不便书,又不喜作书,而人间多事,堆案盈机;不相酬答,则犯教伤义,欲自勉强,则不能久。” 蜂媒蝶使 花间飞舞的蜂蝶。 比喻为男女双方居间撮合或传递书信的人。 出处:宋·周邦彦《六丑·蔷薇谢后作》词:“多情为谁追惜?但蜂媒蝶使,时叩窗槅。” 元·吴昌龄《张天师》第三折:“偏是你瘦影疏枝,不受那蜂媒蝶使。” 付诸洪乔 洪乔:晋朝人,姓殷名羡,字洪乔。 比喻书信遗失。 出处:南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·任诞》:“殷洪乔作豫章郡,临去,都下人因附百许函书。 既至石头,悉掷水中,因祝曰:‘沉者自沉,浮者自浮,殷洪乔不能作致书邮。"” 河鱼天雁 古传鱼雁都能传递书信,后即以之借指传送书信者。 出处:《二十年目睹之怪现状》第五回:“意马心猿萦梦寐,河鱼天雁托音书。” 鸿断鱼沉 书信断绝,音讯全无。 黄耳传书 黄耳:犬名;书:书信。黄犬为主人往返传书。 后比喻传递家信。 出处:《晋书·陆机传》:“初机有俊犬,名曰黄耳,甚爱之。 既而羁寓京师,久无家问,……机乃为书以竹筩盛之而系其颈,犬寻路南走,遂至其家,得报还洛。其后因以为常。” 寄雁传书 指传递书信。 出处:宋·黄庭坚《寄黄几复》诗:“我居北海君南海,寄雁传书谢不能。” 陇头音信 指寄往或来自远方的书信。 出处:元·高明《琵琶记·伯喈行路》:“叹路途千里,日日思亲。 青梅如豆,难寄陇头音信。” 目断鳞鸿 鳞鸿:鱼和雁,比喻书信。 形容望眼欲穿,盼望书信到来。 书不尽言 书:书信。 信中难以充分表达其意。后多作书信结尾习用语。 出处:《易·系辞上》:“子曰:‘书不尽言,言不尽意。"” 书不尽意 指文辞难充分达意。 后多作书信结尾习用语。 出处:《北齐书·文苑传·祖鸿勋》:“与阳休之书曰:‘……已矣哉,书不尽意。 "” 停云落月 表示对亲友的怀念(旧时多用在书信里)。 出处:晋·陶潜《停云诗序》:“停云,思亲友也。” 唐·杜甫《梦李白》诗:“落月满屋梁,犹疑照颜色。” 言不尽意 情意曲折深远,言语难以全部表达。 常用于书信末尾,表示说的话没能把意思都表达出来。 出处:《易·系辞上》:“书不尽言,言不尽意。” 雁去鱼来 书信往来。雁、鱼均喻书信。 出处:元·汤式《湘妃引·有所赠》曲:“莺煎燕聒惹相思,雁去鱼来传恨词。” 雁素鱼笺 指书信。 出处:明·邵璨《香囊记·途叙》:“雁素鱼笺,离愁满怀谁与传。” 音问两绝 书信与消息都断绝。 亦作“音问杳然”。 鱼肠尺素 指书信。 出处:北周·庾信《谢滕王集序启》:“鱼肠尺素,凤足数行,书此谢辞,终知不尽。” 鱼肠雁足 泛指书信。 出处:唐·李绅《逾岭峤止荒陬抵高要》诗:“鱼肠雁足望缄封,地远三江岭万重。” 鱼沉鸿断 比喻书信不通,音信断绝。 出处:明·王玉峰《焚香记·饯别》:“又恐鱼沉鸿断,阻隔云山,衔悲饮泪有万千。” 鱼沉雁静 比喻书信不通,音信断绝。 出处:明·高濂《瓦盆儿·题情》套曲:“未知道自别来他心可至诚,他应恨鱼沉雁静。” 鱼沉雁渺 比喻书信不通,音信断绝。 出处:清·魏秀仁《花月痕》第四十二回:“谡如蒿目时艰,空自拊髀,兼之宝山僻在海隅,文报不通,迢递并云,鱼沉雁渺,十分懊恼。” 鱼沉雁杳 比喻书信不通,音信断绝。 出处:唐·戴叔伦《相思曲》:“鱼沉雁杳天涯路,始信人间别离苦。” 鱼传尺素 尺素:古代用绢帛书写,通常长一尺,因此称书信。 指传递书信。 出处:古乐府《饮马长城窟行》:“客从远方来,遗我双鲤鱼。 呼儿烹鲤鱼,中有尺素书。” 鱼封雁帖 泛指书信。 出处:《吴骚·步步娇·闺怨》:“湘江竭,燕山截,断鱼封雁帖。”《南宫词纪·绛都春·四时怨别》:“伤秋宋玉悲何切,盼征鸿在天外行列,烦寄却鱼封雁帖。” 鱼笺雁书 泛指书信。 