barriers / 阅读 / 详情

做锚杆拉拔力那个显示表里面的是压强怎么换算成千牛

2023-06-13 13:38:53
共4条回复
LuckySXyd

一般拉拔仪型号分为10吨(100kN),20吨,30吨,50吨等,你要先清楚你的拉拔仪型号是多少吨的和你拉拔仪压强的量程是多少,然后用拉拔仪型号吨数乘10除以压强量程即得换算系数,比如你的拉拔仪型号是50吨的,压强量程是100兆帕,压强与拉拔力换算系数=50*10/100=5,,如果现在你拉拔仪上压强读数是50兆帕,拉拔力就是50×5=250千牛,如果你不知道你的拉拔仪的型号是多少吨的,就需要测量一下拉拔仪的活塞面积,根据公式,拉拔力=压强×活塞面积,活塞面积即换算系数,如果你求得活塞面积单位是毫米,则用求得的活塞面积除以1000即得换算系数,活塞面积=外环面积-内环面积(不用拆开活塞直径从外部就能测得)。

LocCloud
1帕=1N/㎡1MPa=1×1000000N/㎡=1000千牛/㎡
锚杆,英文“Bolt”;“bolting(准确称谓)”;“anchor(早期称谓)”是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩加固在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主体加固。锚杆作为地下工程和岩石边坡的主要支护形式之一,对土木工程稳定性的维护起着重要作用,尤其是在节理裂隙岩体中,锚杆对岩体的加固作用十分明显。
组成锚杆必须具备几个因素:

①一个抗拉强度高于岩土体的杆体

②杆体一端可以和岩土体紧密接触形成摩擦(或粘结)阻力

③杆体位于岩土体外部的另一端能够形成对岩土体的径向阻力

锚杆作为深入地层的受拉构件,它一端与工程构筑物连接,另一端深入地层中,整根锚杆分为自由段和锚固段,自由段是指将锚杆头处的拉力传至锚固体的区域,其功能是对锚杆施加预应力;锚固段是指水泥浆体将预应力筋与土层粘结的区域,其功能是将锚固体与土层的粘结摩擦作用增大,增加锚固体的承压作用,将自由段的拉力传至土体深处。
S笔记

用压强乘钢筋的圆截面就等于抗拉力了。

可可

问拉力计生产厂家,有一个换算比例,也就是与作用面积有关

相关推荐

bolt的意思

不同的作用和不同的词性使用时效果都意思都不一样:做名词: 螺栓,螺钉; 闪电,雷电; 门闩; 弩箭; 及物动词: 筛选; 囫囵吞下; (把门、窗等) 闩上; 突然说出,脱口说出; 不及物动词:(门窗等) 闩上,拴住; 冲出,跳出; (马等的) 脱缰; 囫囵吞下; 做介词的时候:突然地;像箭似地;直立地
2023-06-12 21:16:143

锚杆是什么?

锚杆是测定锚固力的一种工具, 具有体积小、重量轻、携带方便、操作简单、安全等特点,广泛应用于煤炭、国防、隧道及交通运输等多种坑道作业。我们公司主要有右旋锚杆 左旋锚杆 玻璃钢锚杆等多种。
2023-06-12 21:16:525

想了解锚杆

楼上的可认识西安科技大学惠老师,怎么他的成果你知道这么详细。
2023-06-12 21:19:122

隧道锚杆检测频率是多少跟检测一次?

每300根必须抽样一组,每组不得少于3根做拉拔试验!
2023-06-12 21:20:413

法兰问题,请高手翻译一下

ASME是法兰标准。CL150是法兰的压力,SCH是法兰的内径吧
2023-06-12 21:22:373

重重有赏!英译中

1.3。设计要求配件起重眼睛和/或一切必要的起重设备将配备一个体重20公斤以上的所有部分。·抽薹将受到保护而生锈。·铝与水接触的部件咸必须得到保护以牺牲电极(阳极)。·设备不应该由他们转交支架振动·噪声水平<1米处85分贝该泵须提供配备了电动机,水泵,机械零件,支架,准备...安装在备份。2。特殊要求2.1。机械接口定点扶贫泵的框架安装在掘进机楼,由螺栓连接或连接焊接(位置和大小来定义的供应商)。该泵的支架,将能获得与提供,应该由无正文批准在制造业。2.2。电气接口电机:参见电气规范1046MLEE001A2.3。环境介质:掘进机的条件(德斯特,水投影...。)温度:+10℃至+40℃相对湿度:85%盐水寿命:运行24h/24h振动:该设备可能会受到震动2.4。鉴定,标志着该设备的标识按功能项目3。供给的限制字数及工务局3.1。作品·设计,制造和装配·生产检查及工厂测试(见§ 4)。·包装和运输按照NIMP15标准。3.2。文件·技术文档根据§ 53.3。备件和售后服务供应商应提出申办的一部分,作为回答为完成传递紧急备件的详细清单。第一个紧急备用零部件所需的设备在现场开始是供给的一部分。4。控制和接收控制及测试程序将供应商的之一。它应先提交订单。
2023-06-12 21:23:004

岩层锚杆应套用什么定额

套边坡支护中的“锚杆”定额。
2023-06-12 21:23:112

铸造专业英语翻译

8。表面质量:8.1清洗:从模具和其余业务的核心物质,应去掉一个合适的方法来获得洁净度Sa21 / 2,(国际标准化组织8501-1)。但其后不经加工表面必须均匀,光滑,逐步过渡,不“有形的外表面的笔触”。此外以下严重性级别acc.ISO 11971应履行对铸件的各个部分:表面粗糙度格A1Gasmporosity C2的上半年机械敷料维斯塔斯铸件开发中心使用从英国获得的比较。8.2焊接:是不容许任何的局面。8.3的MPI(磁粉检查):执行acc.to维斯塔斯质量指标993001(见点1.1)或根据相应的规范由维斯塔斯接受。检查的范围应安排Vestas.Interpretation和idications定义是维斯塔斯质量标准和有关检验规程993001提及。8.4修补/拒收:如果要求得不到满足,该项目必须修补(由磨)与后续检查或辞退。(尺寸要求应遵守)。在维斯塔斯表面缺陷检测规程规定,应得到遵守。以上回答你满意么?
2023-06-12 21:23:221

