定语

atomosphere 一种氛围 in such an atomesphere, all the students feel respected...在这样一种氛围里... 要用where表环境、地点。

ADsuch as the same as固定搭配A应该选A the 也要去掉

我见到过有where引导的句子:Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt"phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.实在不清楚为什么是where 引导

这个其实是“结构歧义”，任何语言里都有，因为任何语言都不是绝对完善的（汉语中也比比皆是，如“我叫他去”、“学校领导对他的猛烈批评是有准备的”，都是语法结构本身的不严谨造成的）。只有借助上下文来分析。具体到英语里的定语/状语歧义，一般情况下，可以先采取就近原则，看这个不定式短语做定语是否说得通（毕竟它紧跟在plan后面，而...plan to do sth是常见搭配），如果说不通，再从全句考虑，看它修饰谓语动词是否更有道理。但这句话比较困难，因为仅看这一句，不知道亚利桑那州的法案倾向于什么立场，也不知道文章的基调是说大多数人赞成还是反对警方对移民法的加强措施，不过我相信只要看这句话之前的一两句应该就能做出判断了。这种歧义句通常不会拿来单独做考题，只会出现在阅读文章里。

“all+ 名词”时,表示“全部的, 总的, 整个的”的意思,是形容词,做的是定语.例如： All my flowers have died. 我的花全死了. “all +OF+名词”时,表示“全部,一切”的意思,是代词,做的是主语.例如： All of us were disappointed by him. 他使我们大家都失望了.

“all+ 名词”时，表示“全部的, 总的, 整个的”的意思，是形容词，做的是定语。例如： All my flowers have died. 我的花全死了。 “all +OF+名词”时，表示“全部，一切”的意思，是代词，做的是主语。例如： All of us were disappointed by him. 他使我们大家都失望了。

that occurred 是定语从句，that代替 each day 在定从中作主语，occurred（发生）是不及物动词作谓语。 that由于作主语，所以不可以省去。如还有不明白的，请追问！that occurred 是定语从句，that代替 each day 在定从中作主语，occurred（发生）是不及物动词作谓语。 that由于作主语，所以不可以省去。如还有不明白的，请追问！

The boy who is playing football is Tom.正在踢足球的那个男孩是汤姆. 其中who is playing football 做the boy 的定语,6,变定语从句 The boy is playing football.The boy is Tom. 变定语从句 The boy is playing football.The boy is Tom.

The boy who is smiling is Tom

是过去分词做后置定语，可以改为定语从句：aboywhosenameistom

这句的结构是 Can you do A as B do A? as这里是连词，像。。。一样，引导的是状语从句。整句有两部分， Can you can a can? 你能装罐吗？as a canner can can a can. 像装罐工那样装罐

一、关系代词直接放在介词后面时，要用which。例:ReadthepassagetowhichIreferredinmytalk.读一下我在演讲中提到过的那段文章。Hisnewcar,forwhichhepaid￡7000,hasalreadyhadtoberepaired.他花700英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。二.which还可以用作关系限定词，后跟名词，that则不能这样用。例:Hechangedhismindforthesecondtime,afterwhichIrefusedevertogooutwithhimagain.他第二次变卦，以后我再也不跟他出去了。Thepostmancomesat6.30inthemorning,atwhichtimeIamusuallyfastasleep.邮递员早晨六点半就到，而这时我通常还熟睡着呢。Hemaycome,inwhichcaseI"llaskhim.他也许会来，来了我就问他。Thereare2left,oneofwhichisalmostfinishedandtheotherofwhichisnotquite.剩下两件事，一件快做完了，另一件还有得做。三、引导非限制性定词从句时，一般要用which，不用that。例:Football,whichisapopulargame,isplayedalloverthewofld.全世界都踢足球，它是一项很受欢迎的运动。Shespentalleveningtalkingaboutherlatestbook,whichnoneofushadeverheardof.她花了整个晚上谈她最近的新书，关于这本书，我们没有一个人听说过。如果答案您满意，请记得采纳噢!(*^__^*)嘻嘻……

就近原则。这句话就是修饰specialists得。

youwillfindme。youwillfindmewaitingfouyou翻译成中文的意思就是，你会发现我在等你，非常优美的一句话，把youwillfindmewaitingfouyou改成定语后就是youwillfindme。

不定式作后置定语。

　　简单的定语从句例句 1 　　The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 　　The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 　　Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 　　Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 　　Mr Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. 　　Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see. 　　The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 　　The girl whom the teacher often praises is our monitor. 　　The man whom you met just now is my old friend. 　　Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 　　The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 　　He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 　　This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 　　The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 　　The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 　　Where is the man that I saw this morning? 　　The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 　　The season which comes after spring is summer. 　　Yesterday I received a letter which came from Australia. 　　I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 　　He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 　　I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 　　The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. 　　The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 　　Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? 　　Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 　　The school which he once studied in is very famous. 　　The school in which he once studied is very famous. 　　Tomorrow I"ll bring here the magazine which you asked for. 　　Tomorrow I"ll bring here the magazine for which you asked. 　　This is the boy whom I played tennis with yesterday. 　　This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 　　We"ll go to hear the famous singer whom we have often talked about. 　　We"ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 　　The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 　　The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 　　I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 　　The time when we got together finally arrived. 　　October 1, 1949 was the day when the People"s Republic of China was founded. 　　The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 　　I don"t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 　　The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 　　I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 　　Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 　　Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 　　Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 　　简单的定语从句例句 2 　　1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。 　　The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine. 　　1. 整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。 The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins. 　　2. 我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。 　　Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women. 　　3. 那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。 　　Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued. 　　4. 你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀! 　　The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening. 　　5. 我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。 　　My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight. 　　6. 我们正在看的这幢大楼过去曾经是一家医院。 　　The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital. 　　7. 约翰向母亲说起过把他在国外见过的人和城市。 　　John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad. 　　8. 他是去过伦敦的一位以观光者之一。 　　He is one of the tourists who have been to London. 　　9. 他是这些观光者当中唯一去过伦敦的。 　　He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London. 　　10. 这就是你们上个礼拜参观过的学校吗? 　　Is this the school that you visited last Sunday? 　　11. 这所学校就是你们上个礼拜参观过的那所吗? 　　Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday? 　　12. 他们曾经居住过的是在这个地方里。 　　It is in this place that he once lived. 　　13. 这是他们曾经住过的地址。 　　It is the place where he once lived. 　　14. 他有两个儿子，每一位都看起来像他。 　　He has two sons, either of whom looks like him. 　　15. 他有连个儿子，并且每一个都看起来像他。 　　He has two sons, and either of them looks like him. 　　16. 这是一本封面是蓝色的书。 　　17. This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue. 　　18. 他不说令她生气的话。He said nothing that made her angry. 　　19. 那就是他拒绝在会上发言的理由。That was the reason why/for which he refused to speak at the meeting. =That was the reason which/that he refused to speak for at the meeting. 　　20. 那就是前几天麦克给我的理由。 　　That was the reason that/which Mac gave me. 　　21. 正如我们大家都知道的一样，比尔盖茨创建了微软公司。 　　As is known to us all, Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own. 　　22. 比尔盖茨创建了微软公司是我们大家都知道的。 　　It is known to us all that Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.=That Bill Gates founded his own Microsoft is known to us all. 　　23. 是他那夹杂着乡村音乐，布鲁斯音乐和福音的风格成就了他的名气。你是同谁一起去看的电影? 　　It is his voice, with his country, blues and Gospel styles, that made him famous. Who was it that you went to the movie together with?=With whom was it that you went to the movie together.. 　　24. 他不像是那种把工作留下一半的`那种人。 　　He isn"t such a man as would leave his work half done. 　　25. 我要用与你们工厂里用过相同的那种工具。 　　I prefer to use the same tools as were used in your factory. 　　26. 我丢了一本书，书名我一时记不起来了。 　　I have lost a book whose title escapes me at the moment.=I lost a book,of which the title escapes me at the moment. 　　27. 像你在读的那本小说我不欣赏。 　　I don"t enjoy such a book as you are reading.=I don"t appreciate the same book as you are reading. 　　28. 擦黑板的那一位应该受到表扬 　　The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised.。 　　29. 我在初中度过的那三年我永远不会忘记。 　　I will never forget the three years that I spent in the junior middle school 　　30. 那不是我做事情的方法。 　　That isn"t the way( in which/that) I do it. 　　31. 他们能用不同的方法拼写单词，这是你们发现有趣的方法。 　　They could spell words in different ways which/that you might find interesting.=They could spell words by different means that /which you might find interesting. 　　32. 照现在的样子抄写这个表达词语，不要有任何更改。 　　Copy this expression as it is; don"t make any change. 　　33. 我们将尝试着帮助家长改善他们与孩子交谈的方式。 　　We will try to help parents improve the ways (that/in which) they talk with their children. 　　34. 只有用这种方法才会停止比尔盖茨的快速成功。 　　Only in this way/by this means can Bill Gates" quick success be stopped.=Only in this way/By this means can they stop Bill Gate‘s quick success。 　　35. 这位在救援中左脚受伤的士兵，年仅二十岁。、 　　The soldier whose left foot got wounded during the rescue is only twenty years old. 　　36. 他们破坏法律的方式开始的时候是和平的。 　　At first the ways that/in which they broke the laws were peaceful. 　　简单的定语从句例句 3 　　1、Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 　　2、He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 　　3、They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 　　4、Please pass me the book whose(of which)color is green. 　　5、A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 　　6、By the time you arrived in London,we had stayed there for two weeks. 　　7、My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden. 　　8、This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching. 　　9、He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me. 　　10、The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

