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The Missouri River and the Mississippi Ruver 密苏里河与密西西比河
The Missouri River flows from the confluence of the Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin and is the longest river in United States. Taken together, the Jefferson, the Missouri, and the Mississippi form the longest river system in North America. If measured from the source of the Jefferson at Brower"s Spring, to the Gulf of Mexico, the length of the Mississippi-Missouri-Jefferson combination is approximately 3,900 miles (6,300 km), making the combination the 4th longest river in the world. The uppermost 207 miles (333 km) of this combined river are called the Jefferson, the lowest 1,352 miles (2,176 km) are part of the Mississippi, and the intervening 2,341 miles (3,767 km) are called the Missouri.
The Arkansas River is the second longest tributary of the Mississippi River. Measured by water volume, the largest of all Mississippi tributaries is the Ohio River.
The widest point of the Mississippi River is Lake Winnibigoshish, near Grand Rapids, Minnesota at over 7 miles (11 km) across. Also of note is Lake Onalaska, near La Crosse, Wisconsin, where the river is over 4 miles (6.4 km) wide (created by Lock and Dam No. 7) and Lake Pepin at more than 2 miles (3.2 km) wide.[5] However, the first two areas are lakes or reservoirs rather than free flowing water. In other areas where the Mississippi is a flowing river (other than Lake Pepin), it exceeds 1 mile (1.6 km) in width in several places in its lower course.
Beginning with its source at Lake Itasca to Saint Louis Missouri, the Mississippi"s flow is moderated by 43 dams. Fourteen of these dams are located above Minneapolis Minnesota in the Headwaters region and serve multiple purposes including power generation and recreation. The remaining 29 dams beginning in downtown Minneapolis all contain locks and were constructed to permit commercial navigation of the upper river. Taken as a whole these 43 dams significantly shape the geography and influence the ecology of the upper river. Beginning just below Saint Paul Minnesota and continuing throughout the upper and lower river, the Mississippi is further controlled by thousands of wing dikes that moderate the river"s flow in order to maintain an open navigation channel and prevent the river from eroding its banks.
The Mississippi River runs through 10 states and was used to define portions of these states" borders. The middle of the riverbed at the time the borders were established was the line to define the borders between states.[6][7] The river has since shifted, but the state borders of Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Mississippi have not changed; they still follow the former bed of the Mississippi River as of their establishment.
The river is divided into the upper Mississippi, from its source south to the Ohio River, and the lower Mississippi, from the Ohio to its mouth near New Orleans, Louisiana.
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亚马逊河
moderated是什么意思及反义词
moderated 英["mɑ:du0259ru026atu026ad] 美["mɑ:du0259ru026atu026ad] v. (使) 减轻[缓和],节制( moderate的过去式和过去分词 ); 审核评分(查看不同阅卷人所打分数是否公平一致); [例句]Amongst relief workers, the immediate sense of crisis has moderated somewhat救援人员的紧迫危机感已经有所减弱。[其他] 原型: moderate2023-07-22 17:20:541
moderete是什么意思?
基本会员资料2023-07-22 17:21:024
moderate是什么意思
moderate英 [u02c8mu0252du0259ru0259t] 美 [u02c8mɑ:du0259ru0259t] adj.有节制的;稳健的,温和的;适度的,中等的;<美俚>慢吞吞的2023-07-22 17:21:432
moderate dysplasia,cin-2是什么意思
意思是:中度发育不良CIN-2级。重点词汇:moderate英['mu0252du0259ru0259t]释义:adj.普通的,中等的;不偏激的,温和的;有节制的,不过分的;(变化)不大的,有限的。v.缓和,使适中;主持(讨论或会议);审核评分(查看不同阅卷人所打分数是否公平一致);(物理)使(中子)减速。n.持温和政见者。[复数:moderates;第三人称单数:moderates;现在分词:moderating;过去式:moderated;过去分词:moderated;比较级:more moderate;最高级:most moderate]短语:moderate price价格公道;合理价格。例句:用作形容词(adj)Moderate exercise will be of benefit to you.适度运动对你有益。Corn plants grow well in moderate weather.谷类植物在温和气候中生长繁盛。2023-07-22 17:21:501
Modevate是什么意思
moderate英["mu0254du0259rit]美["mɑdu0259ru0259t]a.1.(量、强度、质等)中等的,适度的2.见解(通常指政治方面)不极端的,不偏激的,温和的3.有节制的,不过分的v.1.温和,使适中2.[V][BrE]审核评分(查看不同阅卷人所打分数是否公平一致)n.持温和观点者(尤指政见)a. 1.(量、强度、质等)中等的,适度的 2.见解(通常指政治方面)不极端的,不偏激的,温和的 3.有节制的,不过分的 v. 1.温和,使适中 2.[V][BrE]审核评分(查看不同阅卷人所打分数是否公平一致) n. 持温和观点者(尤指政见) 时 态:moderated,moderating,moderates名 词:mod"era"tion副 词:mod"erately点击查看……同反义词同: [v.] contain, lead, mince, tame[n.] centrist, middle of the roader, moderationist[a.] restrained, temperate 反: [a.] immoderate 点击查看……参考例句A yellow green of low to medium lightness and low to moderate saturation.橄榄色一种低到中等尖亮度和低至中等饱和度的黄绿色收藏The walking shoes of this famous brand are artistic and tasteful, durable, and available at moderate price. all this gives users a feeling of comfort.名牌旅游鞋,美观大方,经久耐穿,价格适中,倍感舒适。收藏Not only are most Green House residents vegetarian, but they are also moderate freegans, meaning that they eat mainly what they can get for free“绿色之家”的多数成员不仅是素食主义者,还是温和的“白食者”,也就是说,他们所吃的大都是白来的。收藏The centre is the name for moderate, middle-of-the-road parties and politics, scorned by the doctrinaire and idealist中间派是用于指温和的,走中间道路的党派和政治,他们受到教条主义者和唯心主义者的藐视。收藏A moderate to grayish or light grayish yellowish brown or light olive brown.黄褐色,灰褐色,浅褐色中等程度的黄褐色、灰或浅灰的黄褐色或浅黄褐色收藏 more...点击查看……常用短语moderate breezen. 和风moderate gale疾风点击查看……英英解释动词解释:preside overJohn moderated the discussion[同] lead, moderate, chairmake less fast or intensemoderate your speed更多 ... lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limitsmoderate your alcohol intake hold your tongue hold your temper control your anger[同] contain, control, curb, hold, hold in, moderate, checkmake less severe or harshHe moderated his tone when the students burst out in tears[同] mince, moderate, softenmake less strong or intense; softenTone down that aggressive letter The author finally tamed some of his potentially offensive statements[同] moderate, tame, tone downrestrain or temper[同] moderate, temper, chasten收起 ...点击查看……名词解释:a person who takes a position in the political center[同] centrist, middle of the roader, moderate, moderationist点击查看……形容词解释:being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extrememoderate prices a moderate income a moderate fine moderate demands a moderate estimate a moderate eater moderate success a kitchen of moderate size the X-ray showed moderate enlargement of the heart[反] immoderatenot extremea moderate penalty temperate in his response to criticism[同] moderate, temperate2023-07-22 17:22:071
国外论坛中经常有两个单词, "moderated " 和" thread" 是什么意思?
moderated 使……缓和,调节thread 细致地分析2023-07-22 17:22:173
模联mc是什么
(1)Moderated Caucus,中文叫有组织核心磋商。又是冠冕堂皇的名字。Moderated 就是“被调和、控制的”,caucus 指政治会议,所以这实际上就是个有组织会议。会议形式和正式辩论一样。要提出moderated caucus 你需要向主席说明3 点内容:A. 这个caucus 要谈什么内容B. 这个caucus 要持续多长时间(一般10~15 分钟为好)C. 给每个要在这个caucus 中发言的代表多长时间发言一般提出moderated caucus 的国家代表就是第一个发言的,但是你不想发言的话可以和主席说你要放弃第一个发言的机会。时间到了以后,主席就会问:“Are there any other points or motions on the ground?”如果你还想提就继续提。如果没有motion 或points(这个我们一会儿讲)主席就会回到主发言表上。2023-07-22 17:22:381
moderate是什么意思 详解moderate一词的含义?
- The weather is moderate today.(今天的天气很温和。)- Please take a moderate amount of food.(请适量食用食物。)- We need to moderate the temperature in the room.(我们需要调节房间的温度。)- He tried to moderate his tone of voice.(他试图缓和自己的语气。)- The weather is moderate today.(今天的天气很温和。)- He is a moderate in politics.(他是一个政治上的中间派。)2023-07-22 17:22:464