螺纹孔的英语翻译 螺纹孔用英语怎么说

Threaded hole
2023-06-12 21:23:322

as引导时间状语从句

as引导时间状语从句为什么从句都是持续性动词部分?不一定的都是持续性的。从句谓语可以是终止性的,也可以是持续性的。as当……时候,在……时候As the teacher entered the classroom,这个就是终止性动词谓语
2023-06-12 21:23:412

这句话什么意思啊 (压力容器方面)

用螺栓连接在喷嘴法兰外壳上的透明容器外表面不得少于绝缘所需的距离和套筒扳手的操作空间。
2023-06-12 21:23:483

螺栓SB是什么意思

SB代表的含义是:抗拉强度极限 。不锈钢和碳钢螺栓在等级的划分与标识方法有区别:碳钢螺栓的等级分为:3.6、4.6、4.8、5.6、6.8、8.8、9.8、10.9、12.9等10余个等级,数点前后的数字分别表示螺栓材料的公称抗拉强度和屈强比。例如:标记8.8级螺栓表示材料的抗拉强度达到800MPa,屈强比为0.8,即其屈服强度达到800X0.8=640MPa;不锈钢螺栓的等级分为:45、50、60、70、80,材料主要分奥氏体A1、A2、A4,马氏体和铁素体C1、C2、C4,其表示方法例如A2-70,“--”前后分别表示螺栓材料和强度等级。螺栓的材料和许用应力 (1)螺栓材料 常用材料:Q215、Q235、25和45号钢,对于重要的或特殊用途的螺纹联接件,可选用15Cr ,20Cr,40Cr,15MnVB,30CrMrSi等机械性能较高的合金钢。 (2)许用应力 螺纹联接件的许用应力与载荷性质(静、变载荷) 、联接是否拧紧,预紧力是否需要控制以及螺纹联接件的材料、结构尺寸等因素有关。精确选定许用应力必须考虑上述各因素,设计时可参照表11-4选择。螺栓、螺钉、螺柱、螺母的性能等级 3.6 4.6 4.8 5.6 5.8 6.8 8.8(≤M16) 8.8(>M16) 9.8 10.9 12.9 螺栓、螺钉、螺柱 抗拉强度极限 sb /MPa 公称 300 400 500 600 800 800 900 1000 1200 min 330 400 420 500 520 600 800 830 900 1040 1220 屈服强度极限ss /MPa 公称 180 240 320 300 400 480 640 640 720 900 1080 min 190 240 340 300 420 480 640 660 720 940 1100 布氏硬度HB min 90 109 113 134 140 181 232 248 269 312 365 相配合螺母 性能级别 4或5 4或5 4或5 5 5 6 8或9 8或9 9 10 12 注:9.8级仅适用于螺纹公称直径≤16mm 的螺栓、螺钉和螺柱。
2023-06-12 21:24:116

如何与人相处英语作文

How to Get Along with People相处是人际交往中最重要的一部分。要想让你的生活更丰富多彩,建立良好人际关系就非常重要。以下是一些如何与人相处的建议。1. 尊重他人:相互尊重是建立良好人际关系的关键。要避免不文明和冲突性言语和行为。2.共同利益:寻找和他人共同的兴趣爱好或目标,这较容易构建良好的人际关系,并增加互相的信任。3. 倾听:与他人沟通时,要掌握好倾听技巧,认真倾听对方的话,并提出合适的建议。4. 诚实:保持诚实不仅是一个人应有的道德,也是取得信任的基础。5. 合作:与他人合作是建立好人际关系的重要环节,能够减少不必要的冲突和矛盾。6. 赞美和感激:及时给他人赞美和感激,这些美好的语言可以产生正面的影响,使人际关系更加和谐。总之,在与人相处的时候,要让自己成为一个积极的、善意的和有同情心的人,与他人保持良好的沟通,建立互相信任的关系,就可以让你的人际关系更加和谐美好。Getting along with people is the most important part of interpersonal communication. To make your life more colorful, it is very important to build good interpersonal relationships. Here are some suggestions on how to get along with people.1. Respect others: mutual respect is the key to building good interpersonal relationships. It is important to avoid uncivil and conflictual language and behavior.2. Common interests: Finding common interests or goals with others is easier to build good interpersonal relationships and increase mutual trust.3. Listening: When communicating with others, grasp the listening skills, listen carefully to the other party"s words, and make appropriate suggestions.4. Honesty: Maintaining honesty is not only the moral responsibility of a person, but also the foundation for gaining trust.5. Cooperation: Cooperating with others is an important part of building good interpersonal relationships, can reduce unnecessary conflicts and contradictions.6. Praise and gratitude: Timely praise and gratitude to others, these beautiful words can have a positive impact and make interpersonal relationships more harmonious.In short, when dealing with people, try to be a positive, kind-hearted, and sympathetic person, maintain good communication with others, and establish a relationship of mutual trust, which can make your interpersonal relationships more harmonious and beautiful.
2023-06-12 21:24:292

a193是什么材质

ASTM A193是美标的一个标准,不是材质牌号。ASTM A193全称“ASTM A193/A193M-2017”(高温用合金钢和不锈钢栓接材料),如下图:
2023-06-12 21:24:464

可以发一份土木工程外文翻译带中文的给我吗?邮箱juxueming0603@163.com

可以,我有很多这方面的。
2023-06-12 21:24:592

floor reinforcement是什么意思

floor reinforcement楼板加固1. 地板补强例句:Meanwhile, it emerged that socgen is planning a significant reinforcement ofits risk control systems that will shift the balance of power from the tradingfloor to the back office and could rein in the growth of its star profit generator. 与此同时,有消息称,兴业银行正计划大力加强其风险控制体系,把更多权力从交易台转向后台,并可能约束其明星盈利业务的发展。.很高兴为你解答!如有不懂,请追问。 谢谢!
2023-06-12 21:25:072

