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抢劫英语怎么说

2023-07-24 09:50:14
TAG: 英语
共1条回复
马老四

  抢劫,指行为人对公私财物的所有人、保管人、看护人或者持有人当场使用暴力、胁迫或者其他方法,迫使其立即交出财物或者立即将财物抢走的行为。那么你知道抢劫用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。

  抢劫的英语说法1:

  rob

  抢劫的英语说法2:

  heist

  抢劫的英语说法3:

  plunder

  抢劫的相关短语:

  plunder everything valuable;

  抢劫财物

  rob the bank;

  抢劫银行

  rob the shop of ten bikes;

  抢劫那家商店10辆自行车

  live by plunder

  靠抢劫为生

  抢劫的英语例句:

  1. We usually think of a victim of mugging as being someone elderly.

  我们通常以为被拦路抢劫的受害者是老年人。

  2. My boyfriend and I robbed a store and were caught red-handed.

  我和男朋友去抢劫一家商店,被当场逮到了。

  3. Bank robberies, burglaries and muggings are reported almost daily in the press.

  报纸上几乎每天都有抢劫银行、入室行窃和拦路抢劫的报道。

  4. The kids who are joyriding and ram-raiding are unemployed.

  那些开偷来的车狂飙和驾车抢劫的年轻人都是无业游民。

  5. Armed robbers broke into a jeweller"s through a hole in the wall.

  持械抢劫者通过墙上的一个洞闯进了一家珠宝店。

  6. Marauding gangs of armed men have been looting food relief supplies.

  持械抢劫团伙一直在四处抢劫救济食品。

  7. In the country"s largest cities there has been rioting and looting.

  该国的大城市有和抢劫发生。

  8. Police said Stefanovski had robbed a man just hours earlier.

  警察说斯泰凡诺夫斯基就在几个小时前抢劫了一名男子。

  9. Police have ruled out robbery as a motive for the killing.

  警方已排除因抢劫而杀人的可能。

  10. Last year there was a plague of robbery and housebreaking.

  去年抢劫和入室行窃成灾。

  11. Armed robbery and abduction have been on the increase countrywide.

  持械抢劫和诱拐案的案发率在全国范围内都有所上升。

  12. A tourist was robbed after being given a drugged orange.

  一名旅游者在喝了一杯被动了手脚的橙汁饮料后遭到了抢劫。

  13. The trouble began when gangs began breaking windows and looting shops.

  一些团伙开始破窗抢劫商店时发生了骚乱。

  14. I can"t turn a blind eye when someone is being robbed.

  当有人遭到抢劫时,我不能视而不见。

  15. He carried out a series of bank raids.

  他实施了一系列的银行抢劫。

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2023-07-24 05:36:191

英语故事抢劫银行

英语故事抢劫银行   一个人去抢银行,结果什么也没拿就走了,为什么?答案就在下面的小故事里哦,跟我一起看看吧。   Bank robbery   An old lady went out shopping last Tuesday. She came to a bank and saw a car near the door. A man got out of it and went into the bank. She looked into the car. The keys were in the lock. The old lady took the keys and followed the man into the bank. The man took a gun out of his pocket and said to the clerk, "Give me all the money."   But the old lady did not see this. She went to the man, put the keys in his hand and said, "Young man, you"re stupid! Never leave your keys in your car: someone"s going to steal it!"   The man looked at the old woman for a few seconds. Then he looked at the clerk -- and then he took his keys, ran out of the bank, got into his car and drove away quickly, without any money.   上星期二一位老太太出去买东西了。她来到一家银行,看见门附近有一辆小汽车。一个男人从里面出来进入银行。她朝车里看了看。钥匙在锁里。老太太拿着钥匙跟着那个男人进了银行。那人从口袋里掏出一把枪,对店员说:“把钱给我。”   但老太太没有看到这个。她走到男人面前,把钥匙放在他的手里说:“年轻人,你真愚蠢!千万别把钥匙丢在车里:有人要偷!   那人看了老妇人几秒钟。然后他看了看店员,然后拿起钥匙,从银行里跑出来,钻进车里,没有要钱就开走了。   英语词汇积累   1 came xTYyl   v.动词come的过去式   参考例句:   I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。   The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。   2 saw ts3yA   vbl.看见(see的过去式);n.锯;v.用锯子锯   参考例句:   Would you like to saw a tree for me?你能为我锯棵树吗?   The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一看到你,就知道你在生我的气。   3 got wfuxi   v.(get的过去式)得到,猜到,明白   参考例句:   I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。   I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。   4 lock 80JxE   vi.锁,锁上,锁住,紧闭;vt.锁,锁上,拘禁;隐藏;使固定,卡住;n.锁,刹车;水闸;一缕头发   参考例句:   This box doesn"t lock.这只箱子锁不上。   Will you lock up the house,please?请将房门锁起来,好吗?   5 took indwq   vt.带,载(take的过去式)   参考例句:   I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。   It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。   6 gun Velxo   n.炮;枪   参考例句:   This is a really big gun.这是一个真正的大枪。   The soldier reached for his gun.那名士兵伸手去拿枪。   7 pocket tO1x8   n.口袋,钱袋,钱,容器,孤立地区;vt.装…在口袋里,隐藏,抑制,私吞,搁置   参考例句:   The letter has been in my pocket all the time.这封信一直揣在我口袋里。   I wish to change some pocket money.我希望换些零钱。   8 said IYtxh   v.动词say的过去式、过去分词   参考例句:   He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。   He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。   9 clerk uq6zd   n.(银行、办公室、商店等)办事员   参考例句:   He is a bank clerk.他是一位银行职员。   Are you a clerk here?你是这儿的店员吗?   10 did SvwxP   v.动词do的过去式   参考例句:   How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球?   Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢?   11 stupid ttBwD   adj.愚蠢的,笨拙的",麻木的,无趣味的;n.傻瓜   参考例句:   The boy is too stupid.那个男孩太笨了。   He must be really stupid.那他一定很傻。   12 going dsHzY9   n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的   参考例句:   We"re going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。   He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。   13 steal vGDz9   vi.偷,偷偷行动,(棒球等)偷垒;vt.偷,私运,偷垒;n.偷东西,诈取,砍价   参考例句:   Would you steal from your own family?你会从自己家里偷东西吗?   He didn"t actually steal the money.他实际上没偷那笔钱。   14 few kk0x2   adj.很少的,不多的,少数的;int.少数的   参考例句:   There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。   I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。   15 ran lTxxe   vbl.run的过去式   参考例句:   He ran,and then slowed down to a walk.他跑着,然后放慢速度步行。   As soon as Marie opened the door,the dog ran in.当玛丽一打开门,狗就跑了进来。   16 drove brAxi   vbl.驾驶,drive的过去式;n.畜群   参考例句:   He drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour.他以每小时60英里的速度开车。   They drove foreign goods out of the market.他们把外国货驱逐出市场。 ;