同学们，大家知道或者学习了哪些带有定语从句的句子呢？是否会做修改练习题呢？ 带有定语从句的句子模拟精选 1．(沈阳质监一)—When did you first read Mo Yan"s stories? —In 200x ________ I was attending high school. 2．(山东潍坊一模)Life is like an onion, ________ sometimes makes you weep when you try opening it. 3．(江苏苏锡常镇四市调研一)In the fast-moving information age，teenagers should keep pace with the media environment ________ they communicate with the outside world. 4．(陕西宝鸡质检二)Officials of our city are considering a law ________ would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 5．(山东潍坊联考)Mo Yan，most of ________ novels have been adapted for films，is now a world-famous writer. 6．(山东青岛质检)The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing. 7．(北京东城统一检测)Most of my friends shop at the stores ________ the goods are very cheap. 8．(成都二诊)The school library is a resource ________ you can take advantage to make progress. 9．(北京海淀期末练习)This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of. 10．(福州质量检测)Whether you like it or not，we live in a community ________ online chatting is an important part of communication. 11．(福州毕业班质检)The Voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, ________ some have stood out among them. 12．(陕西质量检测一)The living standard of the people in China, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past decades. 13．(杭州高考科目教学质检)Each graduate standing on the playground, ________ was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster. 14．(合肥第一次质检)The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by the passing car. 15．(浙江名校联盟第一次联考)My grandmother lived in a generation ________ women were looked down upon. 16．(南京一模)—How do you understand life? —It is a constant match ________ the greatest opponent is yourself. 17．(成都第一次诊断)American students take part in a wide variety of after-school activities ________ they develop their social skills. 18．(江西赣州十二县重点中学期中)He is such a lazy man ________ nobody wants to work with. 19．(济南高考模拟)Salina wants to find a job ________ she can use what she has learned at school. 20．(辽宁锦州期末)Drive-ins have large parking lots ________ customers are served in their cars by waitresses. 答案与解析 1．when 分析句子结构可知，200X年是先行词，在定语从句中充当的是时间状语，故用关系副词when 引导。 2．which 句意：生活就像一个洋葱，当你尝试着剥开它时，它有时候会让你流泪。which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词an onion，在从句中做主语。 3．where/in which 此处为定语从句，先行词为the media environment，在从句中做地点状语。 4．that/which 此处为定语从句，修饰先行词a law; 因先行词指物，且关系词在从句中充当主语，所以用that 或 which 引导该定语从句。 5．whose 分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。先行词指人，且关系词在从句中做novels 的定语，因此用whose 引导该定语从句。 6．which 句意：结果与他们当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。这里用which 引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词which 指代空前的整句内容并在从句中做主语。 7．where/in which 根据句子结构判断，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the stores, 且空处在从句中做状语，表示地点，所以要用where/in which。 8．of which 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，take advantage of 表示“利用”，根据该搭配可知，应填of which。 9．that/which 句意：这家餐馆有一种诱人的、如家一般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。这里需要用关系代词引导定语从句，且指物并在从句中做宾语，因此填that 或which。 10．where/in which 句意：不管你是否喜欢，在我们生活的这个社会，网上聊天是人际交流的一个重要部分。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a community，并在从句中做地点状语，因此用where/in which 引导。 11．where/on which 句意：《中国好声音》为有音乐天赋的年轻人建立了一个大舞台。在这个舞台上，一些人从中脱颖而出。分析句子成分可知，“________ some have stood out among them”是定语从句，修饰先行词stage，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where 引导，相当于on which。 12．as 句意：正如报告所显示的，中国人民的生活水平在过去的几十年里得到了改善。这里用as 引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词as 指代主句的内容并在从句中做主语。 13．who 句意：每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发文凭。这里需要用关系代词引导定语从句，并在从句中做主语，指人，故用who 引导。 14．whose 句意：这位母亲一次又一次地感谢这个年轻人，如果没有他的帮助，她的儿子就被过往的汽车撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此处应用whose 修饰名词help，引导非限制性定语从句。 15．when/in which 句意：我的祖母生活在一个妇女被看不起的时代。此处用when 引导定语从句，修饰先行词generation, 在从句中做时间状语，相当于in which。 16．where/in which 句意：——你如何理解生活？——它是一场没有尽头的比赛，在这个比赛中最大的对手是你自己。根据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是a constant match, 空处在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where 引导，相当于in which。 17．where/in which 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities，且空处在从句中做地点状语，所以用where 引导，相当于in which。 18．as 句意：他是个如此懒惰的人，以至于没有人想和他一起工作。such...that... 引导结果状语从句，that 只起连接作用，从句中不缺少成分。such...as... 中as 引导限制性定语从句，as 为关系代词，在从句中做主语、宾语等。 19．where/in which 句意：Salina 想找一份能用上她在学校学的知识的工作。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a job 并在定语从句中做地点状语，因此该空可填in which 或 where。 20．where 句意：“免下车”餐厅有很大的停车场，顾客可以在自己的汽车里接受女侍者的服务。large parking lots 是地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。 带有定语从句的句子创新预测 1．With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in ________ village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. 2．He didn"t keep his word, ________ made me upset. 3．Mr. Luke, in ________ supermarket we bought an iPad last week, will give us a report on how to choose a career this evening. 4．Tango is a passionate dance, ________ brings the dancers together in a way that words can"t express. 5．The real-name policy for train tickets has been applied to all trains since January 1,201X in China, ________ will make it easy for people to get tickets. 6．—Where did you see the movie Life of Pi directed by Ang Lee? —It was in the cinema ________ I regularly go. 7．What do you think of the reason ________ he gave at the meeting yesterday? 8．London successfully held the Olympic Games opening ceremony in 201X, ________ is really impressive and beyond people"s imagination. 9．________ is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected with family life education. 10．Eleven people got killed in the accident, ________ the identities haven"t been available. 11．His younger sister may already be in high school now, in ________ case this picture book is too childish for her. 12．My daughter, ________ job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot. 13．Amanda hopes to live a simple life ________ she can just enjoy her activities rather than rushing to meet the dealine. 14．There are a couple of art galleries in the city ________ exhibitions are worth visiting. 15．________ is often the case, he comes to life when it comes to playing football. 16．Living in the mountain area has its problems, of ________ obtaining water is a big one. 17．Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer complaints have led to changes in the law. 18．Few people would take an active part in a society ________ culture is so different from their own. 19．China"s population is expected to increase to about 1.5 billion in 2040, after ________ it will start to decline slowly. 20．I have been looking forward to the day, ________ I am admitted to a key university. 答案与解析 1．whose 句意：随着农业的快速发展，在她10年前教书的村子里，人们一直过着幸福的生活。in whose village＝in people"s village, 关系词在从句中作定语，所以填whose。 2．which which 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。 3．whose 句意：上周我们在他的超市里购买iPad 的那个Luke 先生今天晚上要给我们作关于择业的讲座。关系词在从句中作定语修饰supermarket，用whose。 4．which 句意：探戈是一种热情奔放的舞蹈，它以一种难以用语言表达的方式把跳舞者聚在一起。先行词是dance，从句为非限制性定语从句，且关系词作主语，用which。 5．which 句意：从20XX年1月1日以来，在中国实名制购买火车票制度已应用到了所有的火车上，这将会让人们买票变得容易。根据语境可知此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语且指代前面整个主句所表达的内容，故应该用关系代词which。 6．where/to which 句意：——你是在哪儿看的"李安导演的电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》的？——就是在我常去的那家电影院。定语从句中不缺主语也不缺宾语，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，要用关系副词where 或 to which。 7．that/which 句意：你认为他在昨天的会上给出的那个理由怎么样？定语从句修饰的先行词是the reason，关系词在从句中作宾语，应该用关系代词that/which。 8．which 句意：伦敦成功举办了20XX年奥林匹克运动会的开幕式，给人们留下了深刻的印象，超出了人们的想象。考查which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which 在从句中作主语。 9．As 句意：正如报告中所表明的那样，青少年问题经常和家庭生活教育有关。as 引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，而且可以意为“正如”。 10．of whom 句意：在这次事故中，11人死亡，他们的身份还没有被确定。of whom the identities＝whose identities 指“死者的身份”。 11．which 句意：他妹妹现在可能已经上高中了，这样的话，这本图画书对她来说就太幼稚了。in which case...＝and in this/that case...。 12．whose 句意：我的女儿总不在家，因为她的工作需要经常出差。关系词在从句中作定语，所以填whose。 13．where 句意；Amanda 希望过简单的生活，在这样的生活里她可以只做自己喜欢的事情不是忙着赶工期。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 14．whose 句意：在这座城市里有几个美术馆，其中的展品值得观看。因为关系词在从句中作定语，所以填whose。 15．As as is often the case 意为“情况常常如此”，为定语从句的特殊句式，需牢记。 16．which 先行词为物，定语从句用介词＋which 引导。 17．where 先行词为 cases，定语从句中缺状语，故用 where 引导。 18．whose whose 引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。 19．which 先行词为物，定语从句用介词＋which 引导。 20．when 先行词为时间名词，定语从句中缺状语，故用 when 引导。

1 which is used to produce paper2 where the French king and the queen to live in3 who come from different countries4 where there are many high mountains to ski5 turned out,which we couldn"t except6 where you can buy, which are7 which are buried under ground8 which we spent in the university9 which was organized by the students10 that you cannot understand,which will make you lose your interest11 which made his teachers and classmates surprised12 where we lived in 13 living, where he spent his childhood14 the sports meeting which is held15 that she saw and heard in Austrilia

什么是“定语从句”……这不是中文吗？英文里面怎么可能有中文啊？ 语法不对啊！

关键是从句中我根本没看到which，你想问的可能不是很清楚吧

when。从句不缺主要成分，用关系副词，先行词是phase，所以定语从句中先行词用when。定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），一个句子跟在一个名词或代词（先行词）后进行修饰限定（对词句进行补充、修饰、限定，进而使原句内容更完整），就叫做定语从句。

Anytime是物，表示时间。后面可以用when 来引导定语从句。

理解句意，看in是修饰什么的，in后面接地点，那就是状语，后面是名词就是定语。

没区别，都可用

定语从句中的the way前面没有介词in，简单一点说，就是直接把它作为一个关系词来用了。

你的问题我没太理解，如果有用你就将就着看吧。对于你给的句子，两句都有表语，分别是“a live fish” “still alive”，只不过这是几个词一起构成表语。表语很好找，只要先找到“系动词”，它后面的东东即表语。“系动词”有很多，我个人觉得常用的有“be, keep（保持）, get(变得), 感官动词（feel, sound, smell。。。）”等等。“表语”这个位置通常有名词 形容词 副词 介词 不定式 从句等。举几个例子吧：You look beautiful.I"m a teacher.They are at home.I feel excited.The steak smells great.I keep calm.She gets angry.My job is to teach them English.“定语”就是起修饰作用的词，可以修饰名词或代词。因此 形容词 经常充当定语。对于这两句话，只有第一句有定语，即“live(活的)”；第二句的句型是“主 系 表”，没有定语。举几个例子吧：The beautiful girl is my classmate.I like the blue T-shirt.What"s your name?个人有点建议，对于句子成分，即“主语 谓语 宾语 表语 状语 定语 补语”这些东西，能找出，即可，没必要过于拘泥于此。对这些成分的理解及识别，是为了今后牵扯到从句或长句时，分解各部分，提取句子主干，快速理解文章，提高写作等等希望对你有帮助

