春节的英语怎么写 怎么写春节的英语

中国传统节日中英对照1.New Year"s Day 元旦(1月1日)2.Spring Festival;Chinese New Year"s Day 春节(农历一月一日)3.Lantern Festival 元宵节(农历一月十五日)4.International Working Women"s Day 国际劳动妇女节(3月8日)5.Arbor Day 植树节(3月12日)6.Postal Day 邮政节(3月20日)7.World Meteorology Day 世界气象节(3月23日)8.Ching Ming Festival ;Tomb-sweeping Festival 清明节(4月5日)9.International Labour Day 国际劳动节(5月1日)10.Chinese Youth Day 中国青年节(5月4日)11.Nurses" Festival 护士节(5月12日)12.Dragon Boat Festival 端午节(农历五月初五)13.International Children"s Day 国际儿童节(6月1日)14.The Party"s Brithday 中国共产党成立纪念日(7月1日)15.The Army"s Day 建军节(8月1日)16.Mid-Autumn (Moon)Festival 中秋节(农历八月十五)17.Teacher"s Day 教师节(9月10日)18.Double-ninth Day 重阳节(农历九月九日)19.National Day 国庆节(10月1日)20.New Year"s Eve 除夕(农历十二月三十日)中国常见传统活动中英对照过年 celebrate the spring festival春联 spring festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 new year paintings买年货 do shopping for the spring festival ; do spring festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (people scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.)舞狮 lion dance (the lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay new year"s call; give new year"s greetings; pay new year"s visit禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift culture note: in the old days, new year"s money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning年糕 nian-gao; rise cake; new year cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on new year"s eve饺子 jiao-zi; chinese meat ravioli

关于春节的英文单词：1、春节 The Spring Festival2、农历 lunar calendar3、正月 lunar January;4、除夕 New Year"s Eve;5、初一 the beginning of New Year6、元宵节 The Lantern Festival7、烟花 fireworks8、爆竹 firecrackers9、红包 red packets10、舞狮 lion dance11、舞龙 dragon dance12、过年 have the Spring Festival13、春联 Spring Festival couplets14、剪纸 paper-cuts15、年画 New Year paintings16、买年货 do Spring Festival shopping17、敬酒 propose a toast18、灯笼 lantern19、戏曲 traditional opera20、杂耍 variety show21、灯谜 riddles written on lanterns22、灯会 exhibit of lanterns23、守岁 staying-up24、拜年 pay New Year"s call25、农历 lunar calendar26、禁忌 taboo27、去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune28、祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors28、压岁钱 gift money30辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year31、扫房 spring cleaning32、年糕 Nian-gao33、团圆饭 family reunion dinner34、年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve35、饺子 dumpling36、汤圆 Tang-yuan37、八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding38、糖果盘 candy tray39、什锦糖 assorted candies40、蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon

啥意思？全民she。

spring festival

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　　春节是指汉字文化圈传统上的农历新年，俗称“年节”，传统名称为新年、大年、新岁，但口头上又称度岁、庆新岁、过年，是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。那么，你知道是什么吗? 　　春节的英文释义： 　　Spring Festival 　　Chinese New Year 　　the Spring Festival 　　TET 　　春节的英文例句： 　　感觉好像春节已经到了似的! 　　It feels like spring festival already! 　　他要在春节期间拜访叔叔。 　　He is to visit his uncle during the Spring Festival. 　　我们都沉浸在春节的欢乐之中。 　　We all immersed in the gaiety of the Spring Festival. 　　中国孩子会在春节前买很多鞭炮。 　　Chinese children like to buy many firecrackers before the Spring Festival. 　　大家可能对春节里的饭菜很熟悉了，但是，你知道在春节宴会上如何做到举止得体吗? 　　But do you really know how to behave properly at such an important meal? 　　以前春节买车票总是非常的贵，但是又必须回家，所以。 　　We had to pay through the nose for the tickets. 　　我哥哥每到春节都送给我礼物。 　　My elder brother always remembers me at the spring festival. 　　在中国你们什么时候过春节? 　　When do you celebrate the spring festival in china? 　　他问我们是否为春节订了计划。 　　He asks whether we have ordered the plan for the spring festival. 　　你到哪里去过春节? 　　Where are you going to celebrate the spring festival? 　　离春节只有一周了。 　　The Spring Festival is only a week away. 　　我心中回忆起去年的春节。 　　My mind flashed back to last Spring Festival. 　　我哥哥每到春节都送给我礼物。 　　My elder brother always remembers me at the spring festival. 　　春节即农历新年。 　　The Spring Festival is the lunar New Year. 　　春节期间，你是不是每天都在忙着访亲探友呢? 　　Are you busy visiting relatives and friends during the Spring Festival? 　　从这一点上也说明了中国春节与农业的关系。 　　It also explains the relationship between Chinese Spring Festival with agriculture. 　　为什么春节期间总是涨价呢? 　　Why do prices always go up during Spring festival? 　　春节是什么时候? 　　When is spring festival? 　　今年二月，春节期间的一个晚上，作为对父母要求他结婚的激烈 *** ，他把自己的头撞向一堵墙。 　　One night, during the Spring Festival in February, he banged his head into a wallin a dramatic protest against his parents" pressure to marry. 　　随着中国最隆重的春节聚餐和烟花爆竹气氛淡下来，环保人士已经发起了新一轮行动，说服消费者更加负责地消费。 　　As China winds down from its biggest ever binge of spring festival feasting andfireworks, environmentalists have launched a new drive to persuade consumersto spend more responsibly. 　　就像现在一些欧洲人庆祝春节一样，中国人庆祝圣诞节也不足为奇。 　　Just like some Europeans celebrate Spring Festival nowadays, it`s no wonder thatChinese celebrate Christmas. 　　但是从那时起，每逢春节，我就想起那盏小桔灯。 　　But I recall the little orange lamp every Chinese New Year. 　　如中国最重要的节日是春节也叫过年一样，美国最大众的节日就是圣诞节。 　　A Whereas the most important holiday in China is Spring Festival also known asthe Chinese New Year, America"s most popular holiday is Christmas. 　　当她春节拜访我故乡的时候,她自豪地告诉我这些日子她是"绿色的天使活动"的成员. 　　When she visited my hometown during the Spring Festival ,she proudly told methat she is part of the "Green Angles Campaign"these days. 　　但是从那时起，每逢春节，我就想起那盏小桔灯。 　　But since then, every Spring Festival, I will think of the *** all orange lantern. 　　其实，早在春节前半个月左右，人们就开始忙碌著做各种准备。 　　In fact, half month before Spring Festival, people are already busy with all kinds ofpreparations. 　　春节期间的走家串门也变得难以忍受，尤其是当亲戚们纷纷逼问他为什么到30岁还不结婚时更是如此。 　　Visits home during the Chinese New Year have bee unbearable, especiallywhen relatives pepper him with questions about why he is still unmarried at 30. 　　包括周末在内，仅仅还有5天时间可以用来 *** 节礼物。 　　Including weekends,there are only 5 more days to buy Spring Festival presents. 　　春节期间，你是不是每天都在忙着访亲探友呢? 　　 you busy visiting relatives and friends during Spring Festival ? 　　对春节，也就是中国新年的记忆可能是最激动人心的了。 　　Probably the most spectacular memory is of Spring Festival, the Chinese New Year.

　　春节是我国传统节日，随着汉文化在西方的广泛流传，春节也成为西方人熟知喜爱的节日，春节用英语怎么说呢?我为您解答，欢迎阅读。 　 　春节用英语怎么说 　 　 1. Spring Festival 　　 2. the Spring Festival 　　 3. chinese new year 　　 　 　春节英语词汇 　　 春节 The Spring Festival 　　农历 lunar calendar 　　正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar 　　除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year 　　初一 the beginning of New Year 　　过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 　　 我特别推荐 　　 我特别推荐

spring festival

中国传统节日中英对照1.New Year"s Day 元旦(1月1日) 2.Spring Festival;Chinese New Year"s Day 春节(农历一月一日) 3.Lantern Festival 元宵节(农历一月十五日) 4.International Working Women"s Day 国际劳动妇女节(3月8日) 5.Arbor Day 植树节(3月12日) 6.Postal Day 邮政节(3月20日) 7.World Meteorology Day 世界气象节(3月23日) 8.Ching Ming Festival ;Tomb-sweeping Festival 清明节(4月5日) 9.International Labour Day 国际劳动节(5月1日) 10.Chinese Youth Day 中国青年节(5月4日) 11.Nurses" Festival 护士节(5月12日) 12.Dragon Boat Festival 端午节(农历五月初五) 13.International Children"s Day 国际儿童节(6月1日) 14.The Party"s Brithday 中国共产党成立纪念日(7月1日) 15.The Army"s Day 建军节(8月1日) 16.Mid-Autumn (Moon)Festival 中秋节(农历八月十五) 17.Teacher"s Day 教师节(9月10日) 18.Double-ninth Day 重阳节(农历九月九日) 19.National Day 国庆节(10月1日) 20.New Year"s Eve 除夕(农历十二月三十日)中国常见传统活动中英对照过年 celebrate the spring festival春联 spring festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 new year paintings买年货 do shopping for the spring festival ; do spring festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers (people scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.) 红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) 舞狮 lion dance (the lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戏曲 traditional opera 杂耍 variety show 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay new year"s call; give new year"s greetings; pay new year"s visit 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift culture note: in the old days, new year"s money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 年糕 nian-gao; rise cake; new year cake 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 年夜饭 the dinner on new year"s eve 饺子 jiao-zi; chinese meat ravioli

