清华大学冯琳教授本科哪里

歌曲名:Right Day歌手:korn专辑:Waterhouse Redemption. Right NowKoRn瓜瓜制作I"m feeling mean todayNot lost, not blown awayJust irritated and quite hatedself control breaks downWhy"s everything so tame?I like my life insaneI"m fabricating and debatingWho I"m gunna kick aroundRIGHT NOWCan"t find a way to get across the hateWhen I see youRIGHT NOWI feel it scratch insideI want to slash and beat youRIGHT NOWI rip apart the things insidethat excite youRIGHT NOWI can"t control myselfI fucking hate you!I"m feeling cold todayNot hurt just fucked awayI"m devasted and frustratedGod I feel so boundSo why I"d feel the needI think it"s time to bleedI"m gunna cut myself andWatch the blood hit the groundRIGHT NOWCan"t find a way to get across the hateWhen I see youRIGHT NOWI feel it scratch insideI want to slash and beat youRIGHT NOWI rip apart the things insidethat excite youRIGHT NOWI can"t control myselfI fucking hate you!You open your mouth againI swear I"m gunna break itYou open your mouth againMy god, I cannot take itShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upShutup, shutup, shutup, I"ll fuck you upRIGHT NOWCan"t find a way to get across the hateWhen I see youRIGHT NOWI feel it scratch insideI want to slash and beat youRIGHT NOWI rip apart the things insidethat excite youRIGHT NOWI can"t control myselfI fucking hate you!I fuckin" hate you!I fuckin" hate you!I fuckin" hate you!I fuckin" hate you!I fuckin" hate you! (shut up)I fuckin" hate you! (shut up)I fuckin" hate you! (shut up)Shut up!http://music.baidu.com/song/5510785

1, the virtual network transactions, leading to the credit status of the credit of the two sides can not be certified, prone to fraud and arrears of default dispute.2, a large number of network platform release of lending information, there are many in the loan company, Finance Companies and other names of foreign loans. And in fact must by approval of the national financial institutions engaged in the credit financing and other financial services, unauthorized engaged in financial activities often because of "illegal fund-raising", "illegal absorb public deposits", disrupt the order of financial management and be held liable.3, if loans through network platform issued, so in network platform of lax discipline, failure or internal control procedures, or being the case may appear fabricating borrower information and the case of illegal fund-raising.

期刊名 nanotechnology 出版周期: 周刊 中科院杂志分区 工程：综合分类下的 2 区期刊 近四年影响因子:2013年度 2012年度 2011年度 2010年度 3.672 3.842 3.979 3.644 出版社或管理机构 杂志由 IOP PUBLISHING LTD 出版或管理。 ISSN号：0957-4484 杂志简介/稿件收录要求 In response to the growth in research in the area and the extension of nanotechnology across traditional academic fields the journal will be changing its scope from January 2002. The new scope will strongly reflect the interdisciplinary aspect of nanoscale science and technology with the aim of becoming the primary source of information in this ever expanding field. In the meantime we invite authors who work at the forefront of nanoscale science and technology, and especially those in interdisciplinary areas, to submit their papers to the journal. Present subject coverage. Papers are expected to be original experimental or theoretical research or to be an original synthesis or analysis of subjects related to nanotechnology. Here, nanotechnology is taken to include all those technologies and enabling technologies associated with either the "top-down" approach to fabricating miniature elements by sculpting the desired structure from a macroscopic piece of material, as well as the "bottom-up" approach of building the desired structure atom by atom or molecule by molecule. Typical appropriate topics include, but are not limited to: engineering fabrication involving atomic level machining and metrology involving dimension, size and tolerances less than the wavelength of light and down to values of at largest 0.2 nm, but preferably to x-ray levels and beyond; performance of micromechanisms such as microactuators to subnanometre and molecular levels; the design of instruments and machine tools capable of measuring, performing and manufacturing to nanometre levels; the application of nanometre level instruments such as scanning tunnelling microscopes and atomic force microscopes to biology, medicine and materials science; miniaturization of electronic, mechanical and optical components, and their fabrication with such methods as ion-beam removal and deposition, molecular-beam epitaxy and electron-beam and photon-beam lithography; fabrication and use of field-emission vacuum microelectronic devices; nanoelectronics including nanometre scale semiconductor structures and their potential electronic device applications; molecular engineering--either molecular scale components or new molecular materials exhibiting unique electronic, mechanical or optical properties; nanoprecision instrumentation, e.g., x-ray multilayer thin-film fabrication and associated surface processing.

0548翻译：草船借箭（三国演义）Translation: Borrowing Arrows with Straw Boats (From: Romance of Three Kingdoms)(translated by: alexcwlin; edited by: Adam Lam) 周瑜看到诸葛亮挺有才干，心里很妒忌。Zhou Yu noticed Zhuge Liang was very capable and he was jealous.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------有一天，周瑜请诸葛亮商议军事，One day, Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to come and discuss military affairs.说∶“我们就要跟曹军交战。Zhou said: “We are going to engage in battle with Cao"s army.水上交战，用什么兵器最好？”What is the best weapon to use for combating in water?”诸葛亮说∶“用弓箭最好。”Zhuge said: “Bows and arrows are the best.”周瑜说∶“对，先生跟我想的一样。Zhou said: “Yes, you and I think alike.现在军中缺箭，Now our army is short in arrows.想请先生负责赶造十万支。I wish to ask you in taking care of producing one-hundred-thousand arrows in a rush.这是公事，希望先生不要推却。”This is an official matter and I hope you would not decline.”诸葛亮说∶“都督委托，当然照办。Zhuge said: “Governor entrusts me with this assignment and of course I will do as you order.不知道这十万支箭什么时候用？”I wonder when you will require these one-hundred-thousand arrows available for use.”周瑜问∶“十天造得好吗？”Zhou asked: “Could you produce them in ten days?”诸葛亮说∶“既然就要交战，十天造好，必然误了大事。”Zhuge said: “Since we are going to engage in battle, making them in ten days could bungle up matters.”周瑜问∶“先生预计几天可以造好？”Zhou asked: “How many days do you expect to get them made?”诸葛亮说∶“只要三天。”Zhuge said: “Three days will be enough.”周瑜说∶“军情紧急，可不能开玩笑。”Zhou said: “Military business is critically urgent and you cannot treat it as a joke.”诸葛亮说∶“怎么敢跟都督开玩笑？Zhuge said: “How could I dare to pull a prank on you, Governor?我愿意立下军令状，I am willing to subject myself to a military order.三天造不好，甘受惩罚。”If I cannot finish the job in three days, I will gladly accept punishment that I deserve.”周瑜很高兴，Zhou was very pleased.叫诸葛亮当面立下军令状，又摆了酒席招待他。He asked Zhuge to sign a military order on the spot and entertained him with a banquet.诸葛亮说∶“今天来不及了。Zhuge said: “I cannot make it to the dinner today.从明天起，到第三天，请派五百个军士到江边来搬箭。”Counting three days from tomorrow, please send five hundred soldiers to the riverbank to transport arrows.”诸葛亮喝了几杯酒就走了。Zhuge drank a few cups of wine and left. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------鲁肃对周瑜说∶“十万支箭，三天怎么造得成呢？Lu Su said to Zhou Yu: “How can anyone produce one-hundred-thousand arrows in three days?诸葛亮说的是假话吧？”Zhuge Liang had to be fabricating the whole thing up, wouldn"t he?”周瑜说∶“是他自己说的，我可没逼他。Zhou Yu said: “He said that all by himself and I didn"t coerce him.我得吩咐军匠们，叫他们故意迟延，I will order our military craftsmen to slow down working deliberately.造箭用的材料，不给他准备齐全。Also I will not provide the full range of arrow-making materials to him.到时候造不成，定他的罪，他就没话可说了。When he could not produce the arrows as he has undertaken to do, then he would have nothing to say when I pass verdict on him.你去探听探听，看他怎么打算，回来报告我。”You go and find out what his plan is and report back to me.”----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------鲁肃见了诸葛亮。Lu Su met with Zhuge Liang.诸葛亮说∶“三天之内要造十万支箭，得请你帮帮我的忙。”Zhuge said: “To make one-hundred-thousand arrows in three days I need your help.”鲁肃说∶“都是你自己找的，我怎么帮得了你的忙？”Lu said: “You bring this upon yourself and how could I possibly help you?”诸葛亮说∶“你借给我二十条船，每条船上要三十名军士。Zhuge said: “Loan me twenty boats with thirty soldiers in each boat.船用青布幔子遮起来，The boats will be covered up entirely with green cloth curtains.还要一千多个草把子，排在船的两边。I also need one-thousand and then some straw bundles to be lined up on both sides of the boats.我自有妙用。第三天管保有十万支箭。I have an ingenious plan and on the third day I guarantee there will be one-hundred-thousand arrows.不过不能让都督知道。他要是知道了，我的计划就完了。”But the Governor must not know about this, or else if he finds out my plan will not work.”----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------鲁肃答应了。Lu Su promised to do as Zhuge Liang asked.他不知道诸葛亮借船有什么用，回来报告周瑜，He did not know what Zhuge would do with the boats, and he returned to report to Zhou Yu.果然不提借船的事，只说诸葛亮不用竹子、翎毛、胶漆这些材料。Sure enough he did not mention the arrangement on borrowing boats and only said Zhuge did not use materials such as bamboo sticks, feathers, glue, and vanish.周瑜疑惑起来，说∶“到了第三天，看他怎么办！”Zhou was puzzled and said: “Let"s see what he would do when the third day comes.”----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------鲁肃私自拨了二十条快船，每条船上配三十名军士.Lu Su privately put aside twenty speedy boats and assigned thirty soldiers to each boat.照诸葛亮说的，布置好青布幔子和草把子，等诸葛亮调度。Also he made such setups of green cloth curtains and straw bundles on the boats as requested by Zhuge and everything awaited further instructions from Zhuge.第一天，不见诸葛亮有什么动静；On the first day Zhuge did not make any move.第二天，仍然不见诸葛亮有什么动静；On the second day Zhuge also did nothing.直到第三天四更时候，诸葛亮秘密地把鲁肃请到船里。Around one to three o"clock after midnight on the third day Zhuge secretly asked Lu to come to one of the boats.鲁肃问他∶“你叫我来做什么？”Lu asked him: “Why do you ask me to come here?”诸葛亮说∶“请你一起去取箭。”Zhuge said: “I invite you to go and get the arrows with me together.”鲁肃问∶“哪里去取？”Lu asked: “Where are we going to get them?”诸葛亮说∶“不用问，Zhuge said: “There is no need to ask.去了就知道。”You will find out when you get there.”诸葛亮吩咐把二十条船用绳索连接起来，朝北岸开去。Zhuge ordered to link the twenty boats together with ropes and sail them towards the northern shore. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------这时候大雾漫天，江上连面对面都看不清。At this time it was heavy fog everywhere and people facing each other could not see clearly the features of the opposite party.天还没亮，船已经靠近曹军的水寨。Before the sky turned bright, the boats were close to the navy base of Cao Army.诸葛亮下令把船头朝西，船尾朝东，一字摆开，Zhuge ordered the bows of the boats to face west and the sterns to face east in a line formation.又叫船上的军士一边擂鼓，一边大声呐喊。He also directed the soldiers on the boats to beat drums and shout at the top of their lungs.鲁肃吃惊地说∶“如果曹兵出来，怎么办？”Lu was shocked and said: “What if Cao soldiers come out, and then what are we going to do?”诸葛亮笑着说∶“雾这样大，曹操一定不敢派兵出来。Zhuge laughed and said: “The fog is so thick Cao Cao will not dispatch his soldiers to come out.我们只管饮酒取乐，We just have to drink wine and enjoy ourselves.天亮了就回去。”At daybreak we will go back.” ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------曹操听到鼓声和呐喊声，就下令说∶“江上雾很大，敌人忽然来攻，Upon hearing the drumbeats and shouting, Cao Cao ordered: “The fog is very heavy in the river and the enemies have launched a surprise attack.我们看不清虚实，We can"t see clearly what is going on.不要轻易出动。Let us don"t get out there impetuously.只叫弓弩手朝他们射箭，不让他们近前。”We will only order our archers to shoot at them in preventing them from getting close.”他派人去旱寨调来六千名弓弩手，到江边支援水军。He transferred six thousand archers from the ground troop barracks to support the navy by the riverside.一万多名弓弩手一齐朝江中放箭，箭好像下雨一样。Over ten-thousand archers shot arrows at the river together, and the arrow fell like raindrops.诸葛亮又下令把船掉过来，船头朝东，船尾朝西，Then Zhuge ordered the boats to turn around and face the bows eastward and the sterns westward.仍旧擂鼓呐喊，As before the soldiers continued to beat drums and clamor.逼近曹军水寨去受箭。Also the boats were sailed closer to catch the shooting arrow. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------天渐渐亮了，雾还没有散。The sky was getting bright gradually but fog had not dispersed.这时候，船两边的草把子上都插满了箭。At that time, straw bundles at both sides of the boats were stuck full of arrows.诸葛亮吩咐军士齐声高喊“谢谢曹丞相的箭！”Zhuge Liang ordered the soldiers on the boats to shout out loud: “Thank you Prime Minister Cao for the arrows.”接着叫二十条船驶回南岸。Then he ordered the boats to sail back to the southern shore.曹操知道上了当，可是这边的船顺风顺水，Cao Cao realized he was tricked but those boats coming from his side were sailing downwind and down-current.已经驶出二十多里，要追也来不及了。They already had twenty miles of head-start and it was impossible to catch up.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------二十条船靠岸的时候，周瑜派来的五百个军士正好来到江边搬箭。When the twenty boats went alongshore, the five hundred solders dispatched by Zhou Yu to pick up arrows at riverside came just in time.每条船大约有五六千支箭，二十条船总共有十万多支。Each boat had five to six thousand arrows and multiplied that by twenty boats totaled one-hundred-thousand and then some arrows.鲁肃见了周瑜，告诉他借箭的经过。Lu Su met Zhou Yu and told him the entire process in borrowing arrows.周瑜长叹一声，说∶“诸葛亮神机妙算，Zhu took a deep sigh and said: “Zhuge Liang is meticulous and calculated.我真比不上他！”Truly I am nowhere near his match.”----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

是小说三国演义里的，历史上诸葛亮没有借过箭

2005年至今[1]The introduction pi-pi stacking moieties for fabricating stable micellar structure: formation and dynamics of disklike micelles.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.， 2005, 44, 4731-4735.Bo Song, Zhiqiang Wang, Senlin Chen, Xi Zhang,Yu Fu, Mario Smet, and Wim Dehaen[2]Combining a layer-by-layer assembling technique with electrochemical deposition of gold aggregates to mimic the legs of water stridersAdvanced Materials， 2005, 17, 1005-1009.Feng Shi, Zhiqiang Wang, and Xi Zhang[3]Reversible pH-Responsive Surfaces: from superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity Advanced Materials， 2005, 17, 1289-1293.Xi Yu, Zhiqiang Wang, Yugui Jiang, Feng Shi, and Xi Zhang[4]Self-assembly monolayers of dendron thiols for electrodeposition of gold nanostructures: toward fabrication of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surface and pH-responsive surface Langmuir， 2005, 21, 1986-1990.Yugui Jiang, Zhiqiang Wang, Xi Yu, Feng Shi, Huaping Xu, and Xi Zhang[5]Combining layer-by-layer assembly with electrodeposition of silver aggregares for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces Langmuir， 2005, 21, 4713-4716.Nan Zhao, Feng Shi, Zhiqiang Wang, and Xi Zhang[6]Patterned polyelectrolyte multilayer: surface modification for enhancing selective adsorption Langmuir， 2005, 21, 1599-1602.Feng Shi, Zhiqiang Wang, Nan Zhao, and Xi Zhang[7]STM study on quinacridone derivative assemblies: modulation of the two-dimensional structure by coadsorption with dicarboxylic acidsLangmuir， 2005, 21, 7225-7229.Xunyu Yang, Zhongcheng Mu, Zhiqiang Wang, Xi Zhang, Jia Wang and Yue Wang[8]Polymer micelles as building blocks for layer-by-layer assembly: an approach for incorporation and controlled release of water-insoluble dyesChem. Mater.， 2005, 17, 5065-5069.Ning Ma, Hongyu Zhang, Bo Song, Zhiqiang Wang and Xi Zhang[9]Roselike microstructures formed by direct in situ hydrothermal synthesis: from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity Chem. Mater.， 2005, 17, 6177-6180.Feng Shi, Xiaoxin Chen, Liyan Wang, Jia Niu, Jihong Yu, Zhiqiang Wang and Xi Zhang[10]To combine precursor and layer-by-layer deposition for incorporation of single-charged species: nanocontainers with charge-selectivity and nanoreactorsChem. Mater. 2005, 17, 6679-6685.Huan Chen, Guanghong Zeng, Zhiqiang Wang, Xi Zhang, Ming-Li Peng, Li-Zhu Wu, and Chen-Ho Tung[11]Force spectroscopy on dendronized poly(p-phenylene)s: revealing the chain elasticity and the interfacial interactionMacromolecules, 2005, 38, 861-866.Weiqing Shi, Zhiqiang Wang, Shuxun Cui, Xi Zhang and Zhishan Bo[12]Single-chain mechanical property of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and interaction with small molecules J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 14807-14812.Chuanjun Liu, Shuxun Cui, Zhiqiang Wang and Xi Zhang[13]Anisotropic aggregation and phase transition in Langmuir monolayers of methyl/ethyl esters of 2,3-dihydroxy fatty acidsJournal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 285, 814-820.Liyan Wang, Sandra Jacobi, Jing Sun, Michael Overs, Harald Fuchs, Hans Juergen Schaefer, Xi Zhang, Jiacong Shen, and Lifeng Chi[14]Single-component films of different generations of dendrimers bearing a diphenylanthracene core European Polymer Journal, 2005, 41, 1219-1224.Jing Sun, Liyan Wang, Xi Yu, and Xi Zhang[15]Fabrication of Polypyrrole Wires Between MicroelectrodesSmall, 2005, 1, 520-524.Bin Dong, Michael Krutschke, Xi Zhang, Lifeng Chi, and Harald Fuchs[16]A convenient A2+B3 Approach to hyperbranched poly(arylene oxindole)sMacromol. Rapid Commun., 2005, 26, 1458-1463.Mario Smet, Yu Fu, Xi Zhang, Etienne H. Schacht, and Wim Dehaen[17]Manipulation of surface wettability between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity on copper films ChemPhysChem, 2005, 6, 1475-1478.Shutao Wang, Lin Feng, Huan Liu, Taolei Sun, Xi Zhang, Lei Jiang, and Daoben Zhu[18]Control of composition in the multilayer films fabricated from mixed solutions containing two dendrimersJournal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 287, 207-212.Jing Sun, Liyan Wang, Jian Gao, and Zhiqiang Wang[19]Effect of density of hydrogen-bonding donor on hydrogen-bonded multilayer buildup Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005, 50, 1864-1868.Hongyu Zhang, Ning Ma, and Zhiqiang Wang

Text AA Life Full of RichesI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrasesu20261) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear 5) dated 6) consequences 7) seemingly 8) in contrast to 9) Curiosity 10) genuine 11) primarily 12) sentiments2. Rewrite each sentenceu20261) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first2) vital to the existence of all forms of life3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy5) tickled him to think that sheu2019d come to ask his advice3. Complete the sentences1) a lingering, fabricating, sentiments2) fill out, every item, vital, consequences3) be denied, tangible, cherish, attainII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2. She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Donu2019t take me for a fool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5. My uncle will take me (alone on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8. If you donu2019t take my advice, you will regret it.III. Usage1. hanging 2. to give 3. to return 4. being praised 5. not having 6. to say 7. to open 8. being helpedComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4) bracket 5) deny 6) tangible7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt 11) focus 12) donations2. Theme-related1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically 6) security 7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) follows II. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. Thatu2019s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.2. Translate the passage With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.

