- 南yi
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Enclosed和attached有分别吗?
工作上,很多时候需要把其它文件随信寄出,在这种情况下,多用to attach和to enclose两词,如Enclosed/Attached is/are.一位朋友问,究竟这两词是否同义,我们试在这里讨论一下.
To attach原指『钉或夹在一起』,用钉书机把文件和信函钉(夹)在一起,就是attach;例:Details of my qualifications and experience are on the attached sheet.应征信和履历一般分别写在不同的纸张,严格来说,如把信函和附件钉或夹在一起,该照前面例句,用attached一词,如果信函和附件只是放在一起寄出,就该用enclosed.两词用法分明,主要是看信函和附件是否钉或夹在一起.试看有附件的信函,不难发觉,在现代英语中,enclosed和attached的用法已无分别.两者已被当作同义词,这是语文转变的另一例子.其实,假如附件不是文件,而是一件或一小箱东西,就该用enclosed,如:Enclosed are half a dozen samples of the AH19004 combs you requested.因不能把梳子的样本夹在信函上,因此不应用attached.
此外,有些人喜欢用比较传统的句法;例:Please find enclosed/attached our latest catalogue for your reference.比较简单但效果相同的写法是:Enclosed is our latest catalogue for your reference.或I enclose our latest catalogue for your reference.也有些人喜欢在enclosed或attached后面加上herewith这比较官样及古老的词.Herewith是with this letter的意思;例:Enclosed herewith are details of our latest range of video games.既然已有enclosed或attached,加上herewith在这里是画蛇添足.
- coco
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要区分它们的不同用法,最好的办法就是看各自的英文解释,那样会一目了然:
attached:
1. If you are attached to someone or something, you like them very much非常喜欢…的,热爱…的
She is very attached to her family and friends.她非常热爱家人和朋友。
2. If someone is attached to an organization or group of people, they are working with them, often only for a short time(通常只是短时间)从属于…的,为…工作的
Ford was attached to the battalion"s first line of transport.福特曾在该营的第一运输队服役。
3. If one organization or institution is attached to a larger organization, it is part of that organization and is controlled and run by it隶属于…的;附属的
a think-tank, attached to the Academy of Sciences为科学院出谋划策的智囊团
At one time the schools were mainly attached to the church.这些学校曾一度归教会主管。
enclosed:
An enclosed community of monks or nuns does not have any contact with the outside world与外界隔绝的;封闭的
monks and nuns from enclosed orders与世隔绝的修道士和修女
The rules state that samples must be enclosed in two watertight containers.规则要求样本必须装在两个水密容器中。
实际上,enclosed作为形容词的用法在现代英语中还没有旁边接受,只能从它作为过去分词的角度来考虑它的用法。而attached已经在现代英语中专门用作形容词了。因此,很多英语词典中收录了attached作为单独的形容词词条来进行解释,并列出具体用法;而enclosed只能从动词enclose的词条中推测过去分词的用法。