be moderated 有“被引见”的意思吗
应该没有这个意思2023-07-22 17:22:545
moderate造句
His command of English is just moderate in the class.2023-07-22 17:23:082
新手紧急提问,十万火急,求教moderated mediation 分析
现在管理学已经不满足于简单的中介和调节,为了更加清楚和准确地估计调节和中介作用,以及综合考虑中介和调节关系,Edwards & Lambert (2007),Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes (2007) 等学者提出了检验Moderated mediation model(可以用这个统称Moderated mediation 以及Mediated moderation) 的方法,附件是Preacher & Hayes (2008) 的代码,采用Bootstrapping 的方法来估计这一类关系,可以用于SPSS,SAS 等多个统计软件。2023-07-22 17:23:161
moderated-t-test是什么意思
moderated-t-test词典结果moderated-t-test主持T测验2023-07-22 17:23:251
模联是干什么的
模拟联合国……简称MUN是模仿联合国及相关的国际机构,依据其运作方式和议事原则,围绕国际上的热点问题召开的会议。 青年学生们扮演不同国家的外交官,作为各国代表,参与到“联合国会议”当中。 代表们遵循大会规则,在会议主席团的主持下,通过演讲阐述“自己国家”的观点,为了“自己国家”的利益进行辩论、游说,他们与友好的国家沟通协作,解决冲突;他们讨论决议草案,促进国际合作;他们在“联合国”的舞台上,充分发挥自己的才能。 虽然对模拟联合国活动其起源没有确切的历史记载,但普遍公认这项活动起源于美国哈佛大学。 在联合国成立之前,就有一批学生活跃在校园里,他们对国际组织、对国际政治充满了浓厚的兴趣。 活跃的哈佛学子在积极活动的同时探索出新的形式。 他们开始模拟不同国家的外交官,参照国际联盟的议事程序讨论国际问题。 后来联合国成立,这样一种模拟会议的形式被保留下来,并逐步发展成熟,形成了模拟联合国活动。 经过60多年的发展,模拟联合国活动现在已经风靡全世界,形式多样,规模不一,有国际大会、全国大会,还有地区级和校际间的大会,参与者有大学生到高中生,乃至初中生。 同时,模拟联合国活动已经不仅仅是对联合国机构的模拟,它还包括对其他全球或地区性多边组织, *** 内阁,国际论坛等组织或者会议的模拟。 目前全世界每年有近四百个国际模拟联合国大会在五大洲的50多个国家召开。 每年参与大会的师生来自世界100多个国家,总人数超过四百万人。 模拟联合国活动源自美国,在美国发展的也最为成熟。 全美各地的中学和大学都有模拟联合国活动。 其中哈佛全美模拟联合国大会(Harvard National Model United Nations Conference, HNMUN)是美国历史最悠久、规模最大、影响最深远的模拟联合国大会,委员会有近30个,参与人数近3000人。 哈佛全美模拟联合国大会的组织者全部为哈佛在校学生,他们的专业态度与敬业精神值得称赞,主席团针对议题书写的背景材料达三四十页,卓越的学术标准是其他大会不可比拟的。 美国最知名的大学包括常青藤六校,以及美国西点军校等军事院校都积极地参与进来。 (美国)全国模拟联合国大会 (National Model United Nations, NMUN)则是美国本土最为国际化的模拟联合国大会。 该大会由全美大学生联合会(National Collegiate Conference Association, NCCA)主办,从1946年发展至今。 会议规模达3500人,其中有一半来自美国以外的地区。 大会最具特色的是其会场选择在美国纽约联合国总部召开,这使得代表们能够身临其境,更加真实地感受各国外交官的工作环境。 2008年,NMUN将在美国纽约、华盛顿和中国西安在不同时段召开三组会议,以满足代表的不同需求。 海牙国际模拟联合国大会 (The Hague International Model United Nations, THIMUN)是面向中学生的规模最大的世界级模拟联合国大会。 每年吸引了近4000名来自世界各国的中学生。 1998年,海牙国际模拟联合国大会成为联合国正式承认的国际非 *** 组织,2002年联合国秘书长科菲?安南亲临大会,如今该大会已经有遍布五大洲的37个分会,每年总参加人数达十几万。 大会每年都会根据当年的国际焦点选定一个特定主题,如2007年为“消除极端贫困与饥饿”(Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger),2008年为“气候变迁”(Climate Change)。 通过5天的讨论,代表们的会议成果——表决通过的决议,将由大会组委会编辑成册,递交给联合国秘书处,并存于联合国图书馆。 表明全世界青年人为支持联合国,促进国际合作,企盼世界和平所作的贡献。 环球课堂 (Global Classrooms)也是针对中学生的国际模拟联合国项目,该项目由美国联合国协会主办。 虽然模拟联合国活动在美国有60年的历史了,但是活动主要在私立学校中开展,公立学校受资金、师资的限制参与模拟联合国活动的机会非常有限。 2001年美国发生了“911事件”,这让很多有识之士认识到各国青年人沟通与理解的重要性。 于是从2002年开始,在美林集团的资助下,美国联合国协会在原有的模拟联合国活动基础上推出了环球课堂,在全世界的高中,特别是公立学校中推广模拟联合国活动。 编辑本段 主要流程 模拟联合国对青年学生的吸引不仅在于其别具风格的形式更在于其真实的对于联合国规则的模拟。 在模拟联合国大会当中,参会学生将会根据特定的会议规则对某一议题进行演讲、辩论、磋商,形成书面文件,寻找解决方案。 模拟联合国主要通过语言交流和书面文件两套方式进行问题解决。 在语言方面: 通常会经过演讲(Speech)→有组织核心磋商(Moderated Caucus)→自由磋商(Unmoderated Caucus)→演讲(Speech)这样一个循环,不断就某一问题不断深入的进行交流讨论。 在书面文件方面: 通常会经过立场文件(Position Paper)→工作文件(Working Paper)→决议案草案(Draft Resolution)→修正案(Amendment)→决议案(Resolution)的一个单向流程。 立场文件是表明一个国家对某一议题基本立场和看法的文件,要求每个参会代表在会议召开前提交。 工作文件是通过对一个阶段会议的主要成果的整理而成,通常集结了一个或多个国家集团的主要观点。 决议草案是对一个议题的解决方案的初步解决方案。 修正案是对决议草案中的不足之处进行的修正。 模拟联合国活动之所以能够风靡全世界,是因为它是一项极富教育意义的活动。 为学生们带了更广阔的视野 模拟联合国活动关注的问题广泛,大都是当今各国面临的热点问题,在这样一个充满 *** 和挑战的全球化时代,在我国改革开放继续深化,国际局势依然复杂多变的背景下,积极参与这项活动不仅有助于同学们对联合国的了解,更为同学们打开一扇窗,提供了一个舞台,让大家关心世界,用国际眼光来思考问题,讨论问题。 模拟联合国活动中主要涉及的话题 ? 和平与安全 ? 恐怖主义 ? 人权 ? 环境 ? 贫穷与发展 ? 全球化 ? 公共卫生等 激发英语热情与培养学习能力 由于模拟联合国活动源自西方,大部分会议的工作语言是英文。 阅读背景资料、会场上书写大量文件、听取发言、阐述观点这些都对学生的英语水平提出了很高的要求。 模拟联合国活动是一种体验式的活动,代表们融入了外交情境,需要自觉自主的运用英语进行表达,这样的环境下,大大激发了学生学习英语的热情。 虽然最终的大会只有短短几天时间,但是在会议之前代表要做好充分的准备。 代表必须密切关注“自己的国家”,研究和学习一个国家的政治、经济、外交政策等方方面面,只有这样才能充分扮演好外交官的角色。 准备的过程实际上是一个多种学科知识的整合过程,代表们需要将政治、经济、历史和地理知识与大会要讨论的问题紧密结合,思考各个要素之间的联系。 这样就打破了学科间的壁垒,形成了丰满完整的知识体系。 模拟联合国活动涉及的学科: ? 历史 ? 地理 ? 数学 ? 文化 ? 经济 ? 军事 ? 自然科学等 锻炼领袖气质与合作精神 模拟联合国活动是一种互动性极强的学习经历,青年人不仅能够学习和讨论国际事务,还能够通过实践来锻炼自己组织、策划、管理的能力,研究和写作的能力,演讲和辩论的能力,解决冲突、求同存异的能力,与他人沟通交往等多方面能力。 这些会让学生受益终身。 其中包括: ? 研究 ? 写作 ? 演讲 ? 时间管理 ? 危机处理 ? 团队合作 ? 沟通与妥协 原联合国秘书长科菲?安南在一封致模拟联合国大会的贺信中说:“联合国依靠世界上每个人的努力而存在,尤其是像你们这样的青年。 这个世纪,不久就会是你们的。 ”当今的年轻人将是未来决策的制定者。 模拟联合国就是这样一个活动,让青年人的领袖才能得到锻炼。 中国正越来越多地在世界舞台上发挥作用,中国的年轻人也应该为迎接国际化的挑战做好充分的准备。 相信在模拟联合国的舞台上,青年学子能够上演精彩而震撼的一幕。 精英学生的盛会2023-07-22 17:23:341
我第一次参加模联 究竟要干些什么呢 我是作为新西兰国家代表,议题是 WHO 关于超级病毒的 拜托高人指点指
准备:NZL对超级病毒的政策背景部分1。NZL疫情2。NZL防疫成果和措施3。NZL对国际间防疫和卫生交流的态度和政策目标部分4。NZL对国际交通运输中对疫情国旅客的隔离政策。5。NZL有大量农产品出口,你的任务是要绝对保证农产品出口的安全不受病毒影响。基本是这样,下面还有一些信息你可能会用到,如果你觉得好,请多加点分。最重要的词汇(意思见下面流程部分):Speakers" ListMotionPoints(Points of order/personal privilege/inquiry,etc.)Formal DebateInformal DebateModerated CaucusUnmoderated Caucus (lobby)Page流程正式辩论(Formal Debate)点名(Roll Call)确定议题(Setting the Agenda) 发言及让渡时间(Speeches and Yield) 产生发言名单(Open the Speakers" List)发言让渡时间问题和动议(Motions or Points)投票表决(Voting) 非正式辩论(Informal Debate)有主持核心磋商(Moderated Caucus)三要素:主题(讨论什么?),总时间(讨论多久?),个人发言时间(每个人可以发言多久?) 无让渡时间(No Yield Time)自由磋商(Unmoderated Caucus) 自由体现在:仅规定了总时间(内容,个人发言时间自己掌握)点名(Roll Call) ——点名开始后,主席助理(Rapporteur)按字母表顺序,依次点到代表国家名,出席者举国家牌(Placard),回答”到(Present)”,表示自己出席,否则为“未出席(Absent)”。 ——点名完毕,主席助理会宣布实到人数以及简单多数(Simple Majority)与2/3多数(Two-thirds Majority) 。点名完毕,会议随即进入下一议程 —— 设定议题确定议题(Setting the Agenda)设定议题的前提:场上存在两个或更多议题(Multiple Topic Areas) 设场上有两个议题A与B。主席随机点出支持讨论议题A和支持讨论议题B的代表各3名,按A1-B1-A2-B2-A3-B3的次序,各自陈述90秒,随即投票决定议题(简单多数通过)——之后的所有讨论也将围绕该议题展开。设定议题完毕,会议随即进入下一议程 ——发言及让渡时间让渡时间(Yield Time)代表在发言时间内结束发言后,可将剩余时间让渡,让渡分为如下几种:让渡给他国代表(Yield Time to Another Delegate)让渡给问题 (Yield Time to Questions)让渡给评论 (Yield Time to Comments)让渡给主席 (Yield Time to the Chair)为保持会场次序,代表与代表间,代表与主席团之间的非正式交流应当使用意向条(Page)。会场专设工作人员,负责传递各种意向条。意向条书写完毕,举手向工作人员示意即可。2023-07-22 17:23:541
一道专八改错题,关于最高级前加the的问题?
你好,不好意思,我的英语不是太好,你发的这个我有点看不太懂,不能为您解答。2023-07-22 17:24:023
动议的基本含义
动议一般是指成员向大会提出的讨论和表决的事项。既可以是书面的,亦可以是口头的。成员提出动议前,需经过大会主席同意允许,然后方可提出书面或者口头动议。如果现场有其他成员附议,大会即可开始讨论或表决。与动议相关的具体规则,可以在大会或者组织的章程中明确,或者特殊约定,所有成员必须遵守。例如在学生会,政党会议,董事会,圆桌讨论等。遵守这些相关规则,不单能够提高会议效率,更是为了保护所有成员的利益。动议包括1.动议更改发言时间(Motion to set speaking time)2.动议暂时中断正式辩论(即使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式辩论阶段)(Motion for moderated/unmoderated caucus)3.动议暂停会议(Motion to suspend the meeting)4.动议结束辩论(Motion to close the debate)动议皆需表决,一般动议简单多数(50%+1个国家)通过,关于重要问题的动议须与会代表2/3多数通过2023-07-22 17:24:141
帆船的英文怎么写。。。。。
Sailing。采纳2023-07-22 17:24:433
高分求助请英语达人帮忙翻译一篇短文!谢谢!
已经有了!2023-07-22 17:25:3610
请问模拟联合国GA6怎么开 就是如何提motion和wp的问题
如果是动议磋商的话,可以Delegate of Spain motions for an unmoderated/moderated caucus. The topic is…………………………。The total time is ……………….and each delegate has ………………。(只是举例= =)WR是由几个国家起草直接交到委员会主席那里就可以了,主席会决定用不用在会议上讨论这份WR,总之较随意,格式也没什么规定。DR必须是严肃严谨一点,要有一定数量的附议国。也是直截递交给委员会主席,而且必须在会议上展示,起草国最好派代表介绍。有必要的话有Q&A环节。(以上是CDMUN的经验,供参考~~)2023-07-22 17:26:012
下面是我一篇文献的摘要跪求大神帮忙翻译
认知行为的社会技能训练(cbsst)是一个24届会议每周组治疗干预改善运作在精神分裂症患者。在我们以前的随机临床试验比较治疗如常(头)与头加组cbsst(格兰霍姆,大肠,麦奎德,强尼,竹,全景,奥斯兰德,属,perivoliotis,D,佩德雷利,体育,帕特森,T,杰斯特,摄像机,2005。随机对照试验的认知行为的社会技能训练中老年门诊慢性病精神分裂症。喜欢。J .精神病学162,520–529。),与会者与精神分裂症的cbsst显着更好的功能结果比与会者在头。本研究是一个次要分析神经功能预测结果在我们以前的cbsst试验。我们审查(1)是否神经功能障碍在基准调节功能结果在cbsst相对头,和(2)是否改善神经心理能力介导的改善功能结果cbsst。注意,言语学习和记忆,处理速度,和行政职能进行了评估基线,治疗结束时,和12个月的后续行动。更严重的神经功能障碍在基准预测穷功能结果治疗组(非特异性预测),但严重的神经之间的相互作用损害和治疗组没有显着的(无节制)。影响大小之间的差异治疗组功能性结果的措施在12个月的后续行动进行了类似的参与者与相对温和(四=。44–。64)和严重的(四=。29–60神经损伤。)。结果不支持这一假设,改善神经心理学能力介导的改善运作在cbsst。添加cbsst标准药理保健,因此,改进功能相关的标准服务,甚至对与会者有严重的神经损伤,这改善功能是不相关的改善神经能力的cbsst。出版有限公司2023-07-22 17:26:141
Mplus 两个调节变量分别调节不同阶段的中介 应该怎么写代码?