新视野大学英语快速阅读1 跪求阅读的翻译 在线等 837781664@qq.com

youma
2023-06-12 21:25:173

system maintenance是什么意思

system maintenance[英][u02c8sistu0259m u02c8meintinu0259ns][美][u02c8su026astu0259m u02c8mentu0259nu0259ns]系统维护; 例句:1.Responsible for tool room erp system maintenance, goods income receipt in the erp system. 负责模房erp系统的维护,做好erp系统中的来料接收。2.For system maintenance or update, estudychinese. Com will post the note in advance. 本网站如因系统维护或升级而需暂停服务时,将事先公告。3.Auditorium lighting control system maintenance project. 观众席灯及控制系统维修改善工程规划案。4.Common problems and suggestion of system maintenance on drug pool"s management system. 药库管理系统维护中的常见问题及建议。5.Te fuhao and basic management, licensing and user rights management and supply management is the use of the system maintenance. 而基本特服号管理、授权与权限管理以及用户管理是供给系统维护人员使用的。
2023-06-12 21:25:361

A-193 GR B7 螺栓 是什么意思啊?

A193 GR B7属于美标高温螺栓用合金结构钢,执行标准:ASTM A193/A193M-2017A193 GR B7钢材属于超高强度钢,具有高强度和韧性,淬透性也较好,无明显的回火脆性,调质处理后有较高的疲劳极限和抗多次冲击能力,低温冲击韧性良好。A193 GR B7钢材适宜制造要求一定强度和韧性的大、中型塑料模具和高强度、高温螺栓、螺母。A193 GR B7化学成分如下图:
2023-06-12 21:26:044

1Q2W3E4R5T6Y7U8I9O0P1Z2X3C4V5B 什么意思

没事 别人在擦键盘
2023-06-12 21:26:202

monel k500是什么材料?

MonelK500是材料的一种称呼:另外国标:68Ni28Cu28Al,美标:monelK-500,No5500德标:2.4374,2.4375。Monel K500 合金低温塑韧性良好,所以冷加工不会觉 有任何困难,但在热加工方面成型温度一般在871~1149度, 但我们推荐适宜温度应该是在1093度,合金固溶退火温度为793~971,可以获得良好的综合性能。热加工产品温度应在982度,冷加工产品在1038度,但应尽量缩短加热时间。MonelK500/alloyK500具有与Monel400相当的耐蚀性能,但是相比400具有更高的机械强度和硬度。还有较好的耐热腐蚀性能和长期组织稳定性。但塑性比其稍有降低,Monel K500 对比Monel400此合金含有质量分数为2.3%~3.15%的铝AL和0.3%~1.00%的钛Ti,不同地方加入量有所区别,Monel K500 合金的室温力学性能:棒材硬度一般在140~315HB,薄板、带材、管材一般≤85HRB,中厚板在260~337HB,各加工状态略有区别.
2023-06-12 21:26:314

锚杆和土钉长度有什么区别

根据受力不同区别,锚杆有自由段,土钉没有
2023-06-12 21:27:244

谁能翻译下这首诗?谢谢

楼主要的是翻译哦In my earlies I didn"t not understandthat the unfairs can never be burnt,glares to the marvelous lands I send,claim them for my king and country I meant,battleships travelling in the snowy night,armored knights bolting in the autumn wind,yet my wish to be the guardian all at end,for my mirror reminds me of my fade,long and long I mourn for him who wrotethe words by which he later fought and lived a thousand years to come and a thousand have passedwill there ever be someone to match his deed?原创谢谢!
2023-06-12 21:27:394

砂浆锚杆跟中空注浆锚杆有哪些区别联系?

砂浆锚杆:实心的。使用水泥砂浆作为锚固剂的锚杆。此类锚杆安装简便,成本较低廉,但是锚固力较弱,多用于岩石构造较完整的边坡保护或者临时锚固的地点,井下不多见。隧道施工经常使用。中空锚杆:空心的。锚杆指深入岩土内部并控制岩土变形的细长杆体,可包括垫板、螺母等部件。两者的区别:1、理论上中空注浆锚杆比砂浆锚杆的效果好,因为中空注浆锚杆中间是空心的,注浆可以先放入锚杆,然后从尾部注入浆液(多用于相对稳定完整的岩层,树脂、工程胶水、速凝水泥等)锚固剂自锚杆中心注入2、由于中运智能集团中空注浆锚杆的出现,松散岩土条件下的地层也可以使用中空注浆锚杆;而普通砂浆锚杆必须先注入孔内砂浆再插入锚杆,锚杆与围岩的粘结力不如中空注浆锚杆,浆液的选择上也没有中空注浆锚杆多样,对围岩的加固效果也差一些。u20023、如果不注浆的话,中空锚杆和砂浆锚杆一样作用都是非常有限的,但是中空锚杆是空心的,强度较普通砂浆锚杆还要弱一些。
2023-06-12 21:27:492

卡通片勇者王 GAOGAIGAR左右手武器名字

百科里有原文的含义= =
2023-06-12 21:28:093

screw和bolting的区别?

screw [简明英汉词典][skru:]n.螺丝钉, 螺旋, 螺杆, 螺孔, 螺旋桨, 吝啬鬼vt.调节, 旋, 加强, 压榨, 强迫, 鼓舞vi.转动, 旋, 拧bolting [简明英汉词典][5bEultiN]螺栓连接, 拧紧
2023-06-12 21:28:281

锚杆的介绍

锚杆,英文“Bolt”;“bolting(准确称谓)”;“anchor(早期称谓)”是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩加固在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主体加固。
2023-06-12 21:28:351

什么是锚杆 概念是什么

锚杆,英文“Bolt”;“bolting(准确称谓)”;“anchor(早期称谓)”是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩束缚在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主动加固。 概念:锚杆是岩土体加固的杆件体系结构
2023-06-12 21:28:481