它的英语应该是 Happyu2006Nu2006eu2006wu2006Yu2006eu2006au2006r ，应春节期间的庆祝活动极为丰富多样，有舞狮、飘色、耍龙、游神、押舟、年例、逛庙会、逛花街、赏花灯、烧烟花，也有踩高跷、跑旱船、扭秧歌等等。祭祀神灵、祖先习俗盛行于南方沿海一带，承袭古时习俗，春节期间多地有举行隆重盛大的报祭天地神恩、迎禧祈福等祭祝祈年活动，内容丰富，热闹喜庆，年味浓郁。春节期间贴春联、守岁、吃团年饭、拜年等各地皆有之，但因风土人情的不同，细微处又各有其特色。春节民俗形式多样、内容丰富，是中华民族的生活文化精粹的集中展示，凝聚着中华文明的思想精华。

Spring Festival

The Spring Festival is the Chinese Lunar New Year, the Spring Festival has a long history, from the ancient times of the year to worship evolved.The origin of the Spring Festival contains profound cultural connotations and carries rich historical and cultural deposits in the process of inheritance and development.During the Spring Festival, all over the country are held a variety of activities to celebrate the Spring Festival, with strong regional characteristics.These activities to wipe out the old, exorcise evil and repel disaster, worship god and worship ancestors, nafu pray as the main content.The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation.春节即中国农历新年，春节历史悠久，由上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来。春节的起源蕴含着深邃的文化内涵，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。在春节期间，全国各地均有举行各种庆贺新春活动，带有浓郁的各地地域特色。这些活动以除旧布新、驱邪攘灾、拜神祭祖、纳福祈年为主要内容。百节年为首，春节是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。古代春节习俗宋代时民间开始普遍用纸筒和麻茎裹火药编成串做成“编炮”（即鞭炮）。除夕、春节放爆竹之俗便逐渐盛行。《东京梦华录》说：“是夜，禁中爆竹山呼，闻声于外。”明代，接灶神、贴门神、除夕守岁、十五赏灯会已经盛行。《万历嘉兴府志》中记载：“除夕，易门神、桃符、春帖，井隈皆封。爆竹，燔紫，设酒果聚饮，锣鼓彻夜，谓之守岁。”清代非常重视过年，宫廷过年十分奢华，皇帝有写福字下赐群臣的习俗。过年要一直延续至元宵佳节才算结束，猜灯谜是甚为流行的取乐方式。

用英文描述春节如下：1、春节一般指除夕和正月初一。Spring Festival generally refers to new year"s Eve and the first day of the first month.2、传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五。In the traditional sense, the Spring Festival refers to the period from the wax sacrifice on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the sacrificial stove on the 23rd or 24th day of the twelfth lunar month to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.3、是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，也象征团结、兴旺，对未来寄托新的希望的佳节。It is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese people. It also symbolizes unity, prosperity and new hope for the future.4、据记载，中国人民过春节已有4千多年的历史，它是由虞舜兴起的。According to records, the Chinese people have celebrated the Spring Festival for more than 4000 years. It was raised by Yu Shun.5、春节不同时代有不同名称。在先秦时叫“上日”、“元日”、“改岁”、“献岁”等。The Spring Festival has different names in different times. In the pre Qin period, it was called "Shangri", "Yuanri", "gaisui", "xiansui" and so on.

Spring Festival is the most important festival in China，Children like the festival very much，because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .春节是中国非常重要的一个节日，中国的小孩都很喜欢这个节日，因为每到这个时候他们就能够吃到好吃的好吃的食物以及穿上新衣服。什么是春节：春节（Spring Festival），即中国农历新年，俗称新春、新岁、岁旦等，口头上又称过年、过大年。春节历史悠久，由上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来。万物本乎天、人本乎祖，祈岁祭祀、敬天法祖，报本反始也。春节的起源蕴含着深邃的文化内涵，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。在春节期间，全国各地均有举行各种庆贺新春活动，带有浓郁的各地地方特色。这些活动以除旧布新、驱邪攘灾、拜神祭祖、纳福祈年为主要内容，形式丰富多彩，凝聚着中华传统文化精华。百节年为首，春节是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。受到中华文化的影响，世界上一些国家和地区也有庆贺新春的习俗。据不完全统计，已有近20个国家和地区把中国春节定为整体或者所辖部分城市的法定节假日。春节与清明节、端午节、中秋节并称为中国四大传统节日。春节民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

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作文思路：首先叙述立春在古时候的重要意义，然后详细阐述了由立春逐渐演变出来春节。在传统的农耕社会，立春岁首具有重要的意义，衍生了大量与之相关的岁首节俗文化。虽然此后由于在历史发展中阴阳合历历法制度的推广，节令与节日发生了分离，但许多节令民俗仍旧保留了下来。In the traditional farming society, the beginning of spring is of great significance, which has derived a large number of popular culture related to it. Since then, due to the promotion of the Yin Yang calendar system in the historical development, festivals and festivals have been separated, but many festival customs still remain.春节是由岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来，上古时代人们在春回大地、终而复始、万象更新的岁首，举行祭祀活动报祭天地众神、祖先的恩德，驱邪攘灾、祈岁纳福。The Spring Festival evolved from the worship of praying for the new year at the beginning of the year. In ancient times, people held sacrificial activities at the beginning of the year when spring came back to the earth, and everything was renewed. They reported the gods and ancestors" kindness, exorcised evil spirits and disasters, prayed for blessings at the beginning of the year.古代的祭仪情形虽渺茫难晓，但还是可以从后世的节仪中寻找到一些古俗遗迹。如岭南部分地区沿承有在新年初一拜岁以及新年期间隆重盛大的拜神祭祖、驱邪纳福节仪活动，由此可见上古时代岁首祭祀的蛛丝马迹。Although the situation of ancient sacrificial rites is unknown, we can still find some traces of ancient customs from the later festivals. For example, in some areas of South of the five ridges, there are grand activities of worshiping gods and ancestors, exorcising evil spirits and accepting blessings on the first day of the new year and during the new year, which shows the traces of the sacrifice of the first year in ancient times.春节的起源和发展是一个逐渐形成，潜移默化地完善与普及的过程。春节文化作为中华传统文化的重要组成部分，承载着博大精深的中华文化底蕴，也记录着古代人们丰富多彩的社会生活文化内容。The origin and development of the Spring Festival is a gradual formation, imperceptibly perfect and popular process. Spring festival culture, as an important part of traditional Chinese culture, carries profound Chinese culture and records the rich and colorful social life and culture of ancient people.

