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tetanus diphtheria
破伤风白喉
双语对照
词典结果:
tetanus diphtheria[英][u02c8tetu0259nu0259s du026afu02c8θu026au0259ri:u0259][美][u02c8tu025btnu0259s du026afu02c8θu026ariu0259]
[医]破伤风白喉(混合菌苗)
例句:
1.
Am I going to need a tetanus shot?
我需要打一针破伤风预防针么?
2.
When was the last time you got a tetanus shot?
你最后一次打破伤风是什么时候?
3.
What if I get tetanus?
如果我得破伤风怎么办?
- 慧慧
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破伤风白喉
diphtheria是什么意思
diphtheria 英[du026afu02c8θu026au0259riu0259] 美[du026afu02c8θu026ariu0259] n. 白喉; [网络] 白喉毒素; 白喉疫苗; 白喉病; [例句]Introduction of a diphtheria registration and monitoring system;引入了白喉登记和监测系统;[其他] 形近词: diphtheric diphtherin2023-07-16 14:27:061
传染病学指导:白喉(diphtheria)(1)
【概述】 白喉(diphtheria)是白喉杆菌引起的急性传染病。其临床特征是咽、喉、鼻等处假膜形成,和全身中毒症状如发热、乏力、恶心呕吐、头痛等,严重者可并发心肌炎和神经瘫痪。 【诊断】 白喉的诊断主要依靠病史和临床症状。患者大多未接受过白喉预防接种,有与白喉病人接触史,临床表现有假膜,且不易和粘膜下组织分离。鼻、咽有假膜者可作涂片,如发现有状似白喉杆菌者可初步拟诊为白喉;若培养找到白喉杆菌,则诊断基本上可以肯定。如培养阳性而临床诊断有怀疑时,应作细菌毒力试验,以助鉴别。早期治疗极为重要,凡临床症状提示白喉可能性大者,可不必等待培养结果而即开始抗毒素治疗。培养阴性者不能完全除外白喉。 【治疗措施】 一)一般治疗 患者应卧床休息和减少活动,一般不少于3周,假膜广泛者延长至4~6周。要注意口腔和鼻部卫生。 二)抗生素治疗 抗生素能抑制白喉杆菌生长从而阻止毒素的产生。常选用青霉素,约需7~10天,用至症状消失和白喉杆菌培养阴转为止。对青霉素过敏者或应用青霉素1周后培养仍是阳性者,可改用红霉素,剂量为40mg/(kg·d),分四次口服或静脉给药,疗程同上。羟氨苄青霉素、利福平等也可能有效。 三)抗毒素治疗 抗毒素可以中和游离的毒素,但不能中和已结合的毒素。在病程初3日应用者效果较好,以后疗效即显著降低,故应尽量早用。剂量决定于假膜的范围、部位及治疗的早晚。咽白喉假膜局限在扁桃体者给2万~4万u;假膜范围广泛,中毒症状重者给4万~10万u;喉白喉和鼻白喉患者给1万~3万u.发病3日后方治疗者剂量加倍。抗毒素可以肌注或稀释后静滴,一次给完。24小时后病变继续扩大者可再以同量肌肉注射一次,注射抗毒素前应询问过敏史,并作皮肤过敏试验,试验阴性者方可应用,阳性者按脱敏法给予。 四)心肌炎的治疗 患者应卧床休息,烦躁者给以镇静剂。可用强的松20~40mg/天,分四次口服,症状好转后逐渐减量。严重病人可用三磷酸腺苷(ATP)20mg,辅酶A50u,溶于5%~10%葡萄糖溶液50~100ml中作静滴。 五)神经麻痹的治疗 吞咽困难者用鼻饲。 六)喉梗阻的治疗 对轻度喉梗阻者需密切观察病情的发展,随时准备作气管切开。呼吸困难较重,出现三凹症时,应即进行气管切开,并在切开处钳取假膜,或滴入胰蛋白酶或糜蛋白酶以溶解假膜。 七)白喉带菌者的处理 先作白喉杆菌毒力试验,阳性者隔离,并用青霉素或红霉素治疗,剂量同前,不必用抗毒素。