本篇内容包括Mplus SEM基础模型, 含(连续及类别数据)EFA/CFA及不同CFA模型的比较,测验等值检验, 不同数据类型潜变量之中介(Bootstrap), 调节, 调节的中介,及简单效应分析及做图。有人留言询问基础模型,所以一次性把主要的基础模型介绍完了哈哈……如果有人还问你Mplus基础模型咋搞,请把这篇文章甩给ta……目录1 CFA1.1 CFA 基本语句1.1.1语句解读1.1.2 Mplus语句一些常用符号1.1.3模型拟合指数说明1.2 CFA MpLUS 示例及结果解读1.3 备择模型及CFA模型比较1.4 类别变量CFA1.5 Subgroup CFA Test invariance1.5.1 Measurement invariance (MI)介绍1.5.2 性别作为subgroup MI 示例# EFA探索性因子分析#.1 连续变量的EFA#.2 类别变量的EFA2 中介模型的检验2.1 中介模型2.2 Bootstrap1.3 use model constraint 设定中介模型2.5 调节的中介3 调节模型检验3.1 潜变量调节模型3.2 简单效应分析及交互作用图4 如何报告数据结果5 代码获取方法1 CFATesting ameasurement model via CFA is always the first step in fitting a structural equationmodel (SEM).1.1 CFA基本语句1.1.1语句解读Title: 可以任意给定,如three factor modelTITLE: three factor modelVARIABLE:!数据文件里所有的变量名USEVARIABLES= 所使用的变量MISSING = ALL(-1); !界定缺失值,根据自己的设定可以是-999, -99任意ANALYSIS:TYPE = GENERAL;TYPE 主要有四种常见的分析类型· GENERAL最常用的, CFA, SEM, 一般线性回归模型· MIXTURE 用于类别变量的模型,最常用的latent class analysis· TWOLEVEL 多水平数据,可以是连续性及类别变量· EFA 探索性因子分析ESTIMATOR= ML; !estimation method如果所有的因变量是连续性变量,可以使用ML (Maximum Likelihood)如果有一个或多个因变量是类别变量categorical variable,应该使用WLSMV(a weighted least squares estimate)ITERATIONS= 1000; !运行的次数MODEL:!界定模型fdback BY FDBACK1 FDBACK2 FDBACK3;rolecon BY ROLECON1 ROLECON2 ROLECON3;OUTPUT:MOD STAND;MOD modificationindices,注:BY 是Measured by 的缩写ON 是regressed on 的缩写Y ON X Z; 表示X, Z 为自变量,Y 为因变量;WITH 是co-vary with的缩写,表示相关XWITH是用来创建潜变量的交互作用如: X BY X1 X2 X3;Z BY Z1 Z2 Z3;XZWITH | X WITH Z;如果要用潜变量模型求调节模型需要用到。1.1.2 Mplus语句一些常用符号@ 是用来set a constraintX WITH Y@0; !如果我们想要设定两个潜变量相关为0,* 星号用来 free a fixed –by-default parameter比如X BY X1* X2@1 X3 X4;为了模型识别,Mplus通常默认第一个条目的loading 系数为1,如果你想要改变默认设置,将第二个条目限定loading 系数为1,而第一个条目free to be estimated. 就可以用以上。() 这个是用来命名特定系数,一般复杂模型比较有用。Y1 ON X1 (a);Y2 ON X2 (b);Model constraint :a = 2*b;1.1.3模型拟合指数说明CFI, TLI, RMSEA, AIC,BIC Kline (2010):1.2CFA MpLUS 示例及结果解读对应代码文件: M1.2 three factor CFA模型说明:三个变量social support, teamwork, job satisfaction 分别有2个条目测量,验证CFA三因子模型,点击运行MpLUS会给出模型拟合指数及Loading。根据HU & Bentler CFI TLI 0.95, 0.08 SRMR, .06RMSEA 说明模型拟合指数较好Loading系数及变量之间的相关。1.3 备择模型及CFA模型比较至于如何选择不同的模型,可以参考实证研究可以试着运行1 factor, or three, 然后根据chi-sq, df比较模型,nested 模型通常比较两个模型的卡方值(卡方值的变化值 M1 卡方-M0卡方,自由度变化值df1-df0,查卡方表是否显著).Satorra & Bentler(2010)提出一种新的方法,Mplus官网有介绍:来源:https://www.statmodel.com/chidiff.shtml我已把这个公式放在一个EXCEL里面,你只需要MpLUS 里ESTIMATOR = ML, ML修改为MLR,跑两个不同的nestedmodel (M1 M0),然后会得到相关的几个数据,输入对应的EXCEL,再去查卡方表即可。1.4 类别变量CFA只需要添加一行代码说明CATEGORICAL =对应的ESTIMATOR =WLSMV;1.5 SubgroupCFA Test invariance1.5.1Measurement invariance (MI)介绍量表开发,或者纵向追踪数据的时候需要检验 measurement invariance (Van de Schoot,Lugtig, & Hox, 2012).具体的相关理论方面可以阅读文献 Van de Schoot et al. 2012, 作者详细提供了step by step guide 以及Mplus syntax。www.fss.uu.nl/mplus(), 打开链接发现作者也是UU的……然而并没有发现Mplus syntax…,但是UU学术笔记提供!通常检验:· factorloading, (weak invariance)· intercepts,(strong invariance)· andresidual variances (strict invariance)然后根据1.3提到的模型比较方法比较不同的模型1.5.2 性别作为subgroup MI 示例我把三个模型的代码写在一个syntax文件里了,运行的时候只需要删掉前面注释符号!即可Model 1就是普通的CFA不需要添加任何,Model 2, 需要在数据下面添加GROUPING …analysis添加依一句 !MODEL = configural metric scalar;注意:在修改代码时候一定要在英文输入法模式!输入!Mplus无法识别,mplus依然会运行原本需要忽略的代码,修改为英文!就会变成备注模式MODEL 2 Stronginvariance(对应代码文件M1.5.2 strong measurement invariance)就会得到invariance testing, 以及模型拟合指数ModeL3 Strict model(M1.5.3strict measurement invariance)Strict 模型拟合较差# EFA探索性因子分析#.1 连续变量的EFAEFA比较简单,简单说下 (对应代码文件M0EFA 1-4factor)只需要选择需要进行EFA 的变量,然后再分析方法指定EFA 然后 1和 4分别指,1-4 factor,运行就可以了结果就会给出不同模型的比较loading,以及拟合指数1 factor loadingsTwo factorsThree factor比较发现,two factor , 多个条目出现双载荷cross-loading,三个就更差了,综合模型比较急loading 系数选取单因子模型#.2 类别变量的EFA只需要制定categorical variable 即可2 中介模型的检验2.1 中介模型模型说明 teamwork—social support---job satisfaction (代码文件:M2.1 mediation bootstrap)用潜变量中介模型,每个变量有两个条目IND: only add atest for the indirect effect可以看出,所有的回归系数都显著;中介也是显著2.2 Bootstrap以同样的模型为例:teamwork—social support---job satisfaction在ANALYSIS: 命令下添加Bootstrap = 10000; 根据Hayes (2013) 一般5000次以上就可以。相应地,在OUTPUT: CINTERVAL (bcbootstrap);在代码M2mediation mplus, 已经添加了Bootstrap,只需要删掉前面的!号即可(!在mplus表示注释说明),运行就会获得bootstrap 结果;只需要不包含0说明结果显著。1.3 use model constraint 设定中介模型如果涉及多个中介时候这种方法比较好一些2.4 结果变量为类别变量的中介模型以性别作为结果变量,仅仅是为了演示……不然拿性别做因变量恐怕很难说得通在用到的变量里说明类别变量,分析方法也需要用MLR, a maximum likelihood estimator withrobust standard errors using a numerical integration algorithm will be used (Muthén &Muthén, 2017).其它把类别变量做自变量之类的,都大同小异,不再赘述。感兴趣的可以看看MpLUS USER GUIDE P.39-402.5 调节的中介对应代码文件M2.5 moderated mediation新建了交互作用WDxsocsup, 用潜变量或显变量的时候在分析方法交互作用设定都会有所不同。在前文MpLUS语句介绍里有说明 WITH 语句。其它的结果解读略去。这里演示的都以潜变量模型为例子,显变量模型可以参考MpLUS USER GUIDE P.37-413 调节模型检验3.1 潜变量调节模型其实已经在上面中介的调节里有说明了如何创建交互项,潜变量用 WITH 语句工作资源需求模型的,work demand *social support, 工作资源对工作需求的buffer effect就简单运行一个调节模型,work demand, social support, and WDxSSUP 对工作满意度的影响Output 输出代码稍有不同:STAND CINT SAMPSTAT;对应代码文件:3.1 latent moderation主效应显著,交互作用不显著。3.2 简单效应分析及交互作用图说实在在MpLUS里简单效应分析比较麻烦,做出来的原始图也比较丑……就用显变量模型演示。对应代码文件:M3.2 Moderation analysis withsimple slope test and plot首先创建交互项,但是回归分析一般需要数据中心化处理,所以在准备数据的时候最好直接创建交互作用,或者也可以用Define, 然后添加交互作用到usevariables !重要简单效应分析的第一步是首先跑一个回归模型,如果得到交互作用显著之后,根据概念模型写出对应地回归方程Stress =b0+age+b1*wkdem + b2*support+b3*DEMxSUP这里调节变量为sup, 简单效应分析就是调节变量在平均数加减一个标准差之三者之间slope的差异, bo b1等为非标准化的回归系数。Social support 平均数为3.464, 标准差为0.991, 基于此可以求出,Med, high, low social support; 这些数据可以通过TECH1 TECH8; 就可以给出,注MPlus提供的是方差,需要自己计算SD,或者可以用SPSSLOSUP= 3.464 - 0.991;MEDSUP = 3.464;HISUP = 3.464 + 0.991;然后界定三个slope,SIMP_LO = b1 +b3*LOSUP;SIMP_MED = b1 + b3*MEDSUP;SIMP_HI = b1 + b3*HISUP;然后上面的公式经过转换,分别界定三条线low, med, high,运行得出结果发现只有low social support 显著……然后查看具体交互作用图……以前以为MpLUS 做出来的图丑到无边……其实是没有调整好……4 如何报告数据结果可参考已发表实证研究。或关注UU学术笔记,目前我们联合众多博士正在整理管理学及心理学领域Top tier journal 数据结果报告的常用句库,未来一个月内会发在公众号。另外,我们英文写作句库已经发布了引言部分及文献综述、方法部分Academic writing: method (sentence bank)写好英文学术论文,你只差一个句库 (Sentence Bank)5代码获取方法· 代码都已经在文章截图呈现,所以可以根据自己数据改编。· 转发至朋友圈获得30个赞同;· 转发至于300人以上心理学或管理学硕士博士群发至邮箱uunotebook@163.com,我们会在3个工作日内发给你代码及数据如果需要MpLUS 软件或者数据准备不清楚,请看Mplus 7.4 软件及代码或者如果涉及复杂模型,LCALatent Transition Analysis(潜在群组转变): Mplus分析详解----欢迎关注我们一个专注于心理学及管理学领域统计方法(复杂模型Mplus及R软件的应用)及英文写作的公众号----另如果涉及统计及代码问题,请在文章下方留言或邮寄。公众号回复48小时就无法回复了。编辑于 2020-02-06 · 著作权归作者所有 赞同 146评论相关推荐京东PLUS会员的高级特权,很多人都不知道!白浪费了会员费!棉棉花糖的回答有什么适合学生党的性价比高的水乳套装推荐吗?貂馋螺蛳粉的回答男生怎么短时间内变帅、变白?我家狗会后空翻的回答你们的痘痘最后都是怎么完全好的?我叫陈世美的回答射频美容仪是伪科学吗?OO嘴的回答女生长期脾胃不好,该如何养胃?是在校学生有什么简单高效的方法吗?算命的说我很爱吃的回答请问大家一般找工作都是在什么app上找的,boss、58、前程无忧、智联这几个靠谱吗?陈默Silence的回答什么狗粮比较好?铲屎官kimi的回答知友推荐的山药粉真的能补脾胃吗,喝两个月有什么变化?(个人亲测)陈住气的回答2022智能手表保姆级选购指南 | 智能手表怎么选?华为、苹果、华米、OPPO等主流品牌手表深度对比评测(双十二特更)一昂羊的回答收起大家还在搜人力资源管理5p模型人力资源amo模型人力资源管理的模型精益六西格玛导入阶段人力资源能力模型人力资源分析常用模型人力资源管理常用模型人力资源345原则人力资源管理控制程序人力资源管理大咖索尼人力资源管理案例薪酬水平策略有几种模型塔克曼团队发展阶段模型塔克曼五阶段模型成型参数五大要素蒂蒙斯模型的三要素人力资源管理kpi指标osi参考模型的七个层次人力资源管理七种原则fms的七个评估动作图态度转变模型包含要素osi模型的七个层次设备osi参考模型七个层次胜任素质模型6要素aba的基本训练方法ecp八要素塔克曼团队发展阶段模型塔克曼五阶段模型 相关推荐十分钟学会有调节的中介分析——MPLUS_知乎作者:缇娜 在上期内容中,小编为大家简单介绍了有关“有调节的中介模型”的概念、目前发展趋势以及一种数据分析方法(PROCESS).因此本期内容主要聚焦于有调节的中介的另一种数据分析方法——MPLUS. 但是我们说这种方式对于没有...快速上手MPLUS数据处理_知乎作者:缇娜潜变量模型发展迅速.然而方法学领域的发展延伸到应用领域需要一段时间.这个时间的长短取决于方法学者的... 01 MPLUS基础知识和操作02 测量模型与验证性因素分析CFA——想做结构方差先从测量模型开始学起03 结构方程模型中...有调节的中介在Mplus中的实现(调节直接路径)_知乎当一个模型中既有中介变量,又有调节变量时,如何在Mplus中实现呢?本文的变量均为显变量,调节变量调节的路径为直接效应,即X到Y的这条路径.如果你的模型是第一阶段或第二阶段调节,可以参照本文略作修改.来看下模型长啥样,M为中...Mplus分析有调节的链式中介模型_知乎之前我们尝试分析了链式中介,如果有一个变量W调节了M1到M2这条路径的话,我们在链式中介语句的基础上,如何进行分析呢?链式中介的Mplus语句链接:用Mplus分析链式中介如果想从微信公众号上查看本文请关注公众号心理统计与测量:...有调节的中介在Mplus中的实现及结果详细解读_知乎在写论文的时候,我们常常会将中介和调节混合使用,2023-07-22 17:26:221
我以为你去哪开心了,白话解释
Imoderated the first event of director Duncan Jones, joined by female lead Paula Patton and Wu,2023-07-22 17:27:021
英语public 与the public的区别是什么?请给出例句,并结合例句解释。谢谢
public1.adj. 公众的;政府的;公用的;公立的 2.n. 公众;社会;公共场所the public 公众,民众,公众人士,公共体2023-07-22 17:27:132
英语:39. His self-confidence made him _____ to pressure.