锚杆、锚索的预应力,锚固力,张拉力,拉拔力都是什么意思,是一个意思么

锚杆抗拔力是三个中最大的
2023-06-12 21:28:595

锚杆和锚筋的区别是什么

锚杆,英文“Bolt”;"bolting(准确称谓)";"anchor(早期称谓)"是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩束缚在一起,使围岩自身支护自身.现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主动加固。锚杆作为深入地层的受拉构件,它一端与工程构筑物连接,另一端深入地层中,整根锚杆分为自由段和锚固段,自由段时指将锚杆头处的拉力传至锚固体区域,其功能是对锚杆施加预应力;锚固段时指水泥浆体将预应力筋与土层粘结的区域,其功能是将锚固体与土层的粘结摩擦作用增大,增加锚固体的承压作用,将自由段的拉力传至土体深处。锚杆根据其使用的材料可以分为:木锚杆,钢锚杆,玻璃钢锚杆等等。按锚固方式分为:端锚固,加长锚固和全长锚固以下列举几个称谓的锚杆(1)木锚杆。我国使用的木锚杆有两种,即普通木锚杆和压缩木锚杆。(2)钢筋或钢丝绳砂浆锚杆。以水泥砂桨作为锚杆与围岩的粘结剂。(3)倒楔式金属锚杆。这种锚杆曾经是使用最为广泛的锚杆形式之一。由于它加工简单,安装方便,具有一定的锚固力,因此这种锚杆在一定范围内至今还在使用。(4)管缝式锚杆。是一种全长摩擦锚固式锚杆。这种锚杆具有安装简单、锚固可靠、初锚力大、长时锚固力随围岩移动而增长等特点。?(5)树脂锚杆。用树脂作为锚杆的粘结剂,成本较高。?(6)快硬膨胀水泥锚杆。采用普通硅酸盐水泥或矿渣硅酸盐水泥加入外加剂而成,具有速凝、早强、减水、膨胀等特点?(7)双快水泥锚杆。是由成品早强水泥和双快水泥按一定比例混合而成的。具有快硬快凝、早强的特点。?一、管缝式锚杆工作原理和特点管缝式锚杆是一种全长锚固,主动加固围岩的新型锚杆,它立体部分是一根纵向开缝的高强度钢管,当安装于比管径稍小的钻孔时,可立即在全长范围内对孔壁施加径向压力和阻止围岩下滑的摩擦力,加上锚杆托盘托板的承托力,从而使围岩处于三向受力状态。在爆破振动围岩锚移等情况下,后期锚固力有明显增大,当围岩发生显著位移时,锚杆并不失去其支护抗力,它比涨壳式锚杆有更好的特性。锚桩属一种水上作业的辅助器件,主要用于固定船只。它由一根锚桩构成,由制为圆形状管桩与吊耳构成,在锚桩的下方制有插入孔,在锚桩的末端制为锥形状。其有益效果是该锚桩能使船只快速、牢靠地固定在岸边水中。
2023-06-12 21:29:362

什么是可回收式预应力锚杆?

就是临时性的,锚杆套了胶管,相当后张法的预应力钢筋,只要卸掉螺帽,可以把它取出来。
2023-06-12 21:29:462

轴承钢英语怎么表达

bearing steel
2023-06-12 21:29:562

屏幕护眼英文

屏幕护眼的英文是:Screen eye protection。关于eye protection的双语例句1、专业护眼:无眩光、发光均匀。Professional eye care: no glare, uniform luminance.2、护眼专家提醒您:近视,导致暴盲!EP notesl reminds: myopia, bring on blind!3、幼兔近视模型及大光明护眼液的疗效。Myopic model of the young rabbits and the effectiveness of Very Bright eye-drops.4、应用锚索支护切眼的探索。Exploration of Applying Bolting and Anchor Rope Support in Open-off Cut.5、护我微弱的眼晴,不让光线照到。Shading my faint eyes away from the light.
2023-06-12 21:30:031

这些英文什么意思?

看来样我已经得到回到我的老习惯。 我躲藏在我的洞穴了。 躲在自己了。 锚杆支护的大门。 正在反社会。 拒绝吃饭的计划或团体聚会。 当然,我并不是说我怕坏的东西发生了我,我也不fanicially incompitent 。 但是,仅仅是因为我已经再次成为懒惰, 不愿移动, 没有活力。 它改变了本赛季? 这是下拉的温度? 还是我这样做, “ 3分钟温度”呢? 或... 也许我提出了北极熊,并知道它的冬眠时间。 无论哪种方式,我只是觉得累了, 我需要坐在前面的壁炉我没有, 摇椅,我不拥有, 和SIP的杯热可可,我还没有...
2023-06-12 21:30:451

using-new-bolting-method是什么意思

采用新的筛选方案.
2023-06-12 21:30:541

土木工程词汇和术语翻译

你去查一下资料就ok了
2023-06-12 21:31:012

新视野大学英语读写教程1的课后练习答案,

Recommend you a gong zhong hao“答疑吧”,perhaps you can find what you need in it,good luck.
2023-06-12 21:31:122

锚杆的力学作用

锚杆是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩加固在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主体加固。锚杆作为深入地层的受拉构件,它一端与工程构筑物连接,另一端深入地层中,整根锚杆分为自由段和锚固段,自由段是指将锚杆头处的拉力传至锚固体的区域,其功能是对锚杆施加预应力。锚杆的作用锚杆是岩土体加固的杆件体系结构。通过锚杆杆体的纵向拉力作用,克服岩土体抗拉能力远远低于抗压能力的缺点。表面上看是限制了岩土体脱离原体。宏观上看是增加了岩土体的粘聚性。从力学观点上是主要是提高了围岩体的粘聚力C和内摩擦角φ。其实质上锚杆位于岩土体内与岩土体形成一个新的复合体。这个复合体中的锚杆是解决围岩体的抗拉能力低的关键。从而使得岩土体自身的承载能力大大加强。锚杆是当代地下开采的矿山当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩束缚在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体等进行主动加固。
2023-06-12 21:31:232

岩石边坡加固和减灾技术有哪些?