出处:明·史叔考《醉罗歌·题情》套曲:“泪痕一线罗裙绣裾,相思两字鱼笺雁书。” 鱼书雁帛 泛指书信。 出处:清·李渔《闲情偶寄·器玩·制度》:“则笺简二字中,便有无穷本义,鱼书雁帛而外,不有竹刺之式可为乎?” 鱼书雁帖 泛指书信。 出处:明·高濂《绛都春序·题情》套曲:“空接,鱼书雁帖,反教人添哽咽。”明·王九思《绛都春序·四时闺怨》套曲:“盼征鸿在天外,行列,烦寄却鱼书雁帖。” 鱼书雁信 泛指书信。 出处:《雍熙乐府·古调石榴花·闺思》:“总是伤情别离,则这鱼书雁信,冷清清杳无踪迹。” 咫尺之书 书信。古代书写用木简,信札之简长盈尺,故称。 出处:《史记·淮阴侯列传》:“而后遣辩士奉咫尺之书,暴其所长。 2. 有关书信的四字成语 雁足传书、寄雁传书、蒋干盗书、黄耳寄书、鱼封雁帖 一、雁足传书 白话释义:“雁足传书”指大雁能传递书信。 朝代:东汉 作者:班固 出处:《汉书·苏武传》:言天子射上林中,得雁,足有系帛书,言武等在某泽中 翻译:天子在上林苑中射猎,射得一只大雁,脚上系着帛书,上面说苏武等人在北海。 二、寄雁传书 白话释义:指传递书信。 朝代:宋 作者:黄庭坚 出处:《寄黄几复》诗:“我居北海君南海,寄雁传书谢不能。” 翻译:我住在北方海滨,而你住在南方海滨,欲托鸿雁传书,它却飞不过衡阳。 三、蒋干盗书 白话释义:比喻中别人的反间计。 朝代:明 作者:罗贯中 出处:《三国演义》:周瑜设下计策,令蒋干盗得假冒曹操水军都督蔡瑁、张允写给周瑜的降书。蒋干献书曹操,令斩了蔡瑁、张允。 四、黄耳寄书 白话释义:指传递家信 朝代:晋 作者:唐房玄龄 出处:《晋书·陆机传》至黄耳寄书 翻译:黄耳为主人传递家信 五、鱼封雁帖 白话释义:指书信。 朝代:古代 作者:苏州人士 出处:《吴骚·步步娇·闺怨》:“湘江竭,燕山截,断鱼封雁帖。” 翻译:湘江水枯竭,燕山断了,用鱼尾封住雁脚上的书信 3. 带有信的四字词语或成语 半信半疑 半:二分之一;信:相信;疑:怀疑。有点相信,又有点怀疑 陇头音信 指寄往或来自远方的书信 渺无音信 指毫无消息 背信弃义 背:违背;信:信用;弃:扔掉;义:道义。违背诺言,不讲道义。 不言而信 旧指君子不用说什么就能得到别人的信任。形容有崇高的威望。 笃信好学 笃信:忠实地信仰。指对道德和事业抱有坚定的信心,勤学好问。 风信年华 指女子二十四岁时。 果于自信 果:果敢。形容过分自信。 4. 寄信的寄的四字词语 寄人篱下、 寄迹山林、 廉可寄财、 寄豭之猪、 盐梅之寄、 黄耳寄书、 寄兴寓情、 寄颜无所、 风雅兴寄、 一方之寄、 柱石之寄、 浮生如寄、 驿寄梅花、 寄雁传书、 托孤寄命、 生寄死归、 人生如寄、 寄情诗酒、 乡书难寄、 托妻寄子、 北门之寄、 孤悬浮寄、 浮寄孤悬、 身寄虎吻、 浮生若寄 5. 给老师的一封信四字成语是什么 信誓旦旦 【拼音】: xìn shì dàn dàn 【解释】: 信誓:表示诚意的誓言;旦旦:诚恳的样子。誓言说得真实可信。 【出处】: 《诗经·卫风·氓》:“言笑晏晏,信誓旦旦。” 【举例造句】: 臣乃脉定于内,心正于怀,信誓旦旦,秉志不回,翻然高举,与彼长辞。 鲁迅《汉文学史纲要》第十篇 【拼音代码】: xsdd 【近义词】: 海枯石烂、指天誓日、言而有信 【反义词】: 言而无信、食言而肥 【用法】: 作谓语、定语、状语;用于发誓 【英文】: vow solemnly 【故事】: 春秋时期,卫国淇水边住着一个被丈夫遗弃的女子,他年轻天真漂亮。一个奸诈男子看中她,甜言蜜语向她求婚,信誓旦旦地表示要与她白头偕老。秋后,他们结为夫妻。丈夫违背先前的诺言,占有她的财物,并无情地抛弃了她。
2023-08-10 05:32:421