39 .B 40. D 41. C 42. D 43 .A 44. A 45. A 46. D 47. B 真不容易啊,查了好几个单词呢~~求过!!2023-07-22 17:27:202
请忙帮翻译一下简历
Distinguished Leadership : you!Thank you most sincerely for this in his busy schedule to read my curriculum vitae, and wish you good health and Guidanwei thriving!When I was manager of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of fresh graduates 2007 session.In four years of university, I have tried to strengthen their quality, and enhance their own cultural training to improve their practical abilities.seize the opportunity to participate in extracurricular school activities and the use of the practice and training internships.2, a supplement to the students so that my organization, there have been different degree of coordination;Acting through one year of business school, my business processes, work flow have a clearer idea;Through several major competitions, so I teamwork, communication and cooperation have gained a deeper understanding;The 3rd through internships, I become more aware of their behaviors, and skills they acquired important.I firmly believe that such practice would give me faster and better adapted to the advantage of the future.At the school, I study hard expertise, majoring in e-business, not only has mastered the use of application software,Computer and smooth passage of the provincial secondary examinations.In English, I would rather focus on the spoken language, and actively participated in activities, had passed CET - 6 testEnglish interpretation is preparing examinations.Amateur in learning, I passed the driving test C1, Chinese Language and Literature examination and public relations qualifying examination.I love to study and work in the freshman has not been able to find a balance between the helpless; Through sophomore year.live in. I do not know the loss and better students; through the church, I love the job anxieties of the woods.Come today, I can gain a firm, careful, passion, confidence, courage : : University,rich social life and orderly but tense atmosphere of learning, I have been tempered and tested in many aspects;I strive to be a man of integrity and principle; I have the attitude that people should be calm and cool; I feel very many friends;I can make a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility in the face of difficulties and challenges.I sincerely hope to join your company, I will work with full enthusiasm and tenacious personality in your company"s step-by-step manner,Accumulation further enrich themselves and effectively contribute to your company, to create the future!For interviews with you, I would be very grateful.While awaiting your good news!Respectfully salute!2023-07-22 17:27:494
tyrwhitt造句 tyrwhittの例文 "tyrwhitt"是什麼意思
He was transferred to the Cape Verde Islands on Admiral Tyrwhitt . Tyrwhitt eventually rose to the position of a director of Newmont. Tyrwhitt -Drake was mayor of Victoria from 1876 to 1877. Tyrwhitt -Drake died in Victoria at the age of 78. In 1934 Tyrwhitt was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet. She died after giving birth to Joan and Arthur Tyrwhitt . Patrons included George Steevens, Thomas Crofts, John Hoole and Thomas Tyrwhitt . The ship was assigned to the Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt "s Harwich Force. Tyrwhitt -Drake came to British Columbia in 1863, settpng in Victoria. In 1862, Tyrwhitt -Drake married Joanna Tolmie. It"s difficult to see tyrwhitt in a sentence. 用 tyrwhitt 造句挺难的 Charles Tyrwhitt was founded as a mail order pany in 1986 by Bristol University. Manners married Robert Tyrwhitt in secretly in 1594. Captain Reginald Tyrwhitt took over the mand of the destroyer flotillas in December 1913. After her death in 1962, Agnew married secondly Lady ( Nancy ) Tyrwhitt . Initially Tyrwhitt was convinced that they were authentic, and pressed for pubpcation in 1777. He died childless and was succeeded by his niece Harriet Tyrwhitt , the elfth Baroness. The German objective was to bombard Tyrwhitt . Tyrwhitt was ordered to join Warrender with his destroyer flotilla but bad weather prevented this. Her second hu *** and was Sir Robert Tyrwhitt . Tyrwhitt was jailed for circumventing the queen. In 1986 he estabpshed the Charles Tyrwhitt pany and shirt brand, which he owns. Tyrwhitt turned back to assist Keyes on receipt of the signal that he was being chased. Denham took Tyrwhitt with him on an excursion to the southern tip of the Lake Chad. I"ve added the first names for Commodores Tyrwhitt and Goodenough and Rear Admiral Moore. He won the Tyrwhitt Hebrew Scholarship, the Mason Hebrew Prize, and the Jeremie Septuagint Prize. This brought him into association with Buckminister Fuller, Arnold Toynbee, Margaret Mead and Jaqupne Tyrwhitt . He was a descendant of John Tyrwhitt , brother of the first Baro of the 1808 creation. The Tyrwhitt -Drakes organised family and estate games at their property at Shardeloes, in Amersham. Friendship with John Henry Parker led Tyrwhitt into the debate over the Roman catabs and their significance. Tyrwhitt immediately turned his ships around and fled south, but not before the cruiser sustained severe damage. It"s difficult to see tyrwhitt in a sentence. 用 tyrwhitt 造句挺难的 The Tyrwhitt Road site was gazetted for conservation by the Urban Redevelopment Authority ( URA ) in 2007. The LSRCA also increased the size of the Baldwin and Tyrwhitt properties as well as the Zephyr Wetlands. When that Bill became the Great Reform Act of 1832, Tyrwhitt -Drake thereby lost his seat. Tyrwhitt wrote for periodicals, for example on art critici *** in the " Contemporary Review ". It was only when the third edition was pubpshed that Tyrwhitt changed his mind and pronounced the poems forgeries. Sir Phipp Tyrwhitt , who paid the cost initially, reportedly bought one bell and undertook to buy another. St . John Reginald Joseph Tyrwhitt and would have had a plement of 183 to 218 seamen and officers. Tyrwhitt became manding officer of the destroyer in 1904, of the scout cruiser First Fleet in December 1913. The weather had moderated earper that morning and Tyrwhitt was en route to reinforce the cruisers with eight destroyers. Thomas Tyrwhitt died in 1833; his vision, to generate agricultural development on the moor, had failed. It took a cash settlement from Robert Manners, Earl of Rutland, to secure Tyrwhitt "s release. He died unmarried as a sitting MP in 1796 and was replaced in January 1797 by Thomas Tyrwhitt Jones. In 2011, OVA organized the Victoria School 135th Anniversary Celebration Dinner at the former VS campus at Tyrwhitt Road. His friends and colleagues included Thomas Tyrwhitt , George Steevens, John Hoole and the anatomist and numi *** atist Wilpam Hunter. A third version, owned by the Tyrwhitt -Drake family, may have been missioned by Sir Francis Drake. The repeated appearances by the German cruisers caused Tyrwhitt to ask for assistance from the ships detached from the Grand Fleet. The first, on 22 August, attributed blame on the mander of " Arun ", Reginald Tyrwhitt . Drake Island, which is named after Justice Montague Wilpam Tyrwhitt -Drake, ( Mayor of Mount Waddington Regional District. Tyrwhitt -Drake"s portrait as Mayor of Maidstone is contained in the collection of Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery. A British fleet of 31 destroyers and o cruisers under Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt and submarines manded by Commodore Roger Keyes was dispatched. It"s difficult to see tyrwhitt in a sentence. 用 tyrwhitt 造句挺难的2023-07-22 17:27:561
motion list 怎么写
Motion List(Sorted by Precedence)Rule Point of Order Suspension of the Meeting Moderated Caucus Adjournment of the Meeting Second No Yes Debatable No No Vote Required None Simple Majority Simple Majority Simple Majority Interrupt Speaker Yes No Description Used to point out a misuse of the rules Recess the meeting for a specific period of time Change the meeting into a formal discussion moderated by the chair End the meeting Ends debate on any issue open to debate and brings it to an immediate vote Set or change the speakers" time limit No/New additional speakers added to the speakers" list Put Draft Resolutions into special order for voting. Vote by roll call, rather than show of placards Unanimous adoption2023-07-22 17:28:061
世界著名河流,要名字,地点,长度,年龄,因为什么而著名
亚马孙河(Amazonas Rio):亚马孙河是世界上流量最大、流域面积最广的河流。其长度仅次于尼罗河(约6400公里),为世界第二大河。 长江(the Changjiang River):全长6300千米,是中国第一、世界第三大河流,它共有大小400多条支流,水量大,是一条集航运、灌溉、养殖、发电于一身的黄金水道,注入东海。2023-07-22 17:28:131
模拟联合国的流程是什么啊?