岩崩所指的范围很大,从拳头大小的岩块到大截面的巨石。根据形状和尺寸的不同,岩崩在下落过程中,可以呈现滚动、跳跃和顺坡高速运动,最后在岩崩源区较远距离的地点着陆。休闲区,如靠近悬崖的海滩、公园和开阔地带常受到岩崩影响,在这些地区活动的人群常常会置身于岩崩危险之中。太靠近悬崖和陡峭的岩石边坡的冒险活动会给本来已经很危险的悬空岩石增加压力而造成岩崩,给在其下的人群造成危害,而探险家自身也会受到伤害。无论是远足,野营,步行或在悬崖峭壁附近工作,人们有可能在没有任何预警的情况下遭受岩崩危害。有很多工程技术可以帮助人们减轻由于岩崩灾害造成的不良影响,下面对其中一部分予以介绍。在有些情况下,对付岩崩的最好工程措施往往不止一个,需要对不同方法进行良好的组合(图C20)。◆安全拦截技术拦挡沟比较宽的壕沟对捕捉岩崩会很有效,但在设计壕沟时必须考虑悬崖的几何形状,而且最好在咨询有关专家后再对壕沟的详细尺寸进行设计。壕沟的底部必须覆盖上松散土以防止落下的岩石弹起或破碎成碎片四处飞溅。如果没有足够的空间修建满足设计尺寸的壕沟,还可以采用组合式,如设置多排小壕沟,在其后配以堆石或岩石墙。索、网、篱和岩石帷幕索缆和铁丝网是保护公路或道路不受岩崩破坏的简便而经济的防治措施。对大型不稳定岩块,可以采用金属索缆缠绕在岩块上,再用锚索固定在边坡上。如果岩块太破碎,以至于单根索缆无法对其进行约束时,可以考虑使用金属网。铁丝网(网的间距较小)可以用来防止那些小于75厘米的岩块发生崩落(参见图C21的铁丝网格实例照片)。标准铁丝网是双股缠绕的铁丝网格。在岩石面较平整时,铁丝网格可以轻松地挂在岩壁上;而在岩石面不平整时,则需要使用岩栓将网固定在岩壁上,以保证网与岩壁紧密接触。将网固定在岩壁上可以防止岩块移位,并加强边坡或岩壁的整体稳定性。铁丝网格在较陡的土质切土边坡,尤其是碎石土边坡处也很有效果。用缆索和铁丝网格做的捕捉网可以修建在边坡和沟谷的底部,用于捕捉落石。在用锚索悬挂固定之后,铁丝网形成一个具有柔软性的屏障,可以消散落石的能量和冲击力。如果固定得当的话,可以用来捕捉直径1米左右的滚石。另外,捕捉网可以和道路边设置的拦挡沟并用。如图C22所示的岩石篱笆比较容易修建,而且可以阻挡规模小的岩块落到道路上,但它们控制不了那些回弹跳过篱笆顶部的落石。如图C23所示的岩石帷幕,可以更有效地将落石导入拦截壕沟或其他捕捉结构物,防止落石弹跳到外面的公路或其他设施上。挡土墙与如前所述的为加固土质边坡时使用的挡土墙一样,防治岩崩的挡土墙也有同样效果,阻挡落石岩屑不至于进入某个地区。这类挡土墙有些类似于防岩崩的篱笆,但更结实和强壮。挡土墙体可以使用钢筋混凝土、木材或其他材料,但需用锚索进行适当固定以免在岩崩时产生倾覆。岩石屏蔽和避难所岩石屏蔽和避难所指那些修建在公路、铁路,有时在结构物上面,对岩崩和大型滑塌进行屏蔽的设施。这些设施使用混凝土或钢筋,或其他材料,其端部可以是开放式的,也可能将岩崩区完全包围。它们可以将岩崩物质从公路、铁路或结构物处导向别处,使其不影响公路,铁路和结构物的安全使用。图C24~图C27中显示了一些这方面的实例。岩石、岩架加固这种结构物不常用,因为它们仅在特殊情况下才起作用,而且在施工时必须非常小心,对结构体强度的要求也很高。图C27为这方面的一个实例。◆岩石的开挖阶梯状在岩壁上修建水平的阶梯状台阶是最有效的防治岩崩灾害的方法之一。为了防止岩崩发生,台阶可以减少表面岩石的拉应力,减缓岩石表面的侵蚀速度,从而降低岩崩的发生率。然而,必须注意,这种方法对潜在的深层岩石破坏几乎没有任何作用。在修建的时候,阶梯状台阶的壁面可以比边坡的整体坡度更陡些,这样一来,掉下来的岩块可以保留在阶梯上(图C28)。但是一定要避免近90度的壁面倾角,因为那样会导致拉裂缝,出现危险的悬空状态,甚至发生过陡的岩崩。台阶面必须避免放在较软弱的岩层底面,岩石破碎带中或含水带中。台阶的宽度最小不少于4米,而且所有的台阶都必须有排水沟以便将水引出边坡。去除松石和整修边坡通过去除松石和整修边坡的方法,可以将对交通和行人产生危险的那些松动的、不稳定的,和(或)悬空的岩块去除掉。去除松石(Scaling)指通过手持的探棒或轻量炸药去掉松动的岩块。整修(Trimming)是指在去除松石之后,采用包括钻孔和轻量爆破等手段,去除较大面积范围的潜在危险岩块。控制性爆破可以减少整修工作的必要性,但爆破工作并不总是可行的。悬空的岩石可以被除去,也可以固定到稳定的坡面上。去除松石的工作由工人们使用探棒、千斤顶或炸药进行,工人们必须通过绳索或其他方式悬空固定。这些工作有时可能很费时且很昂贵(有时很危险)。在那些活动的边坡,可能需要每隔几年,或在需要的时候就重复进行一次。去除松石的工作需要很高的技术,并伴随着危险;整修边坡的工人需要经过专门的培训,而且在整修工作进行时必须有专业人员在场。◆对具有岩崩潜在危险性的地区进行加固喷射混凝土和压喷砂浆喷浆和压喷砂浆使用空压将混凝土直接喷射到不稳定岩石的表面以进行加固。喷射混凝土(Shotcrete)是指喷射干的或湿的混凝土或灰浆的过程。压喷砂浆仅指喷射干砂浆的过程。干的混凝土混合物通过空管输送到喷头,在那里与被注入的水接触。这种方法操作起来很快速,而且操作不太复杂,可以加强岩块之间的连接并减少岩石表面的风化和松动。喷浆的累计厚度可以达到2厘米,较压喷砂浆(累计厚度较小)使用得更为普遍。由于两种物质都可以通过空气压力快速实施,即使是大面积的工作也可以在短时间内迅速完成。图C31显示在某高速公路实施喷浆的情景。锚杆、锚栓和暗钉这些钢构杆件或钢索通过加固和连接岩石来改善其稳定性。锚杆通过施加的预应力来支持大型岩块,而锚栓相对较短,主要用来支持边坡表面的岩石。暗钉类似于锚栓,但事先没有被施加预应力。使用钢构对岩石边坡进行加固,需要有关岩石边坡稳定性分析、锚固技术,以及试验步骤的专门知识。对于一个成功的锚固系统,正确地确定潜在滑动面的方位至关重要,这需要大量的工程实践经验。图C32和图C33显示了锚栓和在某高速公路上安装锚栓的实例。图C32 固定在岩石表面的岩石锚杆(Closeup photograph of a rock anchor on a rock face),与铁丝网连接可以起到更大防护作用。该处锚杆深度约为5米图C33 锚栓作业(A rock bolting operation)。要注意岩石容易碎成细片的性质(照片来源:美国华盛顿州运输部)
2023-06-12 21:31:461