春节是农历正月初一。春节的英语是Spring Festival。春节，即农历新年，是一年之岁首、传统意义上的年节。俗称新春、新年、新岁、岁旦、年禧、大年等，口头上又称度岁、庆岁、过年、过大年。春节历史悠久，由上古时代岁首祈年祭祀演变而来。万物本乎天、人本乎祖，祈年祭祀、敬天法祖，报本反始也。春节的起源蕴含着深邃的文化内涵，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。在春节期间，全国各地均有举行各种庆贺新春活动，带有浓郁的各地域特色，热闹喜庆的气氛洋溢；这些活动以除旧布新、驱邪攘灾、拜神祭祖、纳福祈年为主要内容，形式丰富多彩，凝聚着中华传统文化精华。在古代民间，人们从年末廿三或廿四的祭灶便开始忙年”了，新年到正月十九日才结束。在现代，人们把春节定于农历正月初一，但一般至少要到正月十五新年才算结束。节日交流问候传递着亲朋乡里之间的亲情伦理，它是人们增深感情的重要节日，是个欢乐祥和、亲朋好友欢聚的传统佳节。

春节在几月几日用英语翻译：“What is the date of Spring Festival?”，其中回答的例子：Spring Festival is on (month) ( day).春节的时间（农历正月初一）在公历1月21日至2月21日之间游动。“最早的春节”（如1966年的1月21日）和“最迟的春节”（如1985年的2月20日）相差整一个月。根据历法计算，如果农历不进行人为调整的话，2319年2月21日将迎来“史上最晚春节”，此前春节最迟出现在公历2月20日，为1920年和1985年。春节英语作文：spring festival is approaching, every household in hurry to buy hui-chun, paintings and so on. on this night, i and my mom went to the father"s father held a spring festival party.——春节快到了，家家户户都急着买回春、画等。那天晚上，我和妈妈去参加父亲的父亲举办的春节晚会。

1、春节的英文：the Spring Festival。2、Spring 读法 英 [spr??] 美 [spr??] 作名词的意思是：春天；弹簧；泉水；活力；跳跃；作形容词的意思是：春天的；作不及物动词的意思是：生长；涌出；跃出；裂开；作及物动词的意思是：使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开；3、短语：in spring 在春天；spring and autumn 春秋；hot spring 温泉；spring tide 大潮；涨潮。

关于春节的英文单词：1、春节 The Spring Festival2、农历 lunar calendar3、正月 lunar January;4、除夕 New Year"s Eve;5、初一 the beginning of New Year6、元宵节 The Lantern Festival7、烟花 fireworks8、爆竹 firecrackers9、红包 red packets10、舞狮 lion dance11、舞龙 dragon dance12、过年 have the Spring Festival13、春联 Spring Festival couplets14、剪纸 paper-cuts15、年画 New Year paintings16、买年货 do Spring Festival shopping17、敬酒 propose a toast18、灯笼 lantern19、戏曲 traditional opera20、杂耍 variety show21、灯谜 riddles written on lanterns22、灯会 exhibit of lanterns23、守岁 staying-up24、拜年 pay New Year"s call25、农历 lunar calendar26、禁忌 taboo27、去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune28、祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors28、压岁钱 gift money30辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year31、扫房 spring cleaning32、年糕 Nian-gao33、团圆饭 family reunion dinner34、年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve35、饺子 dumpling36、汤圆 Tang-yuan37、八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding38、糖果盘 candy tray39、什锦糖 assorted candies40、蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon拓展资料Blessings:1、金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home2、生意兴隆 Business flourishes3、岁岁平安 Peace all year round4、恭喜发财 Wishing you prosperity5、和气生财 Harmony brings wealth6、心想事成 May all your wishes come true7、吉祥如意 Everything goes well8、国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace9、招财进宝 Money and treasures will be plentiful10、一帆风顺 Wishing you every success11、步步高升 Promoting to a higher position12、出入平安 Safe trip wherever you go13、祝你新的一年快乐幸福: Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!14、事业成功，家庭美满: Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!

The Spring Festival 【春节】The Spring Festival,Chinese New Year,is the most important festival for all of us.All family members get together on New Year"Eve to have a big meal.【春节是中国的新年,对于我们每个人来说是很重要的节日.所有的家庭都在大年夜聚在一起吃团圆饭】At the same time,everyone celebrates to each other.At about 12 o"clock,some parents and children light crackers.The whole sky is lighted brightly.We may watch the fireworks excitedly.How busy it is!【同时,每个人也相互祝贺.大约到了12点,一些家长带着孩子就开始放爆竹了.天空被照亮,我们兴奋地看着烟火,这是多么的热闹!】On the first early morning of one year,parents citizen get up early and they stick the reversed Fu or hang some couplets on the front door.Some house"s windows are sticked on red paper cuttings.【在新年的第一个清晨,爸爸妈妈早早地起床,他们贴倒福或在门口挂一些对联.有些房子的窗户都贴着红色的剪纸.So during the Spring Festival ,we always visit our relatives from door to door.At that time,children are the happiest because they can get many red packets form their parents,grandparents,uncles,aunts and so on.春节期间内,我们常常会挨家挨户地拜访我们的亲戚.那时,孩子们是最幸福的,因为他们可以从自己的父母、祖父母、叔叔、阿姨等人那儿得到很多红包.】

SpringFestiva。春节不仅仅是我们中国的传统节日，世界上还有很多国家过春节，比如韩国，日本，马来西亚，越南，新加坡等，但各个国家都有自己的春节习俗。这些国家的春节，英文都是SpringFestival。1月1日是NewYear。春节是中国特色的新年，所以加民族属性Chinese，指中国的春节。

The spring Festival

问题一：春节用英语怎么写 spring festival 问题二：春节用英语怎么说 Spring Festival 问题三：春节用英语怎么说？ 。。。 问题四：英文翻译春节习俗 Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often visit friends and relatives or together eat dumplings, fish, meat and other delicious food. The children are looking forward to receiving red envelope money, and together they play each other the fireworks, with happy. Street with dragon and lion dance and some other carnival activities, CCTV will held the grand Spring Festival gala. 翻译：中国的春节庆祝冬天的结束和温暖春天的来临。它开始于农历年的最后一天，结束于农历正月十五，也就是元宵节。在春节期间，人们用红灯笼和春联装饰房子，穿上各式各样的彩色衣服，经常拜访亲戚朋友或聚在一起吃饺子、鱼、肉和其他美味的食物。孩子们盼望着收到红包的压岁钱，他们一起放烟花，相互玩的跟开心。大街上有舞龙、舞狮和其他一些狂欢活动，中央电视台会举行盛大的春节联欢晚会。 问题五：春节用英语怎么说 春节的英语是： Spring Festival

春节用英语说：Chinese New Year。春节是指汉字文化圈传统上的农历新年，俗称“年节”，传统名称为新年，大年，新岁，但口头上又称度岁，庆新岁，过年，是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。春节起源于殷商时期年头岁尾的祭神祭祖活动，是中国最盛大，最热闹，最重要的一个古老传统节日。在中国民间，传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五。

问题一：春节用英语怎么写 spring festival 问题二：春节用英语怎么说？ 。。。 问题三：在春节用英语怎么说 In Spring Festival. In Chinese Lunar New Year. 问题四：春节用英语怎么说 春节的英语是： Spring Festival 问题五：春节用英语怎么说 Spring Festival 问题六：关于春节的英语单词 春节 The Spring Festival 农历 lunar calendar 正月 lunar January; 除夕 New Year"s Eve; 初一 the beginning of New Year 元宵节 The Lantern Festival 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers 红包 red packets 舞狮 lion dance 舞龙 dragon dance 过年 have the Spring Festival 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 New Year paintings 买年货 do Spring Festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern 戏曲 traditional opera 杂耍 variety show 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Year"s call 农历 lunar calendar 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors 压岁钱 gift money 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning 年糕 Nian-gao 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve 饺子 dumpling 汤圆 Tang-yuan 八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding 糖果盘 candy tray 什锦糖 assorted candies 蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon 西瓜子 red melon seed 金桔 cumquat 糖莲子 candied lotus seed 糖藕 candied lotus root 红枣 red dates 花生糖 peanut candy 春节 The Spring Festival 农历 lunar calendar 正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar 除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year 初一 the beginning of New Year 元宵节 The Lantern Festival Customs: 过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 New Year paintings 买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Sprin......>> 问题七：英文翻译春节习俗 Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often visit friends and relatives or together eat dumplings, fish, meat and other delicious food. The children are looking forward to receiving red envelope money, and together they play each other the fireworks, with happy. Street with dragon and lion dance and some other carnival activities, CCTV will held the grand Spring Festival gala. 翻译：中国的春节庆祝冬天的结束和温暖春天的来临。它开始于农历年的最后一天，结束于农历正月十五，也就是元宵节。在春节期间，人们用红灯笼和春联装饰房子，穿上各式各样的彩色衣服，经常拜访亲戚朋友或聚在一起吃饺子、鱼、肉和其他美味的食物。孩子们盼望着收到红包的压岁钱，他们一起放烟花，相互玩的跟开心。大街上有舞龙、舞狮和其他一些狂欢活动，中央电视台会举行盛大的春节联欢晚会。 问题八：过春节用英文怎么说？ Celebrating the Chinese Spring Festival 问题九：我喜欢春节。用英语怎么说? I like the Spring Festival 问题十：用英语写春节的时间，怎么写 Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .In the evening before the Spring Festival ,families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .Children like the festival very much ,because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their parents. This money is given to children for good luck . People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

1、春节的英文：Spring Festival，英 [spru026au014b u02c8festu026avl] 美 [spru026au014b u02c8festu026avl]。 2、The Spring Festival is the lunar New Year. 春节即农历新年。 3、The Spring Festival is only a week away. 离春节只有一周了。 4、The whole family will get together at Spring Festival. 春节期间全家人都会聚在一起。