把邮箱给我,我给你发流程的ppt,是专业培训用的2023-07-22 17:28:353
technoblade骨癌逝世 我的世界最火主播猪神遗憾退场
最受欢迎的MC主播technoblade,外号猪神,于2022年6月30日去世。或许是上帝需要一个人陪他玩我的世界吧,愿逝者安息。 Technoblade是一位广受欢迎的游戏玩家,因为他在YouTube上的Minecraft视频而闻名,他的家人周四宣布,他因癌症去世,享年23岁。 他的父亲在视频信息中读到了儿子的信息,儿子的名字被透露为亚历克斯标题为“SoLongNerds”的帖子发布到他的帐户,该帐户的浏览量已超过4200万次。 Minecraft是世界上最受欢迎的游戏之一,是一款多人控制台和电脑游戏,玩家可以在其中制作自己的结构并在3D环境中构建世界。Technoblade因其玩游戏的亲切幽默的视频而广受喜爱。 “大家好!这里是Technoblade。如果你们在看这个,我已经死了,”他在父亲宣读的信息中说,他没有在视频中提供自己的名字。“所以,让我们坐下来聊一聊。我的真名是亚历克斯。” Technoblade继续为“在过去的一年里卖得这么多”而道歉,但感谢他的粉丝购买了他的商品。 “我的兄弟姐妹要上大学!我的意思是,如果他们愿意的话。我不想给他们施加任何死去的兄弟同龄人的压力,”他说。 Technoblade继续说,如果能够再活一百次,他会“每次”再次选择相同的玩家标签。“那是我一生中最快乐的岁月,”Technoblade说。 “我希望你们喜欢我的内容,我让你们中的一些人发笑。我希望你们都继续过上幸福快乐的生活。因为我爱你们。Technoblade出来了。” 他的父亲说Technoblade是“任何人都可以要求得最了不起的孩子”。 在视频末尾提供的一份声明中,他的家人表示,Technoblade“一直在制定策略来取悦和奖励他的观众——发放在线奖品,鼓励良好的体育精神,最重要的是分享他的Minecraft冒险。” Technoblade的粉丝在视频和其他社交媒体网站的评论中向“传奇”致敬,用“Technoblade永不消亡”的短语称赞玩家的技巧。 来自 OWNER Hypixel的公告: 我们,Hypixel的工作团队,听闻Technoblade的家人们发布了他在长期与癌症的搏斗中不幸逝世的消息,深深地为此感到悲伤。 他会被永远铭记,被深深怀念。他,是一个亲切友好、天赋异禀而又充满激情、潜力无穷年轻人。我们对他感激不尽,也非常感谢他能成为我们团队中如此重要的一环,而我们现在所达到的成就,Technoblade功不可没。 2013年,当他第一次加入我们团队时,他干劲十足,非常乐于学习游戏设计等内容。Technoblade是我们Hypixel团队最早期的成员之一,主管用户反馈和游戏平衡,并且很快的和我们成为接下来几年的挚友。 Technoblade在那之后成为了最受国际上观众喜爱的Youtuber之一,坐拥超过一千万订阅者。他以众多Hypixel相关的内容系列作品及参与了MCC、Dream SMP等活动,为海量观众带来了闲暇之余的快乐时光,也为我们留下了值得怀念一生的宝贵记忆。在他万众瞩目的成功之下,他则是我们团队、我们社区的好朋友。 Technoblade为美国肿瘤基金会(Sarcoma Foundation of America)领导了一场筹款活动,他和他的社区在那里筹集了超过34万美元。如果你想致敬Technoblade所作出的努力,请访问 curesarcoma.org/donate/ 并在贡献者处输入 TECHNOBLADE 。此外,Hypixel与Hytale团队将会为美国肿瘤基金会捐赠50000美元作为对Technoblade的崇高敬意。 在征得他家人同意的情况下,我们也能够为Technoblade在Hypixel主大厅建造了一个纪念馆。该纪念馆将持续开放到7月末,玩家可以将他们的所思所想放进纪念馆的悼念书中。我们最后会将这本书上的内容汇总并打印,而后送到Technoblade的家人手中。 这是我(Simon)个人想说的一些话。我想说,我为他所做到的事情无比自豪。我很高兴我们能一同分享快乐的回忆,诸如我在排位赛中被他彻底吊打、一些活动,还有很多很多。在回顾那些视频的时候,我感到很心酸;我们当时还不知道那就是最后的旧时光。 安息吧,Technoblade。我们会好好铭记你的,朋友。 谨代表整个Hypixel社区, Simon,Noxy,及Hypixel、Hytale团队。 原文: We at Hypixel are deeply saddened by the announcement released by Technobladeu2019s family that he has passed away after his long-fought battle with cancer. He will be remembered fondly and missed deeply. He was a kind, talented, passionate young man with extraordinary potential. We are so thankful to him and grateful to have had him be such a prominent part of the greater community. In many ways, the success of many of us is tied to the success of Technoblade. When he first joined our community in 2013, he had great ambitions and was eager to learn game design and much more. Technoblade was one of the first to join one of the Hypixel teams that handled feedback and game balance and quickly became a friend amongst our team for years to come. Technoblade then became one of the most internationally adored Youtubers with over 10 million subscribers. With multiple various Hypixel seriesu2019 and his participation in groups like MCC and Dream SMP, he was able to bring joy to a huge audience and create memories for us all to cherish. Beyond his considerable success, he was a dear friend to many of us on the team and in the community. Technoblade led a fundraiser for the Sarcoma Foundation of America, where he and his community raised over ,000. If you wish to make a donation in Technobladeu2019s honor, visit curesarcoma.org/donate/ and enter TECHNOBLADE as the u2018Tribute Nameu2019. Additionally, the Hypixel and Hytale teams will be donating ,000 to the Sarcoma Foundation of America in Technobladesu2019 memory. With the consent of his family, weu2019ll also be establishing a tribute to Technoblade in the Hypixel main lobby. The memorial, which will be open until the end of July, will allow players to add themselves to a book of condolences. Weu2019ll later have the book moderated, physically printed, and presented to Technobladesu2019 family. As a personal note from me (Simon), I want to say how proud I am of what he has accomplished. Iu2019m happy we shared great memories together, from our duels where I got completely outclassed to the rank ceremony, events, and many more. I have a hard time watching these videos now; we didnu2019t know these were the good old days. Rest in peace Technoblade. We will miss you dearly, friend. On behalf of the entire Hypixel community, Simon, Noxy, and the Hypixel and Hytale teams. 对此,我只有一句话可说:Blood for the blood god, Technoblade fly high.2023-07-22 17:28:501
safer什么意思
safer:a.安全的;ad.安全地例如:1.Thewindhasmoderated,makingsailingsafer.风势已减弱,做帆船运动较为安全了.2.Peoplealwaysusedtotellme:putyourmoneyinbricksandmortar,thereisnothingsafer.SoIboughtmyhouse.人们过去总是这么告诫我:把钱用在购置房屋上吧,没有比这更保险的了。所以我买下了房子。3.BillcalledinquestionTom"sremarkthatbasketballissaferthanfootball.比尔对汤姆所说的打篮球比踢足球安全些的话表示怀疑。4.Thebagsbesidetheroadarestowedwithsandandsaltforputtingonicyroadstomakethemsafer.路旁的袋子里装满了沙和盐,以便用来撒在结冰的路面上使之较为安全。同义词:safe2023-07-22 17:28:571
什么是模联人
模具人2023-07-22 17:29:055
模拟联合国大会流程
一、点名(roll call) 二、设定议程(setting agenda) 当委员会的议题超过1个时,与会代表必须表决,决定首先讨论的议题。 本次大会由赞成首先讨论议题A和赞成首先讨论B的双方各出3个国家,陈述为何首先讨论该议题。国家由主席在与发言的国家中随机点出。双方轮流发言。 待6国代表发言完毕后,大会进行表决,简单多数通过。 三、正式辩论(formal debate) 1.设定发言名单(speakers list) 待主席宣布正式辩论开始后,欲发言的代表举国家牌,主席随机点出发言国国名,大会发言顺序依主席所点顺序进行。 每个代表发言不超过2分钟。主席会在时间剩余30秒的时候,提醒代表。 代表发言完毕剩余时间可以让渡(yield time to): 给主席,等同于放弃时间 给其他国家,该国不可二次让渡 给问题,欲提问的国家举牌,由大会主席决定发言国家(提问时间不计入代表发言时间) 2.提出问题(points)或动议(motions) 在一国代表发言结束后,其他代表可以提出问题或动议。 问题包括: 程序性问题(point of order): 当大会的进程与既定规则不符时,代表可以提出程序性问题,该问题可在大会任何时候提出,发言的代表将被打断,主席首先解决该问题。 咨询性问题(point of inquiry): 代表对大会任何流程和规则不清楚之时,可提出咨询性问题。 个人特权问题(point of personal privilege): 代表有合理的特别需求之时,可提出个人特权问题 问题都不需要表决,由主席直接解决。 动议(motion): 除问题以外,代表需要采取其他的一切行动,都要提出动议。 动议皆需要表决,一般动议简单多数(50%+1个国家)通过,结束辩论的动议需与会代表2/3多数通过。 3.意向条(pages) 代表有任何问题,后者需要进行游说,沟通,都可以通过传条的方式向其他代表或者主席表达。 四、非正式辩论(informal debate)/磋商(caucus) 代表可动议进行磋商: A. 有组织核心磋商(moderated caucus) B. 自由磋商(unmoderated caucus) 五、决议草案(draft resolution) 起草决议的代表须征集到与会代表国20%的签名,才可向大会主席递交决议草案 起草国(sponsors) 附议国(signatories) 六、修正案(amendment) 代表可对决议草案提出修正案,原决议草案的起草国不可签订修正案,附议国可以签署修正案。 七、结束辩论(close debate),表决(vote) 代表在适当时候可提出动议,结束辩论,对决议进行表决。该动议须由与会国2/3多数通过。 对决议草案或修正案进行表决,须由与会国2/3多数通过。2023-07-22 17:29:201
转录组入门(7):差异表达分析
原先三个样本的HTSeq-count计数的数据可以在我的GitHub中找到,但是前面已经说过Jimmy失误让我们分析的人类就只有3个样本, 另外一个样本需要从另一批数据获取(请注意batch effect),所以不能保证每一组都有两个重复。 我一直坚信”你并不孤独“这几个字,遇到这种情况的人肯定不止我一个,于是我找到了几种解决方法 以上方法都会在后续进行介绍,但是我们DESeq2必须得要有重复的问题亟待解决,没办法我只能自己瞎编了。虽然是编,我们也要有模有样,不能直接复制一份,要考虑到高通量测序的read是默认符合泊松分布的。我是这样编的。 这仅仅是一种填坑的方法而已,更好模拟数据的方法需要参阅更加专业的文献, 有生之年 我希望能补上这一个部分。 这部分内容最先在 RNA-Seq Data Analysis 的8.5.3节看到,刚开始一点都不理解,但是学完生物统计之后,我认为这是理解所有差异基因表达分析R包的关键。 基本上,统计课都会介绍如何使用 t检验 用来比较两个样本之间的差异,然后在样本比较多的时候使用 方差分析 确定样本间是否有差异。当然前是样本来自于正态分布的群体,或者随机独立大量抽样。 对于基因芯片的差异表达分析而言,由于普遍认为其数据是服从正态分布,因此差异表达分析无非就是用t检验和或者方差分析应用到每一个基因上。高通量一次性找的基因多,于是就需要对多重试验进行矫正,控制假阳性。目前在基因芯片的分析用的最多的就是 limma 。 但是 ,高通量测序(HTS)的read count普遍认为是服从泊松分布(当然有其他不同意见),不可能直接用正态分布的 t检验 和 方差分析 。 当然我们可以简单粗暴的使用对于的 非参数检验 的方法,但是统计力不够,结果的p值矫正之估计一个差异基因都找不到。老板花了一大笔钱,结果却说没有差异基因,是个负结果,于是好几千经费打了水漂,他肯定是不乐意的。因此,还是得要用参数检验的方法,于是就要说到方差分析和线性模型之间的关系了。 线性回归和方差分析是同一时期发展出的两套方法。在我本科阶段的田间统计学课程中就介绍用 方差分析 (ANOVA)分析不同肥料处理后的产量差异,实验设计如下 这是最简单的单因素方差分析,每一个结果都可以看成 yij = ai + u + eij, 其中u是总体均值,ai是每一个处理的差异,eij是随机误差。 注 :方差分析(Analysis of Variance, ANAOVA)名字听起来好像是检验方差,但其实是为了判断样本之间的差异是否真实存在,为此需要证明不同处理内的方差显著性大于不同处理间的方差。 线性回归 一般是用于量化的预测变量来预测量化的响应变量。比如说体重与身高的关系建模: 当然线性回归也可用处理名义型或有序型因子(也就是离散变量)作为预测变量,如果要画图的话,就是下面这个情况。 如果我们需要通过一个实验找到不同处理后对照组和控制组的基因变化,那么基因表达可以简单写成, y = a + b · treament + e。 和之前的 yij = ai + u + eij 相比,你会发现公式是如此的一致。 这是因为线性模型和方差分析都是 广义线性模型 (generalizing linear models, GLM)在正态分布的预测变量的特殊形式。而GLM本身只要采用合适的 连接函数 是可以处理对任意类型的变量进行建模的。 目前认为read count之间的差异是符合负二项分布,也叫gamma-Possion分布。那么问题来了,如何用GLM或者LM分析两个处理件的差异呢?其实可以简单的用上图的拟合直线的斜率来解释,如果不同处理之间存在差异,那么这个拟合线的斜率必定不为零,也就是与X轴平行。但是这是一种便于理解的方式(虽然你也未必能理解),实际更加复杂,考虑因素更多。 注1 负二向分布有两个参数,均值(mean)和离散值(dispersion). 离散值描述方差偏离均值的程度。泊松分布可以认为是负二向分布的离散值为1,也就是均值等于方差(mean=variance)的情况。 注2 这部分涉及大量的统计学知识,不懂就用维基百科一个个查清楚。 聊完了线性模型和方差分析,下面的设计矩阵(design matrix)就很好理解了, 其实就是用来告诉不同的差异分析函数应该如何对待变量。比如说我们要研究的KD和control之间变化,设计矩阵就是 那么比较矩阵(contrast matrix)就是告诉差异分析函数应该如何对哪个因素进行比较, 这里就是比较不同处理下表达量的变化。 其实read count如何标准化的方法有很多,最常用的是FPKM和RPKM,虽然它们其实是错的-- FPKM/RPKM是错的 。 我推荐阅读 Comparing the normalization methods for the differential analysis of Illumina high-throughput RNA-Seq data , 了解不同标准化方法之间的差异。 有一些方法是要求原始数据,有一些则要求经过某类标准化后的数据,记得区分。 关于DESeq2分析差异表达基因,其实在 https://www.bioconductor.org/help/workflows/rnaseqGene/ 里面介绍的非常清楚了。 我们已经准备好了count matrix,接下来就是把数据导入DESeq2。DESeq2导入数据的方式有如下4种,基本覆盖了主流read count软件的结果。 注 DESeq2要求的数据是raw count, 没必要进行FPKM/TPM/RPFKM/TMM标准化。 本来我们是可以用DESeq2为htseq-count专门提供的 DESeqDataSetFromHTSeq ,然而很尴尬数据不够要自己凑数,所以只能改用 DESeqDataSetFromMatrix 了 :cold_sweat: 导入数据,构建 DESeq2 所需的 DESeqDataSet 对象 注 : 这一步到下一步之间可以过滤掉一些low count数据,节省内存,提高运行速度 使用 DESeq 进行差异表达分析: DESeq 包含三步,estimation of size factors(estimateSizeFactors), estimation of dispersion(estimateDispersons), Negative Binomial GLM fitting and Wald statistics(nbinomWaldTest),可以分布运行,也可用一步到位,最后返回 results 可用的DESeqDataSet对象。 用results获取结果: results的参数非常的多,这里不好具体展开 :pensive: 但是你们会自己看的吧 我们可用mcols查看每一项结果的具体含义,比如说 log2FoldChange 表示倍数变化取log2结果,还能画个火山图。一般简单粗暴的用2到3倍作为阈值,但是对于低表达的基因,3倍也是噪音,那些高表达的基因,1.1倍都是生物学显著了。更重要的没有考虑到组内变异,没有统计学意义。 padj 就是用BH对多重试验进行矫正。 用summary看描述性的结果,大致是上调的基因占总体的11%,下调的是7.1%(KD vs control) 画个MA图,还能标注p值最小的基因。 下图是没有经过 statistical moderation平缓log2 fold changes的情况 如果经过 lfcShrink 收缩log2 fold change, 结果会好看很多 当然还有火山图,不过留给其他方法作图,我们先把差异表达的基因找出来。 一般p value 小于0.05就是显著了, 显著性不代表结果正确,只用于给后续的富集分析和GSEA提供排序标准和筛选而已。关于P值的吐槽简直无数, 请多注意。 edgeR在函数说明中称其不但可以分析SAGE, CAGE的RNA-Seq,Tag-RNA,或RNA-seq, 也能分析ChIP-Seq和CRISPR得到的read counts数据。嗯,我信了:confused:! edgeR使用 DGEList 函数读取count matrix数据,也就说你需要提供一个现成的matrix数据,而不是指望它能读取单独的文件,然后进行合并(当然机智的我发现,其实可以用 tximport 或 DESeqDataSetFromHTSeq 读取单独的文件,然后传递给 DGEList ) 第一步: 构建DGEList对象 第二步: 过滤 low counts数据。