2023-07-24 05:36:281

雾都孤儿中的人物简介(英文版)

Character Profiles Agnes- Oliver"s mother who died giving birth.The only thing she left was a locket with her name inscribed. Nurse- Woman who delivered Oliver,and later died in the workhouse revealing the story of the locket and the night Oliver was born. Oliver Twist- The main character of the story,Oliver is an affection-starved little boy who will not commit crimes.He was abused as a young child,and only wants to be loved.His adventures make him the best of friends and the worst of enemies. Mr..Mann - The woman who raised Oliver for the first nine years.She treated him and her other orphans very poorly by beating and starving them. Mr.Bumble- The town beadle who thinks very lowly of Oliver.He eventually marries Mrs.Corney and makes Oliver"s life more difficult. Mr.Gamfield- A chimneysweeper who wanted Oliver as an apprentice. Mr.Sowerberry- A coffin maker that Oliver was apprenticed to.He generally treated the boy well,but chose his wife"s lies over Oliver"s truths. Mrs.Sowerberry- Wife of the coffin maker who disliked young Oliver. Charlotte- Maid to the Sowerberry"s that ends up running away with Noah and beginning a life of crime. Noah Claypole - Another worker for the Sowerberry"s,Noah antagonizes Oliver when he was there,and when he begins to work for Fagin,his actions lead to the death of Nancy. Young Dick- A friend of Oliver"s at Mrs.Mann"s who loves him. Jack Dawkins- “Artful Dodger” is a young accomplished thief who finds Oliver on the road to London and introduces him to Fagin. Fagin- The main antagonist in the story,“The Jew” takes Oliver under his wing and tries to make a pickpocket out of him.He is a powerful crime leader who has an affection for only money and will kill anyone who stands in his way. Charley Bates- Another one of Fagin"s thieves who tends to laugh at everything in life. Betsy- A woman who works for Fagin. Nancy- A woman who works for Fagin and tries to help Oliver which eventually leads to her death.She is passionate,caring,and loves Sikes,who eventually kills her. Mr.Brownlow- A man who Oliver"s thief friends rob on the street.He takes Oliver in,and discovers his true parentage. Mrs.Bedwin- Mr.Brownlow"s housekeeper who nurses Oliver back to health. Mr.Grimwig- A friend of Mr.Brownlow who is very cynical of the boy but eventually helps to keep him safe. Mr.Sikes - Another evil character who is a member of Fagin"s gang.He has a little white dog that follows him everywhere.He threatens Oliver and reluctantly leaves him to die in a field after the boy was shot.He kills Nancy in a rage,and eventually kills himself. Tom Chitling- Another petty thief of Fagin"s Toby Crackit- A “flash” man who helps Sikes attempt to commit the robbery. Barney- A thief who helps Sikes. Mrs.Corney/ Mrs.Bumble- The matron of the workhouse Oliver was born in who eventually marries Mr.Brumble and here"s the confession of the nurse on her deathbed.She finds the evidence of Oliver"s parentage,and sells it to Monks. Giles- The butler of the Maylie household,he is the man who shot Oliver. Brittles- The “boy” of the Maylie household who was also there the night Oliver was shot. Rose Maylie- The adopted niece of Mrs.Maylie who turns out to be Oliver"s Aunt.She is kind,loving,and a great joy in Oliver"s life. Mrs.Maylie- An old woman who accepts Oliver into her home and finally gives him a loving atmosphere to live in. Mr.Losberne - The doctor and friend of Mrs.Maylie who helps Oliver in his adventures.He is impatient and earnest,but also happy and kindhearted. Blathers Duff- The two Bow Street Runners who come to investigate the attempted robbery.They are filled with stories to tell,and are suspicious of Oliver. Harry Maylie- The son of Mrs.Maylie,Harry is deeply in love with Rose and would do anything to marry her.He befriends Oliver and adds to the boy"s loving atmosphere. Monks/ Edward Leeford- Oliver"s older half brother who does not want to split his inheritance with the bastard child.He destroys the evidence of Oliver"s mother,and is a cohort of Fagin and his gang
2023-07-24 05:36:431