前面的inter不和后面的nanoparticle连在一起 翻译就是纳米粒子间

Up is a 2009 American computer-animated comedy-adventure film produced by Pixar, distributed by Walt Disney Pictures and presented in Disney Digital 3-D. The film premiered on May 29, 2009 in North America and opened the 2009 Cannes Film Festival, becoming the first animated and 3D film to do so.[3] The film was director Pete Docter"s second film, the first being 2001"s Monsters, Inc., and features the voices of Edward Asner, Christopher Plummer, Bob Peterson, and Jordan Nagai. It is Pixar"s tenth feature film and the studio"s first to be presented in Disney Digital 3-D,[4] and is accompanied in theaters and DVD releases by the short film Partly Cloudy.[5]《天外奇迹》（Up）是2009年皮克斯动画工作室第十部动画电影，首部3D电影。由《怪兽公司》导演皮特·多克特负责执导，爱德华·阿斯纳、克里斯托弗·普卢默和约翰·拉岑贝格尔配音演出。电影由华特迪士尼影业发行，曾於纽约Comic-Con展试映前45分钟，获得好评如流。受邀为第62届坎城影展开幕片，首部担任坎城开幕片的3D动画片。[1]本片在北美2009年5月29日正式公开首映。 本片入围奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳动画片等奖项，成为继美女与野兽之後的第二部入围最佳影片的动画片。Young Carl Fredricksen is a shy, quiet boy who idolizes renowned explorer Charles F. Muntz. He is saddened to learn, however, that Muntz has been accused of fabricating the skeleton of a giant bird he had claimed to have discovered in Paradise Falls, South America. Muntz vows to return there to capture one alive. One day, Carl befriends an energetic and somewhat eccentric tomboy named Ellie, who is also a Muntz fan. She confides to Carl her desire to move her "clubhouse"—an abandoned house in the neighborhood—to a cliff overlooking Paradise Falls, making him promise to help her. Carl and Ellie eventually get married and grow old together in the restored house, working as a toy balloon vendor and a zookeeper, respectively. Unable to have children, they repeatedly pool their savings for a trip to Paradise Falls, but end up spending it on more pressing needs. An elderly Carl finally arranges for the trip, but Ellie suddenly becomes ill and dies, leaving him alone.主角是78岁的老头卡尔·费迪逊（Carl Fredrickson），当卡尔还是一个孩子，遇见有著同样梦想的女孩艾莉（Ellie），他们一同在中西部城镇里长大，最後结婚。艾莉总是梦想著到南美洲探险，但机会尚未来到却已病逝。现在，政府官员兴建摩天大楼计画，要求卡尔搬离住处，最终卡尔决定实现艾莉的承诺，带著屋子离开前往南美。当中意外地，一位八岁亚裔童子军小罗（Russell），为了收集最後一个帮助老人的徽章，误打误撞搭上这座飞屋，於是两个素不相识的一老一少，将会面临险恶的地形，难以预测的危机，展开一场荒野的丛林冒险之路。途中没多久即遇到暴风雨，慌乱之馀，卡尔再度醒来发现已抵达南美洲仙境瀑布附近。两人於是徒步前往对岸山谷，遇见喜爱吃巧克力稀有彩色巨鸟凯文（Kevin），以及会说人话的狗小逗（Dug），一同踏上旅程。随後，发现凯文是狗群所猎捕的目标，并且指使狗的主人正是卡尔小时候崇仰的冒险家查理斯蒙兹（Charles Muntz）。蒙兹为向世人证明巨鸟的存在，已在此进行追捕多年，察觉卡尔隐瞒巨鸟的实情，而对他们展开攻击。藉由小逗帮助，才得以从众狗追击下逃脱。

英语精典成语句子集锦 　　英语精典成语32句 　　A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。 　　Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩 　　All is not gold that glitters.闪光的不一定都是金子 　　An idle youth， a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲 　　Bitter pills may have wholesome effects.良药苦口 　　Do wrong once and you"ll never hear the end of it.一失足成千古恨 　　Every cloud has a silver lining.守得云开见月明 　　Every man has his fault.人孰无过 　　First come， first served.捷足先登 　　Haste makes waste.欲速则不达 　　Honesty is the best policy.诚实至上 　　In fair weather prepare for foul.未雨绸缪 　　Knowledge is power.知识就是力量 　　Let bygones be bygone.既往不究 　　Look before you leap.三思而后行 　　Man proposes， God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天 　　Money talks.金钱万能 　　No gains without pains.吃得苦中苦方为人上人 　　基础英语轻松学-美国玫瑰：米娅·哈姆(1) 　　本课您将学到：句型fall in love with…（爱上……），lead, guide和direct（区分近义词） 　　她因女足而成名，女足因她而精彩，她就是美国玫瑰——米娅·哈姆。今天，我们来了解她的成长历程。 　　Growing up a military brat（小家伙）, Mia fell in love with soccer while her father was serving in Italy. By the age of 14, she was dominating（统治） women"s soccer in Texas and attracting attention（注意，关心） from around the country. 　　After a scouting（侦察，守候） trip to watch Mia play, coach Anson Dorrance made Mia the youngest member of the national team at age 15. 　　Following an All-American high school career（职业）, Mia decided to continue to play for Dorrance at University of North Carolina. She led the Lady Tar Heels to NCAA championships（冠军） in all four years she played, while setting conference（联盟） scoring records（纪录）. 　　【世博读书笔记】 　　从军人家庭成长起来的小家伙米娅·哈姆，（Growing up a military brat）在她的爸爸还在意大利服役时，（while her father was serving in Italy）她就爱上了足球（Mia fell in love with soccer）。当她14岁时，（By the age of 14）已经统治了德克萨斯的女足界，（she was dominating women"s soccer in Texas）并且吸引着全国的关注。（attracting attention from around the country） 　　教练Anson Dorrance专程观察Mia踢球以后，（After a scouting trip to watch Mia play）把15的她请进了美国国家队，使她成了国家队中年纪最小的队员。（coach Anson Dorrance made Mia the youngest member of the national team at age 15） 　　高中的全美联赛后，（Following an All-American high school career）Mia决定继续跟随Dorrance在北卡罗莱纳大学踢球。（Mia decided to continue to play for Dorrance at University of North Carolina）在那里，米娅四次带领“女爵士队”队夺取NCAA冠军，（She led the Lady Tar Heels to NCAA championships in all four years she played）并且创造了全联盟的进球纪录。（while setting conference scoring records） 　　基础英语轻松学-美国玫瑰：米娅·哈姆(2) 　　NCAA：National Collegiate Athletic Association (美国)全国大学生体育协会。 　　【世博句型留言板】 　　今天的句型很实用，让你把“爱”说出来！ 　　Fall in love with… 　　我们都知道一见钟情可以说成是love at first sight，同样的意思如果用这个句型来表达，就可以说： 　　As soon as we met, we fell in love with each other. 　　我们刚一见面，就爱上对方了。 　　爱情就是这么奇妙，难怪俗语说Love is blind.（爱情是盲目的; 情人眼里出西施。） 　　其实，对某项事业或某件东西的喜爱程度很深，也可以说fall in love with that thing, Mia爱上了足球可以说fall in love with soccer，如果你特别钟情于某首歌，就可以说 　　I fell in love with this song when I first heard it. 　　我第一次听这首歌就爱上它了。 　　【世博语法小教室】 　　Led是lead的过去式，意思是to bring or show the way to (person or animal) by going in front。领头；带领；引导，牵引（人或动物）。 　　Guide和direct是它的近义词，那么它们有什么区别呢？今天我们讨论这个问题。 　　to lead is to show the way by going first, to guide is to show the way and explain things, and to direct is to explain to someone how to get to a place. 　　走在前面带路用lead ,边领路边讲解用guide ，向某人解释如何到某一地方去用direct。 　　看看下面的例子： 　　He led them down the mountain. 他带领他们下山。（他走在大家前面。） 　　She guided the tourists round the castle. 她引导旅游者参观了这座城堡。（她走在大家之中，边走边介绍。） 　　Could you direct me to the station, please? 请问到车站怎么走？（这个人并不行动，只是指点别人怎么做。） 　　如何猜测句子中生词的意思三 　　三 外部相关因素 　　外部相关因素是指篇章(句子或段落)以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。 　　例如： Husband：it‘s really cold out tonight. Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb. How about lighting the furnace? 　　根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是“冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。 　　The snake slithered through the grass. 　　根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为“爬行”。 　　在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧，我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识， 从生词本身猜测词义。 　　1. 根据前缀猜测词义 　　例如：He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes. 根据词根conscious（清醒的，有意识的），结合前缀semi（半，部分的，不完全的`），我们便可猜出semiconscious词义“半清醒的，半昏迷的”。I‘m illiterate about such things. 词根literate 意为“有文化修养的，通晓的”，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指 “一窍不通，不知道的”。 　　2. 根据后缀猜测词义 　　例如：Insecticide is applied where it is needed. 后缀cide表示“杀...者，杀灭剂”，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出 insecticide意为“杀虫剂”。Then the vapor may change into droplets. 后缀let表示“小的”，词根drop指“滴，滴状物”。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet词义“小滴，微滴”。 　　3.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义 　　例如： Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output. Hightlight或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由 high （高的，强的）和light（光线）两部分组成，合在一起便是“以强光照射，使突出” 的意思。 Bullfight is very popular in Spain. Bull（公牛）和fight（打，搏斗）结合在一起，指一种在西班牙 颇为流行的体育运 动---斗牛。 　　综上所述，利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我们可以灵活运用，综合运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，顺利理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度。 　　Man sentenced for fake bomb threats 　　A man who fabricated a terrorist threat against the Oriental Pearl TV Tower was sentenced to eight months in prison yesterday. 　　The Pudong New Area People"s Court yesterday sentenced He Wanrong, 54, to prison for fabricating terroristic information. He had been receiving treatment in a mental health center and earlier had been detained for a false fire alarm and for stealing in a supermarket. On the night of April 11, he called the police hot line 110, saying that three men were placing bombs at the foot of the TV tower overlooking the Bund. More than 30 policemen hurried to the spot but found nothing. He was arrested the next morning. 　　基础英语轻松学-艺术之都——佛罗伦萨(2) 　　佛罗伦萨提供了世人许多绝佳的艺术宝藏，它们有些矗立在花园和广场上，有些则陈列在华丽的宫墙上，而有些宝藏就是那些宫殿本身。对艺术爱好者而言，佛罗伦萨确实是天堂。 　　【世博读书笔记】 　　1．Treasure可以做名词和及物动词，主要有一下用法。 　　（1）做不可数名词，表示“金银财宝，财富”，如： 　　It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island. 　　据说海盗把他们的金银财宝埋藏在这个岛上。 　　（2）做可数名词，意思是“贵重物品”，如： 　　the art treasures of Louvre 　　卢浮宫的艺术珍品 　　（3）做动词，意思是“珍爱，珍视”，如： 　　We treasure our friendship. 　　我们珍惜我们之间的友谊。 　　2．Palace和paradise 　　palace有“皇宫、宫殿”的意思，如： 　　The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace. 　　英国女王住在白金汉宫。 　　Paradise指的是天上的宫殿，也就是“天堂”或“伊甸园”（通常大写），如： 　　For what were Adam and Eve expelled from Paradise? 　　亚当和夏娃是因为什么被逐出伊甸园的? 　　当然，那些能让人非常快乐的地方，也就是“乐园”，也叫paradise，如： 　　Hong Kong is a shopper‘s paradise. 　　香港是购物者的天堂。 　　【世博句型留言板】 　　an example of… 　　榜样，典范 　　This is an example of how to obey the rule. 　　这是个遵守纪律的好榜样。 　　It is a classic example of colonial architecture. 　　它是殖民地建筑的一个典范。 　　今天的节目就到这里，请大家掌握以下知识点： 　　1．treasure的用法， 　　2．palace和paradise， 　　3．an example of句型。 ;

fabricating/fabricated brand name臆造做动词用fabricating做形容词用fabricated这就看你主要是说臆造这个行为/过程,还是说假造的商标词了

Processing Factory

夸大的事实Exaggerated facts例句：某些人通过捏造或夸大的事实获得了不正当的优势，而把诚实的求职者挤出了竞争之列。Honest job seekers can be edged out of competition by individuals who give themselves an unfair advantage by fabricating or exaggerating credentials.

　　现场指接从事生产、工作、试验的场所，还是一档民生新闻节目，创办于1999年，经过10年耕耘，成长为福建新闻频道的高收视王牌栏目，在本土观众中具有极高的号召力和影响力。那么你知道现场用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。 　 　现场英语说法1： 　　scene 　　现场英语说法2： 　　site 　 　现场的相关 短语 ： 　　现场专辑 live album ; album live ; 　　施工现场 Construction site ; job site ; job location ; fabricating yard 　　现场焊接 site weld ; field welding ; Site-welding ; field system welding 　　现场储备 spot stock 　　现场平衡 field balancing ; on the spot balancing ; field balance ; 　　现场观众 Audience ; Live audience ; spot audience ; field audience 　　现场的英语例句： 　　1. I could never understand why Louise bothered with me. 　　我永远也不明白,为什么路易斯一直不嫌弃我. 　　2. The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone of the building. 　　一块曾被建筑师嫌弃的石头竟成了基石. 　　3. He was never ashamed in the least of his home, nor was Miriam of hers. 　　他从来也没有丝毫嫌弃自己家的意思, 米丽安也一样. 　　4. PHOEBE: Ok, this is the most romantic disease I"ve ever had. 　　菲比得了麻疹, 偏巧海军男友这时过来与她相聚,不但没嫌弃她丑陋,反而跑过来很热情地吻她.菲比说这是她得过的最浪漫的疾病了. 　　5. Love - was once fell in love, actually mutually shut out. 　　爱情是曾经相爱却互相嫌弃. 　　6. Just push the play bottom and listen! 　　不嫌弃的话,按下三角型的播放键来听听看吧! 　　7. Yet the two men dislike and distrust each other so much that they rarely speak. 　　但是这两个领单人互相嫌弃,互不信任,彼此之间也很少沟通. 　　8. Sometimes it just happens when elderly people have family who show no interest in them. 　　有时候老年人的家人嫌弃他们时,他们会一下子得这种病. 　　9. Though he had an infectious disease, his classmates didn"t cold - shoulder him at all. 　　他得了传染病, 可同学们一点不嫌弃. 　　10. Repulsed by her haggard appearance, the prince at the gift and the old woman away. 　　王子嫌弃她形如枯槁的面容, 不屑于衣衫褴褛老太婆手里的玫瑰,并且一触残忍地把她赶走. 　　11. Such as do not abandon, please start our comity long - distance run , open our true feelings. 　　如不嫌弃, 请开始我们的友谊 长跑 , 开启我们的心声.

smear Shuiguang needle光针 [词典] [医] light needle; [例句]介绍了光针式教学灵敏电流计的工作原理和制作方法。The working principle and the fabricating method of the light-pointer teaching galvanometer are introduced.

【专升本快速报名和免费咨询：https://www.87dh.com/xl/ 】1、A scarce fierce bird can easily pierce a commercial boat with great force.一只珍稀的猛禽能轻易地用力量穿透一只商船。2、A mistake in staking can overtake you like an earthquake.下注的一个错误能像地震一样压倒你。3、Handsome men are wholesome, though tiresome.英俊的男人有益健康，虽也令人疲倦。4、The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.这些新近被描述的语言和得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。5、As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.作为一名医生，我深知最昂贵和最激进的手段也可能是无效的和痛苦的。6、This passage appears to be a digest of a book review.本文似乎是一篇书评的摘要。7、 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation"s news coverage, as well as listen to it.随着BBC(英国广播公司)全世界电视节目的开播，亚洲和美洲的数以百万计的人不仅可以听到它的新闻广播，而且也能看到它的电视新闻报道了。8、The big city bewildered the old woman from the countryside.大城市把乡下来的老奶奶弄糊涂了。9、The saw a bizarre animal in the lake.他们在湖中看见一个奇怪的动物。10、Her face beamed with joy.她面露喜色。11、The applauding shepherd in the yard cannot offer the hazard of laughing at the absurd landlord who has a sword in his hand.院子里正在鼓掌的牧人无法承受嘲笑那个手里有剑的荒唐地主的代价。12、An agreeable fable comes from a noticeable cable which has been supposed to reliable and remarkable for an available variable. The message has enable the preferable innumerable.一个宜人的故事从一条被认为是可靠且可观的重要电缆传给了一个可获得的变量。这一消息使可疑的东西变得有理由，无理的东西变得有能力，可观的东西变得不可忍受，而可取的东西则变得无可计数了。13、The experience as audience gives us both conscience and obedience which will then lead to our patience instead of violence.做听众的经验使得我们有了良心和顺从，这将让我们具备耐心而非暴力。14、Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expression.人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。15、It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expression that only obscure one"s meaning.简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。16、With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。17、The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。18、The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。19、Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。20、Billie Holiday"s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.Billie Holiday"s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。 专升本有疑问、不知道如何总结专升本考点内容、不清楚专升本报名当地政策，点击底部咨询官网，免费领取复习资料：https://www.87dh.com/xl/