与DESeq2的预过滤不同,DESeq2的预过滤只是为了改善后续运算性能,在运行过程中依旧会自动处理low count数据,edgeR需要在分析前就要排除那些low count数据,而且非常严格。从生物学角度,有生物学意义的基因的表达量必须高于某一个阈值。从统计学角度上, low count的数据不太可能有显著性差异,而且在多重试验矫正阶段还会拖后腿。 综上所诉,放心大胆的过滤吧。 根据经验(又是经验 :dog: ), 基因至少在某一些文库的count超过10 ~ 15 才被认为是表达。这一步全靠尝试, 剔除太多就缓缓,剔除太少就严格点。 我们可以简单的对每个基因的raw count进行比较,但是建议用CPM(count-per-million) 标准化 后再比较,避免了 文库大小 的影响。 这里的0.5(即阈值)等于 10/(最小的文库的 read count数 /1000000),keep.lib.size=FALSE表示重新计算文库大小。 第三步: 根据组成偏好(composition bias)标准化。edgeR的 calcNormFactors 函数使用 TMM算法 对DGEList标准化 注 大部分的mRNA-Seq数据分析用TMM标准化就行了,但是也有例外,比如说single-cell RNA-Seq(Lun, Bach, and Marioni 2016), 还有就是global differential expression, 基因组一半以上的基因都是差异表达的,请尽力避免,(D. Wu et al. 2013), 不然就需要用到内参进行标准化了(Risso et al. 2014). 第四步: 实验设计矩阵(Design matrix), 类似于DESeq2中的design参数。 edgeR的线性模型和差异表达分析需要定义一个实验设计矩阵。很直白的就能发现是1vs0 第五步: 估计离散值(Dispersion)。前面已经提到负二项分布(negative binomial,NB)需要均值和离散值两个参数。edgeR对每个基因都估测一个经验贝叶斯稳健离散值(mpirical Bayes moderated dispersion),还有一个公共离散值(common dispersion,所有基因的经验贝叶斯稳健离散值的均值)以及一个趋势离散值 还可以进一步通过quasi-likelihood (QL)拟合NB模型,用于解释生物学和技术性导致的基因特异性变异 (Lund et al. 2012; Lun, Chen, and Smyth 2016). 注1 估计离散值这个步骤其实有许多 estimate*Disp 函数。当不存在实验设计矩阵(design matrix)的时候, estimateDisp 等价于 estimateCommonDisp 和 estimateTagwiseDisp 。而当给定实验设计矩阵(design matrix)时, estimateDisp 等价于 estimateGLMCommonDisp , estimateGLMTrendedDisp 和 estimateGLMTagwiseDisp 。 其中tag与gene同义。 注2 其实这里的第三, 四, 五步对应的就是DESeq2的 DESeq 包含的2步,标准化和离散值估测。 第六步: 差异表达检验(1)。这一步主要构建比较矩阵,类似于DESeq2中的 results 函数的 contrast 参数。 这里用的是 glmQLFTest 而不是 glmLRT 是因为前面用了glmQLTFit进行拟合,所以需要用QL F-test进行检验。如果前面用的是 glmFit ,那么对应的就是 glmLRT . 作者称QL F-test更加严格。多重试验矫正用的也是BH方法。 后续就是提取显著性差异的基因用作下游分析,做一些图看看 第六步:差异表达检验(2)。上面找到的显著性差异的基因,没有考虑效应值,也就是具体变化了多少倍。我们也可用找表达量变化比较大的基因,对应的函数是 glmTreat 。 经过上面两个方法的洗礼,基本上套路你也就知道了,我先简单小结一下,然后继续介绍limma包的 voom 。 Limma原先用于处理基因表达芯片数据,可是说是这个领域的老大 :sunglasses: 。如果你仔细看edgeR导入界面,你就会发现,edgeR有一部分功能依赖于limma包。Limma采用经验贝叶斯模型( Empirical Bayesian model)让结果更稳健。 在处理RNA-Seq数据时,raw read count先被转成log2-counts-per-million (logCPM),然后对mean-variance关系建模。建模有两种方法: 数据预处理 : Limma使用edgeR的DGEList对象,并且过滤方法都是一致的,对应edgeR的第一步,第二步, 第三步 差异表达分析 : 使用”limma-trend“ 差异表达分析 : 使用”limma-voom“ 如果分析基因芯片数据,必须好好读懂LIMMA包。 基本上每一个包,我都提取了各种的显著性基因,比较就需要用韦恩图了,但是我偏不 :stuck_out_tongue: 我要用UpSetR. 感觉limma的结果有点奇怪,有生之年在折腾吧。 好吧,这部分我鸽了 [1] Comparing the normalization methods for the differential analysis of Illumina high-throughput RNA-Seq data [2] https://www.bioconductor.org/help/workflows/rnaseqGene/ [3] https://www.bioconductor.org/help/workflows/RnaSeqGeneEdgeRQL/ [4] https://www.bioconductor.org/help/workflows/RNAseq123/2023-07-22 17:30:241
英国气候特点
英国气候特点 英国属温带海洋性气候。 英国气候主要特点是全年温和湿润,四季寒暑变化不大。通常最高气温不超过32℃,最低气温不低于-10℃,1月平均气温4~7℃,河流极少结冰。7月平均气温13~17℃,比较凉爽,早晚外出需加外衣。年平均降水量约1000毫米。北部和西部山区的年降水量超过2000毫米,中部和东部则少于800毫米。每年二月至三月最为干燥,十月至来年一月最为湿润。 英国雾气较重,主要是岛国的潮气所致。 英国终年受西风和海洋的影响,全年气候温和湿润,适合植物生长。英国虽然气候温和,但天气多变。一日之内,时晴时雨。 英国气候特点如何呢? 全岛属于海洋性温带阔叶林气候,湿润、温和,四季差别不明显,温度不高,季节间的温度变化很小,雨天较多。 英国伦敦的气候特点 伦敦气候特点:伦敦受北大西洋暖流和西风影响,属温带海洋性气候,四季温差小,夏季凉爽,冬季温暖,空气湿润,多雨雾,秋冬尤甚。伦敦夏季(6-8月)的气温在18°C左右,有时也会达到30°C或更高。在春季(3月底-5月)和秋季(9-10月),气温则维持在11-15°C左右。在冬季(11月-3月中旬),气温波动在6°C左右。在伦敦冬季有罕见结冰的情况,但潮湿和阴冷的空气会使人一个冬天内得2-3次感冒。 高山气候特点热带雨林气候特点草原气候特点池塘气候特点 高原山地气候.全年严寒 热带雨林气候,全年高温多雨 热带草原气候,全年高温,分干湿两季 池塘气候,冬暖夏凉。 美国气候特点 美国本土位于北温带,介于北纬25度至49度之间,大部分地区属温带和亚热带,气候和降水比较适宜,降水与地下水均十分丰富,有利于工农业生产的发展,可谓得天独厚。仅佛罗里达半岛南端属热带;阿拉斯加州位于北纬60至70度之间,属北极圈内的寒冷气候区;夏威夷州位于北回归线以南,属热带。 由于幅员辽阔,地形复杂,并受不同气流的影响,各地的气候差别很大:当佛罗里达半岛已是百花齐放的季节时,北部的五大湖区还处于寒冷之中。 东北部沿海和五大湖地区属温带大陆性气候,因受拉布拉多寒流和来自北方冷空气的影响,冬季寒冷的季节较长,1月份平均温度为零下16℃左右,年平均降水量为1000毫米。 东南部属亚热带季风性湿润气候。因受墨西哥湾暖流的影响,温暖湿润,1月份平均温度在9℃左右,7月份为24℃-27℃。夏末秋初墨西哥湾沿岸常有飓风侵袭。年降水量平均在1500毫米以上。 于 中部中央平原的气候基本上也属温带大陆性气候,冬季寒冷,夏季炎热,气温较高,湿度大。中央平原南部的年降水量受大西洋及墨西哥湾的影响高达1500毫米,此地的平均气温虽然很高,但常受来自北方寒流的侵袭。这一地区每年的无霜期在160到200天左右。 干燥的西部高原的年温差高达25℃,山岳地区山势越高气候越低。纬度的差异对平均气温的影响也很大,从哥伦比亚高原到科罗拉多高原,冬季平均气温高出10℃,夏季则更明显。年平均降水量在500毫米以下,高原荒漠地带降水量不到250毫米。 太平洋沿岸北部属温带海洋性气候区,冬暖夏凉,雨量充沛,1月份平均气温在4℃以上,8月份平均气温不越过22℃。年平均降水量为1300毫米-1500毫米。太平洋沿岸的南段属于亚热带地中海式气候,夏季炎热干旱,冬季温和多雨。 美国的气候条件比较优越,大部分地区有利于农作物的生长。但自然灾害也时有发生。每年的5月至10月,墨西哥湾沿岸常有飓风,而落基山北部的冬季则常遭到寒潮的袭击,有时甚至出现12级以上的大风。美国的龙卷风多发生在春、夏两季,二三月份墨西哥湾上的暖湿空气北进,受害地区从得克萨斯至佛罗里达半岛一带;每年五月份,龙卷风袭击俄克拉何马、阿肯色等州;六月份龙卷风到达内布拉斯加州和衣阿华州。 中国气候特点 中国气候特点主要有以下两点: 气候复杂多样 季风气候显著 英国的气候特点?今天马上急需 climate The British climate is moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream, and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude. The climate of Great Britain is generally equable. Winters are especially mild on southwestern coasts, where severe frosts are rare. The seasonal variations in temperature increase easard. Winter mean temperatures exceed 4 ℃ in the west but are lower in the east. The July mean, on the other hand, is about 18℃ in the southeast of England but falls to 13℃ in northern Scotland. Since the prevailing winds are southwesterly, the Atlantic air streams often bring cloudiness and humidity, and the frequent passage of fronts and depressions ensures very changeable day-to-day conditions. Temperatures fall surprisingly rapidly with increased altitude. Rainfall ours throughout the year, there being no marked dry season. In the highland west it may exceed 254 cm per year, but in the eastern lowlands it is only 64 to 76 cm. Sunshine hours in Britain are fewer than in more southerly climates ------ averaging beeen 3 and 4 hours a day and beeen 4 and 6 from June to August. On high ground, winters are more severe and snow may lie fro 30 days on the Pennines and as long as 50 days in the Scottish Highlands. All over the world Britain is notorious for its fogs. The ordinary damp mists which afflict all parts of the country from time to time are no worse than similar mists in many other countries. The *** oke-fogs of the big towns, which used to develop in winter time whenever there was not enough wind to blow the *** oke away, were horrible, unhealthy and dangerous to movement. Much of the *** oke-fog was caused by the burning of coal in fireplaces in private houses, though *** oke from factories contributes a great deal to the trouble. A Clean Air Act was passed by Parliament in 1956, giving local councils power to control *** oke in designated areas; the effects of this excellent plan have been very noticeable. The really bad *** oke-fogs have passed into the realm of myth, and the visibility during the foggy day is much better than before in Britain. :dhu.edu./english/filmtv/LING/shen%20Webs/climate.htm 日本是什么气候类型,较英国有什么气候特点 日本是温带季风气候和亚热带季风气候,较英国日本气候表现为降水季节变化大,气温年较差比较大。 请说出英国、日本、德国、美国的气候特点 英国位于北纬50度至60度之间,比我国的黑龙江省还要偏北,但气候却温和得多,可以说是冬无严寒,夏无酷署。这温和的气候首先要归功于热带的墨西哥湾暖流。这股暖流,有好几百公里宽。它浩浩荡荡地流向欧洲西北岸,改称大西洋暖流,为英国带来了温和湿润的海洋性气候。 日本列岛的大部分位于温带,气候属于温带海洋性季风型,主要特征是终年温和湿润,冬无严寒,夏无酷暑。与欧亚大陆东岸同纬度各国相比,日本的气候有较强的海洋性,而与大陆西岸的英国和西欧各国相比,又富有大陆性。 德国的气候决定於从大西洋吹进来的气流和大陆性气团对抗的关系。由於二者强度不断地变化,天气形态十分不稳定,由热到冷或由乾到湿的气候变化相当迅速,而且频率颇高,是属於西欧海洋性与东欧大陆性气候间的过渡性气候。此种现象成为德国气候的一种特徵。 美国的东北部沿海地区和北部的五大湖区属温带湿润大陆性气候,冬季较冷,夏季温和多雨;东南部为亚热带湿润性气候,冬季温暖,夏季暖热,降水丰富;中部属大陆性半湿润、半干旱与干旱气候;西部大部分地区属半干旱和干旱气候;太平洋沿岸北段为温带海洋性气候,南段属地中海型气候;阿拉斯加属亚寒带大陆性气候,终年气温低,降水少;夏威夷则属热带海洋性气候,全年温暖湿润。 美国的气候大部分地区属温带和亚热带气候,仅佛罗里达半岛南端属热带。阿拉斯加州位于北纬 60 至 70 度之间,属北极圈内的寒冷气候区;夏威夷州位于北回归线以南,属热带气候区。但由于美国幅员辽阔,地形复杂,各地气候差异较大,大体可分为五个气候区。东北部沿海的温带气候区,因受拉布拉多寒流和北方冷空气的影响,冬季寒冷, 1 月份平均温度为 -6℃ 左右,夏季温和多雨, 7 月份平均温度为 16℃ 左右,年平均降雨量为 1000 毫米左右。东南部亚热带气候区,因受墨西哥湾暖流的影响,气候温暖湿润, 1 月份平均温度为 16℃ , 7 月份平均温度为 24 ~ 27℃ ,年平均降雨量为 1500 毫米。中央平原的大陆性气候区呈大陆性气候特征,冬季寒冷, 1 月份平均温度为 -14℃ 左右,夏季炎热, 7 月份平均气温高达 27 ~ 32℃ 。年平均降雨量为 1000 ~ 1500 毫米。西部高原干燥气候区为内陆性气候,高原上年温差较大,科罗拉多高原的年温差高达 25℃ ,年平均降雨量在 500 毫米以下,高原荒漠地带降雨量不到 250 毫米。太平洋沿岸的海洋性气候区冬暖夏凉,雨量充沛。 1月份平均气温在4℃以上, 7月份平均气温在20 ~ 22℃左右,年平均降雨量为1500毫米左右。 英国是什么气候?气候什么特点? 英国属于典型的温带海洋性气候。气候特点:由于受北大西洋暖流影响,气候冬暖夏凉、全年温和。年均气温较高,年温差较小。英国雾多、日照时间少,秋、冬二季尤为突出。首都伦敦是著名的雾都。年降水量600-1500毫米,西部多于东部,北部多于南部。2023-07-22 17:30:331
模拟联合国会议“ 动议 ”详细讲解
动议可以由任何国家提出。动议一般可以在主席问Are there any points or motions on the floor时候提出。动议内容比较多样。但一般和会议流程有关,如动议核心磋商,改变发言时间,开启发言名单等。2023-07-22 17:30:442
每周一次英文
每周一次的英文: weekly;once a week; hebdomadal; once every week; Once per week; 扩展资料 A weekly shopping trip 每周一次购物之行 Oil the foil after cleaning the blades once a week. 动刀片每周一次涂油。 I"ll have to discontinue these weekly visits. 我每周一次的访问得停止了。 Slides are shown once a week in their physics class. 他们每周一次在物理课上放映幻灯。 They go to the mosque to pray once a week. 他们每周一次到清真寺去祈祷。 Wash your bedding once weekly in hot water. 每周一次用热水清洗床上用品。 Mr. White moderated on a weekly panel show. 怀特先生主持每周一次的电视讨论节目。 Reduce red meat consumption and replace with poultry, fish and learn cuts of red meat, once a week at most. 减少红肉的消费,用禽肉和鱼来代替,至少每周一次。 This weekly programme gives viewers the chance to talk back to producers on aspects of broadcasting that displease them. 这个每周一次的节目给观众们提供了一个向制片人反映不讨他们喜欢的电视节目的.机会。 Batonnage of the barrels once every week to stir the lees and give more fat and roundness. 每周一次以木棒搅桶使沉淀物与酒有更多互动,给予酒体更坚实丰腴的质地与圆润甜美的口感。2023-07-22 17:30:511
模联的有主持核心磋商怎么问
the dalegate of &&& motions for a moderated caucus the topic is &&& the totle time is &&& and each delegate has &&&2023-07-22 17:31:123
欲求一篇关于《英国的气候》的英语报告!?