The police are offering a big ___________ for information about the robbery. A.award B.priz.

C 试题分析:句意:对于给这次抢劫案提供信息的人,警方将给与重赏。Award奖品;prize战利品;reward赏金;money钱,选C。
2023-07-24 05:37:351

照明200lx什么意思

你好, 这个是亮度的标准,单位, 国信机电, 付战红
2023-07-24 05:26:085

葡萄英语单词怎么写

是grape
2023-07-24 05:26:125

谁帮我写3篇英语作文?急急急啊,没分,要不100分我也愿意都给你,谢谢了。

这个什么时候要啊,能写的,要是写地话,加下 Wo
2023-07-24 05:26:192

巴勒斯坦战役的详细经过及结果结果

起初,政治犹太复国主义运动只是世界犹太人中的一个边缘运动,至多只是欧洲犹太人中的一种思潮,多数犹太人对此没有兴趣,甚至反对。犹太人不认同犹太复国主义的一个重要原因是,很多犹太人包括一些著名人士和领袖,意识到在巴勒斯坦复国必然伤害当地人民的利益,于道义不合,他们建议去寻找一块“没有人民的土地”,用来建立犹太家园。但历史的发展并不总是符合理性和道义的。19世纪后期,沙皇俄国开始对犹太人屠杀,东欧各地也开始了反犹、排犹活动。20世纪30年代,希特勒开始疯狂杀戮犹太人,迫使大批犹太人不得不加入到复国的行列。一些大国,包括英国、美国,为了推行对阿拉伯国家分而治之的策略,也纵容与支持了犹太复国运动。1917年11月,英国发表《贝尔福宣言》,支持犹太人在巴勒斯坦建立一个犹太人的国家。当年11月6日,英军入侵巴勒斯坦(第一次世界大战时的巴勒斯坦属于正在与德国一起对英作战的奥斯曼帝国),并在一战结束后取得了管辖巴勒斯坦的“委任统治权”。1921年,英国以执行《贝尔福宣言》为由,采取了传统的分而治之的政策,以约旦河为界,将巴勒斯坦分为东西两部分。在英国的支持下,犹太人开始大规模迁入巴勒斯坦,到1939年,在巴勒斯坦的犹太人近45万,占巴勒斯坦居民总数的1/3。1947年11月29日,联大通过了巴勒斯坦分治决议。规定英国对巴勒斯坦的委任统治于1948年8月结束,其后在巴勒斯坦建立阿拉伯国和犹太国;阿拉伯面积11000平方公里,犹太国面积14000平方公里;耶路撒冷市成为一个在国际政权下的独立主体,由联合国管理。这样人口占巴勒斯坦总人口三分之一的犹太人拥有了近60%的土地。联合国分治决议一通过,巴勒斯坦阿拉伯人和阿拉伯国家纷纷举行示威,反对分治。犹太复国主义者认为,应借此大好时机以武力建国。1947年11月30日清晨,爆发了犹太人和阿拉伯人之间的激烈的武装冲突。1948年5月14日,犹太复国主义者宣布成立以色列国。15日,阿盟国家埃及、外约旦、伊拉克、叙利亚和黎巴嫩的军队相继进入巴勒斯坦,第一次中东战争开始。此后,又发生了4次中东战争。在1967年的第三次中东战争中,以色列占领了巴勒斯坦全境,土著的巴勒斯坦人分成了三部分:一部分背井离乡,加入到第一次中东战争后形成的巴勒斯坦难民行列;一部分在以色列本土上成为以色列的少数民族;大部分留在加沙地带和约旦河西岸,成了没有国家的被占领区居民。但巴勒斯坦人民从来没有放弃过要求恢复合法民族权益和建立国家的斗争,从20世纪50年代的费达因(敢死队)到有纲领、有组织的巴解组织,直到1987年开始的全占领区的巴勒斯坦人民的大起义,巴勒斯坦人民的力量不断壮大。不断的战争最终让阿方明白:以色列是不能被常规战争所消灭,以色列在战争中是越打越大。而以方也明白:不可能通过一次常规战争达到一劳永逸地解决自己的安全问题。双方终于意识到,谈判是唯一的出路。在国际社会的推动下,1993年9月,巴勒斯坦人的组织第一次以一个独立的政治实体与以色列签订了奥斯陆协议,开始了巴以和平进程。但由于巴勒斯坦人民是处在“理与力”相悖的状态,在遇到关键问题时,双方总要有一番较力,和谈的进程一波三折。
2023-07-24 05:26:261