Li Huan student studying in France in the Paris meetings and processions on the speech (transcript) Ladies and gentlemen, dear French friends, How are you! I would first like to thank the people of Paris and Paris City Police Department has given us this opportunity today, let us gathered here. This is a rare occasion, and France is Europe"s largest in the history of Chinese assembly. I would like to representatives from other cities, by bus, train and car, from several hundred miles away at their own expense friends came to say a few words. Many of my friends could not meet with us here, but I Xiangti them to express their like us to China, France, the French people, as well as the concerns of Sino-French friendship. In the demonization of China"s distortions reported incident, we, the world of Chinese students, and we feel pain, our feelings were hurt, but we do not blame the French people, as a result of this is not the responsibility of people you, but some irresponsible media incitement family and career. Like all industries, the press and the media have their own to abide by professional ethics. Media to a fair, objective and the content of the verification, as well as moderate comments. In any case, we can not defamation and slander, there is no evidence to blame, and distorting the facts. In the most recent turn of events reports, some reporters beyond their original reports role, have turned into an absolute truth that since the critical home, and even ridiculous to simplify the incident. A weak and innocent victims and a huge and cruel thugs. Their role from the very beginning this was assigned artificially good. Then, reporters find ways and means to prove that these two roles. For example, on a selective history that the Chinese revolution is an inalienable part of China "aggression", while 95 percent said deliberately not languish in the dark of Tibetan politics and religion and the Nepal Police, as the Chinese police with a few decades ago, today"s photos things, the dissemination of information is not verified, for example, there is no credibility of the so-called death toll, as well as some people with ulterior motives use the oral. The description of those foreign tourists, and they let us get video of the mob that carried out without undue passers heinous violence, no one said that this is the media of the violence against the innocent. What is more, some irresponsible media manufacturing and force people to accept the one does not have any credibility and impartiality of evidence "bloody repression" hypothesis. Chinese media rarely invited in the program expounded their views, even if there are also put him in the defendant"s position, and the other is in the number several times in his "judges." Yes, you can criticize the Chinese Government over a period of time does not allow reporters Entry Into Tibet, but not fabrications do not know what This handling of the Tibet Information riots, is a kind of media violence, an ideological fraud, a right to speak hegemony, a distortion of the facts publicity, a shameless deceit. First of all victims of the French people, and how they have compassion and love hearts, they believe that the media can be, unfortunately, they were manipulated and deceived. Western mode of information or people have a copy mode, it is now no longer be. No one has the power to manipulate public opinion, not in China, nor anywhere in the world. This is the so-called freedom of expression pattern of another way to suppress freedom of expression. Some politicians as France"s elite thinking inert, let us immense shock. The so-called human rights, for some people, is the clarion call for jihad, and all for political purposes irresponsible incitement shield, for instance, the Robert Meinaer ( "Reporters Without Borders", chairman of the organization). Why this person in the tower that officials of the Moroccan prison repeated torture, American soldiers in Iraq was an insult to the time lost? This is not a selective blindness? UNESCO termination of the "Reporters Without Borders" support, in a notice, UNESCO explained that Reporters Without Borders said on many occasions in the absence of objective coverage of certain countries in the process of the loss of professional journalists moral. Why? From the Internet, as well as our recognition of Mr. Robert information, we understand the "Reporters Without Borders" is derived from the financial support of some close ties with the United States Central Intelligence Organization. We, overseas Chinese students, we are very distressing, and our feelings were hurt, but we do not hate the French. We are two totally different world experience and information exchange between the bridge, we are also the cultural, ideological, political conflicts especially the first victims. Chinese people in the country believe that we are on foreign students studying these views. They have the knowledge and abroad impression on this group of students feeling. Faced with fabricating false news or transfer of the accused Western media, we have many of these students have started to counterattack, in the debate on the Internet and call for the authenticity of reports. We note that some media were "feed" some French people for China has a deep prejudice. In the Olympic boycott, boycott China, the so-called free them shouting Tibet, the Chinese people of the Western world to examine and distrust is growing. The Chinese Government"s efforts to achieve perfection is far from the stage that it is the world"s most perfect and that it is the world"s worst in the same ridiculous. But we of this generation, our 20-year-old to 30-year-old young people, from our young from the time when we have been living continuously improve the standard of living in China continues to open up freedom and the environment. We are very surprised, and in this regard all to the good development of the moment, we are living in this time better than ever before, more and more foreign people have wanted to us from the so-called "the world"s largest dictatorship," " rescue "come out! I would like to ask, Where are you in the past? Those of us in the West to learn Chinese and we are full of confidence for the future. Indeed, China has a lot of things to do, and we, we Chinese people, but also the realization of these advances have unprecedented confidence. China has another kind of culture, another kind of history, and the other volume. Sociology is not a precise science like mathematics. In this regard, we must become a "universal model" There are too many variables. To China! To see a true, complete, China, a lot of the Western media will not show to your China to Tibet! Use your eyes to witness the so-called "cultural genocide", whether this extinction really exist and whether they are Tibetan "disappeared", those lamas who is not free to their religious beliefs, in the Tibetans than it is to Lai under the rule of the divine right live better! And those on the older Tibetans chat, they will never be able to forget the talk about the "Buddhist heaven." We need to direct exchanges, and more knowledge exchange, we will continue to contribute to it! We support the Chinese students studying in the Olympic Games and support the Olympic Games to be held in China, accounting for one-fifth of humanity country with a population of qualified contractors Olympic Games. Who are the Olympic Games? The Olympics belong to you, I belong, we belong to, and belongs to all of us, the whole world belongs to the people. This is not a political game. Dear politicians, anti-China political forces who are the pawns, please stop you for the Olympic Games pollution. China, as the host country, the people of the world would like to send a best gift. Tens of thousands of blood to the Chinese people for many years, is to this day. They are welcome to the world open embrace of the people. When the Olympic flame around the world transmission, the same message is a message that you welcome the arrival of the Chinese people and expect you to celebrate this event with a human face of love and care. When some media that the torch relay to China"s failure is a slap in the face. When represent love and peace torch, be an insult to some specialized protesters act, I think it is a slap in the face, but not to China, but the Chinese people, and to the French people, for all the world loves Olympic people. Many French people seem to have a fear of China, which comes from the fear of China"s ignorance. This is the reason why we hope you can communicate directly and we, through our, love and hope that the consolidation of the Sino-French friendship bridge to a better understanding of China. China and her culture doomed our peace-loving nature. Tongyiliuguo since the Qin Dynasty, China ended with a split of the original state to become a complete and independent country. We belong to one big family. I think this is a 5000 cultural history of the height. This will be worrying? But culture is live with vitality. When you use chopsticks in the China Hotel, when you forward the Chinese culture to carry out its full embrace. Demonize China will allow the Chinese people have become more and stay away from the Western world, can only exacerbate the distance between the people. Please let us good communication! We would like to give you one other information. We Chinese students, very sincerely hope that the French people do not have hostile feelings between, because in any case this is not rational, and it is useless. Understanding of the two different cultures we hope that the people of the two countries become a bridge, an information communication points. We express to you is that the Chinese people"s real thoughts and feelings, we will also convey the French people on China"s goodwill concern. Please believe me, this bridge will be an unprecedented strong, especially in extremely regrettable that under the current situation. My dear French friends, we warmly welcome all of you to come, and even those who want to "create chaos in Beijing" (a member of the European Parliament"s remarks) people. We will help them find a good insurance companies, providing them with a kind of cover all civil liability insurance. Beijing let us see it, dear friends! Thank you, Thank you very much!

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编译 | 未玖 Science , 13 MAY 2022, VOL 376, ISSUE 6594 《科学》 2022年5月13日，第376卷，6594期 物理学 Physics Quantum gas microscopy of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang superdiffusion KPZ超扩散的量子气体显微镜 作者：DAVID WEI, ANTONIO RUBIO-ABADAL, BINGTIAN YE, FRANCISCO MACHADO, JACK KEMP, KRITSANA SRAKAEW, ET AL. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk2397 摘要： Kardar-Parisi-Zhang（KPZ）普适性类描述了大量经典随机模型的粗粒度行为。令人惊讶的是，最近人们推测KPZ普适性也可用于描述一维量子海森堡模型中的自旋输运。 研究组通过多达50个自旋的自旋链畴壁弛豫，在冷原子量子模拟器中实验探测输运来验证这个猜想。他们发现，畴壁弛豫确实由KPZ动力学指数z=3/2控制，KPZ标度的出现需要可积性和非阿贝尔SU(2)对称性。 最后，研究组利用量子气体显微镜实现的单自旋敏感性探测，来测量基于自旋输运统计的可观测数据。该研究结果产生了一个明确的非线性特征，这是KPZ普适性的一个标志。 Abstract： The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class describes the coarse-grained behavior of a wealth of classical stochastic models. Surprisingly, KPZ universality was recently conjectured to also describe spin transport in the one-dimensional quantum Heisenberg model. We tested this conjecture by experimentally probing transport in a cold-atom quantum simulator via the relaxation of domain walls in spin chains of up to 50 spins. We found that domain-wall relaxation is indeed governed by the KPZ dynamical exponent z = 3/2 and that the occurrence of KPZ scaling requires both integrability and a nonabelian SU(2) symmetry. Finally, we leveraged the single-spin–sensitive detection enabled by the quantum gas microscope to measure an observable based on spin-transport statistics. Our results yield a clear signature of the nonlinearity that is a hallmark of KPZ universality. Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet 在长程量子磁体中观测新兴流体动力学 作者：M. K. JOSHI, F. KRANZL, A. SCHUCKERT, I. LOVAS, C. MAIER, R. BLATT, ET AL. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk2400 摘要： 确定非平衡量子态的普适性质是现代物理学的一个重大挑战。一个有趣的预测是，经典流体力学普遍出现在任何相互作用的量子系统演化中。 研究组通过实验探测了51个单独控制离子的量子动力学，实现了长程相互作用的自旋链。通过测量无限温度状态下的时空分辨关联函数，他们观测到了整个从正常扩散到反常超扩散的流体动力学普适性类家族，均由Lévy飞行描述。 研究组提取了流体力学理论的输运系数，反映了系统的微观性质。该结果表明，工程量子系统有潜力为量子物质非平衡态的普适性提供关键见解。 Abstract： Identifying universal properties of nonequilibrium quantum states is a major challenge in modern physics. A fascinating prediction is that classical hydrodynamics emerges universally in the evolution of any interacting quantum system. We experimentally probed the quantum dynamics of 51 inpidually controlled ions, realizing a long-range interacting spin chain. By measuring space-time–resolved correlation functions in an infinite temperature state, we observed a whole family of hydrodynamic universality classes, ranging from normal diffusion to anomalous superdiffusion, that are described by Lévy flights. We extracted the transport coefficients of the hydrodynamic theory, reflecting the microscopic properties of the system. Our observations demonstrate the potential for engineered quantum systems to provide key insights into universal properties of nonequilibrium states of quantum matter. 材料科学 Materials Science Highly enhanced ferroelectricity in Hf O2 -based ferroelectric thin film by light ion bombardment 轻离子轰击增强HfO2基铁电薄膜的铁电性 作者：SEUNGHUN KANG, WOO-SUNG JANG, ANNA N. MOROZOVSKA, OWOONG KWON, YEONGROK JIN, YOUNG-HOON KIM, et al. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk3195 摘要： 非易失和准同型的后摩尔电子器件的不断发展需要集成铁电材料和半导体材料。与原子层沉积兼容的氧化铪（Hf O2 ）基铁电体的出现开辟了有趣且颇有前景的研究途径。然而，Hf O2 中铁电性的起源和控制途径仍然是个谜。 研究组证明了局部氦（He）注入可以激活这些材料中的铁电性。他们还分析了可能的竞争机制，包括He离子引发的摩尔体积变化、空位再分布、空位生成和空位迁移率的激活。 这些发现既揭示了该系统中铁电性的起源，也为纳米工程二元铁电体开辟了新途径。 Abstract： Continuous advancement in nonvolatile and morphotropic beyond-Moore electronic devices requires integration of ferroelectric and semiconductor materials. The emergence of hafnium oxide (Hf O2 )–based ferroelectrics that are compatible with atomic-layer deposition has opened interesting and promising avenues of research. However, the origins of ferroelectricity and pathways to controlling it in Hf O2 are still mysterious. We demonstrate that local helium (He) implantation can activate ferroelectricity in these materials. The possible competing mechanisms, including He ion–induced molar volume changes, vacancy redistribution, vacancy generation, and activation of vacancy mobility, are analyzed. These findings both reveal the origins of ferroelectricity in this system and open pathways for nanoengineered binary ferroelectrics Ultrafast water permeation through nanochannels with a densely fluorous interior surface 内表面致密氟纳米通道可超快渗透水 作者：YOSHIMITSU ITOH, SHUO CHEN, RYOTA HIRAHARA, TAKESHI KONDA, TSUBASA AOKI, TAKUMI UEDA, ET AL. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abd0966 摘要： 水通道蛋白的疏水性内表面促进了水在其中的超快渗透。聚四氟乙烯有着致密的氟面，因此具有很强的防水性。 研究组报道了一系列内径为0.9-1.9纳米的含氟低聚酰胺纳米环。这些纳米环在磷脂双层膜中进行超分子聚合，形成含氟纳米通道，其内壁被氟原子密集覆盖。直径最小的纳米通道的水渗透通量比水通道蛋白和碳纳米管的水渗透通量大两个数量级。 该研究所提出的纳米通道具有可忽略的氯离子（C l- ）渗透性，这是由静电负氟内表面提供的强大静电屏障造成的。因此，这种纳米通道有望在脱盐过程中显示出近乎完美的阻盐。 Abstract： Ultrafast water permeation in aquaporins is promoted by their hydrophobic interior surface. Polytetrafluoroethylene has a dense fluorine surface, leading to its strong water repellence. We report a series of fluorous oligoamide nanorings with interior diameters ranging from 0.9 to 1.9 nanometers. These nanorings undergo supramolecular polymerization in phospholipid bilayer membranes to form fluorous nanochannels, the interior walls of which are densely covered with fluorine atoms. The nanochannel with the smallest diameter exhibits a water permeation flux that is two orders of magnitude greater than those of aquaporins and carbon nanotubes. The proposed nanochannel exhibits negligible chloride ion (C l- ) permeability caused by a powerful electrostatic barrier provided by the electrostatically negative fluorous interior surface. Thus, this nanochannel is expected to show nearly perfect salt reflectance for desalination. 化学 Chemistry Scalable processing for realizing 21.7%-efficient all-perovskite tandem solar modules 可扩展处理实现21.7%效率的全钙钛矿串联太阳能模块 作者：KE XIAO, YEN-HUNG LIN, MEI ZHANG, ROBERT D. J. OLIVER, XI WANG, ZHOU LIU, ET AL. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn7696 摘要： 将全钙钛矿串联太阳能电池作为模块而非单结结构来制造面临诸多挑战，包括生长高质量的宽禁带钙钛矿，以及减缓互连触点处卤化物和金属互扩散造成的不可逆退化。 研究组展示了使用可扩展制造技术制备高效全钙钛矿串联太阳能模块。通过系统调节无甲基铵1.8eV混合卤化物钙钛矿的铯比，他们提升了大面积刀片涂层薄膜的结晶均匀性。 研究组在互连的子电池间引入导电共形“扩散势垒”，以提高全钙钛矿串联太阳能模块的功率转换效率（PCE）和稳定性。 该串联模块获得了21.7%的认证PCE，孔径面积为20 c m2 ，在模拟1-太阳光照下连续运行500小时后仍保持75%的初始效率。 Abstract： Challenges in fabricating all-perovskite tandem solar cells as modules rather than as single-junction configurations include growing high-quality wide-bandgap perovskites and mitigating irreversible degradation caused by halide and metal interdiffusion at the interconnecting contacts. We demonstrate efficient all-perovskite tandem solar modules using scalable fabrication techniques. By systematically tuning the cesium ratio of a methylammonium-free 1.8–electron volt mixed-halide perovskite, we improve the homogeneity of crystallization for blade-coated films over large areas. An electrically conductive conformal “diffusion barrier” is introduced between interconnecting subcells to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of all-perovskite tandem solar modules. Our tandem modules achieve a certified PCE of 21.7% with an aperture area of 20 square centimeters and retain 75% of their initial efficiency after 500 hours of continuous operation under simulated 1-sun illumination. 地球科学 Earth Science High-resolution mapping of losses and gains of Earth"s tidal wetlands 全球潮汐湿地消长的高分辨率绘图 作者：NICHOLAS J. MURRAY, THOMAS A. WORTHINGTON, PETE BUNTING, STEPHANIE DUCE, VALERIE HAGGER, CATHERINE E. LOVELOCK, ET AL. 链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm9583 摘要： 人们预期潮汐湿地会对全球环境变化做出动态响应，但湿地损失在多大程度上被湿地增加所抵消仍不清楚。 研究组对卫星数据进行了全球分析，以同时监测1999-2019年间三种高度互联的潮间生态系统类型——潮滩、潮沼和红树林的变化。 在全球范围内，13700 k m2 的潮汐湿地已经消失，但被9700 k m2 的湿地增加所抵消后，最终20年间净缩减4000 k m2 。 研究组发现，这些损失和增长中有27%与直接人类活动有关，例如转向农业和恢复失去的湿地。所有其他变化都归因于间接驱动因素，包括沿海过程和气候变化的影响。 Abstract： Tidal wetlands are expected to respond dynamically to global environmental change, but the extent to which wetland losses have been offset by gains remains poorly understood. We developed a global analysis of satellite data to simultaneously monitor change in three highly interconnected intertidal ecosystem types—tidal flats, tidal marshes, and mangroves—from 1999 to 2019. Globally, 13,700 square kilometers of tidal wetlands have been lost, but these have been substantially offset by gains of 9700 k m2 , leading to a net change of 4000 k m2 over two decades. We found that 27% of these losses and gains were associated with direct human activities such as conversion to agriculture and restoration of lost wetlands. All other changes were attributed to indirect drivers, including the effects of coastal processes and climate change.