求助ASTM A193/193M-14a最新标准

ASTM A193/A193M-17是目前最新的标准。ASTM A193是美标的一个标准,不是材质牌号。ASTM A193全称“ASTM A193/A193M-2017”(高温用合金钢和不锈钢栓接材料),如下图:
2023-06-12 21:33:432

求。 新思维大学英语读写教程1答案

新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第一册》 课后答案Unit12008-10-19 15:19III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4.embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8.benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunitiesIV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in9. for 10.withV. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.CSentence StructureVI.1. Universities in the east are better equipped, whilethose in the west are relatively poor.2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinsonkept knocking it down.3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while hiswife saved all hers for the family.4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely,while others wee insulting and impolite.5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all thoseconcerned, while inwardly she was angry.VII.1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, buthe also bridged the gap between his culture and ours.2. Not only did we learn the technology through theonline course, but we also learned to communicate withfriends in English.3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also cameclose to losing our lives.4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but theyalso want reduced working hours.5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also toofar away from my company.TranslationVIII.1. Not only can students choose when and where to learnfor an online course, but they can also take time tothink through answers before making a reply.2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while beconsiders it meaningless and useless.3. Communicating with native English speakers is a veryrewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.4. Today, more and more people have access to theInternet through which they look for the information theyneed.5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to lookafter the children. She feels, however, that this is toomuch for her.6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall startdoing more revision work.IX.1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师,是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他,我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识,你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅。3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题,而且要写自己感兴趣的东西,例如,给朋友写电子邮件。4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言,也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由,但与其他课程比,这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B14.A 15.BStructured WritingXII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning aforeign language. It was a real challenge and, needlessto say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a smalldictionary with me everywhere I went as well as anotebook in which I listed new words I came across. Ialso managed my time carefully so that I met thestandards of the course and finished assignments on time.After years of persistence, I reaped the benefits of allmy hard work.Section BReading Skills1. 1.C 2.B 3.D 4. A 5. BComprehension of the TextII.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.DVocabulary1. community 2. effective 3. unique 4. committed 5.reinforce 6. perspective 7. explicit 8. challenge 9.hindered 10. aroseIV.1. for 2. with 3. on 4. on 5. on 6. of 7. in 8. up 9. of10.In《新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第一册》 课后答案 Unit2 2008-10-19 15:20III. 1. appeals 2. identity 3. concern 4. disgusting 5. upset6. influence 7. offensive 8. burst 9. stuff 10. thoroughIV.1. off/ down 2. off 3. as 4. on 5. for 6. on/upon 7. to8. over 9. in 10.ofV. 1.H 2.F 3.D 4.K 5.B 6.C 7.L 8.I 9.O 10. NSentence StructureVI.1. Kate saw her brother Bill as she was getting off theschool bus. Or: As she was getting off the school bus, Kate sawher brother Bill.2. As she was standing up from he seat, mother droppedthe glass to the ground. Or: Mother dropped the glass to the ground as she wasstanding up from her seat.3. A ******man fired at a thief as the thief was boltingout of the house. Or: As the thief was bolting out of the house, a******man fired at him.4. As she ran to catch the school bus, Sandy thought ofher talk with her mother. Or: Sandy thought of he talk with her mother as sheran to catch the school bus.5. As the teacher entered the classroom, all the studentsshouted “Happy birthday” to him. Or: All the students shouted “Happy Birthday” to himas the teacher entered the classroom.VII.1. She listened to her favorite rock music while singingalong with the words.2. She was putting on her jeans while asking me to handher the sweater.3. He banged on the door while opening it.4. In the bathroom she put on some makeup while lookingin the mirror.5. The schoolmaster shot an angry glance at the naughtyfirst grader while talking with his parents.Translation:VIII.1. As she was about to turn off the music, her fatherburst into he room and shouted at her, “Can"t you turndown the music a little bit?”2. the owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancingwhile pretending not to.3. Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turnedit up, paying no attention to her father"s objection.4. As usual, when his parents don"t like what he wears,they start bugging him.5. At the meeting they discussed how to keep the lines ofcommunication open between teachers and students.6. It makes my blood boil to think of these young boysand girls who are forced by their parents to beg formoney along the streets.IX.1. 我认为那些在镇上游手好闲、在身上又文身又穿洞的青少年是在表达他们的个性。2. 因特网提供了一种更快捷的方式,让我们与全球的新老客户取得联系,并保持沟通渠道畅通无阻。3. 父母与自己十多岁的孩子的沟通问题不仅仅在于“代沟”,而且还在于双方都不完全理解对方的思想。4. 当父母与子女有了这类沟通障碍时,青少年面临的问题可能更大。5. 青少年常常要经历这么一个阶段,在这个阶段,他们觉得父母会让他们没面子,害怕他们达不到自己朋友的标准。6. 比如,青少年希望在外呆到很晚,但是当第二天早上要起床上学时,那又是另一回事了。ClozeX.1. B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.A14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.CStructured WritingXII. The first thing you should do t make tea is to boilwater. While waiting for it to boil, you can get yourteapot out and put the right amount of tea leaves intoit. When the water has come to boil, pour it into theteapot. Then wait for a few minutes to let the leavessteep. Next? Enjoy the tea.Section BReading skillsI. 1.F 2.F 3.O 4.O 5.F plus O 6.O 7.O 8.OComprehension of the TextII. 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.AVocabularyIII.1. entitled 2. ruin 3. evaluate 4. trend 5. attitude 6.tend 7. curiosity 8. applying 9. response 10.conceptIV.1. to 2. in 3. between 4.about 5. across 6.to 7.to 8.in《新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第1册》课后答案 Unit 4VocabularyIII.1. conscious 2. depressed 3. ranges 4. impressed 5.encounter6. introduction 7. match 8. physical 9. relaxed10.contactIV.1. are committed to 2. takes…seriously 3. was absorbedin 4. focus on 5. made up his mind 6. driving me crazy 7.ranging from… to 8. at her best 9. Lighten up 10.kepther eyes onV.1.C 2.M 3.F 4.I 5. E 6.B 7. H 8.J 9.A 10.KSentence StructureVI.1. It rained for two weeks on end completely flooding thevillage.2. Not wanting to meet John at the party, she refused toattend it.3. The bus arrived one hour late, causing me to miss thebeginning of the game.4. The marine sat thee in the dimly lit ward, holding theold man"s hand and offering words of hope and strength.5. Realizing he was too sick to tell whether or not I washis son, I guessed he really needed me.VII.1. I was so excited about going traveling (that) I couldn"t sleep.2. The chairman became so angry with his secretary (that)he decided to fire him.3. She speaks English so well (that) you would think itwas he native language.4. He was so frightened (that) he broke eye contact andlooked out the window.5. His presentation was so interesting (that) everyonelistened very carefully.TranslationVII.1. she was so absorbed in reading the book that she wasnot conscious of someone coming in.2. He was late for almost an hour for the first meeting,leaving a bad impression on everyone.3. Consciously or unconsciously, we make up our mindsabout people through their eyes, faces, bodies, andattitudes.4. Professor Zhou was committed to the cause of languageteaching all his life.5. Many how-to books advise you that if you want to makea good impression, the trick is to be consistently you,at your best.6. The media sometimes sends mixed messages, but mostpeople believe what they see over what they hear.IX.1. 史密斯教授关于形体语言的讲座非常重要,所有的学生都认真地对待这次讲座。2. 董事长意识到这不是好的过错,对好笑了笑来缓和气氛。3. 她大怒,把我的杯子摔在地上,摔得粉碎。4. 观察他的形体语言,你可以判断出他是在跟你说实话还是仅仅找个借口敷衍你。5. 不管人们对你说些什么,记住“观其行胜于闻其言”。6. 肢体动作是表达感情的无意识形式,能向观众传递某种信息。Cloze20.BX.1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C11.B 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.A 20.BStructured WritingXII.Body language is important in many cases: trying to winan election, addressing a family party, talking businessat a conference, or giving a seminar at school.Reading SkillsI.1. Besides speech, people use other forms to communicate.2. We communicate a great deal with our body movements.3. The clothes you wear also communicate many things.4. Small ornaments you wear communicate many things, too.5. A wealth of information from body language makes snapjudgments seem sound.Comprehension of the TextII.1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.DVocabularyIII.1. status 2. sign 3. resented 4. promoted 5. assuming6. estimate 7. campaign 8. judgment 9. acquainted 10.normsIV.1. account for 2. in part 3. is content with 4. feel athome 5. lack of6. in relation to 7. become acquainted with 8. pick up 9.find out 10. a wealth of9.to 10.for
2023-06-12 21:33:591

emily s parents gave her new bag which she can什么?