favorite是什么意思

favorite意思是最喜爱的。favorite词组有my favorite我最喜欢;我最爱;我的最爱。favorite sport最爱的运动;最喜爱的运动。favorite subject最喜欢的科目;最喜爱的学科。favorite movie最喜欢的电影;最受欢迎的电影。favorite song最喜欢的歌曲;最爱的歌。most favorite最喜欢。favorite place最爱的地方;最喜爱的地方。favorite teacher最喜爱的老师。favorite author最喜欢的作家。favorite例句:1、The song is still a favorite after 20 years.这首20年后仍大受欢迎。2、The walls are painted blue and hung with posters of my favorite celebrities.墙壁漆成蓝色,挂着我最喜欢的名人的海报。3、I stick posters of my favorite football team, Manchester United, on the wall.我把我最喜欢的足球队曼联的海报贴在墙上。4、A nocturnal member of the squirrel family searches for fungi, its favorite food.一名松鼠家族的夜行成员在寻找它最喜欢的食物——真菌。
2023-07-24 05:26:261

洲际酒店是采取的什么组织结构

洲际酒店采取七部一室组织结构,包括房务部,餐饮部,康乐部,人力资源部,销售部,工程部,保安部和总经理办公室。从上往下的话,总经理,驻店经理和中方总经理,不过现在随着中国酒店管理人才的崛起,最高管理层有更多的中国人占据就没有中方总经理。大部分还有业主代表这个岗位,代表投资方。下面是各大部门的总监,但不是所有部门都有,只有大的部门才有,比如餐饮和房务。前厅一般没有总监只有经理,属于房务总监管。扩展资料洲际酒店发展历史:1777年Bass在英国创立了一个酿酒厂,后来发展成为英国顶级酿造者之一。1876年Bass的商标红三角成为英国第一个注册商标。二十世纪六十年代Bass公司收购了一些知名的酿酒公司,成为英国最大的酿酒商,也拥有最多的酒馆。2001年,六洲饭店集团在全球的利润额近8亿英镑。在全世界100多个国家管理着3200多家饭店,旗下有洲际、皇冠、假日、快捷假日、stay bridge等5个品牌。其中假日(Holiday Inn)是当时全球最大的单一中档饭店品牌。
2023-07-24 05:26:281