EVA材料的MSDS报告可以LX

编译 | 未玖 Science , 06 AUGUST 2021, VOL 373, ISSUE 6555 《科学》 2021年8月6日，第373卷，6555期 物理学 Physics Quantum-enhanced sensing of displacements and electric fields with two-dimensional trapped-ion crystals 二维捕获离子晶体对位移和电场的量子增强传感 作者：Kevin A. Gilmore, Matthew Affolter, Robert J. Lewis-Swan, Diego Barberena, Elena Jordan, Ana Maria Rey. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/673 摘要 完全可控的超冷原子系统正在为量子传感创造机会，但通过利用纠缠展示有价值应用中的量子优势仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。 研究组实现了一个多体量子增强传感器，使用约150个捕获离子的晶体来探测位移和电场。晶体的质心振动模式作为高Q机械振荡器，集体电子自旋作为测量装置。 通过纠缠振荡器和集体自旋，并通过多体回波控制相干动力学，位移被映射为自旋旋转，同时避免了量子反作用和热噪声。 研究组实现了低于标准量子极限8.8 0.4分贝的位移灵敏度，以及在1秒内测量240 10纳伏/米的电场灵敏度。适当改进后应该能够利用捕获离子来寻找暗物质。 Abstract Fully controllable ultracold atomic systems are creating opportunities for quantum sensing, yet demonstrating a quantum advantage in useful applications by harnessing entanglement remains a challenging task. Here, we realize a many-body quantum-enhanced sensor to detect displacements and electric fields using a crystal of ~150 trapped ions. The center-of-mass vibrational mode of the crystal serves as a high-Q mechanical oscillator, and the collective electronic spin serves as the measurement device. By entangling the oscillator and collective spin and controlling the coherent dynamics via a many-body echo, a displacement is mapped into a spin rotation while avoiding quantum back-action and thermal noise. We achieve a sensitivity to displacements of 8.8 0.4 decibels below the standard quantum limit and a sensitivity for measuring electric fields of 240 10 nanovolts per meter in 1 second. Feasible improvements should enable the use of trapped ions in searches for dark matter. Modeling of emergent memory and voltage spiking in ionic transport through angstrom-scale slits 埃级别狭缝离子输运中的新兴记忆和电压尖峰模型 作者：Paul Robin, Nikita Kavokine, Lydéric Bocquet. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/687 摘要 纳米流体学的最新进展使水能够限制在单个分子层内。这种单分子层电解质有望通过离子传输的分子控制实现生物激发功能。然而，人们对这些体系中的离子动力学的了解仍然很少。 研究组发展了一个由分子动力学模拟支持的分析理论，该理论预测了离子输运在准二维狭缝中的强非线性效应。 研究组发现，在电场作用下，离子聚集成细长的团簇，其缓慢的动力学行为导致滞后传导。这种现象被称为忆阻效应，可以用来构建基本神经元。 作为概念证明，研究组对两个纳米流体狭缝进行了分子模拟，重现了霍奇金-赫胥黎模型，并观察了具有神经形态活动特征的电压尖峰自发发射。 Abstract Recent advances in nanofluidics have enabled the confinement of water down to a single molecular layer. Such monolayer electrolytes show promise in achieving bioinspired functionalities through molecular control of ion transport. However, the understanding of ion dynamics in these systems is still scarce. Here, we develop an analytical theory, backed up by molecular dynamics simulations, that predicts strongly nonlinear effects in ion transport across quasi–two-dimensional slits. We show that under an electric field, ions assemble into elongated clusters, whose slow dynamics result in hysteretic conduction. This phenomenon, known as the memristor effect, can be harnessed to build an elementary neuron. As a proof of concept, we carry out molecular simulations of two nanofluidic slits that reproduce the Hodgkin-Huxley model and observe spontaneous emission of voltage spikes characteristic of neuromorphic activity. 材料科学 Materials Science Suppressing atomic diffusion with the Schwarz crystal structure in supersaturated Al–Mg alloys 施瓦茨晶体结构抑制过饱和铝镁合金中的原子扩散 作者：W. Xu, B. Zhang, X. Y. Li, K. Lu. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/683 摘要 金属中的高原子扩散率可通过调整扩散过程实现其结构和性能的可调性，但这会导致其定制性能在高温下不稳定。通过制造单晶或大量合金化消除扩散界面有助于解决这一问题，但不会抑制高同系温度下的原子扩散。 研究组发现施瓦茨晶体结构在具有极细晶粒的过饱和铝镁合金中可有效抑制原子扩散。通过形成这些稳定的结构，纳米晶粒中扩散控制的金属间化合物析出及其粗化被抑制到平衡熔化温度，在此温度附近，表观跨边界扩散率降低了约七个数量级。 利用施瓦茨晶体结构开发先进的高温应用工程合金意义重大。 Abstract High atomic diffusivity in metals enables substantial tuneability of their structure and properties by tailoring the diffusional processes, but this causes their customized properties to be unstable at elevated temperatures. Eliminating diffusive interfaces by fabricating single crystals or heavily alloying helps to address this issue but does not inhibit atomic diffusion at high homologous temperatures. We discovered that the Schwarz crystal structure was effective at suppressing atomic diffusion in a supersaturated aluminum–magnesium alloy with extremely fine grains. By forming these stable structures, diffusion-controlled intermetallic precipitation from the nanosized grains and their coarsening were inhibited up to the equilibrium melting temperature, around which the apparent across-boundary diffusivity was reduced by about seven orders of magnitude. Developing advanced engineering alloys using the Schwarz crystal structure may lead to useful properties for high-temperature applications. Hierarchical-morphology metafabric for scalable passive daytime radiative cooling 被动日间辐射冷却的形态分级超材料织物 作者：Shaoning Zeng, Sijie Pian, Minyu Su, Zhuning Wang, Maoqi Wu, Xinhang Liu, et al. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/692 摘要 将被动辐射冷却结构融入个人热管理技术可有效保护人类免受日益加剧的全球气候变化影响。 研究组发现，由于整个超材料织物中随机分散的散射体的形态分级设计，大规模编织的超材料织物可在大气窗口中具有94.5%的高发射率，在太阳光谱中具有92.4%的高反射率。 通过可扩展的工业纺织品制造路线，研究组的超材料织物在保持高辐射冷却能力的同时，展现出了商业服装理想的机械强度、防水性和透气性。实际应用测试表明，这种超材料织物覆盖的人体温度可比商用棉织物覆盖的人体温度低约4.8 。 超材料织物的成本效益和高性能为智能服装、智能纺织品和被动辐射冷却应用提供了巨大优势。 Abstract Incorporating passive radiative cooling structures into personal thermal management technologies could effectively defend humans against intensifying global climate change. We show that large-scale woven metafabrics can provide high emissivity (94.5%) in the atmospheric window and high reflectivity (92.4%) in the solar spectrum because of the hierarchical-morphology design of the randomly dispersed scatterers throughout the metafabric. Through scalable industrial textile manufacturing routes, our metafabrics exhibit desirable mechanical strength, waterproofness, and breathability for commercial clothing while maintaining efficient radiative cooling ability. Practical application tests demonstrated that a human body covered by our metafabric could be cooled ~4.8 C lower than one covered by commercial cotton fabric. The cost-effectiveness and high performance of our metafabrics present substantial advantages for intelligent garments, smart textiles, and passive radiative cooling applications. Semiconductor quantum dots: Technological progress and future challenges 半导体量子点：技术进步与未来挑战 作者：F. Pelayo García de Arquer, Dmitri V. Talapin, Victor I. Klimov, Yasuhiko Arakawa, Manfred Bayer, Edward H. Sargent. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/eaaz8541 摘要 在量子限域的半导体纳米结构中，电子表现出与块状固体不同的行为。这使得设计具有可调化学、物理、电学和光学特性的材料成为可能。 零维半导体量子点（QD）在可见光和红外波长范围内具有较强的光吸收和明亮的窄带发射，并已被设计用于显示器件光学增益和激光。这些特性对成像、太阳能采集、显示和通信都很有意义。 研究组详述了量子点纳米材料的合成和机理进展，重点介绍了胶体量子点，并讨论了它们在显示与照明、激光、传感、电子、太阳能转换、光催化和量子信息等技术方面的前景。 Abstract In quantum-confined semiconductor nanostructures, electrons exhibit distinctive behavior compared with that in bulk solids. This enables the design of materials with tunable chemical, physical, electrical, and optical properties. Zero-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) offer strong light absorption and bright narrowband emission across the visible and infrared wavelengths and have been engineered to exhibit optical gain and lasing. These properties are of interest for imaging, solar energy harvesting, displays, and communications. Here, we offer an overview of advances in the synthesis and understanding of QD nanomaterials, with a focus on colloidal QDs, and discuss their prospects in technologies such as displays and lighting, lasers, sensing, electronics, solar energy conversion, photocatalysis, and quantum information. 化学 Chemistry Watching a hydroperoxyalkyl radical (u2022QOOH) dissociate 观察氢过氧烷基自由基（u2022QOOH）离解 作者：Anne S. Hansen, Trisha Bhagde, Kevin B. Moore III, Daniel R. Moberg, Ahren W. Jasper, Yuri Georgievskii, et al. 链接： https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6555/679 摘要 通过红外指纹图谱，研究人员可直接观察到一种在挥发性有机化合物氧化过程中短暂形成的典型氢过氧烷基自由基（u2022QOOH）中间体，可能量依赖性单分子衰变为羟基自由基和环醚产物。 在宽能量范围内，u2022QOOH单分子离解率直接时域测量的结果，与使用最先进的过渡态势垒区电子结构表征的理论预测结果一致。 大量重原子隧穿增强了单分子衰变，包括沿反应途径的O-O延伸和C-C-O角收缩。主方程模型对u2022QOOH中间体的压力依赖性热单分子离解率进行了全面的先验预测（重原子隧穿再次增加了该离解率），这是大气化学和燃烧化学全球模型所需的。 Abstract A prototypical hydroperoxyalkyl radical (u2022QOOH) intermediate, transiently formed in the oxidation of volatile organic compounds, was directly observed through its infrared fingerprint and energy-dependent unimolecular decay to hydroxyl radical and cyclic ether products. Direct time-domain measurements of u2022QOOH unimolecular dissociation rates over a wide range of energies were found to be in accord with those predicted theoretically using state-of-the-art electronic structure characterizations of the transition state barrier region. Unimolecular decay was enhanced by substantial heavy-atom tunneling involving O-O elongation and C-C-O angle contraction along the reaction pathway. Master equation modeling yielded a fully a priori prediction of the pressure-dependent thermal unimolecular dissociation rates for the u2022QOOH intermediate—again increased by heavy-atom tunneling—which are required for global models of atmospheric and combustion chemistry.

期刊名 nanotechnology 出版周期: 周刊 中科院杂志分区 工程：综合分类下的 2 区期刊 近4年影响因子:2013年度 2012年度 2011年度 2010年度 3.672 3.842 3.979 3.644 出版社或管理机构 杂志由 IOP PUBLISHING LTD 出版或管理。 ISSN号：0957-4484 杂志简介/稿件收录要求 In response to the growth in research in the area and the extension of nanotechnology across traditional academic fields the journal will be changing its scope from January 2002. The new scope will strongly reflect the interdisciplinary aspect of nanoscale science and technology with the aim of becoming the primary source of information in this ever expanding field. In the meantime we invite authors who work at the forefront of nanoscale science and technology, and especially those in interdisciplinary areas, to submit their papers to the journal. Present subject coverage. Papers are expected to be original experimental or theoretical research or to be an original synthesis or analysis of subjects related to nanotechnology. Here, nanotechnology is taken to include all those technologies and enabling technologies associated with either the "top-down" approach to fabricating miniature elements by sculpting the desired structure from a macroscopic piece of material, as well as the "bottom-up" approach of building the desired structure atom by atom or molecule by molecule. Typical appropriate topics include, but are not limited to: engineering fabrication involving atomic level machining and metrology involving dimension, size and tolerances less than the wavelength of light and down to values of at largest 0.2 nm, but preferably to x-ray levels and beyond; performance of micromechanisms such as microactuators to subnanometre and molecular levels; the design of instruments and machine tools capable of measuring, performing and manufacturing to nanometre levels; the application of nanometre level instruments such as scanning tunnelling microscopes and atomic force microscopes to biology, medicine and materials science; miniaturization of electronic, mechanical and optical components, and their fabrication with such methods as ion-beam removal and deposition, molecular-beam epitaxy and electron-beam and photon-beam lithography; fabrication and use of field-emission vacuum microelectronic devices; nanoelectronics including nanometre scale semiconductor structures and their potential electronic device applications; molecular engineering--either molecular scale components or new molecular materials exhibiting unique electronic, mechanical or optical properties; nanoprecision instrumentation, e.g., x-ray multilayer thin-film fabrication and associated surface processing.

The Statue of Liberty Out of all of America"s symbols, none has proved more enduring or evocative than the Statue of Liberty. This giant figure, torch in hand and clutching a stone tablet, has for a century acted as a figurehead for the American Dream; indeed there is probably no more immediately recognizable profile in existence. It"s worth remembering that the statue is - for Americans at least - a potent reminder that the USA is a land of immigrants: it was New York Harbor where the first big waves of European immigrants arrived, their ships entering through the Verrazano Narrows to round the bend of the bay and catch a first glimpse of "Liberty Enlightening the World" - an end of their journey into the unknown, and the symbolic beginning of a new life. These days, although only the very wealthy can afford to arrive here by sea, and a would-be immigrant"s first (and possibly last) view of the States is more likely to be the customs check at JFK Airport, Liberty remains a stirring sight, with Emma Lazarus"s poem, The New Colossus, written originally to raise funds for the statue"s base, no less quotable than when it was written…… Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips."Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse to your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door." The statue, which depicts Liberty throwing off her shackles and holding a beacon to light the world, was the creation of the French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, who crafted it a hundred years after the American Revolution in recognition of solidarity between the French and American people (though it"s fair to add that Bartholdi originally intended the statue for Alexandria in Egypt). Bartholdi built Liberty in Paris between 1874 and 1884, starting with a terracotta model and enlarging it through four successive versions to its present size, a construction of thin copper sheets bolted together and supported by an iron framework designed by Gustave Eiffel. The arm carrying the torch was exhibited in Madison Square Park for seven years, but the whole statue wasn"t officially accepted on behalf of the American people until 1884, after which it was taken apart, crated up and shipped to New York. It was to be another two years before it could be properly unveiled: money had to be collected to fund the construction of the base, and for some reason Americans were unwilling - or unable - to dip into their pockets. Only through the campaigning efforts of newspaper magnate Joseph Pulitzer, a keen supporter of the statue, did it all come together in the end. Richard Morris Hunt built a pedestal around the existing star-shaped Fort Wood, and Liberty was formally dedicated by President Cleveland on October 28, 1886, in a flag-waving shindig that has never really stopped. The statue was closed for a few years in the mid-1980s for extensive renovation and, in 1986, fifteen million people descended on Manhattan for the statue"s centennial celebrations. Today you can climb steps up to the crown, but the cramped stairway though the torch sadly remains closed to the public. Don"t be surprised if there"s an hour-long wait to ascend. Even if there is, Liberty Park"s views of the lower Manhattan skyline, the twin towers of the World Trade Center lording it over the jutting teeth of New York"s financial quarter, are spectacular enough.

A Life Full of Riches I. Vocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases1) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear 5) dated 6) consequences 7) seemingly 8) in contrast to 9) Curiosity 10) genuine 11) primarily 12) sentiments 2. Rewrite each sentence1) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first 2) vital to the existence of all forms of life 3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject 4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy 5) tickled him to think that sheu2019d come to ask his advice 3. Complete the sentences 1) a lingering, fabricating, sentiments 2) fill out, every item, vital, consequences 3) be denied, tangible, cherish, attain II. Words with Multiple Meanings 1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus. 2. She arrived early and took a front row seat. 3. Donu2019t take me for a fool. 4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story. 5. My uncle will take me (alone on his trip) to the Arctic this summer. 6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him. 7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition. 8. If you donu2019t take my advice, you will regret it. III. Usage 1. hanging 2. to give 3. to return 4. being praised 5. not having 6. to say 7. to open 8. being helped Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4) bracket 5) deny 6) tangible 7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt 11) focus 12) donations 2. Theme-related 1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically 6) security 7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) follows II. Translation 1. Translate the Sentences 1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose. 2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly. 3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. Thatu2019s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school. 4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life. 5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs. 2. Translate the passage With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.