春节常用英文 过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 New Year paintings 买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern: a portable light 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding 糖果盘 candy tray 什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune 蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health 西瓜子 red melon seed - joy, happiness, truth and sincerity 金桔 cumquat - prosperity 糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come 糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship 红枣 red dates - prosperity 花生糖 peanut candy - sweet 春节英文介绍： The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.People usually decorate the doors and windows with red papercuts.becouse red means good luck.People usually clean house too.becouse they want to sweep away bad luck.Children can get some new clothes or presents from their parents and grandparents. On New Year"s Eve,family always have a big dinner.Everybody are watch TV and talk.In the midnight,there usually fairworks. On New Year"s Day,people usually put on their new clothes and visit their femily and friends.They usually say:Happy New Year"s Day. The Spring Festival finishes at the Lantern Festival after two weeks.People usually eat a kind of rice dumpling called yuanxiao.It can take people good luck all the year round. The Origin of Chinese New Year 中国春节的来历 The Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Begining of Spring (the first of the twenty-four terms in coodination with the changes of Nature). Its origin is too old to be traced. Several explanations are hanging around. All agree, however, that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese solely means year, was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year. One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very scared. One day, an old man came to their rescue, offering to subdue Nian. To Nian he said, I hear say that you are very capable, but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents? So, it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harrassed people and their domestic animals from time to time. After that, the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian. He turned out to be an immortal god. Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests, people begin to enjoy their peaceful life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each year"s end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again, because red is the color the beast feared the most. From then on, the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term Guo Nian, which may mean Survive the Nian becomes today Celebrate the (New) Year as the word guo in Chinese having both the meaning of pass-over and observe. The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration.

Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, the new Year was perhaps the most elaborate, colorful, and important.This was a time for the Chinese to congratulate each other and themselves on having passed through another year, a time to finish out the old, and to welcome in the new year.Common expressions heard at this time are: GUONIAN to have made it through the old year, and BAINIAN to congratulate the new year.Like all Chinese festivals, the date of the New Year is determined by the lunar calendar rather than the Western calendar. Its origin is too old to be traced, but many believe the word Nian, which means "year", was the name of a beast that preyed on people on the eve of a new year

春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January;除夕 New Year"s Eve;初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern Festival烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers红包 red packets舞狮 lion dance舞龙 dragon dance过年 have the Spring Festival春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call农历 lunar calendar禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors压岁钱 gift money辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning年糕 Nian-gao团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve饺子 dumpling汤圆 Tang-yuan八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding糖果盘 candy tray什锦糖 assorted candies蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon西瓜子 red melon seed金桔 cumquat糖莲子 candied lotus seed糖藕 candied lotus root红枣 red dates花生糖 peanut candy春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern FestivalCustoms:过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festivalshopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loudpop.)红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune andwealth in the coming year.)舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bringgood luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern FestivalCustoms:过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.)舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift　年糕 Nian-gao; rise cake; New Year cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli;dumpling汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding糖果盘 candy tray:什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health西瓜子 red melon seed - joy, happiness, truth and sincerity金桔 cumquat - prosperity糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship红枣 red dates - prosperity花生糖 peanut candy - sweet

1、春节的英语单词：Spring Festival，英 [spru026au014b u02c8festu026avl] 美 [spru026au014b u02c8festu026avl]。 2、The Spring Festival is the lunar New Year. 春节即农历新年。 3、The Spring Festival is only a week away. 离春节只有一周了。 4、The whole family will get together at Spring Festival. 春节期间全家人都会聚在一起。

春节要来了英语翻译是：The Spring Festival is coming.春节（Spring Festival），即中国农历新年，俗称新春、新岁、岁旦等，口头上又称过年、过大年。春节历史悠久，由上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来。万物本乎天、人本乎祖，祈岁祭祀、敬天法祖，报本反始也。春节的起源蕴含着深邃的文化内涵，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。百节年为首，春节是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。受到中华文化的影响，世界上一些国家和地区也有庆贺新春的习俗。据不完全统计，已有近20个国家和地区把中国春节定为整体或者所辖部分城市的法定节假日。春节与清明节、端午节、中秋节并称为中国四大传统节日。春节民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。在春节期间，全国各地均有举行各种贺岁活动，各地因地域文化不同而又存在着习俗内容或细节上的差异，带有浓郁的各地域特色。春节期间的庆祝活动极为丰富多样，有舞狮、飘色、舞龙、游神、庙会、逛花街、赏花灯、游锣鼓、游标旗、烧烟花、祈福、掼春，也有踩高跷、跑旱船、扭秧歌等等。

春节的由来用英文怎么写？The origins of the Chinese New Year

春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January;除夕 New Year"s Eve;初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern Festival烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers红包 red packets舞狮 lion dance舞龙 dragon dance过年 have the Spring Festival春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call农历 lunar calendar禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors压岁钱 gift money辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning年糕 Nian-gao团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve饺子 dumpling汤圆 Tang-yuan八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding糖果盘 candy tray什锦糖 assorted candies蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon西瓜子 red melon seed金桔 cumquat糖莲子 candied lotus seed糖藕 candied lotus root红枣 red dates花生糖 peanut candy春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern FestivalCustoms:过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festivalshopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loudpop.)红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune andwealth in the coming year.)舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bringgood luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern FestivalCustoms:过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.)舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift年糕 Nian-gao; rise cake; New Year cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli;dumpling汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding糖果盘 candy tray:什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health西瓜子 red melon seed - joy, happiness, truth and sincerity金桔 cumquat - prosperity糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship红枣 red dates - prosperity花生糖 peanut candy - sweet希望能帮带你，满意望采纳哦

1、春节 The Spring Festival 2、 春节 Chinese new year 3、农历 lunar calendar 4、正月 lunar January; 5、除夕 New Years Eve; 6、初一 the beginning of New Year 7、元宵节 The Lantern Festival 8、春灯会春灯会Spring lamps festival 9、过年celebrate the spring festival 10、看春节联欢晚会Spring Festival Gala Evening

春节英文名：Spring Festival别称：新春节日时间：农历正月初一春节，中国四大传统节日之一，是传统上的农历新年。春节俗称“年节”，传统名称为新年、大年、新岁，但口头上又称度岁、庆新岁、过年。中国人过春节已有4000多年的历史。在现代，人们把春节定于农历正月初一，但一般至少要到正月十五（上元节）新年才算结束，在民间，传统意义上的春节是指从腊月的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十九。

　　 春节的英文 ： the Spring Festival! 　　 春节英文介绍 ： 　　The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.People usually decorate the doors and windows with red papercuts.becouse red means good luck.People usually clean house too.becouse they want to sweep away bad luck.Children can get some new clothes or presents from their parents and grandparents. 　　On New Year"s Eve,family always have a big dinner.Everybody are watch TV and talk.In the midnight,there usually fairworks. 　　On New Year"s Day,people usually put on their new clothes and visit their femily and friends.They usually say:"Happy New Year"s Day." 　　The Spring Festival finishes at the Lantern Festival after two weeks.People usually eat a kind of rice dumpling called yuanxiao.It can take people good luck all the year round. 　　The Origin of Chinese New Year 　　 中国春节的来历 　　The Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Begining of Spring (the first of the twenty-four terms in coodination with the changes of Nature). Its origin is too old to be traced. Several explanations are hanging around. All agree, however, that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese solely means "year", was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year. 　　One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very scared. One day, an old man came to their rescue, offering to subdue Nian. To Nian he said, "I hear say that you are very capable, but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents?" So, it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harrassed people and their domestic animals from time to time. 　　After that, the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian. He turned out to be an immortal god. Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests, people begin to enjoy their peaceful life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each year"s end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again, because red is the color the beast feared the most. 　　From then on, the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term "Guo Nian", which may mean "Survive the Nian" becomes today "Celebrate the (New) Year" as the word "guo" in Chinese having both the meaning of "pass-over" and "observe". The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration. 　　 春节常用英文 　　过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 　　对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 　　春联 Spring Festival couplets 　　剪纸 paper-cuts 　　年画 New Year paintings 　　买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping 　　敬酒 propose a toast 　　灯笼 lantern: a portable light 　　灯会 exhibit of lanterns 　　守岁 staying-up 　　拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit 　　禁忌 taboo 　　去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 　　祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one"s ancestors 　　压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift 　　辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 　　扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 　　八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding 　　糖果盘 candy tray 　　什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune 　　蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health 　　西瓜子 red melon seed - joy, happiness, truth and sincerity 　　金桔 cumquat - prosperity 　　糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come 　　糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship 　　红枣 red dates - prosperity 　　花生糖 peanut candy - sweet 　　 春节的英文祝福语 　　 --给父母亲 　　Mom and Dad: Thank you for everything this holiday season! 　　爸爸妈妈：值此佳节，感谢您们所给予的一切。 　　Warmest thoughts and best wishes from your daughter. 　　寄上无限的思念和最美好的祝愿，你们的女儿。 　　May you have the best season ever. 　　愿你过个最愉快的节日。 　　A New year greeting to cheer you from your daughter. 　　愿女儿的祝福带给您欢乐。 　　Happy New year to the world"s best parents! 　　祝世界上最好的父母节日快乐! 　　Season"s greetings to my dearest parents! 　　祝我最亲爱的父母节日愉快! 　　 --给师长 　　Much joy to you in the upcoming year. 　　愿您在新的一年充满快乐。 　　Thank you for your hard work and patience on this holiday season. 　　值此佳节，谨对您的辛勤栽培表示感谢。 　　May happiness follow you everywhere u2026just like we do. 　　愿快乐随时与您同在——如同我们与您寸步不离。 　　Wishing you and your family a very happy new year. 　　祝福您及全家新年快乐。 　　 --给朋友 　　A New Year greeting to cheer you, my good friend. 　　希望新年祝福给你带来欢乐，我的好朋友。 　　Take your passion and make it come true. 　　发挥你的热情，让理想变为现实。 　　Best of luck in the year to come. 　　愿你在未来的一年里，吉星高照。 　　Wish all the best wishes for you. 　　献上最美好的祝愿。 　　Wish many good wishes for the holidays and the coming year. 　　新的一年，向你献上最诚挚的祝福。 　　Wishing you all the blessings of a beautiful season. 　　愿你拥有美丽的新年所有的祝福。 　　May its blessings lead into a wonderful year for you and all whom you hold dear. 　　祝福你及你所爱的人新的一年中万事如意。 　　To wish you special joy at the holidays and all year. 　　祝你在节日和新的一年中享有无限的快乐。