grapevine.terminal.d在美国哪里

位于北美洲
2023-07-24 05:26:042

安徽工商职业学院是公办还是民办

安徽工商职业学院是一所公办学院。安徽工商职业学院,位于中国安徽省合肥市,成立于1986年。作为一所以工科为主体,涵盖工、商、管、文等多学科的全日制普通本专科高校,它有着深厚的历史底蕴和学术传统。学院创办初期,正值我国经济改革、教育体制改革的深入推进时期,社会对人才的需求不断壮大,安徽工商职业学院应运而生,致力于培养适应社会发展需要的各类技术技能型人才。安徽工商职业学院作为公办学院,具有明显的公共属性。学院主要依托政府的投入和社会资金支持来进行办学,政府对其办学政策、教育质量和教育资源具有较强的监管和指导作用。学院严格按照国家教育部门的有关规定和要求进行招生、培训和管理,积极推进高职教育改革,发挥政策优势,积极争取国家和地方政府的支持和资源,努力提升学院的办学水平。安徽工商职业学院建筑风格:安徽工商职业学院占地面积约1000亩。学院的建筑风格独具特色,充分体现了安徽传统建筑文化与现代建筑理念的完美结合。在建筑风格上,学院注重保持安徽地域特色,同时又顺应现代城市建筑发展的潮流,使得学院在景观设计等方面呈现出独特的风貌。安徽工商职业学院的建筑群主要包括教学楼、实验楼、图书馆、学生公寓、体育馆等多个功能区域。在设计理念上,学院强调建筑与环境的和谐融合,注重绿化和生态保护,使校园呈现出生机勃勃、美丽宜居的景象。安徽工商职业学院的建筑风格不仅充分展现了安徽地区特色,还融入了现代建筑美学理念,使得整个校园环境优美、功能齐全,为师生提供了良好的学习和生活条件。以上数据来源于安徽工商职业学院官网。
2023-07-24 05:25:571

“小道消息” 咋说 ?

大家都知道谣言传播的速度是飞快的。有句话说,谣言已经走了半个地球,而事实还刚刚在穿鞋。人们坐在一起闲聊,天南地北,说长道短,中间难免传播些流言飞语,小道消息。美国有好多成语和俗语是形容这一方面的。    through the grapevine   要是你问一个人,你说的那个消息是从那儿听来的,他可能会说:through the grapevine.grape是葡萄,grapevine就是葡萄藤。Through the grapevine的意思实际上就和中文里说的:通过小道消息来的一样。也就是说,这个消息是经过人们口头传播传到他这儿来的,他也不知道到底是从谁那儿开始的。   早在一百多年前,当美国南北战争正在进行的时刻,士兵们把那些非官方渠道来的消息,也就是秘密地在他们中间传播的消息称为grapevine.   例如:   What do you think of the news that our regiment is being transferred to California. It"s not announced officially yet, but this morning I got it through the grapevine.   你对我们部队调到加利福尼亚州去的消息是怎么想的。这个消息还没有正式宣布,我是今天早上通过小道消息听来的。   又如:   I don"t always believe what I get through the grapevine, but it"s true at least half the time and and it"s a lot faster than whatever the army tells you about what we"re doing.   我不完全相信小道消息。但是,小道消息至少有一半是确实的,而且比部队领导告诉我们的要快多了。    to shoot the breeze   To shoot就是发射、开枪、发炮等,breeze就是阵阵微风。To shoot the breeze这个习惯用语使人脑子里出现了一幅画面,也就是:一些好朋友没事聚在一起闲聊天,毫无顾忌地想说什么就说什么。   例如:   On Friday nights I usually go to a movie. But it was raining so hard last night I just stayed in the dorm to sit around and shoot the breeze with a couple of friends.   一般来说,星期五晚上我总是去看电影的。可是,昨晚上雨下得好大呀,所以我就呆在宿舍里和两个朋友一起聊天。   又如:   One thing I enjoy about shooting the breeze——you can relax and say anything you want to. You"re among friends and nobody takes things seriously.   我很喜欢聊天,因为你可以很放松,想说什么都行。你是和朋友在一起,没有人会很认真的。
2023-07-24 05:25:551