REFEREED JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS20051． Sheng-Li Chen, Ke-Qi Xu, and Peng Dong，Preparation of Three-Dimensionally Ordered Inorganic/Organic Bi-Continuous Composite Proton Conducting Membranes，Chemistry of Materials, 2005，17 （24），pp 5880 – 5883。2． Sheng-Li Chen, Jay B. Benziger, Andrew B. Bocarsly, and Tao Zhang， Photo-Cross-Linking of Sulfonated Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene Copolymer Membranes for Fuel Cells，Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.; 2005; 44(20) pp 7701 – 7705。3． Sheng-Li Chen, A.B. Bocarsly, J. Benziger， Nafion Layered Sulfonated Polysulfone Fuel Cell Membranes， Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 151, 2，27~33.7. Liu RX, Dong P, Shen-Li Chen， Monodisperse SiO2/TiO2 core-shell colloidal spheres: Synthesis and ordered self-assembling. Chemistry Letters, 34 (4), 548-549 APR 5 2005.8. 王小冬，董鹏，陈胜利，翟文嵩，乳液种子生长法制备亚微米单分散聚苯乙烯微球，中国粉体技术，2005，11卷（专辑）, P14-18.9. 董鹏, 陈胜利, 王晓冬, 袁桂梅,纳米/亚微米级粒度标准物质的研究, 中国粉体技术, 2005，11卷（专辑）P.5-9. (Chinese)。10. 张胜振，董鹏，张毓莹，陈胜利，“TiO2/SiO2催化剂的1－己烯异构化性能研究”，石油与天然气化工，2005，34（1），3－7(Chinese)。20041. 仪桂云，董鹏，王晓冬，刘丽霞，陈胜利，“三维有序大孔聚苯乙烯底制备及表征”，物理学报，2004年，53（10），3311～3315。(Chinese)2. P. Dong, Q. Zhou, L. Liu, X. Wang, R. Liu, S-L Chen, B. Cheng, “Progress in the Ordered self-assemblies of monodisperse colloidal spheres and their application”, Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2004, Vol.4 Suppl. 359-365. (Chinese)3. Sheng-Li Chen, L. Krishnan, S. Srinivasan, J. Benziger, A.B. Bocarsly, “Ion exchange resin/polystyrene sulfonate composite membranes for PEM fuel cells"", Journal of Membrane Science, 2004, 243, 327–333.4. X-S Chai, Q.X. Hou, J.Y. Zhu, Sheng-Li Chen, S.F. Wang and L. Lucia, “Carboxyl Groups in Wood fibers: Part I. Determination of Carboxyl Groups by Headspace Gas Chromatography”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42, 5440-54445. Sheng-Li Chen, and Lucian Lucia, “New insights into the fundamental nature of lignocellulosic fiber surface charge”, Journal of Colloid & Interface Sci。 2004, 275, 392-397.Before 20041. Sheng-Li Chen, Lucian Lucia, “Improved Method for the Evaluation of Cellulose Degradation”, J. Wood Sci., 2003, 49, 285-288.2. Sheng-Li Chen, Lucian Lucia, “Fundamental Insight into the Mechanism of Oxygen Delignification of Kraft Pulps: II. Application of surfactants”, Cell. Chem. Technol. 2002, 5-64, 495-505.3. Sheng-Li Chen, Lucian Lucia, “Fundamental Insight into the Mechanism of Oxygen Delignification of Kraft Pulps: I. The Influence of a Novel Carbonhydrate Protective System ”, Cell. Chem. Technol. 2002, 3-4, 339-351.4. 劳力华，陈胜利，“合成温度对VPO催化剂比表面的影响”， 工业催化，2002，10（1），51-54. (Chinese)5. 劳力华，陈胜利，”VPO-U型催化剂用于正戊烷氧化生产苯酐和顺酐的研究”，山东化工，2001，30，20-24. (Chinese)6. Chen Sheng-Li; Shao Han-Cheng, “A New Route to Prepare VPO Catalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Pentane”, Chinese Journal of Catalyst, 1999, 20(5), 553-5567. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al.,“TEM Examination and mechanism of the Formation of Monosize Colloidal Silica Spheres”, Wuji Cailiao Xuebao (J. of Inorganic Materials)，1998, Vol.13 (3), 368-374(Chinese).8. Chen Sheng-Li, “Preparation of monosize silica spheres and their crystalline stack”, Colloidal and Surface, 1998, 142(1), 59-63.9. Niu Gen-Lin, Chen Sheng-Li, et al. “Preliminary Study on Selective Oxidation of Pentane to Phthalic and Maleic Anhydrides”, Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals, 1998, 29(7), 7-9(Chinese).10. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al. The Size-dependence of the Growth Rate of the Monosize Silica Particles, J. Colloid & Interface Sci., 1997, 189, 2, 268-272.11. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al., The Kinetics of Formation of Monodisperse Colloidal Silica Particles through the Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetraethyl-orthosilicate, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1996, 35(12), 4487~4493.12. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al., Characteristic Aspects of Formation of New Particles during the Growth of Monosize Silica Seeds , J. Colloid & Interface Sci., 1996, 180(1), 237-241.13. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al., “ Chemical State of Carbon in Monodisperse Silica Spheres Prepared from Alkoxysilanes”, Wuli Huaxue Xuebao (Acta Physco-chimica), 1995, Vol.11(7), 646-649 (Chinese)14. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng, et al., “ Mild Cracking Solvent Deasphalting: a New Method for Upgrading Petroleum Residue”, Fuel, 1994, V.73(3), 439-442.15. Chen Sheng-Li, “Simple Method for Solving Batch Crystallizer Model”, Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (J. of University of Petroleum, China), 1994, 18(2), 81-85 (Chinese).16. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng, et al., “Supercritical Solvent Deasphalting Process for Residual Oil”, Lianyou Sheji (Petroleum Refinery Engineering), 1993, 23(4), 17-21(Chinese).17. Chen Sheng-Li, “Energy Consumption of Supercritical Solvent Deasphalting Process for Residual Oil”, Qilu Shiyou Huagong (Qilu Petrochemical Technology), 1993, 21(3), 196-198 (Chinese).18. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng, “Review on the Heavy Oil Processing, IV. Non-Catalytic Hydroprocessing and Other Processes”, Youqi Jiagong (Oil and Gas Processing) 1992, No.3, 16-23 (Chinese)19. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng, “Review on the Heavy Oil Processing, III. Catalytic Hydroprocessing”, Youqi Jiagong (Oil and Gas Processing) 1992, No.2, 23-30 (Chinese)20. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng, “Review on the Heavy Oil Processing, II. Thermal Cracking Process”, Youqi Jiagong (Oil and Gas Processing) 1992, No.1, 15-22 (Chinese)21. Chen Sheng-Li, Jia Sheng-Sheng “Review on the Heavy Oil Processing, I. Characteristics, Desalting and Deasphalting Process”, Youqi Jiagong (Oil and Gas Processing) 1991, No.2, 7-13 (Chinese)22. Jia Sheng-Sheng, Chen Sheng-Li, et al., “Upgrading of Shanjiasi Heavy Crude Oil by Supercritical Solvent Deasphalting”, Shiyou Lianzhi (Petroleum Processing), 1991,No.3, 52-59 (Chinese)23. Jia Sheng-Sheng, Chen Sheng-Li, et al., “Deasphalting of Residue though Countercurrent Extraction with Supercritical Fluid”, Qilu Shiyou Huagong (Qilu Petrochemical Technology), 1991, 19(2), 102-105 (Chinese)24. Chen Sheng-Li, etal., “Study on Preparation of Primary Aliphatic Bromides from Alfa-Olefines”, Shiyou Daxue XueBao (J. of University of Petroleum, China), 1989,13(3), 70-75 (Chinese)OTHER PUBLICATIONS1. Sheng-Li Chen, Peng Dong, Qian Zhou, GuimeiYuan, “Progress in preparation and application of particle-based photonic crystals and macropore catalysts”. 40th IUPAC, 5-O-031. August 14-19, 20052. Dong Peng, Chen Sheng-Li, Qi Yanping, Wang Dajun, Xu Chunming, Catalysts with Novel Pore Structure Prepared through Hard Template Technique, 9th China National Conference on Chemical Technology, Beijing, China, April 18-20, 2005, P.725－728.3. Sheng-Li Chen, L. Krishnan, J. Benziger, A.B. Bocarsly, Cation Exchange Resin/ Sulfonated Poly (Styrene-ethylene-butylene) Composite Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells, 9th China National Conference on Chemical Technology, Beijing, China, April 18-20, 2005, P1575-1584.4. Sheng-Li Chen, Xu KQ, Dong P , “Three dimensionally ordered inorganic/organic composite proton exchange membranes for fuel cells”.Abstract of papers of the ACS 229: U749-U749 642-Coll., Part 1 Mar.13, 2005.5. Qi YP, Dong P, Sheng-Li Chen, Baojian Shen. “Primary study on macro porous FCC catalysts prepared using the nano polystyrene particles as template”. Abstract of papers of the ACS 229: U871-U871 130- Fuel, Part 1 Mar.13, 2005.6. Liu RX, Dong P, Sheng-Li Chen, “Fabricating TiO2/SiO2 3D ordered colloidal crystal by gravity sedimentation self-assembling”, Abstracts of Papers of the ACS 229: U663-U663 209-Coll Part 1, Mar. 13 2005.7. Zhou Q, Dong P, Chen SL, “Study on the preparation of TiO2 inverse opal through a modified filling process”. Abstracts of Papers of the ACS229: U663-U664 210-Coll Part 1 Mar. 13 2005.8. P. Dong, C. Li, G. Yi, L.Liu, Q. Zhou, X.Wang, R.Xiao, S-L Chen, Progress on the Selfassembling of Colloidal Particles, 10th National Symposium on Colloidal and Interface Chemistry, Sept.12-16, 2004, p177-178. (Chinese).9. Sheng-Li Chen, L. Krishnan, S. Srinivasan, J. Benziger, A.B. Bocarsly, “H+-Exchange Resin/Polystyrene Sulfonate Composite Fuel cell Membrane”, The 36th Middle Atlantic Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, June 8-11,2003.10. Chen Sheng-Li, Shao Han-Cheng, “The Synthesis of The VPO Catalysis for Selective Oxidation of n-Pentane”, The 3rd International Symposium on Group Five Elements, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, March 22-23, 1999.11. Chen Sheng-Li, Shao Han-Cheng, “Study on the Activation Condition of VPO and the Selective Oxidation of n-Pentane to Phthalic and Maleic Anhydrides”, National Meeting of American Chemical Society, the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Anaheim, CA, March 21-25, 1999.12. Chen Sheng-Li, Shao Han-Cheng et al, “The Investigation on Activation of VPO and Reaction Temperature of Selective Oxidation of Pentane”, Proceedings of the 9th. China National Conference on Chemical Engineering, Aug. 26-30, 1998, Qingdao.(Chinese).13. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al., The Mechanism of Formation of Monodisperse Silica Particles by the Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetraethylorthosilicate, 36th. IUPAC International Symp. on Macro-molecules. Aug. 4-9, 1996, Seoul, Korea, 6-01-04.14. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al., A Method for Determining Reaction Kinetics of Unstable Intermediates Formed in Series Reactions, Proceedings of 1996 Asian -Pacific Chemical Reaction Engineering Forum, June 26-28, 1996, Beijing, P. R. China, 555-560.15. Chen Sheng-Li, Dong Peng, et al. “ The Kinetics of Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetraethylothosilicate”, Proceedings of the 7th. China National Conference on Chemical Engineering, Nov.2-5, 1994, Beijing, 1066-1069. (Chinese).PATENTS1． 董鹏，陈胜利，王大军，大孔重油加氢催化剂的合成和应用，中国发明专利，200510089821, 2005年。(Chinese)2． 陈胜利，董鹏，祁彦平，徐克琪，重质油加工大孔催化裂化催化剂合成方法，中国发明专利，200510082624, 2005年。(Chinese)3． 陈胜利，燃料电池多层复合质子膜，中国发明专利，200410098797, 2005年。(Chinese)

dippen的意思是：蘸水笔。dippen的意思是：蘸水笔。dippen的网络解释是蘸水笔：dipinto浏览|dippen蘸水笔|dip浸。dippen的例句是Ageneralapproachforfabricatingmetallicandsemiconductingnanostructureshasbeendevelopedbasedon"dippen"nanolithographycombinedwithelectrochemicalreductionofwatersolublesalts.本文提出了一种基于“沾笔”纳米刻蚀和电化学还原技术在表面上制备金属及半导体纳米结构的普适性方法。Dipyourpen.将你的钢笔蘸一下。Don"tdipmyredpenintotheblackink.别把我的红笔放进黑墨水里。一、网络解释点此查看dippen的详细内容1.蘸水笔：dipinto浏览|dippen蘸水笔|dip浸二、例句Ageneralapproachforfabricatingmetallicandsemiconductingnanostructureshasbeendevelopedbasedon"dippen"nanolithographycombinedwithelectrochemicalreductionofwatersolublesalts.本文提出了一种基于“沾笔”纳米刻蚀和电化学还原技术在表面上制备金属及半导体纳米结构的普适性方法。Dipyourpen.将你的钢笔蘸一下。Don"tdipmyredpenintotheblackink.别把我的红笔放进黑墨水里。dippen的相关临近词Dipo、dip、diplospondyly、dipiproverine、diplodization、diprotrizoate、diprenorphine、dipfinishing、Dipussagitta、Dipterocarpol、dipicrylamine点此查看更多关于dippen的详细信息

⒈博士论文阶段参加“863”计划与国家自然科学基金“复合氧化物纳米材料的制备与性能”研究。制备最小尺寸达到10nm 以下的复合氧化物铁电纳米材料，对材料的制备工艺、结构、物理化学性能进行研究。⒉南京理工大学化工学院做博士后研究工作，承担“六角晶系铁氧体纳米隐身材料的研究”。开发一种新型纳米复合隐身材料。同时，发明了氧化物（TiO2）纳米催化剂，用于高分子材料（双马莱酸）的聚合反应。使聚合反应温度降低，使材料的耐热性明显增强。成果通过江苏省科委的技术鉴定。⒊清华大学材料系做博士后研究，作为骨干主要参加“高性能钛酸钡基X7R MLCC材料的研究” “863”计划的课题。制备出高性能钛酸钡基X7R MLCC材料。已获授权专利一项。制备出X7R402和X7R502两种的片式电容。⒋美国宾夕法尼亚大学（费城）材料科学与工程系做博士后，提出无压烧结技术（两段法）成功制备出氧化钇纳米陶瓷，开拓了制备纳米陶瓷材料的全新方法。论文已在英国“NATURE”上发表（2000年3月）。⒌高性能低温烧结铁氧体片感材料及元件：基于纳米粉无压烧结技术实现了900℃低温烧结，研制出细晶高磁导率NiCuZn铁氧体片感材料（mi ³1000）及甚高频应用的Z型平面六角铁氧体材料。制备出大感量（100mH）片式电感及片式微型平面变压器。获授权发明专利中国三项，日本一项，美国两项。⒍新一代高性能低成本多层陶瓷电容器材料与关键技术（“863”重大项目）：突破了新一代高性能贱金属内电极多层陶瓷电容器（BME-MLCC）薄层化、微型化关键技术，制备纳米BaTiO3通过精细调控陶瓷“芯-壳”结构和无压烧结技术，研制出拥有自主知识产权的、性能指标达到国际领先水平的高性能（X7R和Y5V）BME-MLCC瓷料和军用高介温度稳定型MLCC材料。申请发明专利七项，已获授权专利美国一项，中国一项。⒎信息功能纳米/亚微米晶陶瓷的尺寸效应及控制原理（973项目）：无压烧结制备出纳米/亚微米晶功能陶瓷，研究了铁电、铁氧体等纳米/亚微米晶陶瓷烧结机理和无晶粒生长的动力学临界区域。系统研究了纳米/亚微米晶BaTiO3、NiCuZn铁氧体尺寸效应与结构和性能的变化规律。首次无压烧结制备出99.6%的8nm BaTiO3陶瓷，并实验证明晶粒尺寸小到8nm依然保持铁电性。8．通过电化学方法成功地在金属钛基底上成功制备出氧化钛纳米管阵列薄膜，纳米管阵列面积大、均匀排列、管（孔）径10-100nm、长度达到1.1μm。通过控制不同的退火温度，得到不同晶型的氧化钛单晶纳米管。这种单晶纳米管阵列薄膜具有优异的光催化性能和超亲水性。这种阵列结构独特，具有很大的表面积，在催化、光电子、生物及太阳能电池等许多领域具有很多潜在的应用前景。【论文与专利】：先后发表学术论文近160余篇，其中SCI收录论文100多篇。申请发明专利19项：其中11项已获授权（包括3项美国专利和1项日本专利）。【 代表性学术论文】 :⒈Wang,XH,Chen IW,Sintering of Nanoceramics,Nanomaterials Handbook ， Taylor and Francis Group. FL. USA ， 2006,Jan. chapter 12th,page 359-382.⒉Tian,ZB; Wang,XH; Shu,LK; Wang,T; Song,TH; Gui,ZL; Li,LT，Preparation of Nano BaTiO3-Based Ceramics for Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor Application by Chemical Coating Method，Journal of the American Ceramic Society， 92 ⑷：830-833 20093．Yang,Y; Wang,XH; Sun,CK; Li,LT，Structure study of single crystal BaTiO3 nanotube arrays produced by the hydrothermal method， Nanotechnology， 20 ⑸： Art No. 055709 20094．Yang,Y; Wang,XH; Zhong,CF; Sun,CK; Li,LT，Ferroelectric PbTiO3 nanotube arrays synthesized by hydrothermal method，Applied Physics Letters,92 ⑿： Art No. 122907 2008⒌Wang XH,Deng XY,Wen H,Li,LT,Phase transition and high dielectric constant of bulk dense nanograin barium titanate ceramics,Appl.Phys.Lett .89 ⒃： Art. No. 162902 OCT 16 2006⒍Deng XY,Wang XH,Chen LL,Wen H,Li LT,Observation of ferroelectric domain patterns in nanocrystalline BaTiO 3 ceramics,Appl.Phys.Lett . 89 ⒂： Art. No. 152901 OCT 9 2006⒎Deng XY,Wang XH,Wen H,Chen LL,Chen L,Li LT,Appl.Phys.Lett . 88 （25）： Art. No. 252905 JUN 19 2006⒏Wang,XH ， Deng X Y ， Bai H. L.,Chen,IW,Two-Step Sintering of Ceramics with Constant Grain-Size，Ⅱ. BaTiO 3 and Ni-Cu-Zn Ferrite ， J. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,89 ⑵438-443 ， 2006⒐Wen H,Wang,XH,Chen RZ,and Li LT,Modeling of Dielectric Behaviors Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors under Direct Current Bias Field,J. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,89 ⑵550-556 ， 2006⒑Deng X Y,Wang,XH,Wen H,Kang AG,Gui ZL and Li LT,Phase Transitions in Nanocrystalline Barium Titanate Ceramics Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering,J. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,89 ⑶1059-1064 ， 2006⒒Zhao JL,Wang,XH,Sun TY,Li LT. In situ- templated synthesis of anatase single crystal nanotube arrays. Nanotechnology,16:2450~2454 ， 2005⒓Zhao,JL; Wang,XH ; Chen,RZ; Li,LT ， Fabrication of titanium oxide nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation ， Solid State Communications,134 ⑽： 705-710 ， JUN 2005⒔Wang,XH ; Li,LT; Su,SY; Gui,ZL ， Novel ferrimagnetic material for fabricating multilayer chip inductors -Low-temperature-sintered Ba 3 Co 2-x Zn x Fe 24 O 41 hexaferrites ， J. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,88 ⑵： 478-480 FEB 2005⒕Wang,XH ; Li,LT; Su,SY; Gui,ZL; Yue,ZX; Zhou,J,Low-temperature sintering and high frequency properties of Cu-modified Co⑵Z hexaferrite,J. Euro. Ceram. Soc,23 ⑸： 715-720 APR 2003⒖Wang,XH and Li,LT et al.,Synthesis of Cu-modified Co 2 Z hexagonal with planar structure by a citrate precursor method,J. Magn . Magr . Mater,234⑵：63-68 ， 2001⒗Chen I-W and Wang,XH,Sintering Dense Nanocrystalline Ceramics without Final-stage Grain Growth,Nature,404,168 ， 2000