1. 先行词指物时，用关系代词that／which在从句中作主语或宾语。 如：He bought a coat that／which cost little． 他买了一件便宜上衣。（作主语） The car which ／ that he bought yesterday is a secondhand one． 他昨天买的车是个二手货。（作宾语） 2. 先行词指人时，用关系代词that／who在从句中作主语或宾语（在口语中，代替whom）。 如：The man who ／ that gave a speech on TV is the president． 昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统。（作主语） This is the strange man that／who／whom I met yesterday． 这就是我昨天碰到的那个怪人。（作宾语） 3.whose在从句中作定语，既可指人，作“某（些）人的”解；也可指物，作“某（些）物的”解。 如：This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake． 这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。 We live in a house whose windows open to the south． 我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。 理清上述关系还能帮助我们判断定语从句谓语动词的单复数。 又如：He is one of the students who work hard． 他是学习努力的学生之一。（who指先行词the students） He is the only one of the students who goes abroad． 他是学生中唯一出国的。（who指先行词the only one） 二、记清多用关系代词that的几种情况。 1.先行词为all， everything， nothing， something， anything， little， few， much等不定代词时。 如：There is little that I can use． 几乎没有什么我能用的了。 2.先行词被all， each， few， much， every， no， some， any等不定代词修饰时。 如：All the books that you need are here． 你所需要的书都在这儿。 3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 如：This is the first composition that he has written in English． 这是他用英语写的第一篇作文。 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 如：He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited． 他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。 5.主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。 如：Who is the man that is speaking over there？ 在那里说话的人是谁？ 6.先行词被the only，the very， the last等修饰时。 如：This is the very gun that I am looking for． 这正是我在找的枪。 7.关系代词在从句中作表语时。 如：He is not the young man that he was thirty years ago． 他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。 关系副词where, when和why 同学们对定语从句已经有了初步的认识。我们已学了关系代词who， whom， whose， which和that的用法，这里就说说关系副词where， when和why引导定语从句时的语义特点和用法特点。 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 一、 副词where引导的定语从句 1. 当先行词是表示地点的名词，如place， room， mountain， airport等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词where引导。 例如：The two lost boys happened to come into a cave where they discovered some very valuable prehistorical rock paintings by chance． 那两个迷路的男孩碰巧进入了一个山洞，在那里他们意外地发现了一些非常有价值的史前岩画。 在上述例句中，where代表in the cave，作地点状语。 2. 通常，引导定语从句的where大都可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式。例如：The American soldiers rushed into the President Mansion where ／ in which they found those gold bars．美国士兵冲进总统官邸，在那里他们发现了那些金条。 3.当表示地点的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不是用where。 试比较： The Yangtze Gorges is a beautiful place (that ／ which) people all over the world look forward to visiting． 长江三峡是个美丽的地方，全世界的人都渴望来参观。 The Yangtze River is our mother river where the Chinese people have created the brilliant Chinese civilization． 长江是我们的母亲河，中华民族在那里创造了灿烂的华夏文明。 在第一句的定语从句中，visiting是一个及物动词，必须带宾语，而关系副词where不能作宾语，所以只能用which或that引导，而且二者可以省略；在第二句的定语从句中，不缺主语、宾语、表语，所以用where作状语。 二、 系副词when引导的定语从句 1.当先行词是表示时间的名词，如time， day， year， month， week等，同时又在从句中作状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词when引导。 例如：Galileo lived at a time when the human spirit was waking after a thousand years of sleep． 伽利略生活的时代是人类灵魂经过了千年沉睡之后正在苏醒的时代。 2.与where一样，引导定语从句的when也可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式。 例如： All the Chinese， at home and abroad， will forever remember the date when ／ on which the Red Five-star Flag was raised in Hong Kong． 海内外的所有华人都不会忘记五星红旗在香港的土地上升起时的日子。 3.当先行词为the time， the moment， the day， the minute等时，关系副词when可以省略，也可以用that引导。 例如：The moment (that ／ when) I turned round， she had left and disappeared in the crowd． 当我转过身来时，她已经离开并消失在人群中了。 Do you still remember the day we got to know each other？ 你还记得我们彼此相识的那一天吗？ 这时的定语从句（省略了when或that），实际上已经是一个时间状语从句了。 4.当表示时间的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不是用when。 例如： The film reminded me of those miserable days (that ／ which) I spent in my childhood． 这部电影使我想起了我童年时代度过的那些苦难日子。 三、 关系副词why引导的定语从句 1.当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，定语从句需要用关系副词why引导，此时的定语从句说明先行词的内容。 例如：Do you know the reason why there are heat losses in a steam engine？ 你知道蒸汽机中存在热损耗的原因吗？ 2.我们也可以用for which来替代why。 例如：The reason why ／ for which you failed， I think， was that you had turned a deaf ear to your mother"s advice． 我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。 注意：在“the reason why sb． does sth． is that从句”的结构中，that不能换成because。 定语从句错误分析 初学定语从句时，同学们易犯的错误归纳起来有语义重复、主谓不一致及引导词的误用等。同学们可以先试着找出下列这些句子中的错误并加以改正，然后参阅题后的分析。 1． The woman which was interviewed on CCTV last night was the late US President Nixon"s daughter． 分析 定语从句的引导词有两大类：一类是关系代词，包括that, which, who, whom和whose。当先行词是指人的名词或代词时，要用who, whom或whose来引导定语从句，并且，它们分别在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；当先行词是指事物的名词或代词时，要用which来引导定语从句；而that既可以指人，又可以指物。另一类是关系副词，常用的有where（表地点），when（表时间）及why（表原因）。本例中的先行词指人，所以应把which改成who或that。 2． The main topic people are often talking about it at present is the construction of the Yangtze Three Gorges Dam． 分析 the main topic是先行词，people are ．．． about it at present是定语从句，其中关系代词that或which在句中作介词about的宾语，被省略了。所以it是重复的成分，应该去掉。初学者很容易犯语意重复的错误，应当十分注意。 3． God bless this ship and all that sails in her！ 分析 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词应与先行词的数保持一致。本例先行词是一个表复数概念的代词all，所以定语从句的谓语动词sails应该用复数，即sail。句意是：上帝保佑这条船和所有乘船的人吧！关于主谓一致，有一个特例值得注意。见第4例。 4． Franklin D． Roosevelt was the only one of the US presidents that were in office for 4 terms． 分析 当先行词是“the only one of the＋复数名词”时，定语从句的谓语动词要与one保持一致，用单数当先行词是“one of the ＋复数名词”时，定语从句的谓语动词要与复数名词保持一致，用复数。 例如：The Great Wall is one of the man-made constructions that have been seen from space． 5． The speed at that the rocket can escape from the earth is 11.2 kilometers per second． 分析 当介词提前时，不能用关系代词that或who引导定语从句，而应该用which或whom。这儿的先行词speed是表事物的名词，所以应该把that改成which，而且不能省略（因为直接在介词后）。句意是：火箭的逃逸速度是每秒11.2公里。 6． This is a new type of airplane, which parts are all made at home． 分析 不管先行词是指人还是物，关系代词在从句中作定语时，都必须用whose；但是指物时，还可以用“the ＋名词＋of which”的形式表示。故本例可改成：This is a new type of airplane, whose parts are all made at home．或者This is a new type of airplane, the parts of which are all made at home． 7． Anything which exists in the universe has its two sides． 分析 当先行词是表事物的不定代词，如all,everything,anything．．．时,关系代词要用that，而不用which，故本句要把关系代词which 改为that。 8． Whatever Saddam did couldn"t change US mind to attack Iraq, that we had expected． 分析 that 不能用来引导非限定性定语从句。本定语从句的先行词是一个先行句，即前面整个句子，所以本从句中的关系代词that必须改为which。当然也可以用when, where, who（m）等引导非限定性定语从句，而且不可省略，whom也不能用who代替。 例如：Mr. Robert, whom I"ll invite to my new house, is a famous lawyer of our city． 9.Recently I have been reading a good book, it was about the relationship between man and nature． 分析 该句中前后两句之间为逗号，且无连接词，故后一句应是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词book,所以it应改为which。 定语从句是历年高考试题的考查热点之一，下面就定语从句应特别注意的几个问题加以举例分析： Ⅰ．关系代词which 例1． The Greens will move into the new house next Monday, ＿＿＿＿＿it will be completely finished． A． by the time B． by which time C． that D． which 例2． Water boils at 100℃, ＿＿＿＿＿it changes to gas． A． at which temperature B． at which C． by which temperature D． by which 析：which 引导定语从句时，在从句中除了作主语或宾语外，还可以作定语修饰名词，常用于“介词＋which＋名词”结构中，相当于“and＋介词＋this／that＋名词”。所以例1选B；例2选A。 Ⅱ．关系副词when 例1． Could you suggest a time ＿＿＿＿＿it would fit you to visit us and try out the machine？ 例2． Think of a time ＿＿＿＿＿you were happiest．(Senior3,L93) 例3． There was a time ＿＿＿＿＿all scientists were willing to share their results．（Senior3,L3） A． that B． when C． which D． where 析：当先行词为a time(一段时间)时，引导定语从句的关系词常用when，而不采用that，故以上例题均选B。在我们课本中类似的句子还有：①This was at a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema．(Senior2,L70) ②It"s about a time when there were black slaves in North America．(Senior1,L53) Ⅲ．关系代词but 例：There is no one ＿＿＿＿＿wishes peace． A． who B． but C． that D． whom 析：本题句意为“没有人不希望和平。”but作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。but相当于who ／ that don"t ／ doesn"t，but本身含有否定意义。故本题选B。 Ⅳ．定语从句与强调句及其他从句的混合 例1． It was in the small house ＿＿＿＿was built with stones by his father ＿＿＿＿he spent his childhood． A． which that B． that where C． which which D． where that 析：分析句子结构可知，本句的主句为强调句型，第一空应由关系代词引导定语从句修饰先行词house。故本题选A。 例2． The meeting was put off, ＿＿＿＿was exactly ＿＿＿＿we wanted． A． whichwhich B． as that C． whichwhat D． it that 析：由题意可知，第一空应由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，第二空应由what引导表语从句。故本题选C。 练习： 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Don"t call between 12 o"clock and 1 o"clock, ＿＿＿＿＿I am usually having lunch． A． at which B． during which time C． by which time D． by which 2. The song is so popular ＿＿＿＿＿ there is no one in our class ＿＿＿＿＿likes it． A． that who B． that but C． which who D． which but 3.It is such a good place ＿＿＿＿＿ everybody wants to visit ＿＿＿＿ it is well-known all over the world． A． which that B． as as C． as that D． that as 4． We are living in an age ＿＿＿＿many things are done on computer．(北京2003春) A．which B．that C．whose D．when Key:1－4BBCD 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句之间常用逗号隔开，它与主句的关系不十分密切，只对先行词作补充或附加说明，如省略，也不影响主句意思的表达。如：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses．上述例子作如下改动，句子意思仍然完整： Water has many uses． 一、 关于引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，须注意以下三点： 1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词在指物时，只能用which，而不能用that；关系代词which既可指代先行词，也可指代前面整个句子的内容。 如：He lives in Weifang, which is only an hour"s ride from here． (关系代词 which 在定语从句中作主语，指代主句中的 Weifang。) I have lost my pen, which I like very much． (关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语，指代主句中的pen。) New Concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us． (关系代词which 在定语从句中作主语，指代整个主句的内容。) 2.关系代词 which 和as 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：as 有“正如……” 、“就像……” 的意思， 而which没有；as 引导非限制性定语从句时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，可以放在主句之前或之后；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。 如：As is known to all, he is the best student in our class． (as 指代整个主句，在定语从句中作主语。) He opposed the idea, as could be expected． (as指代整个主句，在定语从句中作主语。) 常用的这种句式有：as we all know, as is known to all, as is said above, as is already mentioned above, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等。 3.在非限制性定语从句中，修饰人并在从句中作主语时用关系代词who, 作宾语时用关系代词whom。 如：Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook． She is like Miss Carter, whom I used to meet in Boston． 二、 在下列情况下必须使用非限制性定语从句 1.当先行词为专有名词或球类、疾病、学科等独一无二的事物时。 如： He caught SARS, which threatened people a lot． They will fly to Paris, where they plan to stay two or three days． Football, which is now played in over 100 countries, is the most popular game in the world． 2.当主句内容完整，先行词意义明确时。 如：His house, which was finished only a month ago, was burnt down to the ground last night． We will put off the outing until next week, when we won"t be so busy． 3.当定语从句修饰整个主句时。 如：They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them． They moved the fallen tree, which took them a long time． 4.当定语从句修饰主句中的一部分时。 如：She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was． 5.当定语从句由“代词／数词／名词／形容词比较级、最高级等＋of ＋which／whom”引导时。 如：China has hundreds of islands off its southeast coast, the largest of which is Taiwan． Chaplin directed a large number of films, most of which were silent． 一、 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句，顾名思义，是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或事、物。例如：A man who doesn"t want to learn from others can"t achieve much． 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 A man被限定后，指一类特定的人。 限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之 间通常必须有逗号隔开。 例如：Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam， which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present． 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。 本句若去掉定语从句，主句部分的含义仍然完整。历年的高考题中，非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一，因此值得我们注意。 二、 引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。 例如：That Peter will marry Alice， which has not been announced yet， has spread around． 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。 句子中的which指代“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这件事。 三、 除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。 例如：After graduation， I decided to stay in Chongqing， where I spent my childhood and four years of college life． 毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。 Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II， when Jews were badly treated in Germany． 第二次世界大战期间，爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国，那时犹太人在德国受到极大的歧视。 注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 四、 在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。 试比较：The American journalist (whom ／ who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters． 播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。 He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother， whom he loved and respected as his own mother． 他急于想去医院看望他的继母，他像对亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬她。 巩固练习（多数为历年高考题）：从A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1． She heard the terrible noise， ＿＿＿＿＿ brought her heart into her mouth． A． it B． which C． this D． that 2.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play， ＿＿＿＿， of course， made the others unhappy． A． who B． which C． this D． what 3. The weather turned out to be very good，＿＿＿＿ was more than we could expect． A． what B． which C． that D． it 4.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，＿＿＿＿ was very reasonable． A． which price B． the price of which B． its price D． the price of whose 5.The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital， ＿＿＿＿ she spent her19th birthday． A． that B． which C． where D． and（答案bbbc）