英语语言文化方面论文

  语言既是人类社会进行交际的重要工具,又是文化的重要组成部分,语言和文化密不可分。下文是我为大家整理的关于英语语言文化方面论文的范文,欢迎大家阅读参考!   英语语言文化方面论文篇1   解读酒店英语中的语言文化   摘 要: 酒店服务人员应从与饭店英语相关的中西方文化知识出发,领会文化差异和语言差异,以矫正由于中西文化差异而带来的语言偏差,从而达到学习语言、吸收文化和服务客人的目的。   关键词: 酒店英语 语言文化 文化差异   一、引言   语言与文化密切相关,不同文化习惯的语言不可避免地会发生冲突,而跨文化语言沟通存在于涉外高星酒店服务的各个环节。因此,酒店英语不仅是语言知识的学习,而且是语言文化和交际技能的培训。语言的本质属性不是语言知识而是思维。当一个人不了解该语言所蕴涵的文化时,那必然会发生语用错误。   二、具有本质特性的酒店英语   酒店英语属旅游专业英语范畴,具有专业英语的针对性(pertinence)和服务英语的得体性(decency)。语言标准应为:明晰、通畅、表意得当。如:   Waiter:How would you like with your steak?Rare,medium or well-done?(请问您牛排要几成熟?三成,五成还是七成?)   Guest:Rare,please.(三成。)   通常,rare是“稀少”的意思;medium是“中间”的意思;well-done是“干得好”的意思。而出现在服务员为客人点菜的流程中,它的意思就非常具有专业英语的针对性了。语言学家吕叔湘先生对言语得体有这样的描述:“此时此地此人说此事,这样的说法最好;对另外的人在另外的场合说的还是这件事,这样的说法就不一定最好,就应使用另一种说法。”请看下面这组酒店客人和服务员之间的对话:   Guest:Hi,waiter,you speak beautiful English.   Waiter: Thank you,sir. Welcome to Holiday Inn.   Waiter顺应英语习惯欣然接受,而非按中文习惯去拒绝,说“No,no,My English is not good.”以示谦虚,否则只会使顾客感到莫名其妙,不知所云。由此看出,服务语言的得体性在酒店英语的情境应用中显现得淋漓尽致。   三、文化差异(Cultural Difference)在酒店英语中的体现   文化影响着语言学习的思维方式,因此中英两种语言文化交汇时,必然会发生冲突。语言学家M.Wolfson曾指出:“在与外族人交谈时,本族人对于他们在语音和语法方面的错误较宽容。与此相反,违反说话规则被认为是不够礼貌的。因为本族人不大可能认识到社会语言学的相对性。”这种情况又被称之为“社交语用失误”,它主要是指由于文化背景差异,交际时出现语用习惯错误。在酒店服务岗位的英语使用时,中英文化的差异将会给酒店服务中的语言交流带来不便。   (一)招呼(Greeting)用语   按照中国的文化习惯,问候和打招呼时,常爱涉及对方本身,询问的内容显得十分具体。中国人见面打招呼时最喜欢用的口头语如:   “吃饭了吗?”(Have you finished your dinner?)   “上哪儿去?”(Where have you been?)   如果将上面的招呼用语拿来用在老外身上,定会令他们感到丈二和尚摸不着头脑。例如:在酒店,初次见面对一位英美女客人说:“Did you have your lunch?”她会感到非常诧异。因为在他们的文化里,这样打招呼是暗示邀请的意思。这也是酒店英语服务中服务人员要引以为戒的。   与之不同,英语国家人打招呼,通常以天气(weather)、健康状况(health)、体育(sports)或兴趣爱好(interest/hobby)作为话题。如:   What a lovely day!(今天天气真好呀!)   I like hiking,and you?(我喜欢徒步旅行,你呢?)   (二)介绍(Introduction)用语   中国人小学第一节英语课便学了“Whatu2019s your name?”这句话。而这句话伴随许多人长大,考过了四、六级,TOEFL,IELTS,但对于它在何种情况下使用却鲜有解释。实际上,英语国家的人在第一次见面时一般先把自己的名字告诉对方,如“I am ...”,对方会自然地说出自己的姓名。因此“Iu2019m ...”这里可以直接译成“请问贵姓?”。即使在填写表格、面谈等场合需要问及姓名时,一般也只说“Your name,please?”或“May I have your name?”如果使用“Whatu2019s your name?”会有一种被审问的感觉。一般只有海关人员、警察采用这种问讯句式。因此酒店员工在客人check-in(入住登记)或check-out(办理退房)的时候,一定要注意礼貌而得体的问询,以免冒犯客人。   (三)称赞(compliment)和接受赞扬   在人际交往中,谦虚和低调是中国人崇尚的表达方式,常会用“哪里哪里”、“不行,差远了”来回应别人的夸奖。