在这这句话里用rise是错的

1994年3月于日本东北大学药学部药品物理化学专业获得药学博士学位。现任南开大学特聘教授，博士生导师。个人学习和工作经历：1980.09－1984.07 南开大学化学系物理化学专业，获得理学学士学位；1988.04－1994.03 日本东北大学药学部药品物理化学专业，获得药学硕士、药学博士学位；1996.03－2001.04 日本东北大学药学研究科任教并完成在职博士后研究，成为东北大学药学部创建以来第一位外籍教员；2001.05－ 至今 任教于南开大学生命科学学院，并创建生物传感器实验室。兼任生物活性材料教育部重点实验室副主任，建立了新型诊断材料领域，开展了分子间相互作用和分子识别的新型分析技术、中药作用机理及方剂配伍规律研究新方法的构建，功能微生物及其在环保、农业中的应用等跨学科的研究。目前的主要研究方向：生物电分析化学、生物医学传感技术、中药药理及药物分析研究成果：在纳米新材料光电化学技术、高性能纳米结构固定化酶电极制备技术、分子间相互作用和分子识别的新型分析技术、中药作用机理及方剂配伍规律研究新方法的构建等方向取得了显著成果。在国内外核心刊物发表论文80余篇，其中40余篇被SCI、EI收录，已授权专利6项，申请中专利1项。主持和分担了国家自然科学基金、“863”计划、教育部、天津市等科研项目十余项，研究成果获1997年日本文部省奖励研究A和2005年度天津市自然科学二等奖（编号2005ZR-2-011-R1）。研究生培养：获2006年度南开大学“敬业”奖教金一等奖。指导博士研究生中有两名分别于2005、2006年获得“南开十杰”称号，所指导研究生多次获得“南开大学优秀硕士毕业论文”及“南开大学优秀毕业生”奖励。为研究生开设三门课程：“物理化学在生命体系中的应用”（硕士生）、 “生物电化学”（ 博士生）、“生物传感器的原理与技术” （ 博士生）。硕士生、博士生招生专业：生物化学与分子生物学、动物学代表性文章目录：1.Zixia Zhao, Mingqiang Qiao, Feng Yin, Bin Shao, Baoyan Wu, Yanyan Wang, Xinsheng Wang, Xia Qin, Sha Li, Lei Yu, Qiang Chen. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on self-assembly hydrophobin with high efficiency of enzyme utilization. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2007,22:3021-3027 (SCI, IF 5.061)2.Baoyan Wu, Shihua Hou，Feng Yin, Zixia Zhao, Yanyan Wang, Xinsheng Wang, Qiang Chen. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on multilayer films via layer-by-layer self-assembly of multi-wall carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles and glucose oxidase on the Pt electrode. Biosensors &Bioelectronics,2007,22:2854-2860 (SCI, IF 5.061)3.Baoyan Wu, Shihua Hou, Feng Yin, Jing Li, Zixia Zhao, Jiadong Huang, Qiang Chen. Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on Layer-by-layer Assembly of Multilayer Films Composed of Chitosan, Gold Nanoparticals and Glucose Oxidase Modefied Pt Electrode. Biosensors &Bioelectronics,2007,22:838-844 (SCI, IF 5.061)4.Haibin Shi, Yu Yang, Jiadong Huang, Zixia Zhao, Xinhua Xu, Jun-ichi Anzai, Tetsuo Osa, Qiang Chen. Amperometric Choline Biosensors Prepared by Layer-by-layer Deposition of Choline Oxidase on the Prussian Blue-Modified Platinum Electrode. Talanta,2006,70:852-858(SCI, IF 3.374)5.WU Bao-Yan, LI Jing, HUANG Jia-Dong, Wang Yanyan, Yin Huijun, Chen Keji, CHEN Qiang. Real time kinetic analysis of the interaction between interleukin-1α and soluble interleukin-1 receptor using a resonant mirror biosensor. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2006, 557: 106-110(SCI, IF 3.186)主要学术论文韩松岩, 刘东波, 黄亮, 王深琪, 刘清平, 陈强. Monitoring adsorption in situ and kinetic studies of low-density lipoprotein onto cholesterol modified dextran using qua. CHEMICAL JOURNAL OF CHINESE UNIVERSITIES-CHINESE 26-6-1166. 2005-1-1李静,黄加栋,吴宝艳,陈强. Effects of propyl gallate on interaction between TNF-alpha and sTNFR-I using an affinity biosensor. ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 26-10-1212. 2005-1-1史海滨，赵紫霞,宋昭,黄加栋,杨钰,陈强. Fabricating of acetylcholine biosensor by a layer-by-layer deposition technique for determining trichlorfon. ELECTROANALYSIS 17-14-1285. 2005-1-1陈强, 韩君, 史海滨,吴宝艳, 许鑫华. Use of Chitosan for developing layer-by-layer multilayer thin films containing glucose oxidase for biosensor applications. Sensor Letters v 2-n 2-p 102-105. 2005-1-1史海滨, 宋昭, 黄加栋,杨钰,赵紫霞, 陈强. Effects of the type of polycation in the coating films prepared by a layer-by-layer deposition technique on the properties of amperometric choline sensors. Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical v 109-n 2-p 341-347. 2005-1-1史海滨, 宋昭, 黄加栋,杨钰,赵紫霞, 陈强. Effects of the type of polycation on the amperometric response of choline biosensors prepared by a layer-by-layer deposition technique. Materials Science and Engineering C v 25-n 4-p 433-435. 2005-1-1吴宝艳, 许鑫华, 史海滨, 韩松岩,宋岩、 黄亮, 陈强. Effect of cellulose acetate diffusion restricting membrane on the glucose biosensor. Tianjin Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue yu Gongcheng Jishu Ban)/Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology v 38-n 6-p 513-517. 2005-1-1尹峰;赵紫霞; 吴宝艳;王新胜; 王艳艳;陈强. Glucose biosensor based on layer-by-layer assembly of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyallylamine. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 35-7-1021-1024. 2007-1-1刘强; 许鑫华;张春怀; 陈强. Electrochemical deposition of composite films composed of polyaniline and chitosan for biosensor applications. SENSOR LETTERS 5-2-459-462. 2007-1-1赵紫霞; 乔明强; 尹峰; 邵兵; 吴宝艳; 王艳艳; 王新胜; 秦霞; 李莎; 于雷; 陈强. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on self-assembly hydrophobin with high efficiency of enzyme utilization. BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 22-12-3021-3027. 2007-1-1吴宝艳;侯识华; 尹峰; 赵紫霞; 王艳艳; 王新胜; 陈强. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on multilayer films via layer-by-layer self-assembly of multi-wall carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles and glucose oxidase on the Pt electrode. BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 22-12-2854-2860. 2007-1-1刘东波; 贺秉军;韩松岩; 王申奇; 刘清平; Jun-ichi, A; Osa, T; 陈强. An adsorption behavior of low-density lipoprotein onto cholesterol-modified dextran studied by a quartz crystal microbalance. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS 27-4-665-669. 2007-1-1黄加栋; 宋昭; 李静; 杨钰; 史海滨; 吴宝艳; Anzai, JI; Osa, T; 陈强. A highly-sensitive L-lactate blosensor based on sol-gel film combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS 27-1-29-34. 2007-1-1吴宝艳; 侯识华; 尹峰; 李静; 赵紫霞; 黄加栋; 陈强. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on layer-by-layer assembly of multilayer films composed of chitosan, gold nanoparticles and glucose oxidase modified Pt electrode. BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 22-6-838-844. 2007-1-1宋昭; 黄加栋; 史海滨; 吴宝艳; 赵紫霞;陈强. Highly sensitive choline biosensor based on nanotube modified pt electrode combined with sol-gel immobilization. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 34-7-910-914. 2007-1-1Li, J; Huang, JD; Wu, BY; Song, Z; Chen, Q. Optical biosensor analysis in studying propyl gallate binding to endothelin-1. SENSOR LETTERS 3-4-296. 2006-1-1Chen, Q; Huang, JD; Yin, HJ; Chen, KJ; Osa, T. The applications of affinity biosensors: IAsys biosensor and quartz crystal microbalance to the study on interaction between Paeoniae radix 801 and endothelin-1. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 115-1-116. 2006-1-1Huang, JD; Yang, Y; Shi, HB; Song, Z; Zhao, ZX; Anzai, J; Osa, T; Chen, Q. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based glucose biosensor prepared by a layer-by-layer technique. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS 26-1-113. 2006-1-1Song, Z; Huang, JD; Wu, BY; Shi, HB; Anzai, JI; Chen, Q. Amperometric aqueous sol-gel biosensor for low-potential stable choline detection at multi-wall carbon nanotube modified platinum electrode. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 115-2-626. 2006-1-1Shi, H; Yang, Y; Huang, JD; Zhao, ZX; Xu, XH; Anzai, J; Osa, T; Chen, Q. Amperometric choline biosensors prepared by layer-by-layer deposition of choline oxidase on the Prussian blue-modified platinum electrode. TALANTA 70-4-852. 2006-1-1Wu, BY; Wang, YY; Li, J; Song, Z; Huang, JD; Wang, XS; Chen, Q. An optical biosensor for kinetic analysis of soluble Interleukin-1 receptor I binding to immobilized Interleukin-1 alpha. TALANTA 70-3-485. 2006-1-1Xu, XH; Ren, GL; Cheng, J; Liu, Q; Li, DG; Chen, Q. Layer by layer self-assembly immobilization of glucose oxidase onto chitosan-graft-polyaniline polymers. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 41-10-3147. 2006-1-1Wu, Bao-Yan; Li, Jing; Huang, Jia-Dong; Wang, Yan-Yan; Yin, Hui-Jun; Chen, Ke-Ji; Chen, Qiang. Real time kinetic analysis of the interaction between interleukin-1α and soluble interleukin-1 receptor I using a resonant mirror biosensor. Analytica Chimica Acta v 557-n 1-2-p 106-110. 2006-1-1Wu, Baoyan; Li, Jing; Shi, Haibin; Huang, Jiadong; Anzai, Junichi; Osa, Tetsuo; Chen, Qiang. Ferrocene-mediated anti-interfering glucose biosensor based on glutin and cellulose acetate. High Technology Letters v 12-n 3-p 263-266. 2006-1-1Yanyan Wang, Xinsheng Wang, Baoyan Wu, Zixia Zhao, Feng Yin, Sha Li, Xia Qin, Qiang Chen. Dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes in poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) for prepara. Sensors and Actuators B李莎 王艳艳 赵紫霞 秦霞 王新胜 吴宝艳 陈强. 基于纳米材料、聚电解质制备高性能乙醇生物传感器. 分析化学 36-2-227-230. 2008-2-1秦霞　王艳艳　赵紫霞　王新胜　李莎　于敏　黄楠　苗智颖　陈强. 层层自组装制备基于多壁碳纳米管的胆碱生物传感器. 分析化学 36-6-827-830. 2008-6-1Bao-Yan Wu, Shi-Hua Hou, Liang Huang, Feng Yin, Zi-Xia Zhao, Jun-Ichi Anzai, Qiang Chen. Oriented immobilization of immunoglobulin G onto the cuvette surface of the resonant mirror biosenso. Materials Science and Engineering C 28-7-1065-1069. 2008-8-1Jiadong Huang, Jing Li, Yu Yang, Xinsheng Wang, Baoyan Wu, Qiang Chen. Development of an amperometric L-lactate biosensor based on L-lactate oxidase immobilized through silica sol-gel film on multi-walled carbon nanotubes/platinum nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode. Materials Science and Engineering C 28-7-1070-1075. 2008-8-1Bao-Yan Wu, Shi-Hua Hou, Min Yu, Xia Qin, Sha Li, Qiang Chen. Layer-by-layer assemblies of chitosan/multi-wall carbon nanotubes and glucose oxidase for amperometric glucose biosensor applications. Materials Science and Engineering C 29-1-346-349. 2009-1-1于敏，王会才，秦 霞，王新胜，昊宝艳，陈 强. 纳米银/半胱氨酸修饰葡萄糖生物传感器的研究. 传感器与微系统 27-10-24-26. 2008-10-1Xia Qin, Huicai Wang, Xinsheng Wang, Sha Li, Zhiying Miao, Nan Huang, Qiang Chen. Amperometriccholinebiosensorsbased on multi-wallcarbonnanotubes and layer-by-layer assembly of multilayer films composed of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and choline oxidase . Materials Science and Engineering: CZi-Xia Zhao, Hui-CaiWang, Xia Qin, Xin-ShengWang, Ming-Qiang Qiao, Jun-ichi Anzaib, Qiang Chen. Self-assembled film of hydrophobins on gold surface and its application to electrochemical biosensing. Colloids and Surfaces B: BiointerfacesWei Zhao, Huicai Wang, Xia Qin, Xinsheng Wang, Zixia Zhao, Zhiying Miao, Lili Chen, Miaomiao Shan, Yuxin Fang, Qiang Chen. A novel nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor based on multi-wall carbon nanotube/silver nanoparticle nanohybrids modified gold electrode. TalantaHuicaiWang, XinshengWang, Xiaoqing Zhang, Xia Qin, Zixia Zhao, Zhiying Miao, Nan Huang, Qiang Chen. A novel glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase onto gold nanoparticles-modified Pb nanowires. Biosensors and BioelectronicsSha Li, Yanyan Wang, Zixia Zhao, Xia Qin, Xinsheng Wang, Min Yu, Zhiying Miao, Baoyan Wu, Qiang Chen. Amperometric Ethanol Biosensor Based on Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Alcohol Oxidase on the Platinum. Sensor lettersXia Qin, Huicai Wang, Xinsheng Wang, Zhiying Miao, Lili Chen, Wei Zhao, Miaomiao Shan, Qiang Chen. Amperometric biosensors based on gold nanoparticles-decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) biocomposite for the determination of choline. Sensors and Actuators B陈丽丽, 王会才, 秦霞, 王新胜, 赵紫霞, 苗智颖, 赵薇, 单苗苗, 陈强. 层层自组装技术制备PDDA-多壁碳纳米管-胆碱生物传感器. 分析化学Zixia Zhao, Qiang Chen, Jun-ichi ANZAI. Horseradish peroxidase microcapsules based on layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte deposition. Journal of Environmental Sciences 21- supplement 1-Yanyan Wang, Qiang Chen, Xiangqun Zeng. Potentiometric biosensor for studying hydroquinone cytotoxicity in vitro. Biosensors and Bioelectronics

“招贴”按其字义解释，“招”是指引注意，“贴”是张贴，即“为招引注意而进行张贴”。招贴的英文名字叫“poster”，在牛津英语词典里意指展示于公共场所的告示(Placard displayed in a public place)。在伦敦“国际教科书出版公司”出版的广告词典里，poster意指张贴于纸板、墙、大木板或车辆上的印刷广告，或以其他方式展示的印刷广告，它是户外广告的主要形式，广告的最古老形式之一。 也有人根据poster的词根结构及掌故来剖释招贴的词义，认为poster是从“post”转用而来，“post”词义为柱子，故poster是指所有张贴于柱子上的告示。 招贴在国内还有一个名字叫“海报”，没有一本中文词典对“海报”一词作过专门解释，但据传说我国清朝时期有洋人以海船载洋货于我国沿海码头停泊，并将poster张贴于码头沿街各醒目处，以促销其船货，沿海市民称这种poster为海报。依此而发展，以后凡是类似海报目的及其他有传递消息作用的张贴物都称之为“海报”。 在国外，招贴的大小有标准尺寸。按英制标准，招贴中最基本的一种尺寸是30英寸×20英寸(508×762mm)，相当于国内对开纸大小，依照这一基本标准尺寸，又发展出其他标准尺寸：30英寸×40英寸、60英寸×40英寸、60英寸×120英寸、10英寸×6.8英寸和10英寸×20英寸。大尺寸是由多张纸拼贴而成，例如最大标准尺寸10英尺×20英尺是由48张30英寸×20英寸的纸拼贴而成的，相当于我国24张全开纸大小。专门吸引步行者看的招贴一般贴在商业区公共汽车候车亭和高速公路区域，并以60英寸×40英寸大小的招贴为多。而设在公共信息墙和广告信息场所的招贴(如伦敦地铁车站的墙上)以30英寸×20英寸的招贴和30英寸×40英寸的招贴为多。 美国最常用的招贴尺寸有四种：1张一幅(508mm×762mm)、3张一幅、24张一幅和30张一幅，其中最常用的是24张一幅，属巨幅招贴画，一般贴在人行道旁行人必经之处和售货地点。 招贴多数是用制版印刷方式制成，供在公共场所和商店内外张贴。当然，也有一些出于临时性目的的招贴，不用印刷，只以手绘完成，此类招贴属POP性质，如商品临时降价优惠，通知展销会、交易会、时装表演或食品品尝会的时间、地点等。这种即兴手绘式招贴，有时用即时贴代替，大多以手绘美术字为主，有时兼有插图，且较随意、快捷，它不及印刷招贴构图严谨。优点是：传播信息及时，成本费用低，制作简便。 印刷招贴可分为公共招贴和商业招贴两大类，公共招贴以社会公益性问题为题材，例如纳税、戒烟、优生、竞选、献血、交通安全、环境保护、和平、文体活动宣传等；商业招贴则以促销商品、满足消费者需要之内容为题材，特别是市场经济的出现和发展，商业招贴也越来越重要，越来越被广泛地应用。参考资料： http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/829458.html

A

end是高二同学应重点掌握的词,现将其基本用法归纳如下,以期对同学们灵活掌握其用法有所帮助。作名词。表示"终点"、"末梢"、"尽头"。We walked to the end of the road. 我们走到了大路的尽头。表示"结束"、"终止"。Winter is coming to an end. 冬季快要结束了。表示"死"、"死亡"。You put an end to his life. 你断送了他的生命。表示"目标"、"目的"。To what end are you doing that work? 你做那份工作的目的是什么?以end为中心词的介词短语。at the end of表示"在……的尽头"、"在……的末稍"时,后面接指地点的名词,构成介词短语,作地点状语;表示"在……结束时",后面接指事的名词,构成介词短语,作时间状语。At the end of the street you will find the hospital. 你会在这条街的尽头找到那所医院。At the end of the meeting, Mr Wang made a speech. 会议结束时,王先生作了发言。 by the end of表示"到……末为止"、"在……结束时",后面接指时间或事的名词,构成介词短语,作时间状语。By the end of the strike, the whole street will be turned into one big rubbish dump. 到罢工结束时,整个街道将变成一个大垃圾堆。By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到上月末为止,他在那条船上已呆了两年了。before the end of表示"在……结束之前",后面接指时间或事的名词,构成介词短语,作时间状语。He said they would return before the end of this month. 他说他们将在这个月底以前回来。in the end表示"最后"、"终于",是介词短语,作状语。They gave up the plan in the end. 最终他们放弃了那项计划。作不及物动词 表示"结束"。The book ends on page 80. 该书在第80页结束。表示"结尾"、"结局"。The story ends happily. 这个故事有个圆满的结尾。