Britain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate. We never know what the weather will be like from one day to the other. It can be sunny one day and rainy the next. As we have such a variable climate changing from from day to day, it is difficult to predict the weather. In general we have warm summers and cool winters. Our summers are cooler than those on the continent, but the winters are milder.Temperate ClimateThe overall climate in England is called temperate maritime. This means that it is mild with temperatures not much lower than 002C in winter and not much higher than 3202C in summer. It also means that it is damp and is subject to frequent changes. Warmest and coldest monthsJuly and August are normally the warmest month in England. Around the coasts, February is normally the coldest month, but inland there is little to choose between January and February as the coldest month. Best months to travel to EnglandProbably the best months to travel in England are May, June, September and October. These months generally have the most pleasant temperatures and less rain. July and August are the warmest months, but they are also the wettest. The sunniest parts of the Britain are along the south coast of England. 2007 - June and July have been the wettest months we have had for years. Many places have been flooded. August is turning out to be hot and dry.RainFall Rain is fairly well distributed throughout the year, with late winter/spring (February to March) the driest period and autumn/winter (October to January) the wettest. The Lake District is England"s wettest region, receiving and average of 130 inches (330 centimeters) of precipitation each year. The western and northern hills receive about 40 inches (102 centimeters) of rain, while the east coast receives about 20 inches (51 centimetres). Interesting Fact Autumn 2000 was the wettest since records began in 1766, with a total of 503 millimetres of rainfall for September, October and November. What influences the weather? The main influence on our climate is our close proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, our northern latitude, and the warming of the waters around the land by the Gulf Stream (a warm current of the northern Atlantic Ocean). Our island is small compared with the other land masses in the northern hemisphere – hence Britain is more influenced by the ocean compared with other European countries, and the Gulf Stream helps to keep winters milder compared with other landlocked nations with a similar latitude.Find out more ... Interesting Fact The highest monthly total of sunshine on record is 384 hours in Eastbourne and Hastings, Sussex, in July 1911. SunshineDuring June, July and August (the months of longest daylight) the mean daily duration of sunshine varies from five hours in northern Scotland to eight hours in the Isle of Wight.During the months of shortest daylight (November, December and January) sunshine is at a minimum, with an average of an hour a day in northern Scotland and two hours a day on the south coast of England. Find out more about the length of daylight through the year2023-07-22 17:31:291
求一篇社会学或心理学相关的英文原文
When Dreaming Is Believing: The (Motivated) Interpretation of Dreams This research investigated laypeople"s interpretation of their dreams. Participants from both Eastern and Western cultures believed that dreams contain hidden truths (Study 1) and considered dreams to provide more meaningful information about the world than similar waking thoughts (Studies 2 and 3). The meaningfulness attributed to specific dreams, however, was moderated by the extent to which the content of those dreams accorded with participants" preexisting beliefs—from the theories they endorsed to attitudes toward acquaintances, relationships with friends, and faith in God (Studies 3–6). Finally, dream content influenced judgment: Participants reported greater affection for a friend after considering a dream in which a friend protected rather than betrayed them (Study 5) and were equally reluctant to fly after dreaming or learning of a plane crash (Studies 2 and 3). Together, these results suggest that people engage in motivated interpretation of their dreams and that these interpretations impact their everyday lives. Keywords: anchoring, attribution, dreams, motivated reasoning, unconscious thought http://www.apa.org/journals/releases/psp962249.pdf 长一些。 Rethinking the psychology of tyranny: The BBC prison study British Journal of Social Psychology; 45, 1 – 40. Reicher & Haslam (2006) http://www.ocr.org.uk/Data/campaigns/psychology/A_Level_Psychology_SM_Reicher_Haslam_poster.pdf Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology www.jsecjournal.com – 2007, 1 (1): 1-6. uf0e32007 The Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology 1 EDITORIAL UNDERSTANDING HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY: THE INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL, EVOLUTIONARY, AND CULTURAL STUDIES Abstract The Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology is an online initiative designed to bridge sub-disciplines of psychology in order to gain holistic insights into human behavior, emotion, cognition, and motivation. We believe that the perspectives of social, evolutionary, and cultural psychology each provide unique advantages for psychological investigation. Social psychology emphasizes individual functioning within the local group; cultural psychology emphasizes the role of one"s social environment and emergent cultural practices; and evolutionary psychology emphasizes the adapted function of particular behaviors at the level of the individual. In this editorial, we introduce the philosophical questions guiding the formation of this new journal. Keywords: social psychology, evolutionary psychology, cultural psychology http://www.jsecjournal.com/JSEC_Editorial_07.pdf 有意思的课题 CURRENT RESEARCH IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY EFFECTS OF PRIOR INVESTMENT AND PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN A SIMPLE NETWORK GAME Keiko Aoki Osaka University Yohsuke Ohtsubo Kobe University Amnon Rapoport University of Arizona and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Tatsuyoshi Saijo Osaka University ABSTRACT The present study has two purposes. First, we wish to test the descriptive power of the Nash equilibrium solution in a traffic network game with a new population of participants and a different experimental procedure. Second, we wish to determine whether the effects of prior investment and personal responsibility, that may lead people to commit to a failing project, may be generalized from individual to interactive decision tasks. For these two purposes, we implement a computer-controlled traffic network game in which the addition of a cost-free line segment to the network may, in equilibrium, increase the travel cost of all the network users. http://www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc/crisp/crisp13_2.pdf2023-07-22 17:31:381
2012至2013最新搞笑日剧
看开关女孩吧2023-07-22 17:27:307
用全英文介绍苹果iPod Touch(8GB)
iPod touch lets you enjoy everything you love about an iPod, and then some. Watch your movies and TV shows on a brilliant 3.5-inch display. Use the revolutionary Multi-Touch interface to flick through your music in Cover Flow. And anytime you"re itching for more entertainment, just tap iTunes to browse and buy on the fly. Music With room for up to 14,000 songs and up to 30 hours of audio playback time, iPod touch gives you nonstop musical entertainment.* And the new Genius Mixes and Voice Control features add even more ways for you to experience your music. Genius Mixes Now the Genius feature is even more powerful. Introducing Genius Mixes. All you do is sync iPod touch to iTunes, and Genius automatically searches your library and finds songs that sound great together. Then it creates multiple mixes you"ll love. These mixes are like channels programmed entirely with your music. Genius PlaylistsSay you"re listening to a song on your iPod touch that you really like and want to hear other tracks that go great with it. Just tap the Genius icon. Genius automatically finds songs on your iPod touch that go great with your selected song and makes a Genius playlist for you. Voice Control You listen to music, and now your music listens to you. The new 32GB and 64GB iPod touch models feature Voice Control. So you can tell iPod touch to play songs from a specific playlist or artist. Or speak simple commands such as “shuffle,” “pause,” and “next song.” You can even ask for the name of the track that"s currently playing (and hear iPod touch answer you). Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic The new 32GB and 64GB iPod touch models come with the Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic, which are perfect for using the Voice Memos app and Voice Control.Movies + TV Shows Your very own private screening awaits you on iPod touch. Watch the latest film release or an episode of your favorite sitcom anytime you want. Store up to 80 hours of video and get up to 6 hours of video playback time on the new iPod touch.