关于春节的英文单词：1、春节 The Spring Festiva2、农历 lunar calendar3、正月 lunar January;4、除夕 New Year"s Eve;5、初一 the beginning of New Year6、元宵节 The Lantern Festival7、烟花 fireworks8、爆竹 firecrackers9、红包 red packets10、舞狮 lion dance11、舞龙 dragon dance12、过年 have the Spring Festival13、春联 Spring Festival couplets14、剪纸 paper-cuts15、年画 New Year paintings16、买年货 do Spring Festival shopping17、敬酒 propose a toast18、灯笼 lantern19、戏曲 traditional opera20、杂耍 variety show21、灯谜 riddles written on lanterns22、灯会 exhibit of lanterns23、守岁 staying-up24、拜年 pay New Year"s call25、农历 lunar calendar26、禁忌 taboo27、去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune28、压岁钱 gift money30辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year31、扫房 spring cleaning32、年糕 Nian-gao33、团圆饭 family reunion dinner34、年夜饭 the dinner on New Year"s Eve35、饺子 dumpling36、汤圆 Tang-yuan37、八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding

slim不打nba的原因是：1、slim街球是娱乐风格，有很多不正规的运球传球。2、没有经过专业训练，身体素质跟NBA专业人士比不了。格雷森·鲍彻（GraysonBoucher），1984年6月10日出生于美国萨勒姆，美国篮球运动员，巡回赛唯一的白人，也是最矮的选手。格雷森·鲍彻是美国传奇街球手，运球技术超群，被街球比赛的解说员称赞为“可以在赛场上教导对手”，因而获得了“教授”（TheProfessor）的称号。

寒假还在学习

package baidu.shape;abstract class Shape {//定义抽象父类Shape public double width; public double height; abstract double getArea(); //定义求解面积的方法}package baidu.shape;public class Rect extends Shape { @Override double getArea() { return width*height; }}package baidu.shape;public class Trangle extends Shape { double sideA; double sideB; double sideC; boolean isTrangel; public Trangle(double a,double b,double c) { sideA=a;sideB=b;sideC=c; if(a+b>c&&a+c>b&&b+c>a) { System.out.println("我是一个三角形"); isTrangel = true; } else { System.out.println("我不是一个三角形"); isTrangel = false; } } @Override double getArea() { double area = 0d; if(isTrangel) { double p=(sideA+sideB+sideC)/2.0; area=Math.sqrt(p*(p-sideA)*(p-sideB)*(p-sideC)); System.out.println("三角形面积是:"+area); } else { System.out.println("不是一个三角形，不能计算面积"); } return area; }}package baidu.shape;public class TestArea { public static void main(String[] args) { Shape rectangle = new Rect(); rectangle.height=1.1; rectangle.width=5.0; System.out.println("矩形的面积是："+rectangle.getArea()); //三角形 Shape tran = new Trangle(2.3,4.5,5.6); System.out.println("三角形的面积是："+tran.getArea()); }}运行结果：矩形的面积是：5.5我是一个三角形三角形面积是:4.966246067202064三角形的面积是：4.966246067202064

I like surfing the Internet ! ing表经常的,习惯性动作

两者区别如下:1、ps4slim价格会比ps4原版的贵一点。2、ps4和ps4 slim功能和性能完全一样，只是ps4 slim因为技术进步，一些电器元件整合了，所以体积变小，重量变轻，功耗稍微降低了。3、ps4原版的主板电源管理器的数量是ps4slim的2倍。并且配有更大的嗜热片来帮助整体平台的散热。4、ps4slim是5gwifi，ps4原版是2.4gwifi。ps4slim的USB口是3.0的。最重要是ps4slim的工艺比老ps原版4好，耗电低，噪音低。5、ps4slim优点是相当于ps4原版更省电，小巧便携，更静音，支持5g wifi，缺点没有光纤接口。6、ps4slim的嗜热片比原来的大了30%，比原来的更长并且更厚。铜芯线中间延伸出3根导热铜管，这3根导热铜管直接和顶部的嗜热片相连，通过这样的散热设计能够实现更强的散热能力。

一般是13%。

韦编三绝的意思：用来比喻读书勤奋，刻苦治学。韦编：用熟牛皮编织成绳把竹简串联起来；三：概数，表示多次；绝：断。典故：“韦编三绝”说的是孔子的故事。孔子在年少的时候非常勤奋好学，而且非常喜欢阅读《易经》。为了钻研《易经》的意义，孔子一遍又一遍翻阅，反反复复学习，一直到把意思弄懂为止，最终导致编联竹简的牛皮绳都多次脱断。春秋时期，由于纸张还没有被发明出来，书籍只能用竹子制作的“竹简”来记载。制作竹简的时候需要把竹子破成一根根竹签，接着用火把竹签烘干后就可以在上面写字了。一根竹签可以记载的字数有限，因此像《易经》这种篇幅的书就要用很多竹签，然后再用牛皮绳编联。孔子把编联竹简的牛皮绳都磨断了几次，说明他对《易经》的研究十分刻苦，花费了很多精力。因此他对《易经》中的精神、实质有了透彻的理解，后来他把对《易经》的研究心得写成了《十翼》。后人将《十翼》附在《易经》后面，将它作为《易经》的补充。成语寓意孔子之所以成为影响中国几千年的思想家，很大程度上在于他兼收并蓄，勤于学习，取众家之长，成一家之言。中国自古就崇尚读书，古人有关学习的动人故事很多，许多都成为经典成语，如：悬梁刺股、凿壁偷光、燃薪夜读、隔篱听讲、映雪读书、以荻画字……大多颂扬的是不畏条件简陋、环境艰苦，努力学习进取的精神。“韦编三绝”所颂扬的核心精神是学习应该勤奋。其实，除了勤奋和刻苦，古人读书也很讲究方式方法。“韦编三绝”指的是精读。苏轼也提倡一本书要反复读，但每次都要有不同的目的和重点。因为每次着眼点不同，收获也就不一样。而陶渊明则自称“好读书，不求甚解”，其着眼点并不是浮皮潦草，而是读书范围要广博，要讲方法，求效率。