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　　关于众多闹鬼的恐怖古屋这力竭不衰的传言流遍整个欧洲和美洲。但很少鬼故事能像Darklore Manor那样有那么多的可怕超自然的怪事。Darklore Manor是座维多利亚时代的庄园，她的谣传隐隐约约地出现在格洛斯特郡（英国英格兰郡名）和马萨诸塞州（美国）的塞伦的海岸线一带。　　在维多利亚时期，这个古庄园就是位于塞伦（Salem*）海岸线一带。　　Salem（转注：Salem，美国马萨诸塞州东北部城市，位于波士顿东北部。建立于1626年，因1692年此地的女巫审判和纳森尼尔u2022霍桑的“七墙之房”而著名。）　　那时这遍人稀的土地由早期的殖民者来到之后，就开始发生一些奇异怪诞的事情，并且一直流传下来……于是当地的族人们称这遍领域为『幽灵徘徊之地』，之后很少人敢冒险进入森林庄园一带。也有传说说那地方最初是被从塞伦逃出来的人民所占领。人们都相信，此遍土地如此怪异跟1692年声名狼藉的审判女巫时期有关，然后那地方就变成了黑魔法从事者的避风港。　　而那时的庄园是由Edmund Darklore为他年轻可爱的新娘Delarosa所建造。这座三层高，拥有四十间房子的维多利亚式庄园是在1889年动工的，并且在三年后建成。在施工期间，发生了一些邪乎的事件：　　在建造这个屋子的时候，负责绳子调运石头砌墙的两个石水泥工人，在调运石头的时候，粗绳突突然折断，两名工人一命呜呼。　　在此之后的四十年来，惨案似乎一发不可收拾，厄运之神似乎选中了Darklore家族，家族相继地发生致命的死亡灾祸。在1941年，Darklore家族最后的血脉——Damon Darklore，和他的妻子Elizabeth，还有他们的女儿Belladonna在一夜之间人间蒸发，完全没有迹象地消失于公寓里，没人知道原因，自此这个庄园就为人所弃。　　曾经华丽无比，现在被人所弃的庄园经风吹雨打，日久失修，变得死气沉沉，从此这一专庄文雅的庄园开始堕落，进入腐烂败坏之状况中。最后，人们开始目击到可怕的幽灵在荒废的庄园周围四处游荡……　　那年开始就不断有关于那个庄园的谣言四处传遍，无数的人目击那间庄园有不明原因的火光，还有一些怪异的声音由房子里传出来。也有人看到一个幽灵形态被命名为“Shadow Man”的“人”出现在阴暗的庄园大门；也有人看到一个幽灵被命名为“Lady In Black”的黑衣女幽灵在庄园里和大堂附近游荡。众人相信他们俩就是受诅咒的Darklore一家。传言说当大钟的指针指向午夜十二点时，“Lady In Black”的灵魂就会出现。　　【神秘死亡】　　1961年11月27号的晚上，当地的商人Theodore Thompson和他的妻子车祸身亡，他们的车撞在庄园前面的一颗大树上。意外中唯一幸存的是他们六岁大的儿子Theo Jr.。他告诉警察，当时父亲是为了避让一名身穿黑衣服的女人而急扭胎盘，车子失控从而导致事故的发生。那名女子是当时正站在通向庄园大门的路中心上。　　1962年3月13日，当地的议员Rcihard Franklin 被发现吊死在公寓里。尽管现场没发现遗书，按惯例规条执行此案为“自杀”案处理。值得一提的是，Franklin议员实际上是Brotherhood Of Thule*的唯一幸存的人。Brotherhood Of Thule是共济会的秘密组织，它由城镇长老组成。组建者是Edumund Darklore。曾经谣传说当时在Franklin的尸体上发现了一封遗书，不过当中的真相后来被掩盖了。那封遗书据称上面有Franklin的字迹，写着“原谅我”，另一种传言说“罪人”一词刻在Franklin的前额上。　　Brotherhood Of Thule *『The Thule Society』（极北社团）是维多利亚时代末在德国成立的一个社团。传说中，“极北之地”坐落在北大西洋某处的一个小岛。这个神秘又隐蔽的小岛据说是古代一个先进部落的最后的居民区，他们曾经在很久以前居住在那里。人们可以通过某些神秘的宗教仪式和黑魔法与这些被人称作“古人”或“原始人”的古代部落进行沟通，而且这些与其沟通的人们也会被授予超自然能力。“极北仪式”包括圣歌，献祭等，从而达到与“古人”沟通的目的。“极北社团”不接纳女性，因此这团体也被称为“Brotherhood of Thule”（“极北兄弟连”）　　【Darklore的诅咒】　　在1967年，一篇标题为“Darklore的诅咒”刊登在《幽灵避风港杂志》上。据报道，该庄园发生了十多总奇怪的死亡事件。文章说道，这些致命事件相信与Brotherhood Of Thule的神秘仪式有关。人们从Damon Darklore的书房发现一封他的信，信中声称他的祖先钻研黑魔法，并且以他们从中穴道的诅咒术去诅咒受害者们。　　按照一种对此传说的流行说法：Darklore家族在庄园深处的一间诡秘房间内进行神秘的黑魔法研究和献祭仪式。他们有意无意地唤醒了古代的邪恶兄灵，以至引起一连串在庄园和周边地区的离奇死亡事件。不管他们到底召唤了什么，这召唤出来的东西不仅夺走了几条人命，连死在庄园里的灵魂也偷走，还把他们永远留在庄园里，以至这个庄园经常有幽灵神出鬼没。　　很多人相信直到现在还有很多超自然的东西踌躇在那里，他们等待着不以为然的拜访者，渴望着活人的血和灵魂。　　【古代的鬼魂】　　在《幽灵避风港杂志》登出那篇文章的几个月后，著名的灵学家Sandra Faraday着手调查Darklore Manor，她声称发现了几个超自然的实体的出现。她称说与Belladonna Darklore的灵魂接触过，并且与其谈话。Belladonna Darklore告诉Sandra，她和她的家人都是被谋杀的，而且他们的尸体还埋在Darklore Manor的墙里面。然而后来，人们经过彻底的搜查，并没有发现任何有关人体残肢的线索。　　超自然现象调查组的组员说，他们在庄园里听到一段音乐盒放出来的音乐，这段音乐令人感到非常不安，但他们并不能找出这段音乐是从哪里传来的。团队有几个成员说他们闻到了一股薰衣草得香味，一定不会错。他们也说在庄园里面的时候，他们被一种无法解释的悲伤感觉笼罩着，感到非常的不舒服。　　由于Faraday的助手Pamela Moore被出现在主楼梯的黑色物体吓到，精神上受创伤，她不得不终止在庄园的调查。Moore声称当时她整正在上楼梯，突然看见一个冰冷令人心寒的物体出现并且穿过她，她被吓了一大跳。她转过身去，看见一个全身穿着黑色的男人，他戴着一顶维多利亚式时期的大礼帽和外套，正正站在她后出。那男人摘掉他的帽子，露出两个没有了眼珠的眼框。Moore被此遭遇吓坏了，坚决拒绝再回到那所房子里去。虽然摄影师们给这所庄园拍炤的胶卷都有好几卷了，但至今没有一张相片能晒出来。　　【神秘的失踪】　　1968年，当地三名孩子在万圣节去庄园举行降神会，后来无故失踪。此时Darklore的诅咒传说达到最高峰。从此人们再也没有见过17岁的Eric Shipley,16岁的James Murphy和Andrea Mather。人们传言说，那三名孩子不知何故闯进了庄园，并在里面玩起了通灵游戏，与死灵对话。但他们做的不仅与死灵沟通，还打扰了某种超自然力量的安息，唤醒了死灵。因此她们被捆在庄园里面，最后也死掉了。　　1971年的万圣节晚，Darklore Manor发生了莫名其妙的大火，庄园被大火烧毁了。警方将这场大火列为纵火案。然而，有人谣传说，案件有某些调查事实被掩盖，包括在废墟下面发现的几具骷髅。　　虽然现在这庄园已不复在，但关于那个“Lady in Black”的黑衣女幽灵在庄园遗阯出没的报道并没有间断，Darklore神秘致命的诅咒到目前人们还没有一个完整的说法。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_United_States

もしも愿い（ねが）が叶う（かな）なら吐息（といき）を白い（しろ）バラに変えて（かえ）会えない（あ）日（ひ）には部屋（へや）中（じゅう）を饰りましょう（かざ）あなたを思い（おも）ながらdarling i want you 会いたくて（あ）ときめく恋（こい）に駆け（か）出し（だ）そうなの迷子（まいご）のように立ち（た）すくむ私をすぐに届けたくて（とど）ダイヤル回して（まわ）手（て）をとめたi"m just a woman fall in loveif my wishes can be truewill you change my sighsto roses whiter roses decorate them for youthinking about you everynightand find out where i ami"m not living in your heartdarling i need you どうしても口（くち）に出せない（だ）愿いが（ねが）あるのよ土曜（どよう）の夜（よる）と日曜（にちよう）のあなたがいつもほしいからダイヤル回して（まわ）手（て）をとめたi"m just a woman fall in lovedarling you love me今（いま）すぐにあなたの声（こえ）が闻きたく（き）なるのよ両手（りょうて）で頬（ほほ）を押さえても（お）途方（とほう）に暮れる（く）夜（よる）が嫌い（きら）ダイヤル回して（まわ）手（て）をとめたi"m just a woman fall in lovedon"t you remember when you were here without a thinking we were caught in fire i"ve got a love song but where it goes three loving hearts are pulling apart of one can"t stop you can"t hold youcan"t wait no more i"m just a woman fall in lovei"m just a woman fall in love全手打的给过吧亲

I will 我将要

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如果两颗相同的行星彼此接触没有完全摧毁，那么这两颗行星的状态会发生改变，因为受到万有引力的影响会导致行星的环境恶化或者变好。

推动中国、中亚经贸合作再上新台阶商务部新闻发言人束珏婷11日表示，愿同中亚各国经贸部门一道，以中国－中亚峰会为契机，巩固和发展贸易投资良好势头，推动中国－中亚经贸合作再上新台阶。中国－中亚峰会将于5月18日至19日在陕西省西安市举行。束珏婷11日在商务部例行新闻发布会上介绍，中国与中亚五国建交30多年来，持续深化务实经贸合作，构建了内涵丰富、充满活力、互惠互利的经贸关系，取得了实打实、沉甸甸的合作成果。制度安排日臻完善。2022年，中国与中亚五国元首共同宣布打造中国－中亚命运共同体。在中国—中亚合作机制框架内，六国经贸部长于今年4月18日举办了“中国－中亚五国”经贸部长会议，就贸易投资、数字经济、绿色发展、互联互通、多边以及地方间合作交换意见。截至目前，中国与中亚国家均签署了共建“一带一路”合作文件，制定了中长期经贸合作规划，签订投资保护协定，经贸合作机制日趋完备。贸易发展量质齐升。2022年，中国与中亚五国提前实现700亿美元贸易目标，今年1至3月贸易额同比增长22%，发展势头强劲。同时，贸易结构更加优化。2022年，中国自中亚国家进口农产品、能矿产品同比增长超过50%，对中亚国家出口机电产品同比增长42%，中国与中亚跨境电商贸易额同比增长95%，近300家中亚企业入驻中国电商平台，越来越多的中亚优质特色产品进入中国市场。投资合作惠及各方。截至今年3月底，中国对中亚五国直接投资存量超过150亿美元，累计完成工程承包营业额639亿美元。“我们持续推进基础设施、油气采矿、加工制造、医疗卫生、教育科技、数字经济等领域合作，一批大项目成功落地，助力中亚各国产业升级、互联互通和民生改善。”束珏婷说。

韩国政府给予认证的韩国语考试叫做kpt（KoreanProficiencyTest）。 考试内容有四项，读（100分）、写（100分）、听（100分）、词语和语法（100分），共计400分。考试时间是四个小时，有六个等级，每个人可以根据自己的水平，报名参加相应一级的考试。 初级（一、二级），总分60％以上； 中级（三、四级），总分60％以上，单项30％以上； 高级（五、六级），总分60％以上，单项30％以上。 没有达到韩语三级可先选择在韩国大学内进行语言研修。韩语研修不用考试，高中毕业生即可申请入学。语言研修后，可根据国内学历申请大学本科、续本、研究生、博士生专业课程。一些大学还设有全英语教学的硕博专业，直接招收优秀的外国留学生。 自从第9届开始, 韩国语能力考试英文名称改为 TOPIC(Test of Proficiency In Korean) 什么是韩国语能力考试？ 为评价韩国语非母语的外国人及海外侨胞的韩国语能力而设置的考试，有些韩国大学在录取学生或企业等在雇用员工时，会要求提供韩国语能力考试成绩，以作为评价韩国语能力的标准。 韩国语能力考试分别为：初级（一、二级）， 中级（三、四级），高级（五、六级）。 志愿者根据自己的水平报名，合格者发给合格证书。 韩国语能力考试的成绩单及证书长期有效。 韩国语能力考试时间：每年度9月份的第一或第二星期日 考试地点：北京、上海、青岛、长春、香港 * 志愿者增多时，将会增加考点。 公告：每年度5月份-6月份之间登在韩国大使馆，韩国驻华总领馆（国内共有6个），各考点 及国内韩国语专业的院校。 报名处：北京大学考试中心： 010-62764111 上海外国语大学 海外考试中心：021-65422002 中国海洋大学外国语学院 考试中心：0532-5901716 吉林大学 海外考试中心：0431-8499358（人工）, 0431-5654687（24小时电脑值班）

D between …and 表示为在…之间，故选D

poster n.海报，招贴，公告；招贴画；张贴者；note n.注意；笔记；注解；便条

问题一：天涯海角用英文怎么说 the edge of the sky and the rim of the sea . I"m sure that"s a right answer. 问题二：天涯海角英语怎么说 the remotest corners of the earth; the four corners of the earth; the ends of the earth; 贰he uttermost of the earth Ultima Thule=天涯海角 天涯海角(Ultima Thule)-一个很出名的景点：）~ 是中国海南的“天涯海角”。 另外“天涯海角”的几种说法：）~ 天涯海角the ends of the earth 天涯海角the world"s end 天涯海角ultima Thule-是地名，算是最正式的了：）~ 天涯海角the ends of the world 很多情侣到“天涯海角”度蜜月，会彼此发“海誓山盟”英语是： 海誓山盟a solemn pledge of love. 问题三：天涯海角用英文怎么说？ The edge of the sky and the corner of the sea 或者天涯海角(Ultima Thule)-一个很出名的景点 问题四：天涯海角用英语怎么说？ the ends of the earth the w伐rld"s end ultima Thule 问题五：天涯海角翻译成英文 5分 作为服役十余年的系统，它已经迎来了自己的归宿。现在，全世界的网友不禁为这一顽强存在于microsoft十余载的系统肃然起敬。只有不断地探索、尝试、创新，才能使系统运行更人性化。这一点，是XP无法与7和8.1相媲美的。 问题六：天涯海角 英文翻译 5分 1. the ends of工the earth 2. the world"s end 3. ultima Thule

运输行业关键绩效指标（KPT）应从：任务完成情况、完成运量、安全指标（货物、人员）、运输成本、车辆状况、油料消耗及维修费用等方面制定：1、运输任务完成率2、完成运量及时率3、运输路线计划更改的次数4、运输货损率5、单位运输成本降低率6、装卸标准合格率7、车辆完好率8、车辆油耗降低率9、车辆维修费用降低率10、相关人员事故次数

Yesterday was my birthday, my parents decided to take me to the supermarket to buy some cakes and some other food for me. I was very happy to hear that good news. We took a taxi and went to the huge supermarket. The first thing that got into my eyes are some sweet biscuits that I always dreamed of. And so I said to mum,"Can you buy me that kind of biscuits please, mum? I always want one." "Ok, I will take it to you."Mum said. And then, we bought lots of delicious food, like cupcakes, meat, biscuits, bread, sweet and some snacks. How excited I was then! At night, we had a very great dinner. I really loved it and enjoyed it. We had a good time.