　　定语从句重难点 　　1. 做定语从句试题的基本方法 　　In fact the man didn"t understand the three questions ______ were asked in French. 　　A. where　　　　　　　　　B. who　　　　　　　　　　 C. in which　　　　　　　D. which 　　此题应选 D。从句子成分看, 修饰 questions 的定语从句缺主语, 所以不能选 A(where), C(inwhich)。又因为这里的先行词(questions)是指事不是指人, 所以只能选D(which)不能选B(who)。 　　考生在做定语从句试题时, 大体上要分清以下几点： 　　1. 是定语从句还是其它从句( 从句意和句法 功能等方面去考虑)。 　　2. 是用关系代词还是关系副词。关系代词和关系副词的选择主要看关系词在句中的句法 功能。一般说来, 关系代词(that, which, who, whom 等)主要用作主语和宾语;关系副词(when, where, why)主要用作状语;作定语时用whose。 　　3. 受定语从句修饰的先行词是指人(who, whom, that) 还是指物(that, which);是作主语(who, that, which)还是作宾语(which, whom, who)等。 　　4. 关系代词可否省略(在通常情况下, 只有限制性定语从句中用作宾语的关系代词才能省略)。 　　5. 是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句 (关系代词that以及关系副词why等均不能引导非限制性定语从句)。 　　6. 在“介词+which”结构中, 介词的正确选择(主要看相关名词和动词的习惯搭配)。 　　2. 能用what引导定语从句吗 　　He told me all ______ he had seen there. 　　A. that　　　　　　　　　　 B. which　　　　　　　　　 C. what　　　　　　　　　　D. when 　　此题应选A。容易误选C。这里的B(which), D(when)比较好排除。 　　选项B错, 因为当先行词为不定代词 all, little, much等时, 要用关系代词 that, 不用which。 　　选项D错, 因为它是关系副词, 只能在定语从句中作状语, 而这里的定语从句缺宾语(即seen缺宾语), 所以不能选D。 　　至于选项C(what), 是考生最容易出错的, 这是因为考生在平时的阅读中, 经常可以见到类似这样的句子： 　　He told me all he had seen there. 　　He told me what he had seen there. 　　由于没有完全理解, 结果将以上两类句型混在一起。 　　选项C错的原因在于what不是关系词, 所以它不能引导定语从句。但值得注意的是：what有时相当于“名词(先行词)+关系代词”： 　　他把一切都给了我。 　　正：He gave me what he had. 　　正：He gave me everything that he had. 　　这就是你要的东西。 　　正：This is what you want. 　　正：This is the thing that you want. 　　以上实例告诉我们, what 有时相当于“先行词+关系代词”, 同时这也告诉我们, 这样用的 what 前不能再有先行词(即：what不能引导定语从句)。 　　3. 不要一见到时间或地点名词就用where, when 　　a. I will never forget the days ______ I lived in the country. 　　b. I will never forget the days ______ I spent in the country. 　　A. that, that　　　　　　 B. when, when　　　　 C. that, when　　　　　 D. when, that 　　此题应选D。容易误选B。考生往往错误地认为, 时间或地点名词后的定语从句就一定要用关系副词when或where 来引导。注意在选择关系副词when 时, 考生要明确两个问题：一是先行词是否是指时间或地点的.名词, 二是when, where在定语从句中是否用作状语。 　　a句中的定语从句主语和宾语齐全, 所以可用表时间的状语(when), 而b句中的定语从句, 显然 spent缺宾语, 所以选关系代词that。 　　考生从以上分析中应明确这样一点：选择关系词时一定要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分。尤其是当先行词为表时间或地点的名词时, 千万不要想当然地认为一定要用关系副词when和where来引导定语从句。再如： 　　1. a. This is the school ____ I studied last year. 　　b. This is the school ____ I visited last year. 　　A. that, that　　　　　　　 B. where, where 　　C. that, where　　　　　 D. where, that 　　2. a. I still remember the time ____ he was born. 　　b. I still remember the time ____ he told me. 　　A. that, that　　　　　　　 B. when, when 　　C. that, when　　　　　　D. when, that 　　答案：1. D 2. D 　　4. that与which 　　a. Those are the very words ______ he used. 　　b. This is the question about ______ we"ve had so much discussion. 　　A. that, that　　　　　　 B. which, which　　　　C. that, which　　　　　D. which, that 　　此题应选C。关于先行词是指物的名词时, 其定语从句是用that还是用which来引导, 情况比较复杂：在通常情况下, 两者有时可换用;但有时只用which(主要是引导非限制性定语从句和直接放在介词后作宾语);而有时则只用that 而不用which, 主要有以下情况： 　　1. 先行词是下列不定代词或受其修饰时 all, much, few, little, none, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing)等： 　　All [Everything] that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必须做。 　　2. 先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时： 　　This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。 　　3. 先行词有最高级或序数词(包括last, next)等修饰时： 　　This is the best dictionary that I"ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。 　　4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时： 　　China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。 　　5. 先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时： 　　We talked about the persons and things that most impressed us. 他们谈论了我们印象最深的人和事。 　　5. who 与 that 　　Who ______ has seen him do not like him? 　　A. that　　　　　　　　　　 B. who　　　　　　　　　　 C. he　　　　　　　　　　　 D. she 　　此题应选A。其余几项均有可能被选。当先行词指人时, 引导定语从句是用who还是用that, 主要应注意以下几点： 　　1. 在通常情况下, 两者常可换用。 　　2. 在下列情况, 两者都可用, 但用that比who更常见： 　　(1) 先行词是all, nobody, no one, someone, anyone等时： 　　All that heard him were delighted. 所有听了他讲 话的人都很高兴。 　　Have you met anybody that has been to Paris? 你 遇见过去过巴黎的人吗? 　　(2) 先行词受序数词, 最高级以及only, same等修饰时： 　　He"s the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们中间唯一懂法语的人。 　　3. 在下列情况通常只用that： 　　(1) 当先行词是一既指人又指物的并列词组时： 　　He made a speech on the men and things that he"d 　　seen abroad. 他就在国外见到的人和事作了报告。 　　(2) 当先行词是who时： 　　Who that has sympathy can laugh on that occasion? 　　有同情心的人谁会在那个时候发笑呢? 　　(3) 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时： 　　Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。 　　6. 是非限制性定语从句还是并列句 　　—He wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ were popular. 　　—It"s the same with his wife. She wrote some plays, but none of ______ was a success. 　　A. these, them　　　　 B. which, which　　　　C. those, which　　　　D. which, them 　　此题应选 D。很容易误选A, B。选对该题的关键是：要注意前面一句的 none of...没有并列连词(说明它才是非限制性定语从句, 所以其后填which), 而后面一句的none of...前有一并列连词but(说明它与前面一句构成并列句, 所以其后填them)。请做以下类似题(注意and, but等的有无)： 　　1. a. He has two sons, but neither of ___is clever. 　　b. He has two sons, neither of ____ is clever. 　　A. them, them　　　　　 B. whom, whom 　　C. them, whom　　　　 D. whom, them 　　2. a. Mr Smith made a lot of money, most of____ was spent helping the poor. 　　b. Mr Smith made a lot of money, and most of____ was spent helping the poor. 　　A. it, it　　　　　　　　　　　B. which, which　　　　C. it, which　　　　　　　 D. which, it 　　类似地, 以下一题也与but, and这类词的有无相关： 　　3. ____many times, but he still couldn"t remember. 　　A. Having been told　　B. Being told 　　C. Having told　　　　　 D. He was told 　　答案：1. C 2. D 3. D 　　7. 你会用关系代词as吗 　　Don"t make friends with such young men ______ don"t work hard. 　　A. that　　　　　　　　　　 B. as　　　　　　　　　　　　C. who　　　　　　　　　　 D. they 　　此题应选B。容易误选A, C。句中的as是关系代词, 句意为：不要跟工作不努力的人交朋友。此句也可换成： 　　正：Don"t make friends with young men who [that] don"t work hard. 　　正：Don"t make friends with those young men who [that] don"t work hard. 　　as用作关系代词(用作主语或宾语), 主要用法如下： 　　1. 用在such, same, as等之后, 引导限制性定语从句： 　　Don"t talk about such things as you don"t under-stant. 不要谈你不懂的东西。 　　Such men as (= Those men who) heard him praisedhim. 听过他谈话的人都称赞他。 　　I told him the same story as you told me. 我给他讲的故事与你给我讲的故事一样。 　　2. 单独用作关系代词, 引导非限制性定语从句, 可放在主句之前(常译为“正如”)或之后(常译为“这一点”)： 　　As has been said before, grammar is not a set ofdead rules. 正如前面所说, 语法不是一套死规则。 　　He was a foreigner, as (=which) I knew from hisaccent. 他是个外国人, 这从他的口音可以得知。 　　If he comes late, as is usual, for another time, wewill not receive him. 如果他再像以往那样迟到, 我们就不接待他了。 　　8. the way后可接how引导的定语从句吗 　　That is ______ the boy spoke to the teacher. 　　A. how　　　　　　　　　　 B. the way how　　　　 C. that　　　　　　　　　　 D. which 　　此题应选 A。容易误选B。误认为the way(表方式)后应接how引导的定语从句(因为how可用来表方式)。 　　其实考生只要回忆一下我们学过的关系副词便知道：在现代英语中关系副词只有when(表时间), where(表地点), why(表原因)等几个, 根本没有how这个关系副词, 所以它自然就不能引导定语从句。要表示类似本题的意思, 可用以下句型： 　　那就是他说话的样子。 　　正：That"s how he spoke. (表语从句) 　　正：That"s the way he spoke. 　　正：That"s the way (that) he spoke. 　　正：That"s the way (in which) he spoke. 　　误：That"s the way how he spoke. 　　我不喜欢他那样笑她。 　　正：I don"t like the way he laughs at her. 　　正：I don"t like the way(that) he laughs at her. 　　正：I don"t like the way (in which) he laughs at her. 　　误：I don"t like the way how he laughs at her. 　　他同我们说话的方式值得怀疑。 　　正：The way he spoke to us was suspicious. 　　正：The way (that) he spoke to us was suspicious. 　　正：The way (in which) he spoke to us was suspicious. 　　误：The way how he spoke to us was suspicious. 　　9. whose可以指物吗 　　I saw some trees ______ leaves were black with disease. 　　A. its　　　　　　　　　　　 B. whose　　　　　　　　　C. his　　　　　　　　　　　 D. the 　　此题应选B。容易误选A。许多考生认为, 关系代词whose和who, whom一样, 只能指人, 不能指物。 　　事实上, 用作关系代词的 whose 与 who, whom不一样, 它不仅可以指人也可以指物(用作定语)： 　　There are some students whose questions I can"tanswer. 有些学生的问题我不能回答。 　　Can you see the mountain whose top is coveredwith snow? 你看得见山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山吗? 　　Here is a word whose meaning escapes me. 这里有一个词, 我一下想不起它是什么意思了。 　　当先行词为物时, 其后引导定语从句的 whose+n. 也可换成 the+n. +of which / ofwhich+the+n. ： 　　窗户破了的那座房子是空的。 　　正：The house whose windows are broken is empty. 　　正：The house the windows of which are broken is empty. 　　正：The house of which the windows are broken is empty. 　　但是如果 whose所修饰的名词中心词之前有数词或其它限定词, 则不用 whose, 而用of which： 　　There I saw a large talbe, two legs of which were broken. 在那里我看见有一张大桌子, 其中有两条腿断了。 　　10. 不要在定语从句使用与关系代词同义的人称代词 　　—This is the book that I have read ______ dozens of times. 　　—But I have never read ______. 　　A. it, ×　　　　　　　　　　 B. ×, it　　　　　　　　　　 C. it, it　　　　　　　　　　 D. ×, × 　　此题应选B。容易误选C。本题第二句填代词it, 这容易理解。而第一句不能填 it, 则是考生很容易忽视的。显然第一句中的 that I have read dozens of times 是修饰 thebook 的定语从句, 此句中的动词read不能再接用 it作宾语, 因为它已有宾语that(也可省略)。 　　在做有关定语从句的试题时, 考生千万不要在定语从句中重复使用与关系词(或先行词)指代相同的人称代词： 　　我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。 　　误：The film we saw it last night was wonderful. 　　正：The film we saw last night was wonderful. 　　刚才同你讲话的那个人是谁? 　　误：Who"s the man you just talked to him? 　　正：Who"s the man you just talked to? 　　你昨天借给我的书很有趣。 　　误：The book you lent it me yesterday was very interesting. 　　正：The book you lent me yesterday was very interesting. 　　他就是去年死了妻子的那个人。 　　误：He is the man whose his wife died last year. 　　正：He is the man whose wife died last year. 　　11. 要分清是定语从句还是其它从句 　　—Is this room ______ he lived in last year? 　　—Is this the room ______ he lived in last year? 　　A. that, that　　　　　　 B. the one, the one　C. that, the one　　　 D. the one, that 　　此题应选D。容易误选A。为了便于分析, 我们先将以上两句还原成陈述句(注意is的位置)： 　　(1) This room is _____ he lived in last year. 　　(2) This is the room ____he lived in last year. 　　第1)句填the one, 用作表语, 其后的 (that) he livedin last year是用以修饰the one 的定语从句。此句若直接填that, 则不是定语从句(因为没有先行词), 而是表语从句。 　　但是由于引导表语从句的that不能充当句了成分, 而其后的介词in又缺宾语, 所以导致错误。 　　第2)句填 that, 它是关系代词, 用以引导定语从句(he lived in last year)修饰the room。 　　请做以下类例试题： 　　(1) —Is this the book _____ you want to buy? 　　—Is this book _____ you want to buy? 　　A. that, that　　　　　　　 B. the one, the one 　　C. that, the one　　　　　D. the one, that 　　(2) —Is this room ___ he lived in 5 years ago? 　　—Is this the room ___ he lived in 5 years ago? 　　A. that, that　　　　　　　 B. the one, the one 　　C. that, the one　　　　　D. the one, that 　　答案：1. C 2. D