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　　[摘 要] 图形组织器是一种可由学习者自由控制、功能强大的可视化学习工具。本文从学习工具的应用角度讨论了图形组织器的内涵、功能、理论基础、类型、选用和创建原则等基本问题,以期对图形组织器有一个基本认识。 　　[关键词] 图形组织器;功能;类型;选用框架;创建原则 　　[中图分类号] G43 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672―0008(2009)06-0061-06 　　 　　一、图形组织器的内涵 　　 　　简单说来,图形组织器(Graphic Organizers)是一种用于表现学习过程和结果的图形结构形式。作为一种学习工具,图形是形式,是载体,对学习的组织是目的,是关键。目前,国外对图形组织器的理解主要有两种视角。 　　1.外形特点的视角 　　图形组织器是指知识图、概念图、故事图、认知组织器、先行组织者或概念图示等[1]。如图形组织器是一种图解书面或口头陈述的图形方式,是表征信息的可视化方式[2],等等。 　　2.应用功能的视角 　　图形组织器具有广泛的应用领域和强大的功能。国外许多研究结合图形组织器的外形和内涵从多方面阐述了图形组织器的功能作用:(1)图形组织器是知识、概念或观点的可视化表征。它有助于学习者提高学习兴趣、激发动机、减低或释放厌倦感、提高回忆率、阐明信息、组织思维和促进理解[3] 。(2)图形组织器是用可视化方式表征信息的图形结构,可用于各种学习活动中,如头脑风暴、观点生成、分析信息、组织信息和表达发现等等[4]。(3)图形组织器是建构知识和组织信息的视图化方式。它有助于学习者将许多杂乱或弥散的信息转换或精炼为一种结构化的、便于阅读的图形化方式,其目的就是用易于理解的方式表达复杂信息[5]。(4)图形组织器是一种视觉化和图形化的表现方式,用以描述某一学习任务中事实之间、术语之间或观点之间的关系,具有系列的工具作用,如使学习者思维可视化,使学习者通过探索理解复杂内容的意义,用可视化的方式表征不同部分之间的连接和关系,如相似性、差异性、序列性等[6]。 　　对图形组织器内涵的理解关键要把握两大要义,其一,图形组织器是一种视图化或可视化的形式,如各种各样的图形或表格结构形式;其二,图形组织器的目的或功能是促进学习效果或效率,如分类、分析、比较、概念辨析、概括特点、头脑风暴或提高记忆或检索。 　　 　　二、图形组织器的功能 　　 　　图形组织器具有多方面的功能或作用,对不同类型的学习者来说都是一种理想的学习工具。俗话说,一幅图画胜过千言万语。 　　从学习者角度而言,有研究认为,图形组织器作为学习工具有助于使之成为一个投入型的学习者,增进学习动力、讲究学习策略、习惯交流协作和提高学习的责任感[7]。运用图形组织器,学习者通过精简归纳、聚焦强调、解释演绎等方式,有助于使复杂的、杂乱的信息变为有意义的表现形式;有助于引导信息搜集、目标锁定、展现所得、表现所缺的方式,保持探究学习活动的方向;通过聚焦思维或活动目标、识别相关站点或领域,起到思维导图的作用;通过创建图形组织器,可增进对学习内容的理解、促进对话协作、汇聚观点和提高决策力,等等[8]。 　　从促进学习者认知或思维活动发展的角度而言,有研究总结了图形组织器的10大功能:①总括文本内容(勾勒要点);②确定或阐释信息(运用图形辅助或图解);③表达理解(运用自己的语言复述);④确认和解释与文本相关的关键词汇;⑤考察分析文本(如要点、人物行为、问题解决、因果关系、事实/意见或观点);⑥文本推理(如完形阅读);⑦比较/对比(如人物、场景、事件);⑧对文本的感受(与个体经验或感情相关联);⑨选择(从目标出发选择恰当的参考资源);⑩验证对文本的理解(如通过预测结果或行为)[9]。 　　从学习工具的角度来理解,更有助于从实用的角度完整地把握图形组织器的功能。总括起来,图形组织器可作为如下系列学习工具: 　　(1)结构化或网络化工具。图形组织器有助于学习者结构化地展现事件、要素或观点的关联、模式和关系;有助于学习者围绕某一主题或论点组织素材或整合知识;有助于勾画所学内容的基本结构(基本概念以及概念之间的关系);描述与学习主题相关的已有知识结构,并在现有的知识结构加入新概念、新观点或新知识。按布鲁纳的结构教学理论来看,掌握学习内容的基本结构是有效学习的主要标志。 　　(2)记忆、储存与检索工具。好的图形组织器是知识的记忆、储存和检索方式,可以充当知识的寄居地或附带有效的线索提示;可以促进知识的长期记忆。记忆发生时,首先是编码,如能成为长时记忆,就可持久地储存,编码转换为事件或信息能成为持久的形式[10]。图形化的呈现方式能刺激学生大脑建立意义并与记忆建立联系。 　　(3)知识凝练与聚合工具。图形组织器高度浓缩大量的知识,提炼知识的核心内容,可以使学习者聚集相关研究以快速分辨哪些是他们更需要的信息,如,学习者可以带一个准备好的纲要或大纲去图书馆或上网查找资料[11]。 　　(4)内化与建构工具。当学习者把大量的数据、信息转换或凝练成某种图形组织器时,可以帮助理解和阐释,实现新旧知识的联系,促进同化与顺应,实现知识的综合或拓展,从而形成自己的观点或知识组块等。因为创建图形组织器的过程,实际上是一个知识的理解、组织、阐释、反思和修正的过程,是一个与所学内容对象不断对话的过程。 　　(5)问题求解工具。图形组织器有助于学习者分解问题目标,围绕目标,促进学习者或学习者之间实现头脑风暴、观点发散,集聚问题求解的方法、程序、过程或步骤,筛选或优化问题求解的方案,并在问题求解的过程中不断产生新知识、新问题或新方法,从而培养学习者解决问题的能力。 　　(6)创造工具。图形组织器有助于学习者运行发散和聚合思维,实践创新思维。比如,与线性的文本不同,图形里的观点要素或图解可以任意编排,学习者可以通过反复不断地调整图解形式来增添新的想法。 　　(7)交流与协作工具。知识的学习离不开社会性建构,即社会性交流与协作。一个组织良好的图形能简洁明了地表达想法和理解,吸引他人的注意力,且对关键内容的记忆也比纯语言交流要长久。个体学习者所创建的图形代表了一种可能的信息或观念,可用于与他人分享和交流,并为他人增删信息提供了一种方便的载体。群体学习者所创建的图形则代表了群组的信息或观念,图形组织器充当了发散和聚合群组观点的有力工具,因为可视化的形式可以及时将分散在个人脑中的灵感组合成一个整体性的结构。在小组学习、项目学习、问题求解等学习活动中,图形组织器通常是学习者就某一问题展开讨论,集合众人想法的有效工具。 　　(8)评价工具。图形组织器有助于学习者检验知识获取过程和结果的质量。一般来说,只有想不清楚,没有画不清楚的图形。如果学习者对所学内容不理解或无法抽象概括,那么就不可能运用图形组织器来表示所学内容。通过图形组织器,不仅可以检视学习者对所学内容的把握程度,考量学习者的逻辑思维过程和知识面,而且可以诊断学习者在哪些方面存在思维和知识的残缺。 　　此外,学习者可以运用图形组织器充当过程性评价工具,比如,一个图形组织器作品反映了学习者在某一特定领域内对知识的理解程度,包括知识相互联系的多样化程度,学习者可以在创建作品的过程中反思自己对知识的掌握程度,并且实施及时有效的修订。 　　 　　三、图形组织器的理论基础 　　 　　图形组织器为何能有效地促进学习?其学理何在?相关的理论研究揭示了这一问题。概括地说,图形组织器的理论基础主要包括双重编码理论、脑科学、经验之塔、学习理论和知识管理。 　　1.双重编码理论 　　加拿大心理学家佩维奥(Dual Coding Theory,A. Paivio,1984)认为,人类存在着两个认知子系统,一个是专用于对非语词事物、事件(即映像)的表征与处理,另一个则用于语言的处理。由此也就存在两种不同的表征单元,即适用于心理映像的“图像单元”和适用于语言实体的“语言单元”。前者是根据部分与整体的关系组织的,后者是根据联想与层级组织的。双重编码理论可用于许多认知学习,如记忆、问题求解、概念学习和语言习得。而且说明了吉尔福特智力理论中空间能力的重要性,因为大量通过视觉获得的映像所涉及的正是空间领域的信息。因此,在信息的储存、加工与提取中,语言与非语言的信息加工过程是同样重要的。人类可同时运用视觉和语言的形式呈现信息,以增强信息的回忆与识别。 　　2.脑科学 　　研究表明,人的大脑分左右两个半球,其结构几乎完全一样,但功能却不相同。左脑主司语言表达、逻辑思维、数理演绎、字词记忆、计算和顺序、分类、智力和科学;右脑主司非语言表达、创新思维、形象性感知、具体事物记忆、视觉空间观察、音乐、感觉力和艺术。正是大脑两半球分工合作的和谐统一,才使大脑发挥高度复杂的整体功能。人类天生就有运用图像的能力。据研究,大多数的人脑活动涉及到视觉图像的处理和分析过程,视觉表征在不同的任务中优于语言表征。根据现代脑科学的研究,右脑的视觉思维围绕左脑逻辑思维所求解的难题进行新旧知觉信息的同构活动是复杂的,甚至是无意识的。在无意识活动中,大脑处于一种高度的自由开放态,使新输入的知觉信息和积淀知觉信息的同构活动十分活跃,容易获得一个全新的“知觉形象”,反馈给左脑进行逻辑鉴别,如不符合要求,则以新的“目的意象”送给右脑的视觉思维,如此反复多次直至获得一个符合目的的推论结果。 　　3.经验之塔 　　该理论的提出者是美国视听教育家戴尔(Cone of Experience,E.Dale,1946;1964)。经验之塔是一种关于学习经验分类的理论模型,其表现的学习经验分为三大类:一是做的“做”的学习经验,包括有目的的、直接的经验,设计的经验和演戏的经验。二是“观察”的学习经验,包括演示、校外学习旅行、展览、电视电影、广播、录音、静画。三是“使用符号”的学习经验,包括视觉符号和言语符号。各类学习经验是相互联系、相互渗透。该理论对教学(包括学习者)如何有效处理直接经验与间接经验的联系,解决具体经验和抽象经验的矛盾,防止“言语主义”――从概念到概念的现象等问题具有现实意义。图形组织器具有隶属或贯穿三类学习经验的特点,在“做、观察和使用符号”的学习经验类别中具有相应的作用。 　　4.学习理论 　　图形组织器的功用可从诸多学习理论中找到强力的支撑。比如,行为主义关注可观察和测量的外显学习行为,强调学习是刺激与反应的联结,注重强化;认知主义认为学习在于内部认知的变化,学习过程是信息加工过程,是认知结构的组织与再组织,强调同化与顺应和对学习任务的整体理解,强调直觉思维的作用(直觉思维通常采取图像方式进行);建构主义认为,学习是学习者在原有认知结构基础上主动建构的过程或结果,每个人都能生成自己的认知模式和个性化理解。知识是意义建构的结果,知识的建构需要对所学内容进行阐释、交流、表达或展现,这是建构知识的必要方式,也是检测知识建构水平的有效方式,知识建构需要运用多样化的知识外部表征(包括图形组织器),需要运用各种学习工具和学习资源展开问题求解活动。 　　5.知识管理 　　知识管理是指组织或个人运用相关工具和方法来获取、存储、共享、应用和创新知识的过程。每个学习者都是知识管理者,知识管理的效率直接决定学习的效率。从知识获取到创新的整个过程涉及到显性与隐性知识的相互转换,在这些转换过程中,知识可视化是一种重要的形式和手段。比如,野中郁次郎(Nonaka,1991)认为,将隐性知识显性化意味着用某种方式来表达只可意会不可言传的东西,其最有力的工具之一就是知识可视化。知识可视化能使知识更好地被获取和讨论,也有益于更普遍地管理知识。 　　此外,知识可视化有助于解决组织中一系列与知识有关的重要问题,如知识传播中的不对称性,利用启发性的草图和丰富的图像隐喻促进群体知识创新,通过精简压缩的方式减轻学习者的信息负荷,等等[12]。 　　 　　四、图形组织器的类型 　　 　　图形组织器存在许多类型。由于每个图形组织器都有显见的外在形式,因此,掌握图形组织器类型最为直接简单的方式就是按其外形特征来划分。根据相关研究,按照外形特征,可将图形组织器划分为五种,每一种类型都有其主要的功能或用途。如表1所示[13]。 　　 　　五、图形组织器的选用 　　 　　图形组织器种类繁多,功能多样,每一种图形组织器都可以用来支持多种学习或思维发展。选用图形组织器的关键是:一要掌握图形组织器的类别、功能或主要用途;二要理解学习或思维发展的目的,从而使手段和目的之间建立起映射关系。那么,图形组织器可以有效地促进哪些类型的学习或思维发展呢?我们认为,学习者在选用图形组织器时,可以灵活地运用如下参照框架。 　　1.以认知目标为选用参照框架 　　认知目标分类以美国布卢姆的研究最为著名,他们在半个世纪的研究中,先后在推出两个版本的认知目标分类(1956,2001)。在第一个版本(1956)中,他们把认知目标分为知道、领会、应用、分析、综合和评价。在第二个版本(2001)中,他们强调了学习者在有意义学习中的主动、认知和建构过程,强调了学习者是如何获取知识和如何思考的。与第一版的单向分类维度不同,第二版采用了“知识”和“认知过程”二维分类。知识是指学习时涉及的相关内容,从具体到抽象分为四类:事实性知识、概念知识、程序知识和元认知知识;认知过程包含学习时要掌握的学业行为表现,依据认知复杂度由低到高排列包括六个层级:记忆、理解、应用、分析、评价和创造[14]。