bp神经网络原理

BP神经网络被称为“深度学习之旅的开端”,是神经网络的入门算法。各种高大上的神经网络都是基于BP网络出发的,最基础的原理都是由BP网络而来,另外由于BP神经网络结构简单,算法经典, 是神经网络中应用最广泛的一种。开始发展——在人工神经网络的发展历史上,感知机网络曾对人工神经网络的发展发挥了极大的作用,它的出现曾掀起了人们研究人工神经元网络的热潮。单层感知网络(M-P模型)做为最初的神经网络,具有模型清晰、结构简单、计算量小等优点。只能解决线性可分——但是,随着研究工作的深入,人们发现它还存在不足,例如无法处理非线性问题,即使计算单元的作用函数不用阀函数而用其他较复杂的非线性函数,仍然只能解决解决线性可分问题.不能实现某些基本功能,从而限制了它的应用。多层前馈网络——增强网络的分类和识别能力、解决非线性问题的唯一途径是采用多层前馈网络,即在输入层和输出层之间加上隐含层。BP神经网络登场——20世纪80年代中期,David Runelhart。Geoffrey Hinton和Ronald W-llians、DavidParker等人分别独立发现了误差反向传播算法,简称BP,系统解决了多层神经网络隐含层连接权学习问题,并在数学上给出了完整推导。人们把采用这种算法进行误差校正的多层前馈网络称为BP网。BP神经网络具有任意复杂的模式分类能力和优良的多维函数映射能力,解决了简单感知器不能解决的异或和一些其他问题。从结构上讲,BP网络具有输入层、隐藏层和输出层;从本质上讲,BP算法就是以网络误差平方为目标函数、采用梯度下降法来计算目标函数的最小值。
2023-08-10 05:32:431

有人知道光棍节的来历吗?

1月1日,1月11日,11月1日都没有 11月11日光棍这么多么~~~老外好像没听说过光棍节要么你叫他 Bachelor"s Day
2023-08-10 05:32:336

魔笛magi一共会出多少季?

谁知道,,,,,,,,,
2023-08-10 05:32:303

有女人问:为什么女人一提分手或离婚,男人就同意了? NND,你提出要求,却怕对方同意,啥意思?

说明她只是试探吧
2023-08-10 05:32:297

计算机方面的论文有何特点?