* iTunes Part of what makes iPod touch so amazing is that iTunes is literally at your fingertips. A Wi-Fi connection and a quick tap are all it takes to get instant access to millions of songs and thousands of movies and TV shows. Not to mention applications, audiobooks, and free podcasts and iTunes U lectures. Preview and buy that album you"ve been wanting. Rent that film everyone raved about, or make it part of your collection. iTunes on iPod touch is your doorway to endless entertainment possibilities. Most of what you do online with a computer can easily be done on iPod touch. Built-in Wi-Fi means you can check your favorite blogs, write an email with a photo attached, or find out how to get to that new restaurant. When you think about it, iPod touch is a computer in your pocket. How handy is that?Improved Performance The new iPod touch — available in 32GB and 64GB models — is up to 50 percent faster than the previous-generation iPod touch. So apps launch faster and web pages load in a fraction of the time.Wireless If you"re somewhere with a wireless network, iPod touch instantly recognizes it. If it"s free Wi-Fi, you"re good to go. Launch any one of your Wi-Fi-dependent apps, such as Safari or iTunes, and you"re on. Some wireless networks may require a password, but iPod touch has that covered, too. Just enter the password once, and iPod touch remembers it. So the next time you"re within range of that network, you"re connected automaticallySafariSafari — an advanced web browser designed for Mac and PC computers — also comes on iPod touch. Safari on iPod touch lets you carry the full-size power of the Internet in your pocket. Just connect to a Wi-Fi network, and you can use Safari for nearly everything you do using a web browser on a computer. In fact, web pages look exactly the same on iPod touch as they do on your computer.Mail Email on iPod touch looks and acts just like email on your computer. View your messages in rich HTML, including attachments. Mail recognizes file types such as .doc, .jpg, .mp3, and many others. And setting up Mail is easy because iPod touch automatically enters settings for popular accounts including Gmail, MobileMe, Yahoo!, AOL, and Microsoft Exchange. Keyboard Typing on iPod touch is easy. That"s because it has an intelligent keyboard that predicts and corrects words as you type. Writing something lengthy? When you turn iPod touch on its side, the keyboard switches from portrait to landscape with larger keys and more room to type.MapsKnow where you are and where you"re going with Maps on iPod touch. If you"re connected to a wireless network, you can find your location and get a list of turn-by-turn directions. Maps also finds points of interest from a keyword search. Say you and your friends have a craving for pizza. Tap Search, type in “pizza,” and Maps shows you restaurants nearby. Social NetworkingiPod touch is the only iPod that helps you stay connected. So anytime you find yourself saying “I need to make that my Facebook status” or “This deserves a tweet,” pull out your iPod touch. Social networking apps such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and AIM are available for free from the App Store. Games for iPod touch are made to take advantage of its built-in technologies such as the accelerometer, Multi-Touch, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. The result is truly immersive gameplay — whether you"re playing alone or with others in multiplayer mode. And with an App Store that offers thousands of games ready to download and play, the fun of iPod touch never ends. Performance and Graphics The new 32GB and 64GB iPod touch models feature improved performance and support for OpenGL ES Version 2.0, which lets developers create games with superior graphics. So games launch noticeably faster, and you experience richer, more lifelike textures and detail.App Store Make your iPod touch even more amazing with the App Store. All you need is a Wi-Fi connection. Browse over 75,000 games and apps, and buy whatever you like with just a tap.Genius Recommendations for Apps A new feature of iPod touch makes finding cool new apps even easier. It"s Genius for apps, and it works just like Genius for your music. Tap the Genius icon and get recommendations for apps that you might like based on those you already downloadedAccelerometerThe accelerometer inside iPod touch detects when you rotate iPod touch from portrait to landscape, then automatically changes what you see onscreen. But the beauty of the accelerometer comes into play when you"re actually in play. For instance, in racing games where your entire iPod becomes the steering wheel. Or balance games, such as Topple.Multi-TouchWhat sets iPod touch apart from traditional handheld gaming devices is its revolutionary Multi-Touch interface. It means you"re not just playing a game, you"re interacting with the game. Turn your fingers into an expert skateboarder. Test your reflexes as you"re challenged to tap through the beats of a song. You can even transform iPod touch into a musical instrument such as a drum set or a guitar. It"s all thanks to the brilliance of Multi-Touch technology.Wireless and Bluetooth You already know how much fun it is to play games on iPod touch when it"s just you. Multiply the fun by playing with your friends over Wi-Fi — whether they"re two cubicles or two continents away. You can also use Bluetooth for close-range head-to-head gaming. Over 100,000 applications. With thousands of games available on the App Store, your iPod touch is an arcade in your pocket. Choose from game types such as puzzle, strategy, role-playing, and more. In addition to games, you can shop for apps in categories such as music, entertainment, social networking, and a host of others. All of which make your iPod touch uniquely yours, and the best iPod you"ll ever own. GamesPlay a round of singles or doubles tennis with Tennis Slam. Dodge oncoming traffic in the arcade classic Frogger.Music + EntertainmentCreate your own melody with Ocarina or Band. Paint a mini masterpiece with Colors! or Brushes.Social NetworkingAccess your connections and business network with LinkedIn. Pass the time chatting with friends on AIM.2023-07-22 17:27:301
kers是什么意思车上的荣威ei5
荣威ei5上的kers是什么意思Kers是荣威ei5控制制动力回收和充电强度的关键。ei5能量回收模式分为轻、中、高三种,回收强度和滑行距离不同。当车辆处于制动或滑行状态时,制动力矩会驱动电机工作在发电状态给电池充电。KERS是KineticEnergyRecoverySystems的缩写。基本原理是车身的制动能量通过技术手段储存,在汽车加速过程中作为辅助动力释放和利用。的具体使用方法可以通过模仿A1的加速按钮来实现。荣威ei5支持能量回收系统。有三个阶段可以调整。您可以通过换档旋钮上的KERS按钮选择三种能量恢复,即轻微、中等和强烈。不同的恢复等级和松开油门时的抑制效果有明显差异。在荣威ei5的制动效果上,动力回收系统制动效果明显。再踩刹车的时候,刹车踏板还是很线性的,基本没有空位置。因为重心低,刹车时身体点头也抑制得很好。2023-07-22 17:27:321
局域网中深受Games.exe病毒毒害!!!求高手解决!
立即下载微点!!!!!2023-07-22 17:27:344
保守国家秘密法实施办法施行时间
《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施办法》于1990年4月25日以国家保密局令第1号发布。2014年1月17日,中华人民共和国国务院令第646号公布《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施条例》。该《条例》第45条决定,废止1990年4月25日国务院批准、1990年5月25日国家保密局发布的《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施办法》。《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施办法》于1990年4月25日以国家保密局令第1号发布。该《办法》分总则,确定密级、变更密级和解密,保密制度,奖惩,附则5章41条,自发布之日起施行。2014年1月17日,中华人民共和国国务院令第646号公布《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施条例》。该《条例》第45条决定,废止1990年4月25日国务院批准、1990年5月25日国家保密局发布的《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施办法》。法律依据:《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施条例》现公布《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施条例》,自2014年3月1日起施行。第一条 根据《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》(以下简称《保密法》)的规定,制定本办法。第二条 国家保密工作部门是国务院的职能机构,根据《保密法》和本办法主管全国的保密工作。第十六条 对于上级机关或者有关保密工作部门要求继续保密的事项,在所要求的期限内不得解密。第三十九条 中央国家机关和各省、自治区、直辖市政府,可以根据本系统、本地区的实际情况,根据《保密法》和本办法制定实施细则。第四十条 本办法由国家保密工作部门负责解释。第四十一条 本办法自发布之日起施行。 第四十五条 本条例自2014年3月1日起施行。1990年4月25日国务院批准、1990年5月25日国家保密局发布的《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法实施办法》同时废止。2023-07-22 17:27:371
给出英文的时髦词汇:比如躲猫猫什么的。 要50个,不然不会给分的,有参考资料就说。
帮你个忙,不给就不给吧躲猫猫:hide and seek踢毽子:hacky sack剪子布包锤:clippers,paper and stoneAA制:go Dutch大哥大(就是老大):Rolls-Royce(就是罗尔斯罗伊斯,看电影看来的,不知道对不对)容易的课程:a Micky Mouse course校花:campus belle放学,完工:call it a day言归正传:get down to business温习:brush up on something混合物:cocktail(鸡尾酒,我听BBC新闻听来的,不知道准不准确)女性电影:a chick flick(同上)抱佛脚:bone up for the exam不及格:flunks饿死了:not half特别少:once in a blue moon说定了:rain or shine放我鸽子:stand me up不见不散:wait till the cows come home划算:a good buy交通堵塞:traffic jam酒鬼:drink like a fish酩酊大醉:drink till all"s blue不舒服:be under the weather跑腿,打杂:gofer外快:side money被加薪:get raised(看报纸看来的,不确定)内行:know one"s job被炒鱿鱼:get the boot(好像还有一种表达是get the rain ticket)风雨同舟:in the same boat累死了,不打了,不给分就不给吧2023-07-22 17:27:291
保守国家秘密法的规定是什么
中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法的规定:1。保守国家秘密法是为了保守国家秘密,维护国家安全和利益,保障改革开放和社会主义建设事业的顺利进行而制定的。2。其中国家秘密是指关系国家安全和利益,依照法定程序确定,在一定时间内只限一定范围的人员知悉的事项。国家秘密主要包括:(1)国家事务重大决策中的秘密事项。(2)国防建设和武装力量活动中的秘密事项。(3)外交和外事活动中的秘密事项以及对外承担保密义务的秘密事项。(4)国民经济和社会发展中的秘密事项。(5)科学技术中的秘密事项。(6)维护国家安全活动和追查刑事犯罪中的秘密事项。《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》从什么时候开始实施《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》已由中华人民共和国第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十四次会议于2010年4月29日修订通过,现将修订后的《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》公布,自2010年10月1日起施行希望以上内容能对您有所帮助,如果还有问题请咨询专业律师。【法律依据】:《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》第一条为了保守国家秘密,维护国家安全和利益,保障改革开放和社会主义建设事业的顺利进行,制定本法。2023-07-22 17:27:281
my,games是什么文件夹?
myGames文件夹是存放游戏文件的地方,通常手机的储存卡里各个文件夹存放的文件内容如下:MyMusic、music、sound、Audio放音频文件,image放图片,document放txt等文件,DATA(tts)语音文件。文件夹是计算机术语,是用来组织和管理磁盘文件的一种数据结构。普通计算机文件夹是用来协助人们管理计算机文件的,每一个文件夹对应一块磁盘空间,它提供了指向对应空间的地址,它没有扩展名,也就不像文件的格式用扩展名来标识。但它有几种类型,如:文档、图片、相册、音乐集等。文件有很多种,运行的方式也各有不同。一般来说我们可以通过文件名来识别这个文件是哪种类型,特定的文件都会有特定的图标(就是显示这个文件的样子),也只有安装了相应的软件,才能正确显示这个文件的图标。更多关于my,games是什么文件夹,进入:https://m.abcgonglue.com/ask/0180681615823235.html?zd查看更多内容2023-07-22 17:27:261
kers是什么意思车上的
Kers是f1赛车中的动能回收系统。这个系统可以在刹车时回收动能给电池充电。当驾驶员需要超车时,电机可以通过按键提供一定的马力,可以帮助驾驶员超车。现在f1赛车不再使用kers系统,f1赛车的动能回收系统更加复杂。F1赛车是地球上技术最先进的汽车,每辆f1赛车的成本将超过2亿元。今天的f1赛车将使用1.6升v6涡轮增压发动机,可超过1000马力。f1赛车的发动机工作起来非常复杂,因为f1的动能回收系统与发动机的涡轮增压器和制动系统有关。目前f1赛车中有mguk和mguh,mguh为热回收单元,mguk为动能回收单元。F1赛车的能量回收系统效率更高,回收的能量也更多。很多f1车队更注重能量回收系统的研发,因为这个系统是成功的关键。随着科技的不断进步,f1赛车的速度也越来越快,f1比赛的观赏性也越来越高,世界各地的f1粉丝数量也越来越多。如果对f1比赛感兴趣,可以现场观看,也可以在电视上观看。20辆车一起比赛,非常刺激。百万购车补贴2023-07-22 17:27:231
急求一篇英语作文Write a letter to tell your friends about your university life.(字数至少100词)
I am writing you about my university. The campus is hugely big with lots of individual buildings. There are international streams as well as local streams that are attracted to many students with different backgrounds. I like being on campus now because I interact with others and share core value in terms of different perspectives. As the interaction goes, I become more open-minded and made friends with those like-minded people.2023-07-22 17:27:213