- 陶小凡
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Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. Now, aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead.
When he was 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon"s high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was “quite ridiculous”.
In spite of his teacher"s criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
“My own belief is that we will, in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work,”Gurdon said.
In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal in the world.
In 2006,Gurdon"s work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person"s skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient"s heart after a heart attack.
“Luck favors the prepared mind,”Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don"t work, but when they do, you have to seize the chance. ”
【翻译】
生活充满惊喜,你永远都不知道事情会如何变化。约翰·古顿爵士是一个很好的例子。作为一个男孩,他被告知他在科学上没有希望,并完成了他的课堂底线。现在,79岁,同样的Gurdon与日本干细胞研究员Shinya Yamanaka分享了2012年诺贝尔医学奖。
像许多科学家一样,戈伦顿向我们展示了好奇心和毅力的力量在哪里。
当他在1948年15岁时,Gurdon在他的高中的生物学和其他科学课程中排名前250名。戈伦顿的高中科学教师甚至说,他成为科学家的梦想是“相当荒谬的”。
尽管他的老师的批评,Gurdon遵循他的好奇心,不断努力。他早早去了实验室,比其他任何人都离开了。他遇到成千上万的失败。
“我自己的信念是,我们最终将了解细胞如何实际运作的一切,”Gurdon说。
1962年,Gurdon从成年青蛙身上取出一个细胞,将其遗传信息转移到卵细胞中。卵细胞生长成成年青蛙的克隆。这种技术后来帮助在1996年创建了多莉羊,这是世界上第一个克隆的哺乳动物。
2006年,Gurdon的工作由山中开发,显示可以使用人的皮肤样本来产生干细胞。使用这种技术,医生可以在心脏病发作后修复患者的心脏。
戈尔登对诺贝尔奖组织说:“运气有利于准备好的思想。” “90%的时间不行,但是当他们这样做的时候,你必须抓住机会。 ”