计算机论文计算机网络在电子商务中的应用摘要:随着计算机网络技术的飞进发展,电子商务正得到越来越广泛的应用。由于电子商务中的交易行为大多数都是在网上完成的, 因此电子商务的安全性是影响趸易双方成败的一个关键因素。本文从电子商务系统对计算机网络安全,商务交易安全性出发,介绍利用网络安全枝术解决安全问题的方法。关键词:计算机网络,电子商务安全技术一. 引言近几年来.电子商务的发展十分迅速 电子商务可以降低成本.增加贸易机会,简化贸易流通过程,提高生产力,改善物流和金流、商品流.信息流的环境与系统 虽然电子商务发展势头很强,但其贸易额所占整个贸易额的比例仍然很低。影响其发展的首要因素是安全问题.网上的交易是一种非面对面交易,因此“交易安全“在电子商务的发展中十分重要。可以说.没有安全就没有电子商务。电子商务的安全从整体上可分为两大部分.计算机网络安全和商务交易安全。计算机网络安全包括计算机网络设备安全、计算机网络系统安全、数据库安全等。其特征是针对计算机网络本身可能存在的安全问题,实施网络安全增强方案.以保证计算机网络自身的安全性为目标。商务安全则紧紧围绕传统商务在Interne"(上应用时产生的各种安全问题.在计算机网络安全的基础上.如何保障电子商务过程的顺利进行。即实现电子商务的保密性.完整性.可鉴别性.不可伪造性和不可依赖性。二、电子商务网络的安全隐患1窃取信息:由于未采用加密措施.数据信息在网络上以明文形式传送.入侵者在数据包经过的网关或路由器上可以截获传送的信息。通过多次窃取和分析,可以找到信息的规律和格式,进而得到传输信息的内容.造成网上传输信息泄密2.篡改信息:当入侵者掌握了信息的格式和规律后.通过各种技术手段和方法.将网络上传送的信息数据在中途修改 然后再发向目的地。这种方法并不新鲜.在路由器或者网关上都可以做此类工作。3假冒由于掌握了数据的格式,并可以篡改通过的信息,攻击者可以冒充合法用户发送假冒的信息或者主动获取信息,而远端用户通常很难分辨。4恶意破坏:由于攻击者可以接入网络.则可能对网络中的信息进行修改.掌握网上的机要信息.甚至可以潜入网络内部.其后果是非常严重的。三、电子商务交易中应用的网络安全技术为了提高电子商务的安全性.可以采用多种网络安全技术和协议.这些技术和协议各自有一定的使用范围,可以给电子商务交易活动提供不同程度的安全保障。1.防火墙技术。防火墙是目前主要的网络安全设备。防火墙通常使用的安全控制手段主要有包过滤、状态检测、代理服务 由于它假设了网络的边界和服务,对内部的非法访问难以有效地控制。因此.最适合于相对独立的与外部网络互连途径有限、网络服务种类相对集中的单一网络(如常见的企业专用网) 防火墙的隔离技术决定了它在电子商务安全交易中的重要作用。目前.防火墙产品主要分为两大类基于代理服务方式的和基于状态检测方式的。例如Check Poim Fi rewalI-1 4 0是基于Unix、WinNT平台上的软件防火墙.属状态检测型 Cisco PIX是硬件防火墙.也属状态检测型。由于它采用了专用的操作系统.因此减少了黑客利用操作系统G)H攻击的可能性:Raptor完全是基于代理技术的软件防火墙 由于互联网的开放性和复杂性.防火墙也有其固有的缺点(1)防火墙不能防范不经由防火墙的攻击。例如.如果允许从受保护网内部不受限制地向外拨号.一些用户可以形成与Interne"(的直接连接.从而绕过防火墙:造成一个潜在的后门攻击渠道,所以应该保证内部网与外部网之间通道的唯一性。(2)防火墙不能防止感染了病毒的软件或文件的传输.这只能在每台主机上装反病毒的实时监控软件。(3)防火墙不能防止数据驱动式攻击。当有些表面看来无害的数据被邮寄或复制到Interne"(主机上并被执行而发起攻击时.就会发生数据驱动攻击.所以对于来历不明的数据要先进行杀毒或者程序编码辨证,以防止带有后门程序。2.数据加密技术。防火墙技术是一种被动的防卫技术.它难以对电子商务活动中不安全的因素进行有效的防卫。因此.要保障电子商务的交易安全.就应当用当代密码技术来助阵。加密技术是电子商务中采取的主要安全措施, 贸易方可根据需要在信息交换的阶段使用。目前.加密技术分为两类.