askedbyhim是过去分词短语，作后置定语修饰question再看看别人怎么说的。

可以是可以。这是“疑问词wh-+不定式”结构做定语的一种特殊用法，是由定语从句演变而来的。但这种用法不太规范，不容易明白。建议楼主还是少用为宜。推荐下面的几种表达法给楼主：Thepoormanhasnohousetolivein./Thepoormanhasnohousewherehecanlive./Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive/Thepoormanhasnohousewhich/thathecanlivein.【俊狼猎英】团队为您解答。请尽快采纳。

gone表示“丢了，没了”，含有一去不复返的意味，在句中可作表语和补语，但不能做定语。如： My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 我的烧已经退了，但还有些咳嗽。 She looked down at her dress and found her necklace gone. 她低头看了一下自己的衣服，发现项链不见了。 lost 表示“丢失”，含有失去后难以回归的意味，在句中可作定语，表语和补语。如： The parents found the lost child at last. 父母亲终于找到了自己丢失的孩子。 His elder brother was lost at sea. 他的哥哥在海里失踪了。 missing表示“失踪了，不见了”，强调某人或某物不在原处，在句中可作定语，表语和补语。如： My Japanese-Chinese dictionary is missing. 我的日汉词典不见了。 The police are trying their best to find the missing school-girl. 警方正在尽力寻找这个失踪的女生。希望采纳