新视野大学英语(第2版)第1册Unit 1答案 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunitiesIV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.withV. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.CSentence StructureVI.1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor.2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down.3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family.4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite.5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry.VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours.2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English.3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours.5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company.TranslationVIII.1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply.2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless.3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need.5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her.6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师,是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他,我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识,你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅。3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题,而且要写自己感兴趣的东西,例如,给朋友写电子邮件。4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言,也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由,但与其他课程比,这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.BStructured WritingXII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language. It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I came across. I also managed my time carefully so that I met the standards of the course and finished assignments on time. After years of persistence, I reaped the benefits of all my hard work.Section BReading Skills1. 1.C 2.B 3.D 4. A 5. BComprehension of the TextII. 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.DVocabulary1. community 2. effective 3. unique 4. committed 5. reinforce 6. perspective 7. explicit 8. challenge 9. hindered 10. aroseIV. 1. for 2. with 3. on 4. on 5. on 6. of 7. in 8. up 9. of 10.In新视野大学英语(第2版)第1册Unit 2答案 III. 1. appeals 2. identity 3. concern 4. disgusting 5. upset 6. influence 7. offensive 8. burst 9. stuff 10. thoroughIV. 1. off/ down 2. off 3. as 4. on 5. for 6. on/upon 7. to 8. over 9. in 10.ofV. 1.H 2.F 3.D 4.K 5.B 6.C 7.L 8.I 9.O 10. NSentence StructureVI.1. Kate saw her brother Bill as she was getting off the school bus. Or: As she was getting off the school bus, Kate saw her brother Bill.2. As she was standing up from he seat, mother dropped the glass to the ground. Or: Mother dropped the glass to the ground as she was standing up from her seat.3. A policeman fired at a thief as the thief was bolting out of the house. Or: As the thief was bolting out of the house, a policeman fired at him.4. As she ran to catch the school bus, Sandy thought of her talk with her mother. Or: Sandy thought of he talk with her mother as she ran to catch the school bus.5. As the teacher entered the classroom, all the students shouted “Happy birthday” to him. Or: All the students shouted “Happy Birthday” to him as the teacher entered the classroom.VII. 1. She listened to her favorite rock music while singing along with the words.2. She was putting on her jeans while asking me to hand her the sweater.3. He banged on the door while opening it.4. In the bathroom she put on some makeup while looking in the mirror.5. The schoolmaster shot an angry glance at the naughty first grader while talking with his parents.Translation:VIII.1. As she was about to turn off the music, her father burst into he room and shouted at her, “Can"t you turn down the music a little bit?”2. the owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancing while pretending not to.3. Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turned it up, paying no attention to her father"s objection.4. As usual, when his parents don"t like what he wears, they start bugging him.5. At the meeting they discussed how to keep the lines of communication open between teachers and students.6. It makes my blood boil to think of these young boys and girls who are forced by their parents to beg for money along the streets.IX. 1. 我认为那些在镇上游手好闲、在身上又文身又穿洞的青少年是在表达他们的个性。2. 因特网提供了一种更快捷的方式,让我们与全球的新老客户取得联系,并保持沟通渠道畅通无阻。3. 父母与自己十多岁的孩子的沟通问题不仅仅在于“代沟”,而且还在于双方都不完全理解对方的思想。4. 当父母与子女有了这类沟通障碍时,青少年面临的问题可能更大。5. 青少年常常要经历这么一个阶段,在这个阶段,他们觉得父母会让他们没面子,害怕他们达不到自己朋友的标准。6. 比如,青少年希望在外呆到很晚,但是当第二天早上要起床上学时,那又是另一回事了。ClozeX. 1. B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.CStructured WritingXII. The first thing you should do t make tea is to boil water. While waiting for it to boil, you can get your teapot out and put the right amount of tea leaves into it. When the water has come to boil, pour it into the teapot. Then wait for a few minutes to let the leaves steep. Next? Enjoy the tea. Section BReading skillsI. 1.F 2.F 3.O 4.O 5.F plus O 6.O 7.O 8.OComprehension of the TextII. 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A VocabularyIII.1. entitled 2. ruin 3. evaluate 4. trend 5. attitude 6. tend 7. curiosity 8. applying 9. response 10. conceptIV. 1. to 2. in 3. between 4.about 5. across 6.to 7.to 8.in 9.to 10.for
2023-06-12 21:34:094

锚杆和锚桩的区别在哪?

简单点说,锚杆指单根的,锚桩是两根以上的,也称锚筋桩,一般由3根钢筋(锚杆)成品字型焊接而成。
2023-06-12 21:34:242

锚杆长什么样的 有没有图解、

锚杆,英文“Bolt”;“bolting(准确称谓)”;“anchor(早期称谓)”是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩加固在一起,使围岩自身支护自身。现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主体加固。锚杆作为深入地层的受拉构件,它一端与工程构筑物连接,另一端深入地层中,整根锚杆分为自由段和锚固段,自由段是指将锚杆头处的拉力传至锚固体的区域,其功能是对锚杆施加预应力。
2023-06-12 21:34:341

隧道毛锚杆的垫片起什么作用

受力支撑和应力分散作用。简单来说,有垫片的锚杆一般都是要加预应力的,如果说是采用螺帽施加应力的一般必须加垫片。
2023-06-12 21:34:513

monelk-500是什么材质

Monel K500其实是具有与Monel400相当的耐蚀性能,但是相比400具有更高的机械强度和硬度。还有较好的耐热腐蚀性能和长期组织稳定性。但塑性比其稍有降低,Monel K500 对比Monel400此合金含有质量分数为2.3%~3.15%的铝AL和0.3%~1.00%的钛Ti,不同地方加入量有所区别。Monel K500的化学成分:碳C: ≤0.25,镍Ni:63~67,铝Al:≤2-4,钛Ti:≤0.25-1.00,铁Fe: ≤ 2.0,锰Mn: ≤1.5,硅Si: ≤1.00,铜Cu: 余量 ,硫S: ≤ 0.01,镁Mg0.08~0.12。
2023-06-12 21:35:0411

新视野大学英语读写1的答案

for的意思
2023-06-12 21:37:007

隧道四级围岩超前锚杆的间距取多少。

环×纵 1.2m*1.2m
2023-06-12 21:37:194

锚杆(锚索)拉力一般为多少吨

R25锚杆有15吨18吨两种,R27锚杆约为18吨,R32为25吨,R38为350吨,R51为50吨,铁道部有一个部标,与这个略为有点差异
2023-06-12 21:37:302

关于锚杆的知识

先说下锚杆的基础知识,英文“Bolt”;"bolting(准确称谓)"; "anchor(早期称谓)" 锚杆是当代煤矿当中巷道支护的最基本的组成部分,他将巷道的围岩束缚在一起,使围岩自身支护自身. 现在锚杆不仅用于矿山,也用于工程技术中,对边坡,隧道,坝体进行主动加固。 锚杆作为深入地层的受拉构件,它一端与工程构筑物连接,另一端深入地层中,整根锚杆分为自由段和锚固段,自由段时指将锚杆头处的拉力传至锚固体区域,其功能是对锚杆施加预应力;锚固段时指水泥浆体将预应力筋与土层粘结的区域,其功能是将锚固体与土层的粘结摩擦作用增大,增加锚固体的承压作用,将自由段的拉力传至土体深处。 锚杆根据其使用的材料可以分为:木锚杆,钢锚杆,玻璃钢锚杆等等。 按锚固方式分为:端锚固,加长锚固和全长锚固。。。还有我不是很清楚了,从网上学习到的一点,我们这有个新泰明宇支护材料公司,就是做锚杆的!你可以问他下
2023-06-12 21:37:442