即对称加密/对称密钥加密/专用密钥加密和非对称加密/公开密钥加密。现在许多机构运用PKI(punickey nfrastructur)的缩写.即 公开密钥体系”)技术实施构建完整的加密/签名体系.更有效地解决上述难题.在充分利用互联网实现资源共享的前提下从真正意义上确保了网上交易与信息传递的安全。在PKI中.密钥被分解为一对(即一把公开密钥或加密密钥和一把专用密钥或解密密钥)。这对密钥中的任何一把都可作为公开密钥(加密密钥)通过非保密方式向他人公开.而另一把则作为专用密钥{解密密钥)加以保存。公开密钥用于对机密??1生息的加密.专用密钥则用于对加信息的解密。专用密钥只能由生成密钥对的贸易方掌握.公开密钥可广泛发布.但它只对应用于生成该密钥的贸易方。贸易方利用该方案实现机密信息交换的基本过程是 贸易方甲生成一对密钥并将其中的一把作为公开密钥向其他贸易方公开:得到该公开密钥的贸易方乙使用该密钥对机密信息进行加密后再发送给贸易方甲 贸易方甲再用自己保存的另一把专用密钥对加密后的信息进行解密。贸易方甲只能用其专用密钥解密由其公开密钥加密后的任何信息。3.身份认证技术。身份认证又称为鉴别或确认,它通过验证被认证对象的一个或多个参数的真实性与有效性 来证实被认证对象是否符合或是否有效的一种过程,用来确保数据的真实性。防止攻击者假冒 篡改等。一般来说。用人的生理特征参数f如指纹识别、虹膜识别)进行认证的安全性很高。但目前这种技术存在实现困难、成本很高的缺点。目前,计算机通信中采用的参数有口令、标识符 密钥、随机数等。而且一般使用基于证书的公钥密码体制(PK I)身份认证技术。要实现基于公钥密码算法的身份认证需求。就必须建立一种信任及信任验证机制。即每个网络上的实体必须有一个可以被验证的数字标识 这就是 数字证书(Certifi2cate)”。数字证书是各实体在网上信息交流及商务交易活动中的身份证明。具有唯一性。证书基于公钥密码体制.它将用户的公开密钥同用户本身的属性(例如姓名,单位等)联系在一起。这就意味着应有一个网上各方都信任的机构 专门负责对各个实体的身份进行审核,并签发和管理数字证书,这个机构就是证书中心(certificate authorities.简称CA}。CA用自己的私钥对所有的用户属性、证书属性和用户的公钥进行数字签名,产生用户的数字证书。在基于证书的安全通信中.证书是证明用户合法身份和提供用户合法公钥的凭证.是建立保密通信的基础。因此,作为网络可信机构的证书管理设施 CA主要职能就是管理和维护它所签发的证书 提供各种证书服务,包括:证书的签发、更新 回收、归档等。4.数字签名技术。数字签名也称电子签名 在信息安全包括身份认证,数据完整性、不可否认性以及匿名性等方面有重要应用。数字签名是非对称加密和数字摘要技术的联合应用。其主要方式为:报文发送方从报文文本中生成一个1 28b it的散列值(或报文摘要),并用自己的专用密钥对这个散列值进行加密 形成发送方的数字签名:然后 这个数字签名将作为报文的附件和报文一起发送给报文的接收方 报文接收方首先从接收到的原始报文中计算出1 28bit位的散列值(或报文摘要).接着再用发送方的公开密钥来对报文附加的数字签名进行解密 如果两个散列值相同 那么接收方就能确认该数字签名是发送方的.通过数字签名能够实现对原始报文的鉴别和不可抵赖性。四、结束语电子商务安全对计算机网络安全与商务安全提出了双重要求.其复杂程度比大多数计算机网络都高。在电子商务的建设过程中涉及到许多安全技术问题 制定安全技术规则和实施安全技术手段不仅可以推动安全技术的发展,同时也促进安全的电子商务体系的形成。当然,任何一个安全技术都不会提供永远和绝对的安全,因为网络在变化.应用在变化,入侵和破坏的手段也在变化,只有技术的不断进步才是真正的安全保障。参考文献:[1]肖满梅 罗兰娥:电子商务及其安全技术问题.湖南科技学院学报,2006,27[2]丰洪才 管华 陈珂:电子商务的关键技术及其安全性分析.武汉工业学院学报 2004,2[3]阎慧 王伟:宁宇鹏等编著.防火墙原理与技术[M]北京:机械工业出版杜 2004
2023-08-10 05:32:282