给热供热个人股

我确定一定以及肯定地告诉你，是习惯。。大部分情况下用单数。

初中定语从句说课稿 　　初中有关定语从句的说课稿是怎样的呢？以下是我收集的相关信息，仅供大家阅读参考! 　　初中定语从句说课稿一 　　 一、教材分析 　　本堂课是一堂中考复习课，如果从分析教材来讲，本课话题主要是出现在仁爱英语九年级（下）Unit 5之中，主要讲的是让学生认识定语从句，了解定语从句的结构，并能熟练的运用定语从句。但是对于一堂中考复习课来讲，我觉得应当从中考英语对本课话题的难易度要求以及考点的探究入手。从历年的中考真题来看，对于定语从句的考察主要体现在单选题、完型填空和阅读理解中。当然还有就是从作文之中体现出来。而且我们知道，如今的中考英语，更侧重于在语境之中来考察语法和词汇项目，强化对学生语言运用能力的考察。 　　 二、教学目标 　　根据课程标准和我市中考英语的要求，坚持以学生为本，切实体现素质教育，面向全体学生，立足基础，设置练习注意难易度适中，这堂课是一堂中考复习课，本课设计从英文歌曲导入，在课堂之上，利用简单习题小游戏，设置情景，情景之中学语法，以达到下列教学目标： 　　知识目标：复习和掌握定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的作用和功能，能准确选择定语从句所需的关系代词或关系副词。从知识系统的归纳呈现入手，注重学生基础知识的复习巩固；这堂课又是一堂语法复习课本身具有一定的应试成分。 　　能力目标：能较好地运用定语从句，能正确组织包含定语从句的复合句。注意培养学生运用所学的知识和技能分析、解决问题的能力。 　　德育目标：培养分析问题解决问题的能力，热爱祖国，关心时政，学会竞争和合作，建立自信心和集体荣誉感。 　　情感目标：通过学习调动学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，建立学习英语的成就感和自信心。让他们成为课堂的主角，使学生懂得语法学习无处不在，使学生学在其中，乐在其中，并掌握一些应试技巧。 　　 三、教学重点难点： 　　提高学生对语法复习的兴趣和积极性，较好地掌握定语从句的用法，理解定语从句，运用知识点解题。 　　 四、教学方法 　　《新课程标准》要求教师在教学中要以学生为主体，尝试创新思维，联系社会采用讨论、协作、探究、竞争的教学模式，引导学生灵活运用所学语法知识。采用研究性学习方法，寓教于乐。检验一节课成功与否，不是教师讲了多少，而是以学生的学习效果为评价标准。因此我借助多媒体，结合竞赛形式，力求使枯燥的语法生动趣味化；并且考虑学生英语基础的实际情况，教学过程也要体现素质教育的全体性，因此设计任务循序渐进（如按“词→句→文”递进），由浅入深，由易到难，导引学生参与整个学习过程，获得更佳的学习效果及发展智力，提高思维，观察，注意，记忆，想象，联想等能力。 　　 五、教学过程 　　本堂课主要分为五个步骤：1 创设情景 歌曲导入 　　2 知识呈现 铺设阶梯 　　3要点提醒，操练运用 　　4 直击中考 深入探究 　　5 课后练习 巩固所学 　　第一步：创设情景 歌曲导入 　　我选择了英文歌曲《Lemon Tree》来导入本课的知识，请学生把歌曲最后一句空缺的词填上。I wonder how I wonder why 　　Yesterday you told me "bout the blue blue sky 　　Is just a yellow lemon tree （答案：that, that, that） 　　根据以上所说的2句I like the song whose name is Lemon Tree very much.?all that I can see is just a yellow lemon tree.请学生分析这两个句子中划线部分所出现的语法现象，由此导入到“定语从句”。 简单但动感的FLASH很符合学生的口味，学习兴趣一下被调动起来。重要的是本歌的歌词中含有定语从句，可以于欢快的节奏中导引学生轻松自然地进入语法话题。 　　第二步：知识呈现 铺设阶梯 　　呈现定语从句的定义和结构使学生加深对定语从句的结构和关系代词、关系副词的印象，以便下面的竞赛中更好的发挥。 　　第三步：要点提醒，操练运用 　　为了更好的调动学习积极性，加强学生思维能力、协作竞争能力及强化团体荣誉意识。在本环节中，我采取了竞赛形式，把全班分成二大组，看哪方得分高。竞赛内容分为四部分： 　　第一部分基础语法知识(必答)：以抽签的方式选择本组所答的题，所有的题都是有关定语从句的理论知识填空，包括定语从句中的先行词、关联词、关联词的省略以及各个关联词的区别。使学生加深对定语从句的结构和关系代词、关系副词的印象，以便下面的竞赛中更好的发挥。对学生来说完成本项任务轻松、新鲜、又有一定的竞争，学生兴趣又一次被调动。复习基础理论知识，为以下的实际操练做较好的准备，提高准确率。 　　第二部分合并定语从句。贯彻由易渐难的原则，先从相对简单的题型开练，重点巩固关系代词的选择，并在第一题：The woman is our English teacher. He speaks English very well. →The woman who（that） speaks English very well is our English teacher 　　中点出另外一个知识点：定语从句中谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。鼓舞士气，提高自信心。 　　第三部分辨析正误，并说明原因。这部分主要是帮助学生区分关系代词that 和which的不通用的特殊情况。1.2题是帮助学生辨析只能使用that而不使用which的特例。两个题并不能全部体现只能使用that而不使用which的特殊情况，所以在做完1、2题后全班一起总结，帮助他们将知识系统化。3、4题帮助学生区分只能使用which而不使用that的特殊情况。贯彻由易渐难的原则，简单的关系代词会用后，逐渐进入到关联词使用的特殊情况，是学生更全面的掌握定语从句。 　　第四部分格言英译中（抢答）。有了以上几部分的复习巩固，学生已经掌握了定语从句的`必要知识点，本部分用英文表达几句著名的格言，帮助学生将知识升华。有利于学生知识面的拓展，也为以后写作做积累。 　　第四步 直击中考 深入探究 　　本环节中我精选了历年中考真题，少而精，体现难易度，并巩固本课的定语从句，激起学生英语学习的成就感和自信心。 　　第五步：课后作业，巩固所学 　　写作在中考中占较大的比重，故平时要多加训练，承上所提奥运话题让学生以感想并结合自身实际写短文，进一步锻炼在实际中运用定语从句的能力。而且本次教学活动关于定语 　　从句的任务设计理念是按“词→句→文” 循序渐进，所以写作便是前面部分很好的延续和提高了。 　　 六、 课后反思 　　本堂课由于是公开课，虽然说已经花了大量的时间做了充分的准备，但由于前面的时候有点紧张，本堂课的内容大，以及课时的一些应变做得不够好，尽管说顺利地完成了教学，但是感觉还是没有达到自己预期的效果。比如说平时和学生口语的交流在本节课没有充分的体现出来，互动不够好；速度偏快，没有给学生留下足够的空白时间思考问题；作为重要教学辅助工具的黑板利用不够。从整体上看，本节课将语法复习课揉入情景交际之中，注意语法课的实用性和趣味性的结合，应该说是比较成功的一堂课。日后我将更加注意语法实用性和趣味性的探究，努力上好每种类型的课。谢谢大家！！！ 　　初中定语从句说课稿二 　　 1 教学内容: 　　 2 教材处理: 教材中原来是以音乐为话题开展语言学习的.结合学生的生活实际和兴趣点,设计了"谈论理想中的学校"来替换原有的话题;保留了教材中需要呈现的点:who ,which, that在定语从句中的基本用法以及定语从句的基本概念;将教材中原需要几个课时才能讲解和呈现的语法现象浓缩在一个课时中进行,其他课时则围绕这一语法现象拓展语法学习;教材内容也不再局限于原有教材提供的语言结构和语法现象,而是根据学生的表达需要适当讲解和扩展. 　　 3 教学目标 　　1 语言知识目标 　　(1) 了解定语从句的概念和基本用法 　　(2) 区别并正确使用关系代词who, which, that 　　(3) 了解关系代词与先行词之间的位置关系 　　2 能力目标 　　(1) 能在交际中正确,恰当地使用定语从句. 　　(2) 能灵活,恰当,适度地表达自己的观点 . 　　3 情感目标 　　(1) 激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的探究精神 　　(2) 增进师生了解,校际了解,增强情感交流 　　4 教学重点和难点 　　1 区分which 和who 在定语从句中的基本用法 　　2 了解如何将定语从句插入主句之中 　　3 让学习不同教材,有着不同学习水平和学习进度的学生都能理解本节课的授课内容,并 达 到预定的教学目标. 　　5 教学方式: 任务型教学途径 　　1 任务主题 : 我理想中的学校 　　2 任务链 : 师生相识 --- 介绍师生双方所在学校--- 谈论理想中的学校--- 给校长提建议 　　6 教具 　　1 学生人手一份表格,文字材料 　　2 ppt 文件 　　7 学生情况分析 　　 教学设计 　　 1 设计思路 　　定语从句并不是初中阶段的重点教学内容.对于初中生来说,这一语法现象比较复杂和概念化,不容易理解和准确运用,因此通常被安排在初三,并且只要求学生具有初步的定语从句知识.鉴于以上情况,笔者在教学中尽量采用直观的方式演示不易理解的概念,锻炼学生用英语直接思维,交际和解决问题的能力.笔者贯彻"学中用,用中学"的教学理念,让学生在"谈论熟悉的同学,才谜语"之类的真实语境中尽快融入课堂学习中,理解,归纳和应用有关定语从句的知识.笔者还让学生在完成任务的过程中进一步巩固所学内容.学生通过观看和描述不同学校的图片,与同学商量如何完善给学校的建议,给校长写一封建议信等活动,灵活运用了定语从句.整个教学过程扎实,有序而又不失活泼. 　　 2 教学过程 　　第一部分:课前任务活动 　　step 1师生互相了解(语言点: who, that 在定语从句中的用法) 　　(1) 教师让学生用英语描述一位学生,以这种方式主动与学生相识. 　　t:i'm very happy today to meet you here. i hope you"ll like my lesson. actually this is the first time i meet you . so would you like to introduce someone in you class to me ? 　　ss: ( a little excited) yes! 　　t: remember, when i call your name, please don't move. other students will describe you in english, and i'll try to find you quickly. now, let's try the first one.who is ....? 　　(2) 教师边听不同学生描述边寻找被描述的学生,同时,适当板书学生所说的描述人物的话,如: 　　tony is a boy . he is very tall. 　　he is sitting in the second row. 　　he has short hair. 　　he wears a pair of glasses. 　　(3)教师找到第一位被描述的学生之后,请学生注意黑板上的句子,启发他们将这些短句连成长句.教师示范用定语从句的关系代词who , that 连接这些句子,然后让学生总结规律并模仿将黑板上的句子用关系代词连起来;学生在用定语从句继续描述其他同学,以此帮助教师找到更多不认识的学生. 　　t: look,there are so meny short sentences on the blackboard. can you join themtogether to make a long sentence? 　　s1: tony is a boy, and ut he is very tall? 　　t: good. any other way? 　　s2: tony is a tall boy . 　　t: yes,that's a better way. what else? 　　tony is a boy who is very tall.(教师擦掉第二句的主语he,替换为who ) 　　t: and we ca also say :tony is a boythat is very tall.(在who 旁边加上 that) 　　we use"who hat to describe a boy . now, can you join the first sentence with next three sentences, just like i do? 　　ss: ...... 　　t : let's go on the game using "someone is a boygirl who that... 　　(设计说明) 　　这一设计自然地将学生带入到了学习情境中,可以有效地减轻他们的学习焦虑感.这种师生互动也容易快速消除师生之间的陌生感.如果教师想让学生多说多练的话,可以适当延长寻找的时间,多让一些学生进行描述.在导入定语从句时,笔者没有先将语法概念告诉学生,而是直接呈现定语从句的用法,不仅直观清楚,省时高效,也锻炼了学生直接用英语思维的能力和运用所学语言的能力. 　　step 2 猜谜语 ( 语言点: which, that 在定语从句中的用法) 　　(1) 教师逐一用幻灯片呈现一些句子,并让学生来猜"这是谁?'. 　　t: just now, you introduce some of your classmates to me .now it's my turn to introduce a friend .do you know donna? 　　ss: nomadonna? that singer?mcdonald? 　　t : here are sime hints. donna is a lady who loves music. 　　ss: madonna! 　　t :no! donna is a lady that likes you a lot. 　　s1: is it you? 　　t: donna is a lady who is standing in front of you! 　　ss: ah! you are donna! 　　(设计说明) 　　这一设计起到了承上启下的作用.从"找学生"到"猜老师",再到下一步的"猜谜语",过渡自然,节省了大量的讲解时间,学生也能轻松进入学习状态. 　　(2) 教师呈现一些用定语从句写成的谜语让学生猜测,然后启发学生总结并说出which和who在定语从句中的用法区别 　　t: now, i have more riddles.would you like to have a try? 　　ss: yes, of course. 　　t： what is the day which hat comes after monday? 　　ss: tuesday. 　　t: yes. easy,what is the vegetable which hat can be made into french fries? 　　ss: potato. 　　t :what is the fruit which hat we often eat in summer? 　　ss: watermelon. 　　t: here comes the most difficult one. what is the animal which hat can always be found in baseball game? 　　t: it's a bat.baseball bat. it's just a joke.but can you tell me why we use "which" or "that" instead of "who" or "that" in these sentences? 　　ss: day. vegetable.fruit. animal 　　(3)教师用幻灯片演示主句与定语从句修饰和被修饰的关系，并请学生仿照这些句子用which和that创编一些谜语,让全班共同猜测,教师给予必要的指导. 　　(设计说明) 　　学生通过比照黑板上和幻灯片中的两类句式,不仅能发现which和who的用法和区别,达到快速理解和运用定语从句的目的,也进一步增加了探究所学语法的兴趣.编谜语活动还为学生提供了一定的发挥和想象空间,并由此开始了本节课的写作活动. 　　step 3 看图片谈论学校( 语言点:练习用who, which或that将短句连成定语从句,了解主从句的位置关系) 　　(1) 教师呈现一些标有文字注释的学校图片,引导学生将图片上的短句连成定语从句,并用动画效果来显示正确语句. 　　t: do you know about my school? 　　ss: no. 　　t: do you want to visit it? 　　ss:yeah! 　　t: ok, follow me.let's have a look at some pictures of my school. and please try to join two sentences into one sentence, using "who" ,"which" or "that".(showing pictures) many people ca remember the gate . it's so different from others. 　　s1: many people can remember the gate which hat is so different from others. 　　t: our school also has a long history. the history is over 100 years. 　　s2:our school has a long histore which hat is over 100 years. 　　t:the man is talking to the visitors. he is our priciple. 　　s3:the man who is talking to the visitors is our principle. 　　t:we can see the students. they are studying in different places. 　　s4:we can see the students who are studying in different places. 　　t: many students come to visit our school.they are from different countries. 　　s5: many students who are from different countries come to visit our school. 　　(2) 教师再呈现其它一些没有文字注释的图片,让学生用定语从句描述自己的母校. 　　(设计说明) 　　通过真实的情景展示,巩固和扩展所学语言,图片注释为学生的表达提供了充分的语言支持.注释句子由短到长,由易到难,层层递进,不断有新的挑战,使学生乐于实践,不怕 出错,边学边用.即使有些语句不太熟悉,他们也能够借助画面理解.这一活动为下一步让学生用自己的语言描述母校做了很好的铺垫. 　　第二部分:任务实施阶段(巩固与创新) 　　step 4 调查"你喜欢什么样的学校?"( 语言点: 用定语从句进行交际) 　　谈论完两所学校后,教师让学生进行小组讨论,用"what kindof school eacher do you like? i like the school which..... he teacher who hat..."来谈一谈对学校的感受和对学校的意见或建议,在讨论的同时用定语从句记录理想中的学校是怎样的,并与同伴交流感受; 最后向全班同学做简单的汇报,例如:in my group, we all like the school which.... 　　(设计说明) 　　学生在上一步的交流活动中已经产生了很多想法,这一步适时地让他们表达出来显得很自然. 在教师提供的语言支持下,学生能够给学校建设提出很多好的建议.在表达过程中,学生的语句会有较多扩展,教师可以走到各组中间给予适当的指导.这也为下一步写作作好了铺垫. 　　step 5 给校长写一封信(语言点: 用定语从句写作) 　　学生齐读教师呈现的信件范例,了解如何将调查结果以书面的形式表达出来,同时注意建议信的语气表达; 然后仿造例文用定语从句给校长写一封信,提出自己对学校的建议,以总结前一步的活动,并练习和巩固所学内容. 　　step 6 作业布置 　　学生完成给校长的信 　　(设计说明) 　　这一步是整节课的升华,能够用一节课的时间即完成语法的落实,又有梯度地将听说落实到读写上,新文体的仿写是关键所在. ;