这两个版本的认知目标分类均可以作为学习选用图形组织器的参照框架。如表2所示。 　　第二版的认知目标的“知识维”和“认知过程维”更可以作为学习者选用图形组织器的参照框架。比如,就实现知识维来说,学习者可以运用图形组织器促进事实性知识(术语、具体细节和要素)、概念性知识(类别与分类、原理与概括、理论/模式与结构)、程序性知识(具体学科技能和算法、技巧和方法知识、确定何时运用适当程序知识)、元认知知识(包括策略、认知任务的知识如情境性和条件性知识、自我知识)。 　　就认知过程维来说,学习者可运用图形组织器来展开各种思维活动,促进各种认知目标层级的实现。如,通过识别(确认)、回忆(提取)的图形组织器工具来促进记忆方面的认知目标实现;通过解释(转换、释义、表征、澄清)、举例(例证、例示)、分类(归类)、总结(概括、抽象)、推断(外推、添加、预测、断定)、比较(对照、匹配、映射)、说明(建构一个模型)的图形组织器工具来促进理解方面的认知目标实现;通过执行(完成)、实施(使用)的图形组织器工具来促进应用方面的认知目标实现;通过区分(辨别、选择、区别、聚焦)、组织(形成结构、整合内容、寻求一致、明确要义、语义分析)、归属(解构)的图形组织器工具来促进分析方面的认知目标实现;通过核查(检验、查明、监控、协调)、评判(判断)的图形组织器工具来促进评价方面的认知目标实现;通过生成(提出假设)、计划(设计)、实施/产出(构建)的图形组织器工具来促进创造方面的认知目标实现,等等。 　　2.以学习维度发展为选用参照框架 　　学习维度(Dimensions of Learning, DOL)是美国课程改革专家马扎诺(R. Marzano)提出的一种应用性学习理论。学习维度包括五个维度:维度一是学习者的态度与感受、维度二是获取与整合知识、维度三是扩展与精练知识、维度四是有意义地运用知识、维度五是生产性的思维习惯[15]。在五个维度中,所有的学习都发生于学习者的态度与感受(维度1)以及运用生产性的思维习惯中(维度5),任何学习过程都带有情感和态度特征。另外三个维度则是学习之中进行思考所必需的。在扩展与精练知识时,学习者也在获取与整合知识;在运用知识时,学习者也在扩展知识。思维技能和思维过程并不是互相割裂和线性作用的,而是一个互动循环、彼此影响的过程。学习的五个维度从总体上实现了认知与情感的相互作用,决定着学习的成效。合理地选用图形组织器工具能有效地促进学习者获取与整合知识、扩展与精炼知识和有意义地运用知识。如表3所示。 　　3.以理性思维发展为选用参照框架 　　“理性思维”(rational thinking)是美国教育学家坎贝尔(Campbell, 2003)提出的学习能力目标指向[16]。所谓“理性思维”,通常是指深层次理解知识与运用(迁移)知识时的心理活动状态和信息加工方式。学习或教学应当重视发展“理性思维”能力。以坎贝尔提出的20种理性思维的分类和以提问促进理性思维发展的方式为参照,学习者可以有效地选用图形组织器。如表4所示。 　　4.以日常思维发展为选用参照框架 　　在日常的学习中,会涉及系列常用的思维活动,这些思维活动的特点与图形组织器存在一种对应的关系。学习者可以运用相应的图形组织器来促进日常思维活动的发展。如表5所示。 　　 　　六、图形组织器的创建原则 　　 　　1.目标导向 　　图形组织器是用来实现一定的认知目标或促进思维能力发展的,否则必将成为一种流于形式的、花里胡哨的装饰,颠倒手段和目标的关系。目标导向将决定图形组织器的形式选择、认知活动展开和图形组织器的应用成效。为此,学习者要明确学习任务和学习目标,理解图形组织器选用的参照框架。 　　2.相互匹配 　　任何一种图形组织器都有其特定的形式和功用,学习者面临的学习内容也有其特定性,比如事实性知识和程序性知识学习的差异。为此,学习者要把握图形组织器的类型,理解学习内容的特点,实现图形组织器的形式表现性和学习内容特定性的有机统合。 　　3.自由开放 　　图形组织器有一定的类型和表现形式,但不是僵硬固定的。学习者不要拘泥形式,可以根据自己的喜好、学习任务和目标的特点,在基本匹配的基础上,自由选用甚至是创新图形组织器,用于信手涂鸦、头脑风暴,追求最多样化的观点,实现观点的不断增删和图形的不断变化。 　　4.整体结构 　　不论选用何种图形组织器,都要高度重视图形所表现的主题、各个要素及其相互联系,使图形化或可视化的对象内容形成一个整体的结构。 　　5.简洁有效 　　使用和创建图形组织器的目的是化繁为简、化抽象为具体、化隐性为显性,一目了然,以提高表现力和传播效果,切忌形式重于内容,丧失图形组织器的本原意义。 　　6.视觉设计 　　图形组织器是一种视觉信息传播方式,其效果受影响于相关的设计原则。在视觉设计方面,汤普森(M.Thompson,1994)提出了11条基本要义:简洁、清晰、平衡、协调、组织性、重点突出、易辨性、统一性、透视性、观点明确和构架合理。在知识可视化方面,尤德尔曼(G.Judelman,2004)提出了5条基本原则:图形化(重模型而非无结构的信息)、最优化(注重信息表现力以提高认知效率)、稳定性(注意信息表现和操作的情境)、适应性(注重图形界面和应用的聚合性)、数字化(以数字化方式来处理复杂性)[17]。这些原则对于使用和创建图形组织器来说都富有启示和指导意义。 　　此外,在创建图形组织器时离不开创建工具。一般说来,创建图形组织器的工具主要分为两种,徒手绘制和数字化方式。徒手绘制的特点是设备简单、不受场所限制、使用比较灵活和适宜表现瞬间的灵感,但作品较随意,不易改动和转移。 　　数字化的方式就是使用计算机技术,其特点是易于修改、动态链接、转换方便、简洁美观、易于储存、交换和传播,等等。一般来说,平常的办公软件如Office、Wps自带的绘图工具就可以用于创建图形组织器,满足基本要求。但这种附带的绘图工具在图形模板、色彩等方面可选择性小,对学习者的构图能力要求比较高,创建复杂图形比较费时,也不适合表达复杂信息或思维的要求。因此,学习者可以选用专门的图形组织器创建工具主要有Inspiration, Mind Manager, Mind Mapper, Brain, Axon Idea Processor, Cmap, Decision Explorer, Kmap, SemNet, Research Group, CoCo Systems, Activity Map, TextVision / TekstNet, SMART Ideas, EGLE Magic等等。这些软件提供了丰富的图形模板,界面友好,操作简单,功能多样,而且菜单设置、编辑功能等都大同小异,只是对于图形的绘制有所侧重。学习者只要学会一到两种这类软件,就可以触类旁通。 　　 　　[参考文献] 　　[1]Tracey Hall & Nicole. Strangman.Graphic Organizers :A Report Prepared by for the National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum at CAST.[EB/OL].https://www.省略/publications/ncac/ncac_go.html 2009-01-12. 　　[2][6]Aziz Bin Mohamed Amin.Using Graphic Organizers[J]. ITE TEACHERS" CONFERENCE 2004 Reflective Practitioners In Action Singapore.2004.10.1.sg/ite_conf/edu_tech/tc04et02.pdf 　　[3]Definition of Graphic organizer.[EB/OL]. https://dictionary.省略/graphic%20organizer 2009-07-10. 　　[4]what are they. [EB/OL]..ca/priscillatheroux/graphicorganizers.html 2007-09-1. 　　[5]Graphic Organizers. [EB/OL] .https://www.省略/graphicorganizers/ 2008-06-5. 　　[7]Jamie McKenzie .Graphical Organizers as Thinking Technology. [EB/OL] .省略/oct97/picture.html 2007-08-7. 　　[8]Why Graphical Organizers? [EB/OL] .省略/oct97/picture.html;Increasing Understanding by Creating Graphic Organizers,[EB/OL] .https://www.省略/graphicorganizers/star/,2008-08-1. 　　[9]How and Why Graphic Organizers Work. [EB/OL] .https://www.省略/products/usareads_info.htm,2008-09-12. 　　[10]Judy Willis Research-Based Strategies to Ignite Student Learning:Insights from a Neurologist and Classroom Teacher[M]. Association for Supervision & Curriculum Deve 2006. 　　[11]Wormeli, R. Summarization in Any Subject : 50 Techniques to Improve Student Learning[M]. Alexandria, VA: ASCD 2005. 　　[12]邱婷,知识可视化作为学习工具的应用研究[D],江西师范大学课程与教学研究所,2006:9-14. 　　[13]Graphic Organizers. [EB/OL]. https://www.省略/organizers/ 2009-09-1. 　　[14]钟志贤,大学教学模式革新: 教学设计 视域[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2007:151-152. 　　[15]MCREL. What is Dimensions of Learning and How is it Used? [EB/OL] . /whathow.asp,2006-11-10. 　　[16]CAMPBELL L. Mindful Learning:101 Proven Strategies for Student and Teacher Success[M]. Thousand Oaks, CA: Gorwin Press,Inc, 2003: 77, 64-65. 　　[17]Gregory Brian Judelman(2004).Knowledge Visualization:Problems and Principles for Mapping the Knowledge Space.[EB/OL]. https://www.省略/media/judelmanThesis2004.pdf,2009-08-20.省略);钟志贤,博士,教授,江西师范大学课程与教学研究所所长,主要从事教育技术学、课程与教学论研究。 　　 　　On Graphic Organizers 　　Qiu TingZhong Zhixian 　　(Institute of Curriculum and Instruction, Jiangxi Normal University,Jiangxi Nanchang 330027) 　　 　　 　　【Abstract】 Graphic Organizers can be used as a powerful visualized learning tool, be controlled freely by the learner. This paper discusses the meaning, functions, theoretical foundations, types, some frameworks for selection and application(FSA) and some principles of creating graphic organizers, in an attempt to get the basic knowledge about the graphic organizer. 　　【Keywords】 Graphic organizers; Functions; Types; FSA; Principles of creation 　　 　　 本文责编:孙爱萍