而西方人则认为实话实说才能友好往来,而会欣然接受来自他人的赞扬。也常用赞美作为交谈的话题,如赞美对方出色的工作等。面对客人的赞美,员工的回答应是:“Thank you.”如:   Guest:You did a good job!   Waitress:Ah,thank you.   (四)关于隐私(privacy)   在中国,初次见面询问对方年龄、婚姻、收入是很自然随意的事情。而倾向自我、独立和自由的英语国家的人,会认为这些内容涉及个人隐私。如:   Are you married?(你结婚了吗?)   Whatu2019s your salary?(你的薪水是多少?)   以上内容涉及个人隐私,服务员切忌问及客人此类问题。因此,当酒店员工对入住客人的基本情况不甚了解时,“Is your husband/wife with you?”或“How many children do you have?”这样的问话是不得体的。   (五)搭配词语(phrase)表达   搭配词语指词与词的横向组合关系。搭配是民族文化中约定俗成的,不能用中文的搭配思维去套用到英语里面。在酒店用语中经常用到的如:“红茶”英语为“black tea”,而“black coffee”用汉语表示为“不加糖的咖啡”;“红酒”在英语中是“wine”(不是red wine);而white wine中文也不译成“白酒”。因此在搭配词语运用时,同样要注意词汇表达中的文化内涵。   四、尊重语言文化、提高饭店英语应用能力   世界各民族由于历史渊源、思想方式、生活习性、审美观念、价值理念、宗教信仰等不同,从而产生了文化上的差异。语用能力的提高离不开目标语国家的文化因素,因此要增强文化意识、主动自觉地吸收并融入他人文化环境中。   在培养文化意识(culture consciousness),理解语言内涵的同时,还应注重不同的文化有着不同的语用原则,注重词汇文化差异、句法文化差异及日常习俗文化差异来强化文化意识,为提高正确语用能力奠定基础。不能视酒店英语为简单的口语交流,必须增强对英语文化背景知识的学习,要树立英汉语言差异意识,懂得英语在不同语境中的应用,即掌握一些文化语用知识。   五、结语   综上所述,酒店服务人员应改掉以往只重视语言本身而忽视语言文化的不合理做法,把文化因素纳入语言之中,用英语进行有效得体的交际。努力培养文化习得意识并使文化的规范与语言技能的培养同步进行。不仅注意语言形式的正确,还要重视语言运用是否恰当。既要有母语和英语两种语言的对比语言学修养,又要有两国比较文化背景学方面的知识,这才是成为国际化酒店具有跨文化意识人才的首要条件。   参考文献:   [1]Denney G.Rutherfordaf著.梁晓波,王才美,刘亚琴译.现代美国饭店经营与管理[M].湖南科技出版社,2001.   [2]鲍伯u30fb里宾斯基著.李正喜译.专业酒水[M].大连理工大学出版社,2002.   [3]许元娜.提高大学生英语学习能力的研究[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2009.   [4]刘燕婷.旅游英语情景体验式教学初探[J].淮北职业技术学院学报,2009,(2).   英语语言文化方面论文篇2   浅析美式英语语言文化特点分析   摘要:美国文化是崇尚自由、平等和自我的文化,其包容性十分强,具有多元化的民族融合性。其核心文化特征是追求人人平等和自我价值的实现。这些文化特征在美式英语文化中有着深刻的体现。文章结合美国文化的产生背景对其语言分析特点进行分析探讨。   关键词:美式英语;语言文化;特点   引言   美国文化是一种非常独特的民族文化。从世界文化的区域和类型来说,美国文化属于西方文化范畴。但与其他西方文化相比,美国文化有着许多迥然不同的地方,它不但有别于与其有着亲缘关系的英国文化。而且有别于它的邻国加拿大和其他欧洲国家的文化。语言与文化的关系是水乳交融、不可分割的。   首先,语言体现了文化。一方面,语言是文化的一部分。根据文化的狭义定义,文化是从社会习得的知识。而语言则是人类对客观事实的认识和感受的反应,属于人类文化的一部分。另一方面,语言是文化的载体。因为语言是人类思维和交流的工具,也是人类形成思想的中介。本文试图从美国英语所反映的移民文化、价值观念、新文化等方面来分析美式英语语言文化的形成特点。   一、美式英语的形成背景   美国英语的形成与发展与美国的移民历史所带来的文化大融合有着密切关系。17世纪初,英国开始在北美进行殖民活动,在北美建立多个殖民地,而在殖民地的通用语言就是英语。之后不断有欧洲人移民到这片大陆上。自殖民地时期,美国英语就在多民族的接触与融合中从异族的语言文化中吸取营养,充实内涵,加快语言的多元化发展,形成美国英语的独特的融合特征。德语、法语、西班牙语、荷兰语和印第安语、黑人语言等移民群体的语言词汇不断渗透到美国人使用的英语里。   