歌词一般不讲究语法，所以不好指出，抱歉

你其实就是被2个had搞晕了，你其实可以先不必考虑时态问题，就当做现在时。这是一个定语从句，如果不考虑时态，并且把连接词补上的话应该是这样的the machine（that）he had run ,为什么连接词可以去掉呢，因为这里machine做宾语，当先行词做宾语的时候，这里的连接词that是可以去掉的，正如你所说的 “have sth done,这里是have machine run”。至于时态问题没什么好纠缠的，因为机器运转发生在他提及这件事之前，所以过去完成时最适合，所以选择A，其它答案都不合理，D是肯定不对的，have sth done是固定用法，像have, make, get, keep这些词后面直接可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的，不用加been，比如I have my hair cut

你说的没错，that is technologically sophisticated为定语，修饰something,意为“技术上精密复杂的（产品）”。 with its cost recovered through service charges为介词短语（独立结构），用以给出附带信息。整句译文：手机是用以说明技术上精密复杂的产品是如何可以白送出去的好例子，其成本可以通过服务收费收回来。

Itissuchaninterestingbookaswealllikeverymuch定语从句：定语从句就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。因此，这里的先行词是：book。后面的aswealllikeverymuch修饰book的，我们都非常喜欢的强调句要强调先行词的话可以这么改：itissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeverymuch结果状语主从复合句:itissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeverymuch.结果状语从句通常由sothat...,so...that...等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：Helostsomanybikesthathedecidednevertobuyanewone.(他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。)

My mother is a worker 这句子里没有定语啊

是分别用定语从句和非谓语从句造句，还是用这两种造一个句子？？定语：Aforeignchildwhoisinfrontofthetablewiththetwoforksiseatingnoodles.非谓语：Aforeignchildiseatingnoodlestousetwoforksinfrontofthetable.定语+非谓语：Aforeignchildusingtwoforksinforntofthetableiseatingnoodles.

The "one"，可明确指代物时

非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分 2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。3. 有时as也可用作关系代词4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.

e, Silas exhaled, telling himself to clea

定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语） 4 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I"ll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。） （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） I"ll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。 限制性和非限制性定语从句 1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性） 2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。 3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 介词+关系词 ）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club? as, which 非限定性定语从句 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one"s health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 典型例题 1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he 答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。 2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。 3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that B. which C. as D. it 答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点： (1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。 (2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。 在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。 As 的用法 例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有"正如"。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one"s health. As is know, smoking is harmful to one"s health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 先行词和关系词二合一 1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替) 2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. (what 可以用all that代替) what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything What you want has been sent here. Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who （错）Who breaks the law will be punished. （错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. （对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. （对）Who robbed the bank is not clear. 3) that 和 what 当that引导定语从句时 ，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从 句， 用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。 I think (that) you will like the stamps. What we need is more practice. 15 关系代词that 的用法 ）不用that的情况 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 (错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。 b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。 d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 举例： All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

这是【each time引导的时间状语从句】。 Each time she came to see me she would advise me to give up smoking. 句子意思： 每一次她来看我，她都会建议我戒烟。 祝你开心如意！

你说的很对，time有两个意思。一个是表示时间，一个是表示次数。表示时间的话，就用when，而表示次数的话，通常是一些固定句型。如：it is/was the 序数词 time that +从句（从句的谓语动词用现在完成时或过去完成时，一定取决于is和was的时态。）

1 非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词（现在分词和过去分词），.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分　　它有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词　　1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有： 　　（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如： 　　They built a garden. 　　They suggested building a garden. 　　（2）都可以被状语修饰： 　　The suit fits him very well. 　　The suit used to fit him very well. 　　（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如： 　　He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态） 　　He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） 　　We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时） 　　Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式） 　　（4）都可以有逻辑主语 　　They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语） 　　The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语） 　　We are League members.（谓语动词的主语） 　　We being League member, the work was well done. 　　（现在分词的逻辑主语） 　　2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有： 　　（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 　　（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 　　（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。 　　（4）谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。　　(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。2 独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词或其他的一些词。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。　　独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。　　独立主格结构的功能　　独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。常见的独立主格结构有如下几种： 　　1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。 2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。 3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。 4. 名词/主格代词+形容词。 5. 名词/主格代词+副词。 6. 名词/主格代词+介词短语。 7. There being +名词（代词） 8. It being +名词（代词）独立主格结构的特点：　　1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。　　2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。　　3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。3 动名词的复合结构作主语 　　当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构(——这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如： 　　Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 4 分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。　　We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.　　This is really an exhausting day to all of us!　　We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.　　After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.　　More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries

who的宾格whom

gshKhatwusydhxuwu十gdgsudydyeywywyqjmkzV"-nxnzswijwuwuwhsudh十上xndhxjxjsjnsu亼hdgshsh个厂多少bbdywhduduwowoenzjzjxkddpp

这个不是省略why，而是省略了关系代词that。

在这个句子中，reason在定语从句中做主语。可以将原句还原为：Two possible reasons that a person can be beat deaf are…。

　　 way的用法大全： 　　way的用法1：way的基本意思是“路,道,街,径”,一般用来指具体的“路,道路”,也可指通向某地的“方向”“路线”或做某事所采用的手段,即“方式,方法”。way还可指“习俗,作风”“距离”“附近,周围”“某方面”等。 　　way的用法2：way作“方法,方式,手段”解时,前面常加介词in。如果way前有this, that等限定词,介词可省略,但如果放在句首,介词则不可省略。 　　way的用法3：way作“方式,方法”解时,其后可接of v -ing或to- v 作定语,也可接定语从句,引导从句的关系代词或关系副词常可省略。 　　way的用法4：by the way表面上似乎暗示打算顺便补充些不太重要的话,但事实上却常被用来引出一个其实是十分重要的.话题。 　　way的用法5：way用作副词时意思是“远远地,大大地”,通常指在程度或距离上有一定的差距。 　　way的用法6：way back表示“很久以前”。 　　 way的常用短语： 　　用作名词 (n.) 　　all the way 　　always the way 　　by the way 　　by way of 　　come sb"s way 　　every which way 　　get〔have〕 one"s own way 　　give way (to) 　　go one"s own way 　　go out of one"s way 　　go sb"s way 　　have it both ways 　　have it one"s own way 　　in a big way 　　in a way 　　in the way 　　look the other way 　　make one"s way 　　make way 　　no way 　　 way的用法例句： 　　1. Sometimes things have to fall apart to make way for better things. 　　有时候要到达谷底，才会慢慢变好。 　　2. His destination was Chobham Common, a long way from his Cotswold home. 　　他的目的地是乔伯姆公地，那里和他在科茨沃尔德的家离得很远。 　　3. She was afraid in a way that was quite new to her. 　　她感到从未有过的害怕。 　　4. They will not allow your more way-out ideas to pass unchallenged. 　　他们不会放过你这些古怪的念头的。 　　5. It"s a long way to go for two people in their seventies. 　　对于两个七十几岁的人来说，这段路太远了。 　　6. We are taught to construe these terms in a particular way. 　　我们被教导要以特定的方式理解这些词语。 　　7. She is a long way from being the richest person in Britain. 　　比起英国首富，她还差得远呢。 　　8. He mixed business and pleasure in a perfect and dynamic way. 　　他以互动的方式将工作和娱乐完美地结合起来。 　　9. He"s pissed. Let"s get out of his way before he starts spewing. 　　他很恼火。趁他还没有发作，我们赶快离他远点儿。 　　10. He reached the garden gate and thrust his way through it. 　　他来到花园门口，挤了进去。 　　11. The pull-out of the army paves the way for independence. 　　军队的撤出为独立铺平了道路。 　　12. I can"t think of a worse way to spend my time. 　　我想不出更糟的消磨时间的办法。 　　13. He seemed fond of her in a strictly professional way. 　　他似乎只是出于职业缘故而喜欢她。 　　14. Constance doesn"t have a way with words like you do. 　　康斯坦丝没有你这么健谈。 　　15. The barb stung her exactly the way he hoped it would. 　　如他所愿，这句带刺的话刺痛了她。

定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 一、 限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间

同位语从句 （解释说明）定语从句 （限定）

Annas主 says谓 lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care宾语从句.宾语从句（引导词that省略）lawyers主 can play谓 a key role宾 in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care状 in介词 insisting宾 that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care宾语从句 that引导词 these well-meaning medical initiatives主 translate into谓 better care宾解释：play a key role已经完整，所以in doing sth就属于状语。类似结构: (介词短语作状语）play an important part inspend time in doingthank you for doing

1.This is the material from which the glass is made2. The speech which bored everyone went on and on3. I still remember the time when we knew each other.4. A country should be one that can provides health,comfort and freedom for its people.6. The best thing that you can do is to study hard.