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问题一：韦编三绝的意思是什么？ 韦编三绝 基本解释： -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 韦编：用熟牛皮绳把竹简编联起来；三：概数，表示多次；绝：断。编连竹简的皮绳断了三次。比喻读书勤奋。 问题二：韦编三绝是什么意思 “韦编三绝”的解释 “韦编三绝”是说孔子读《易》次数之多，竟把编联简策的编绳翻断了多次。此语最早见于《史记u30fb孔子世家》。对“韦编”的“韦”如何理解？ 新版《辞海》的解释是：“韦，熟牛皮。古代用竹简写书，用皮绳编缀，故曰“韦编。”这种说法其实是错误的。其一，今之形声字古每书作假借字，汉代文献中此例不胜枚举。汉代许慎《说文》有“经，织从丝也”。许慎所用的“从”字，即今之形声字“纵”字的假借字。我们既知纵字在汉代实写作从，那么我们把 *** （司马迁）写的韦编读作纬编是合乎 *** 用字常理的。纬编即编联简策的纬绳，因为古人常把纵横称作经纬，所以《说文》又称“纬，织衡丝也”。简书的竹简是纵向排列的，犹如织布帛的经线，编联简册的组绳则是横向编联的，犹如织布帛的纬线。据此，把横向编联简册的组绳称作“纬绳”“纬编”是理所当然的。其二，古代简书并非全都是用皮绳编缀的。陈梦家在《汉简缀述》中写道：“所用以编简札为册者，多为丝纶。字或作绳或作编。荀勖《穆天子传》谓汲郡魏家所出‘皆竹简素丝编"，《南齐书u30fb文惠太子传》记襄阳古冢所出《考工记》‘竹简书，青丝编……"居延出土汉简册，则用麻绳”。毫无疑义，所谓“素丝编”“青丝编”都是指的丝绳。出土简册，则木简仅见用麻绳。除了“韦编三绝”的“韦”被释为皮绳外，尚不见任何关于用皮绳编联简册的记载和实物。 问题三：韦编三绝的意思是什么 出于《史记u30fb孔子世家》的典故，原为孔子为读《易》而翻断了多次牛皮带子的简，现用于比喻读书勤奋。 问题四：韦编三绝的韦是什么意思？ 韦：熟牛皮的意思 释义：“韦”是熟牛皮；“韦编”指用牛皮绳编连起来的竹简书。“三”是概数，表示多次；“绝”是断的意思。孔子为读《易》而翻断了多次牛皮带子的简。后人用“韦编三绝”这个成语加以概括。用来形容读书刻苦勤奋 问题五：韦编三绝什么意思 用来形容读书刻苦勤奋