postern. 海报，招贴，公告； 招贴画； 张贴者； [古语]急行的人，匆忙赶路的人

稀土就是化学元素周期表中镧系元素——镧（La）、铈（Ce）、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钷(Pm)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu)，以及与镧系的15个元素密切相关的两个元素——钪（Sc）和钇（Y）共17种元素，称为稀土元素（Rare Earth）。简称稀土（RE或R）。稀土的分类】 1）轻稀土（又称铈组）：镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆。 2）重稀土（又称钇组）：铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥、钪、钇。 铈组与钇组之别，是因为矿物经分离得到的稀土混合物中，常以铈或钇比例多的而得名。 稀土金属(rare earth metals)又称稀土元素，是元素周期表ⅢB族中钪、钇、镧系17种元素的总称，常用R或RE表示。它们的名称和化学符号是钪(Sc)、钇(Y)、镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钷(Pm)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu)。它们的原子序数是21(Sc)、39(Y)、57(La)到71(Lu)。【名称由来】 17种稀土元素名称的由来及用途 镧(La) "镧"这个元素是1839年被命名的，当时有个叫"莫桑德"的瑞典人发现铈土中含有其它元素，他借用希腊语中"隐藏"一词把这种元素取名为"镧"。 镧的应用非常广泛，如应用于压电材料、电热材料、热电材料、磁阻材料、发光材料（兰粉）、贮氢材料、光学玻璃、激光材料、各种合金材料等。她也应用到制备许多有机化工产品的催化剂中，光转换农用薄膜也用到镧，在国外，科学家把镧对作物的作用赋与"超级钙"的美称。 铈（Ce） "铈"这个元素是由德国人克劳普罗斯，瑞典人乌斯伯齐力、希生格尔于1803年发现并命名的，以纪念1801年发现的小行星--谷神星。 铈的广泛应用: （1）铈作为玻璃添加剂，能吸收紫外线与红外线，现已被大量应用于汽车玻璃。不仅 能防紫外线，还可降低车内温度，从而节约空调用电。从1997年起，日本汽车玻 璃全加入氧化铈，1996年用于汽车玻璃的氧化铈至少有2000吨，美国约1000多吨. （2）目前正将铈应用到汽车尾气净化催化剂中，可有效防止大量汽车废气排到空气中 美国在这方面的消费量占稀土总消费量的三分之一强。 （3）硫化铈可以取代铅、镉等对环境和人类有害的金属应用到颜料中，可对塑料着色 ，也可用于涂料、油墨和纸张等行业。目前领先的是法国罗纳普朗克公司。 （4）Ce:LiSAF激光系统是美国研制出来的固体激光器，通过监测色氨酸浓度可用 于探查生物武器，还可用于医学。铈应用领域非常广泛，几乎所有的稀土应用领 域中都含有铈。如抛光粉、储氢材料、热电材料、铈钨电极、陶瓷电容器、压电 陶瓷、铈碳化硅磨料、燃料电池原料、汽油催化剂、某些永磁材料、各种合金钢 及有色金属等。 镨(Pr) 大约160年前，瑞典人莫桑德从镧中发现了一种新的元素，但它不是单一元素，莫桑德发现这种元素的性质与镧非常相似，便将其定名为"镨钕"。"镨钕"希腊语为"双生子"之意。大约又过了40多年，也就是发明汽灯纱罩的1885年，奥地利人韦尔斯巴赫成功地从"镨钕"中分离出了两个元素，一个取名为"钕"，另一个则命名为"镨"。这种"双生子"被分隔开了，镨元素也有了自己施展才华的广阔天地。镨是用量较大的稀土元素，其用于玻璃、陶瓷和磁性材料中。 镨的广泛应用: （1）镨被广泛应用于建筑陶瓷和日用陶瓷中，其与陶瓷釉混合制成色釉，也可单独作 釉下颜料，制成的颜料呈淡黄色，色调纯正、淡雅。 （2）用于制造永磁体。选用廉价的镨钕金属代替纯钕金属制造永磁材料，其抗氧性能 和机械性能明显提高，可加工成各种形状的磁体。广泛应用于各类电子器件和马 达上。 （3）用于石油催化裂化。以镨钕富集物的形式加入Y型沸石分子筛中制备石油裂化催 化剂，可提高催化剂的活性、选择性和稳定性。我国70年代开始投入工业使用， 用量不断增大。 (4)镨还可用于磨料抛光。另外，镨在光纤领域的用途也越来越广。 钕(Nd) 伴随着镨元素的诞生，钕元素也应运而生，钕元素的到来活跃了稀土领域，在稀土领域中扮演着重要角色，并且左右着稀土市场。 钕元素凭借其在稀土领域中的独特地位，多年来成为市场关注的热点。金属钕的最大用户是钕铁硼永磁材料。钕铁硼永磁体的问世，为稀土高科技领域注入了新的生机与活力。钕铁硼磁体磁能积高，被称作当代"永磁之王"，以其优异的性能广泛用于电子、机械等行业。阿尔法磁谱仪的研制成功，标志着我国钕铁硼磁体的各项磁性能已跨入世界一流水平。钕还应用于有色金属材料。在镁或铝合金中添加1.5～2.5%钕，可提高合金的高温性能、气密性和耐腐蚀性，广泛用作航空航天材料。另外，掺钕的钇铝石榴石产生短波激光束，在工业上广泛用于厚度在10mm以下薄型材料的焊接和切削。在医疗上，掺钕钇铝石榴石激光器代替手术刀用于摘除手术或消毒创伤口。钕也用于玻璃和陶瓷材料的着色以及橡胶制品的添加剂。随着科学技术的发展，稀土科技领域的拓展和延伸，钕元素将会有更广阔的利用空间。 钷(Pm) 1947年，马林斯基（J.A.Marinsky）、格伦丹宁（L.E.Glendenin）和科里尔（C.E.Coryell）从原子能反应堆用过的铀燃料中成功地分离出61号元素，用希腊神话中的神名普罗米修斯（Prometheus）命名为钷（Promethium）。钷为核反应堆生产的人造放射性元素。 钷的主要用途有: （1）可作热源。为真空探测和人造卫星提供辅助能量。 （2）Pm147放出能量低的β射线，用于制造钷电池。作为导弹制导仪器及钟表的电 源。此种电池体积小，能连续使用数年之久。此外，钷还用于便携式X-射线仪、 制备荧光粉、度量厚度以及航标灯中。 钐（Sm） 1879年，波依斯包德莱从铌钇矿得到的"镨钕"中发现了新的稀土元素，并根据这种矿石的名称命名为钐。 钐呈浅黄色，是做钐钴系永磁体的原料，钐钴磁体是最早得到工业应用的稀土磁体。这种永磁体有SmCo5系和Sm2Co17系两类。70年代前期发明了SmCo5系，后期发明了Sm2Co17系。现在是以后者的需求为主。钐钴磁体所用的氧化钐的纯度不需太高，从成本方面考虑，主要使用95%左右的产品。此外，氧化钐还用于陶瓷电容器和催化剂方面。另外，钐还具有核性质，可用作原子能反应堆的结构材料，屏敝材料和控制材料，使核裂变产生巨大的能量得以安全利用。 铕（Eu） 1901年，德马凯（Eugene-Antole Demarcay）从"钐"中发现了新元素，取名为铕（Europium）。这大概是根据欧洲（Europe）一词命名的。氧化铕大部分用于荧光粉。Eu3+用于红色荧光粉的激活剂，Eu2+用于蓝色荧光粉。现在Y2O2S:Eu3+是发光效率、涂敷稳定性、回收成本等最好的荧光粉。再加上对提高发光效率和对比度等技术的改进，故正在被广泛应用。近年氧化铕还用于新型X射线医疗诊断系统的受激发射荧光粉。氧化铕还可用于制造有色镜片和光学滤光片，用于磁泡贮存器件，在原子反应堆的控制材料、屏敝材料和结构材料中也能一展身手。 钆(Gd) 1880年，瑞士的马里格纳克（G.de Marignac）将"钐"分离成两个元素，其中一个由索里特证实是钐元素，另一个元素得到波依斯包德莱的研究确认，1886年，马里格纳克为了纪念钇元素的发现者 研究稀土的先驱荷兰化学家加多林（Gado Linium），将这个新元素命名为钆。 钆在现代技革新中将起重要作用。 它的主要用途有： （1）其水溶性顺磁络合物在医疗上可提高人体的核磁共振（NMR）成像信号。 （2）其硫氧化物可用作特殊亮度的示波管和x射线荧光屏的基质栅网。 （3）在钆镓石榴石中的钆对于磁泡记忆存储器是理想的单基片。 （4）在无Camot循环限制时，可用作固态磁致冷介质。 （5）用作控制核电站的连锁反应级别的抑制剂，以保证核反应的安全。 （6）用作钐钴磁体的添加剂，以保证性能不随温度而变化。 另外，氧化钆与镧一起使用，有助于玻璃化区域的变化和提高玻璃的热稳定性。氧化钆还可用于制造电容器、x射线增感屏。 在世界上目前正在努力开发钆及其合金在磁致冷方面的应用，现已取得突破性进展，室温下采用超导磁体、金属钆或其合金为致冷介质的磁冰箱已经问世。 铽(Tb) 1843年瑞典的莫桑德（Karl G.Mosander）通过对钇土的研究，发现铽元素（Terbium）。铽的应用大多涉及高技术领域，是技术密集、知识密集型的尖端项目，又是具有显著经济效益的项目，有着诱人的发展前景。 主要应用领域有： （1）荧光粉用于三基色荧光粉中的绿粉的激活剂，如铽激活的磷酸盐基质、铽激活 的硅酸盐基质、铽激活的铈镁铝酸盐基质，在激发状态下均发出绿色光。 （2）磁光贮存材料，近年来铽系磁光材料已达到大量生产的规模，用Tb-Fe非晶态 薄膜研制的磁光光盘，作计算机存储元件，存储能力提高10～15倍。 (3）磁光玻璃，含铽的法拉第旋光玻璃是制造在激光技术中广泛应用的旋转器、隔离 器和环形器的关键材料。特别是铽镝铁磁致伸缩合金（TerFenol）的开发研制， 更是开辟了铽的新用途，Terfenol是70年代才发现的新型材料，该合金中有一半 成份为铽和镝，有时加入钬，其余为铁，该合金由美国依阿华州阿姆斯实验室首 先研制，当Terfenol置于一个磁场中时，其尺寸的变化比一般磁性材料变化大这 种变化可以使一些精密机械运动得以实现。铽镝铁开始主要用于声纳，目前已广 泛应用于多种领域，从燃料喷射系统、液体阀门控制、微定位到机械致动器、机 构和飞机太空望远镜的调节 机翼调节器等领域。 镝（Dy） 1886年，法国人波依斯包德莱成功地将钬分离成两个元素，一个仍称为钬，而另一个根据从钬中"难以得到"的意思取名为镝（dysprosium）。镝目前在许多高技术领域起着越来越重要的作用. 镝的最主要用途是: （1）作为钕铁硼系永磁体的添加剂使用，在这种磁体中添加2~3%左右的镝，可提 高其矫顽力，过去镝的需求量不大，但随着钕铁硼磁体需求的增加，它成为 必要的添加元素，品位必须在95～99.9%左右，需求也在迅速增加。 （2）镝用作荧光粉激活剂，三价镝是一种有前途的单发光中心三基色发光材料的 激活离子，它主要由两个发射带组成，一为黄光发射，另一为蓝光发射，掺 镝的发光材料可作为三基色荧光粉。 （3）镝是制备大磁致伸缩合金铽镝铁（Terfenol）合金的必要的金属原料，能使 一些机械运动的精密活动得以实现。 (4）镝金属可用做磁光存贮材料，具有较高的记录速度和读数敏感度。 （5）用于镝灯的制备，在镝灯中采用的工作物质是碘化镝，这种灯具有亮度大、 颜色好、色温高、体积小、电弧稳定等优点，已用于电影、印刷等照明光源。 （6）由于镝元素具有中子俘获截面积大的特性，在原子能工业中用来测定中子能 谱或做中子吸收剂。 （7）Dy3Al5O12还可用作磁致冷用磁性工作物质。随着科学技术的发展，镝的应 用领域将会不断的拓展和延伸。 钬(Ho) 十九世纪后半叶，由于光谱分析法的发现和元素周期表的发表，再加上稀土元素电化学分离工艺的进展，更加促进了新的稀土元素的发现。1879年，瑞典人克利夫发现了钬元素并以瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩地名命名为钬（holmium）。 钬的应用领域目前还有待于进一步开发，用量不是很大，最近，包钢稀土研究院采用高温高真空蒸馏提纯技术，研制出非稀土杂质含量很低的高纯金属钬Ho/∑RE>99.9%。 目前钬的主要用途有： (1)用作金属卤素灯添加剂，金属卤素灯是一种气体放电灯，它是在高压汞灯基础上 发展起来的，其特点是在灯泡里充有各种不同的稀土卤化物。目前主要使用的 是稀土碘化物，在气体放电时发出不同的谱线光色。在钬灯中采用的工作物质 是碘化钬，在电弧区可以获得较高的金属原子浓度，从而大大提高了辐射效能。 (2)钬可以用作钇铁或钇铝石榴石的添加剂； (3)掺钬的钇铝石榴石（Ho:YAG）可发射2μm激光，人体组织对2μm激光吸收率高， 几乎比Hd:YAG高3个数量级。所以用Ho:YAG激光器进行医疗手术时，不但可以 提高手术效率和精度，而且可使热损伤区域减至更小。钬晶体产生的自由光 束可消除脂肪而不会产生过大的热量，从而减少对健康组织产生的热损伤，据 报道美国用钬激光治疗青光眼，可以减少患者手术的痛苦。我国2μm激光晶体 的水平已达到国际水平，应大力开发生产这种激光晶体。 (4)在磁致伸缩合金Terfenol-D中，也可以加入少量的钬，从而降低合金饱和磁化 所需的外场。 (5)另外用掺钬的光纤可以制作光纤激光器、光纤放大器、光纤传感器等等光通讯器 件在光纤通信迅猛的今天将发挥更重要的作用。 铒（Er） 1843年，瑞典的莫桑德发现了铒元素（Erbium）。铒的光学性质非常突出，一直是人们关注的问题： （1）Er3+在1550nm处的光发射具有特殊意义，因为该波长正好位于光纤通讯的光学 纤维的最低损失，铒离子（Er3+）受到波长980nm、1480nm的光激发后，从基态 4I15/2跃迁至高能态4I13/2，当处于高能态的Er3+再跃迁回至基态时发射出 1550nm波长的光，石英光纤可传送各种不同波长的光，但不同的光光衰率不同， 1550nm频带的光在石英光纤中传输时光衰减率最低（0.15分贝/公里），几乎为 下限极限衰减率。因此，光纤通信在1550nm处作信号光时，光损失最小。这样， 如果把适当浓度的铒掺入合适的基质中，可依据激光原理作用，放大器能够补 偿通讯系统中的损耗，因此在需要放大波长1550nm光信号的电讯网络中，掺铒 光纤放大器是必不可少的光学器件，目前掺铒的二氧化硅纤维放大器已实现商业 化。据报道，为避免无用的吸收，光纤中铒的掺杂量几十至几百ppm。光纤通信的 迅猛发展，将开辟铒的应用新领域。 （2）另外掺铒的激光晶体及其输出的1730nm激光和1550nm激光对人的眼睛安全，大 气传输性能较好，对战场的硝烟穿透能力较强，保密性好，不易被敌人探测，照 射军事目标的对比度较大，已制成军事上用的对人眼安全的便携式激光测距仪。 （3）Er3+加入到玻璃中可制成稀土玻璃激光材料，是目前输出脉冲能量最大，输出 功率最高的固体激光材料。 （4）Er3+还可做稀土上转换激光材料的激活离子。 (5）另外铒也可应用于眼镜片玻璃、结晶玻璃的脱色和着色等。 铥（Tm） 铥元素是1879年瑞典的克利夫发现的，并以斯堪迪那维亚（Scandinavia）的旧名Thule命名为铥（Thulium）。 铥的主要用途有以下几个方面： （1）铥用作医用轻便X光机射线源，铥在核反应堆内辐照后产生一种能发射X射线的同位素，可用来制造便携式血液辐照仪上，这种辐射仪能使铥-169受到高中子束的作用转变为铥-170，放射出X射线照射血液并使白血细胞下降，而正是这些白细胞引起器官移植排异反应的，从而减少器官的早期排异反应。 （2）铥元素还可以应用于临床诊断和治疗肿瘤，因为它对肿瘤组织具有较高亲合性，重稀土比轻稀土亲合性更大，尤其以铥元素的亲合力最大。 （3）铥在X射线增感屏用荧光粉中做激活剂LaOBr:Br（蓝色），达到增强光学灵敏度，因而降低了X射线对人的照射和危害，与以前钨酸钙增感屏相比可降低X射线剂量50%，这在医学应用具有重要现实的意义。 （4）铥还可在新型照明光源 金属卤素灯做添加剂。 （5）Tm3+加入到玻璃中可制成稀土玻璃激光材料，这是目前输出脉冲量最大，输出功率最高的固体激光材料。Tm3+也可做稀土上转换激光材料的激活离子。 镱（Yb） 1878年，查尔斯（Jean Charles）和马利格纳克（G.de Marignac）在"铒"中发现了新的稀土元素，这个元素由伊特必（Ytterby）命名为镱（Ytterbium）。 镱的主要用途有（1）作热屏蔽涂层材料。镱能明显地改善电沉积锌层的耐蚀性，而且含镱镀层比不含镱镀层晶粒细小，均匀致密。（2）作磁致伸缩材料。这种材料具有超磁致伸缩性即在磁场中膨胀的特性。该合金主要由镱/铁氧体合金及镝/铁氧体合金构成，并加入一定比例的锰，以便产生超磁致伸缩性。（3）用于测定压力的镱元件，试验证明，镱元件在标定的压力范围内灵敏度高，同时为镱在压力测定应用方面开辟了一个新途径。（4）磨牙空洞的树脂基填料，以替换过去普遍使用银汞合金。（5）日本学者成功地完成了掺镱钆镓石榴石埋置线路波导激光器的制备工作，这一工作的完成对激光技术的进一步发展很有意义。另外，镱还用于荧光粉激活剂、无线电陶瓷、电子计算机记忆元件（磁泡）添加剂、和玻璃纤维助熔剂以及光学玻璃添加剂等。 镥（Lu） 1907年，韦尔斯巴赫和尤贝恩（G.Urbain）各自进行研究，用不同的分离方法从"镱"中又发现了一个新元素，韦尔斯巴赫把这个元素取名为Cp(Cassiopeium)，尤贝恩根据巴黎的旧名lutece将其命名为Lu(Lutetium)。后来发现Cp和Lu是同一元素，便统一称为镥。 镥的主要用途有（1）制造某些特殊合金。例如镥铝合金可用于中子活化分析。（2）稳定的镥核素在石油裂化、烷基化、氢化和聚合反应中起催化作用。（3）钇铁或钇铝石榴石的添加元素，改善某些性能。（4）磁泡贮存器的原料。（5）一种复合功能晶体掺镥四硼酸铝钇钕，属于盐溶液冷却生长晶体的技术领域，实验证明，掺镥NYAB晶体在光学均匀性和激光性能方面均优于NYAB晶体。（6）经国外有关部门研究发现，镥在电致变色显示和低维分子半导体中具有潜在的用途。此外，镥还用于能源电池技术以及荧光粉的激活剂等。 钇(Y) 1788年，一位以研究化学和矿物学、收集矿石的业余爱好者瑞典军官卡尔·阿雷尼乌斯（Karl Arrhenius）在斯德哥尔摩湾外的伊特必村（Ytterby），发现了外观象沥青和煤一样的黑色矿物，按当地的地名命名为伊特必矿（Ytterbite）。1794年芬兰化学家约翰·加多林分析了这种伊特必矿样品。发现其中除铍、硅、铁的氧化物外，还含有38%的未知元素的氧化物枣"新土"。1797年，瑞典化学家埃克贝格（Anders Gustaf Ekeberg）确认了这种"新土"，命名为钇土（Yttria,钇的氧化物之意）。 钇是一种用途广泛的金属，主要用途有:（1）钢铁及有色合金的添加剂。FeCr合金通常含0.5-4%钇，钇能够增强这些不锈钢的抗氧化性和延展性；MB26合金中添加适量的富钇混合稀土后，合金的综合性能得到明显的改善，可以替代部分中强铝合金用于飞机的受力构件上；在Al-Zr合金中加入少量富钇稀土，可提高合金导电率；该合金已为国内大多数电线厂采用；在铜合金中加入钇，提高了导电性和机械强度。 （2）含钇6%和铝2%的氮化硅陶瓷材料，可用来研制发动机部件。（3）用功率400瓦的钕钇铝石榴石激光束来对大型构件进行钻孔、切削和焊接等机械加工。（4）由Y-Al石榴石单晶片构成的电子显微镜荧光屏，荧光亮度高，对散射光的吸收低，抗高温和抗机械磨损性能好。（5）含钇达90%的高钇结构合金，可以应用于航空和其它要求低密度和高熔点的场合。 （6）目前倍受人们关注的掺钇SrZrO3高温质子传导材料，对燃料电池、电解池和要求氢溶解度高的气敏元件的生产具有重要的意义。此外，钇还用于耐高温喷涂材料、原子能反应堆燃料的稀释剂、永磁材料添加剂以及电子工业中作吸气剂等。 钪(Sc) 1879年，瑞典的化学教授尼尔森（L.F.Nilson, 1840~1899）和克莱夫（P.T.Cleve, 1840~1905）差不多同时在稀有的矿物硅铍钇矿和黑稀金矿中找到了一种新元素。他们给这一元素定名为"Scandium"（钪），钪就是门捷列夫当初所预言的"类硼"元素。他们的发现再次证明了元素周期律的正确性和门捷列夫的远见卓识。 钪比起钇和镧系元素来，由于离子半径特别小，氢氧化物的碱性也特别弱，因此，钪和稀土元素混在一起时，用氨（或极稀的碱）处理，钪将首先析出，故应用"分级沉淀"法可比较容易地把它从稀土元素中分离出来。另一种方法是利用硝酸盐的分极分解进行分离，由于硝酸钪最容易分解，从而达到分离的目的。 用电解的方法可制得金属钪，在炼钪时将ScCl3、KCl、LiCl共熔，以熔融的锌为阴极电解之，使钪在锌极上析出，然后将锌蒸去可得金属钪。另外，在加工矿石生产铀、钍和镧系元素时易回收钪。钨、锡矿中综合回收伴生的钪也是钪的重要来源之一。 钪在化合物中主要呈3价态，在空气中容易氧化成Sc2O3而失去金属光泽变成暗灰色。 钪能与热水作用放出氢，也易溶于酸，是一种强还原剂。 钪的氧化物及氢氧化物只显碱性，但其盐灰几乎不能水解。钪的氯化物为白色结晶，易溶于水并能在空气中潮解。 在冶金工业中，钪常用于制造合金（合金的添加剂），以改善合金的强度、硬度和耐热和性能。如，在铁水中加入少量的钪，可显著改善铸铁的性能，少量的钪加入铝中，可改善其强度和耐热性。 在电子工业中，钪可用作各种半导体器件，如钪的亚硫酸盐在半导体中的应用已引起了国内外的注意，含钪的铁氧体在计算机磁芯中也颇有前途。 在化学工业上，用钪化合物作酒精脱氢及脱水剂，生产乙烯和用废盐酸生产氯时的高效催化剂。 在玻璃工业中，可以制造含钪的特种玻璃。 在电光源工业中，含钪和钠制成的钪钠灯，具有效率高和光色正的优点。 自然界中钪均以45Sc形式存在，另外，钪还有9种放射性同位素，即40～44Sc和46～49Sc。其中，46Sc作为示踪剂，已在化工、冶金及海洋学等方面使用。在医学上，国外还有人研究用46Sc来医治癌症 稀土资源。 稀土一词是历史遗留下来的名称。稀土元素是从18世纪末叶开始陆续发现，当时人们常把不溶于水的固体氧化物称为土。稀土一般是以氧化物状态分离出来的，又很稀少，因而得名为稀土。通常把镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕称为轻稀土或铈组稀土；把钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥钇称为重稀土或钇组稀土。也有的根据稀土元素物理化学性质的相似性和差异性，除钪之外(有的将钪划归稀散元素)，划分成三组，即轻稀土组为镧、铈、镨、钕、钷；中稀土组为钐、铕、钆、铽、镝；重稀土组为钬、铒、铥、镱、镥、钇。 这些稀土元素的发现，从1794年芬兰人加多林(J.Gadolin)分离出钇到1947年美国人马林斯基(J.A.Marinsky)等制得钷，历时150多年。其中大部分稀土元素是欧洲的一些矿物学家、化学家、冶金学家等发现制取的。钷是美国人马林斯基、格兰德宁(L.E.Glendenin)和科列尔(C.D.Coryell)用离子交换分离，在铀裂变产物的稀土元素中获得的。过去认为自然界中不存在钷，直到1965年，芬兰一家磷酸盐工厂在处理磷灰石时发现了痕量的钷。

天冷可以把怠速调高一点，这样不容易熄火，还有就是热车时，可以把风门打开，等车热后再关闭风门