对，on the ground 做 apples 和 bananas 的定语成分，只修饰bananas也用on the ground一样的！

作定语，修饰service

related前面省略了which are，所以是定语从句，be related to是一短语，与……相关的意思

是过去分词，这里QELATED是作为过去分词作定语修饰MATTERS 表示“与什么有关联” 举个例子：I bought a book written by a famous writer. 这里written就是一个过去分词作定语修饰book.表示一种被动的含义，就是说书是被写的，不是自己写的 所以这里的related也是表达一种被动的含义，是“所有的事情与学生的福利有关” 这种关联不是那些事情自己产生的，是被联系起来的。 总之一般过去分词作定语都表示被动的含义。 像V-ing是现在分词作定语，表示主动的含义。 再举个例子：The woman washing clothes is my mom.那位在洗衣服的女士是我的妈妈。 这里washing就是作定语修饰woman.它是表示主动的，也就是说那位女士在洗衣服，而不是说那位被洗的女士。 我觉得我解释的还是比较详细的哦

makes，前面的different countries have different cultures,做整体，动词用单数

my father是个整体,my不是定语,他是人称物主代词,

whose 和 of which 的区别是它们在句子中的语法结构的不同。whose 是关系代词，引导其后的形容词性从句直接修饰先行词；of which 是介词短语结构，其中关系代词 which 引导的名词性从句并不直接修饰先行词，而是作介词 of 的宾语，与其构成介词短语作被修饰的先行词的后置定语。whose 和 of which 在在词典释义上完全相同，都表达从句内容与先行词的从属关系。由于它们语法结构的不同，导致跟随其后的从句在句子表述上有所不同。因此这两个从句不可直接换用。比较：This is a best-selling American novel whose translator is my Chinese teacher.This is a best-selling American novel of which the translator is my Chinese teacher.

你这2个句子都是错误的

以下是一个例句：I have many books, of which some are novels and others are biographies.在这个例句中，"of which"引导了一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词"books"。这个定语从句的作用是对先行词进行补充说明，而不是限制其范围。这个定语从句的意思是“我有很多书，其中一些是小说，另一些是传记。”

关系代词在定语从句中用来指事、物，不指人，也就是说，当先行词是事、物时，一般情况下使用which,一些特殊的先行词后面才使用that.ofwhich用在特定的情形，前面往往有代词或数词，如Theseareinterestingstories,oneofwhichwaswrittenbyme.YesterdaymorningItooksomewonderfulphotos,threeofwhichweregiventomysister.

当定语从句的引导词是下列词时，可以用介词+which来换：whose=ofwhich(指物)when=onwhichwhy=forwhichwhere=inwhich

定语从句中whose和of which 经常可以互相替换但在下列情况下二者不能替换：（1）形式不同。如： ①The house _______ windows face south is our reading-room. ②The house _______ the windows face south is our reading-room. A. of which B. whose C. which D. its ①的答案是B；②的答案是A。（2）同样，在名词前已有限定词时，只能用of which/whom，不能用whose，因为限定词不可罗列在一起使用。（3）whose 即可以指人，又可以指物，而of which 只能用来指物。（4）of which 除了可以表示所属关系外，还可以用来表示整体的关系，而whose则不能。（5）引导非限制性定语从句多用whose，而很少用表示所属关系的介词of which（6）当of 不具有“所属”含义时，只能用of which (whom) 或which (whom, who )... of，不能用whose。

说得简单点：which，就直接指代先行词ofwhich，等于就是指代of+先行词。也就是说，如果把先行词补充进从句，它前面有of具体的可以看http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%B6%A8%D3%EF%B4%D3%BE%E4希望能帮助你：）

which指代物，一个物品 最为常用。in/on which=where 视具体地点而定、for which=why 表示原因of which 指代在……（可能是一个集团等）之中。在非限制性定从中，which最为常用，可以指代一整句句子而非一个东西或单元。若有具体问题可追问，谢谢！

whose引导定语从句时，只能在句中作定语。which引导定语从句可以在句中主语和宾语，有时也作定语。of which引导定语从句，在句中作定语。whose是who，which的所有格，当是who的所有格时候就用of whom而不是of which。扩展资料：That 引导定语从句，在从句中代替先行词作主语或宾语，可代替人或物。这是that后面不能接着名词。This is the only thing that we can do now. 宾语The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 主语whose 引导定语从句，在从句中代替先行词做定语，也是可以指人也可指物。因为做定语，所以后面一定紧跟个一个名词。

1. 关系代词whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语；of whom只能指人；of which只能指物，有时whose可以与of whom和of which互换使用。如： The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。 The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。 2. “介词 + whose +名词”引导定语从句。如： I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。 3. 在下列情况下，一般只用of whom和of which。 (1) 定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。 In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don"t know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。 He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书，有几本故事书我还从未看过。 (2) 定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。如： The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。 (3) 定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。如： There are fifty students in our class, all of whom are working hard. 我们班有五十个学生，所有这五十个学生学习都刻苦。 He planted two trees last year, both of which are growing well. 去年他栽了两棵树，这两棵树都长得好。 (4) 在定语从句中作表语的定语时，一般只用of whom和of which。如： He has three brothers, of whom Li Lei is the youngest one. 它有三兄弟，李蕾是他们中最小的一个。 There are many countries in Asia, of which China is the largest one. 亚洲有很多国家，中国是最大的一个。 这样讲不晓得你明不明白？

主要是介词的选用。这要看先行词，也就是定语从句所修饰的名词与要用的介词之间的搭配：Please pass me the book the cover of which is blue.请把那本蓝色封面的书递给我。书的封面，on the cover,介词用onI want to find the very pen with which Iwrote that letter.我想找到我用来写那封信的那支钢笔。用钢笔写字，write with a pen,介词用witIs this the museum (where=)in which the exhibition was held.这就是举办展览的博物馆。在博物馆里举办展览，in the museum,介词用inI will never forget the day (when=)on which I joined the army..永远忘不了我参军的日子。具体的一天用on that day, 介词用on,

看定语部分缺什么，决定是用什么

of which 其中/..的 eg:there are 100 people,30 of which are students. which 是指代people.(which是代词)

1先理解 the roof of the room,和 the room"s roof.2 i live in the room. ----- the room"s roof is yellow.----- whose roof is yellow i live in the room---- the roof of the room is yellow----- the roof of which is yellow.

要确定which指什么要看宾语部分是指什么，然后就可以定了。

当然不是。whose 在定语从句中的用法 whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，表" …… 的"之意；它可以指"人的"，也可以指"物的"；既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 〖思维一〗whose + n . 可作主语，宾语，功能与 which , whom (who )相同。如： Mr King , whose legs were badly hurt , was quickly taken to hospital . The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident . 〖思维二〗whose 既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。如： My uncle whose office we have just passed , is a lawyer . 我的叔叔是个律师，刚才我们经过他的办公室 。 Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred . 从前有一个叫阿尔弗雷德的英国国王。 〖思维三〗whose 代指"……的"，既可以指人，也可以指物。如： Look at the building , whose roof is white . 看那栋楼，楼顶的颜色是白的。 The girl lives in the house , whose windows face south . 那个女孩住在这所房子里，房子的窗户是朝南开的。 〖思维四〗whose 表所属关系指物时，可与 of which 转换，词序一般是：名词+ of which Look at the building , the roof of which ( = whose roof )is white . The girl lives in the house , the windows of which ( = whose windows )face south . 〖思维五〗whose 不可与 of which (whom )转换的情况。 当 of 不具有"所属"含义时，（如在 hear of , be proud of , be fond of , be full of 等短语中，of 均不表"所属"关系），只能用 of which (whom) 或 which (whom , who )… of ，切不可盲目用 whose 。如： Mary has been married to a scientist of whom you may have heard . (… < who / whom > you may have heard of … .) 玛丽嫁给了一位科学家，你可能听说过这个人。 She has a clever boy of whom she is proud .她有一个为之骄傲的聪明儿子。 〖思维六〗whose 在定语从句中，有"所属"含义，一般不再与其它限定词罗列使用。 当 whose 表"所属"含义时，其本身就是一个限定词，相当于 one"s （具体讲是：my , his , her , its , our , your , their …），而限定词不可罗列在一起使用， whose 也不例外。如： John , of whom my aunt is a distant cousin by marriage , comes to see us sometimes . 约翰有时来看看我们，他是我姑姑的一个远房亲戚。 whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词， 它是关系代词who的所有格，在从句中作定语，也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表达“……的”意思时，用关系代词whose 引导定语从句，它既可以指代人，也可以指代物，既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 　　例：①Mr King,whose legs were badly hurt, was taken to the hospital. 金先生腿受重伤，被送进了医院。 　　②They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。 　　whose短语在定语从句中有时可作介词宾语， 即构成“介词＋whose＋名词”引导定语从句并在从句中作状语。 　　例：①The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. 金先生工作所在的部门领导已经听人说过这一意外事故。 　　②He is the student of whose brother we are always proud. 他就是那个我们总是为他哥哥感到骄傲的学生。 whose引导定语从句时,通常可与of which/of whom引导的定语从句进行转换。 　　例：①I made a table,the surface of which(of which the surface)is quite smooth. 我制了张桌子，桌面很光滑。 　　I made a table, whose surface is quite smooth. 　　②I live in a room whose window(the window of which或of which the window)opens to the south. 我住在一间窗户朝南开的屋子里。 　　③The professor of whom a daughter(a daughter of whom) has gone abroad is very famous in China. 那位他的女儿已经出国了的教授在国内很有名。 　　 whose 与 of which 的区别我们经常可以看到引导定语从句的关系代词 whose 与 of which 相互替代。那么是不 是在任何情况下二者都可以互相替换呢 ? 它们之间的区别是什么 ? 〖思维〗1.形式不同。如： The house _______ windows face south is our reading - room . A . of which B . whose C . which D . its 此题正确答案是B，不能选择A。选择 of which 时应在名词前加上定冠词 the，也就是说如果名词前有 the 就只能用 of which。如果名词前没有冠词，就用 whose。如上句题干改为：The house _______ the windows face south is our reading-room . 此题就只能选择答案A而不能选择B了。2 . whose 即可以指人，又可以指物，而 of which 只能用来指物。如： The boss in whose department looked down upon women . The house whose roof was damaged now has been repaired . 上面第一句不可用 of which 来改写，第二句可以。可写成：The house of which the roof was damaged has now has been repaired . 3 . of which 除了可以表示所属关系外，还可以用来表示整体的关系，而 whose 则不能。 He borrowed a book of which the author was a peasant . In Barcelona the Chinese team got 16 gold medals , of which 12 were won by women . 第一句中的 of which 就可以用 whose 来代替。因为这个句子中 of 是用来表示所属关系。可改写成：He borrowed a book whose author was a peasant。而第二句中的 of which 就不要用 whose 来替。因为这个句子中的 of 不是表示所属关系，而是表示整体与部分的关系。 4 . 引导非限制性定语从句多用 whose，而很少用表示所属关系的介词 of 加上关系代词 which。如： There is a mysterious lake at the foot the hill , whose depth has never been measured . 山脚下有个神秘的湖，其深度从未测量过。 如介词 of 不表示所属关系，而是用来表示整体与部分的关系。此时就经常引导非限制性定语从句了。如； There are 102 elements found in nature , of which most are metals . The stories about the Long march , of which this is one example , are well written .

①of which the engines相当于the engines of which②which 能跟介词短语一起使用③是scientist

应该是 of which the roof。roof是可数名词单数不能单独 存在，前面必须有限定词。第一句中的whose和第二句的the就是限定词。whose roof =the roof of which,可以把of which 提前 变成 of which the roof。其实 whose roof 指的就是 the house"s roof. the roof of which 指的就是the roof of the house。