另一方面,美国政治、经济、人口结构和社会生活的特殊性,推动了作为社会交际工具的语言美国英语的独立与发展。在词汇、语音和语法结构等方面有别于英国英语的民族语言,美国英语的形成关键在于这个民族在新的社会和生活环境中不拘一格地创造和使用新词。而美国英语中丰富的新词都是出现在普通大众的言谈之中。   由于美国新社会特有的力量和群众性语言占据优势,因此,在美国,语言影响的流程是由下而上发展的。在美国英语中,最贴近生活和最能反映平民要求与社会生活特征的是俚语,俚语是美国英语词汇的主要来源之一。方言和俚语一样分布广泛,来自社会各个阶层,是美国民族语言的生命源泉,既有浓厚的民族文化内涵,又有丰富的表现力和多样性,大量的方言和俚语使得美国英语在较短的时间内区别于英国英语而成为美利坚民族的民族语言。   二、美式英语的语言文化特点   1、个体主义价值观及其在美国英语中的表现   美国文化以个体为本位,个人主义在美国发展到登峰造极的地步,是美国价值观的核心。它的主要内容是通过自力更生达到自我实现。与它联系最紧密的是自由平等竞争。机会均等和个人自由是实现自我价值的基本保障,而竞争是实现个人价值的根本途径。美国人在创造自己文化的同时,也创造了许多表现个人主义的词汇。最有代表性的如:self-absorption(自我专注)、self-limitation(自我制约)、self-cultivate(自我修养)、self-conquest(自我战胜)、self-admiration(自我赞赏)、self-control(自我控制)、self-dependence(自立)、self-reliance(自我依靠)、self-responsibility(自我负责)、self-advancement(自我发展)、self-salesmanship(自我宣传)、self-fulfilling(自我实现)、self-protection(自我保护)等。个体主义价值观特别重视对个人空间和私生活的保护和尊重。"privacy"(隐私)一词在美国人的意识中占有异常重要的位置。无论是在生活空间还是在情感处理上,哪怕是对一个未成年的孩子,都会尊重对方的选择和隐私。   2、美国英语与印第安文化   土著印第安人是美洲大陆最早的定居者,他们的祖先是具有亚洲蒙古人血统的游牧狩猎者,他们于后冰川时代跨过白令海峡来到北美大陆。从美国英语中可以找出许多反映印第安文化的词语。如山川、河流、湖泊等。美国英语吸收了约有2000个左右的印第安词语。   印第安人善于狩猎并拥有种植的技艺,因此很多动物和植物的名称都来自印第安语。如mose(麋)、pecan(美洲核桃)等。美国各州的名称,有一半是来自印第安语。如密苏里州(Missouri)、俄勒冈州(Oregon)、密西根州(Michigan)、马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)、犹他州(Utah)等。另外,许多与印第安人的部落关系、生活方式、宗教习俗、农作物以及社会机构有关的词也来自印第安语。   3、美国英语使用的通俗化和标新立异的意识   美国人在词语的使用上有通俗化的特点,他们不喜欢咬文嚼字,说话力求形象、易懂。最能体现美国人用词通俗化的是美国俚语。美国俚语是平民百姓的语言,虽通俗形象不矫揉造作,但有些也难免流于粗俗,这些粗俗的俚语不宜登大雅之堂。但有时为了避免语言单调和落入俗套,上流人物甚至总统也敢离径叛道。贵为总统,出言粗俗,无非是想表明自己敢于向常规与正统挑战,在语言表达上突出自己的粗犷个性和创新意识。   汽车文化是美国社会的显著特点,美国人经常借用汽车的商标来比喻其他产品的质量和等级。如,美国Ford汽车公司曾生产一种滞销的Edsel牌汽车,于是,Edlse就常被用来比喻为"彻底失败的产品或人"。   结语   美国英语丰富多彩,反映了美国文化的千姿百态。而且,美国英语的每一个演变都有其社会背景和文化内涵,是与美国社会的发展齐头并进的。它们真实地反映了美国社会的发展历程,是美国各个历史时期社会活动和文化思潮的折射。在美国英语中,不仅蕴藏着美利坚民族特有的传统文化、价值观念和性格特征,而且也突出地体现了语言的时代特征。   参考文献   [1]李正国.从美国地名浅析美式英语来源[J].内蒙古民族大学学报.2007(03)   [2]陈凌.美国文化在英语中的投影[J].广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版).2001(02)   [3]张莉娟.美国英语所反映出的美国文化[J].陕西教育学院学报.2007(01)
2023-07-24 05:25:541

grapevines是什么意思

grapevines n. 传闻( grapevine的名词复数 );小道消息;通过小道消息;根据传闻 [例句]Pruning grapevines must be done very carefully.修剪葡萄藤必须小心翼翼的完成。如果对您有帮助,满意别忘了采纳一下哦~
2023-07-24 05:25:483