仁爱初中英语要求掌握的动词（原型-过去式-过去分词）

初中英语常用不规则动词分类表

1.AAA

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

cost cost cost 花费

cut cut cut 割，切

hurt hurt hurt 受伤

hit hit hit 打，撞

let let let 让

put put put 放下

read read read 读

set set set 安排，安置

spread spread spread 展开，传播，涂

spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,

shut shut shut 关上, 闭起,停止营业

2.ABB

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

beat beat beaten 打败

3.ABA

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

become became become 变

come came come 来

run ran run 跑

4.ABB

（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

burn burnt burnt 燃烧

deal dealt dealt 解决

dream dreamed/dreanmt dreamed/dreanmt 做梦

hear heard heard 听见

hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，悬挂

learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习

light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃, 照亮

mean meant meant 意思

prove [pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验

shine shone/shined shone/shined 使照耀，使发光

show showed showed/shown 展示, 给...看

smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt 闻, 嗅

speed sped [sped]/speeded sped /speeded 加速

spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt 拼写

wake waked/woke waked/woken 醒来，叫醒, 激发

（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

build built built 建筑

lend lent lent 借给

rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 改建, 重建

send sent sent 送

spend spent spent 花费

（3）原形→ought →ought

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

bring brought brought 带来

buy bought bought 买

fight fought fought 打架

think thought thought 思考,想

(4) 原形→aught →aught

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

catch caught caught 捉,抓

teach taught taught 教

（5）变其中一个元音字母

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

dig dug dug 掘(土), 挖 (洞、沟等)

feed fed fed 喂

find found found 发现，找到

get got got/gotten 得到

hold held held 拥有，握住，支持

lead led led 引导, 带领, 领导

meet met met 遇见

sit sat sat 坐

shoot shot shot 射击

spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,

stick stuck stuck 插进, 刺入, 粘住,

win won won 赢

（6）原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

feel felt felt 感到

keep kept kept 保持

leave left left 离开

sleep slept slept 睡觉

sweep swept swept 扫

(7)其它

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

lay laid laid 下蛋, 放置

pay paid paid 付

say said said 说

stand stood stood 站

understand understood understood 明白

lose lost lost 失去

have had had 有

make made made 制造

sell sold sold 卖

tell told told 告诉

retell retold retold 重讲，重复，复述

5.ABC

（1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

blow blew blown 吹

drive drove driven 驾驶

draw drew drawn 画画

eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下

give gave given 给

grow grew grown 生长

forgive forgot forgiven 原谅, 饶恕

know knew known 知道

mistake mistook mistooken 弄错; 误解,

overeat ["u0259uvu0259"i:t] overate overeaten (使)吃过量

prove [pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验

take took taken 拿

throw threw thrown 抛，扔

ride rode ridden 骑

see saw seen 看见

show showed showed/shown 展示

write wrote written 写

（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

break broke broken 打破

choose chose chosen 选择

get got got/gotten 得到

hide hid hidden 隐藏

forget forgot forgotten 忘记

freeze froze frozen 冷冻,结冰，感到严寒

speak spoke spoken 说

steal stole stolen 偷

(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。

[i→a →u]

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

begin began begun 开始

drink drank drunk 喝

sing sang sung 唱

sink sank sunk 下沉, 沉没

swim swam swum 游泳

ring rang rung 打电话

（4）其它

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

be(am, is, are) was/ were been 是

bear bore born/borne 负担, 忍受

do did done 做

fly flew flown 飞

go went gone 去

lie lay lain 躺

wear wore worn 穿

AB型

can could shall should

will would may might

AAA型

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hit hit hit

hurt hurt hurt

let let let

must must must

put put put

set set set

shut shut shut

read read read

AAB型

beat beat beaten

ABA型

become became become

come came come

run ran run

ABB型

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

think thought thought

catch caught caught

teach taught taught

build built built

lend lent lent

send sent sent

spend spent spent

dig dug dug

hang hung hung

feel felt felt

keep kept kept

sleep slept slept

sweep swept swept

leave left left

smell smelt smelt

spill spilt spilt

lay laid laid

pay paid paid

say said said

sell sold sold

tell told told

sit sat sat

spit spat spat

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

learn learnt learnt

mean meant meant

spoil spoilt spoilt

shine shone shone

win won won

have had had

make made made

hear heard heard

find found found

hold held held

ABC型

begin began begun

drink drank drunk

ring rang rung

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

swim swam swum

blow blew blown

fly flew flown

grow grew grown

know knew known

throw threw thrown

draw drew drawn

show showed shown

break broke broken

choose chose chosen

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

speak spoke spoken

wake woke woken

drive drove driven

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

give gave given

hide hid hidden

ride rode ridden

rise rose risen

take took taken

mistake mistook mistaken

write wrote written

am,is was been

are were been

do did done

go went gone

lie lay lain

see saw seen

wear wore worn

易错型

show showed shown

draw drew drawn

fall fell fallen

feel felt felt

hold held held

help helped helped

think thought thought

thank thanked thanked

take took taken

talk talked talked

get got got

forget forgot forgotten

meet met met

mean meant meant

hit hit hit

hide hid hidden

ring rang rung

bring brought brought

eat ate eaten

beat beat beaten

lie lay lain

lay laid laid

find found found

found founded founded

buy bought bought

bring brought brought

learn learnt learnt

hear heard heard

动词过去式、过去分词不规则变化

AB型

can could shall should

will would may might

AAA型

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hit hit hit

hurt hurt hurt

let let let

must must must

put put put

set set set

shut shut shut

read read read

AAB型

beat beat beaten

ABA型

become became become

come came come

run ran run

ABB型

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

think thought thought

catch caught caught

teach taught taught

build built built

lend lent lent

send sent sent

spend spent spent

dig dug dug

hang hung hung

feel felt felt

keep kept kept

sleep slept slept

sweep swept swept

leave left left

smell smelt smelt

spill spilt spilt

lay laid laid

pay paid paid

say said said

sell sold sold

tell told told

sit sat sat

spit spat spat

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

learn learnt learnt

mean meant meant

spoil spoilt spoilt

shine shone shone

win won won

have had had

make made made

hear heard heard

find found found

hold held held

ABC型

begin began begun

drink drank drunk

ring rang rung

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

swim swam swum

blow blew blown

fly flew flown

grow grew grown

know knew known

throw threw thrown

draw drew drawn

show showed shown

break broke broken

choose chose chosen

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

speak spoke spoken

wake woke woken

drive drove driven

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

give gave given

hide hid hidden

ride rode ridden

rise rose risen

take took taken

mistake mistook mistaken

write wrote written

am,is was been

are were been

do did done

go went gone

lie lay lain

see saw seen

wear wore worn

易错型

show showed shown

draw drew drawn

fall fell fallen

feel felt felt

hold held held

help helped helped

think thought thought

thank thanked thanked

take took taken

talk talked talked

get got got

forget forgot forgotten

meet met met

mean meant meant

hit hit hit

hide hid hidden

ring rang rung

bring brought brought

eat ate eaten

beat beat beaten

lie lay lain

lay laid laid

find found found

found founded founded

buy bought bought

bring brought brought

learn learnt learnt

hear heard heard