培养连续3次阴性后解除隔离,对顽固带菌者可考虑扁桃体摘除。白喉恢复期带菌者如需作扁桃体摘除,必须在痊愈后3个月,心脏完全正常时进行。 【病原学】 白喉杆菌(corynebacterium diphtheriae)具明显的多形性,呈杆状或稍弯曲,一端或两端稍肥大,两端常见异染颗粒,按细菌的形态生化特性、菌落及毒力的不同,白喉杆菌可分为重型、中间型和轻型,其出现的频率在不同地区、不同时期均各异。白喉杆菌侵袭力较弱,但能产生强烈的外毒素,为致病的主要因素。白喉杆菌产生外毒素与其所含有的溶解素生成的β-噬菌体(lysogenic β-phage)有关,此噬菌体带有形成毒素的基因符号TOX+.在溶解期时,此种噬菌本的循环DNA整合进入宿主细菌的基因物质中去,结果宿主细胞可以有合成毒素多肽所需要的基因,已知进入溶解循环的噬菌体,破坏宿主细胞释放新的β-噬菌体。白喉杆菌中也有因为缺乏溶解素噬菌体因而不产生外毒素的。对此类白喉杆菌可以经过产生溶解力lysogenization(用溶解素的噬菌体感染infection with the lysogenic TOX+)使之成为可以产生毒素,在自然界中也可有此类现象,但在西方还不多见。用Elek试验可以在体外检测白喉杆菌的毒力。假白喉杆菌和类白喉杆菌形态与白喉杆菌相似,存在于鼻咽部,但不产生外毒素,也无致病性,可进行毒力试验加以鉴别。 白喉杆菌在衣服、床单上可生存数天至数周。能耐寒冷和干燥,在干燥的假膜中可生存3个月。易被消毒剂杀死,5%石炭酸或1∶1000升汞各1分钟,煮沸1分钟或加热至60℃10分钟,都可灭菌。 【病理改变】 白喉杆菌在易感者的上呼吸道(通常为咽部)粘膜表层组织内或体表皮肤内繁殖,分泌外毒素。外毒素渗入局部及周围组织,引起组织坏死和急性假膜性炎症。从血管渗出的液体中含有易凝固的纤维蛋白,将炎性细胞、粘膜坏死组织和白喉杆菌凝固在一起而形成假膜;假膜呈灰白色,边缘较整齐,假膜与粘膜下组织紧密粘连,不易拭去。少数病人的病变可侵入深层组织而形成溃疡面。喉、气管及支气管粘膜上皮具有纤毛,形成的假膜和粘膜粘连不紧,易从气管切口处喷出。 白喉外毒素来自局部吸收后,经淋巴和血液散布于全身各组织,与细胞结合引起病变,其中以心肌、末梢神经最敏感,肾脏和肾上腺皮质等处病变也较显著。外毒素吸收量与假膜的部位和广泛程度有关,咽部最易吸收,扁桃体次之,喉及气管最少。假膜越广泛,吸收的毒素量也越大。毒素和组织结合开始时尚松弛,时间越长结合越牢固,也就不易为抗毒素所中和。白喉杆菌一般停留于局部病灶,不进入血行,偶可到达局部淋巴结。 早期心肌呈水肿、浊肿及脂肪变性,继而有多发性、灶性坏死、细胞浸润及肌纤维断裂。心传导束亦可有病变,末梢神经呈中毒性神经炎,神经髓鞘呈脂肪变性,神经轴随后断裂,以眼、腭、咽、喉及心脏等神经的损害为最常见。肾有浊肿,肾小管上皮脱落。肝有脂肪浸润和肝细胞坏死。肾小腺充血、浊肿,偶可见小出血点。 【流行病学】 (一)传染源 病人和带菌者是本病的传染源。潜伏期末即有传染性,不典型、轻症、鼻白喉以及皮肤白喉患者,在白喉传布中具有重要意义。 带菌者:可分为恢复期带菌者和健康带菌者。恢复期带菌者带菌时间的长短与以下因素有关。①治疗:单用抗毒素治疗时,可有3%的病人成为长期(3个月以上)带菌者,并用抗毒素和抗生素者绝大多数(90%)在4天内细菌消失,余在12天内消失,偶有3个月后仍带菌者。②疾病类型:咽白喉比鼻白喉消失快。③伴有链球菌感染、慢性扁桃体炎或咽峡炎者细菌消失慢。 健康带菌者:以前一般占人口1%~2%,流行期间可多达10%~20%,易被忽视而成为重要的传染源。 (二)传播途径 主要由飞沫传染,亦可经玩具、衣服、用具等间接传播,或者通过污染的牛奶和食物引起暴发流行,偶然可经破损的皮肤或粘膜而污染。手术(如扁桃本摘除)后,尤易感染本病。 (三)流行特征 世界各地均有本病发生,以温带多见,热带较少。全年可有发病,但以秋、冬和初春为多见。通常散发,偶可形成流行或暴发。 (四)人群易感性 人群对白喉普遍易感,以往50%为5岁以下小儿,后来以学龄儿童为多,但近年来发现患者大多为成年人。瑞典成人中50%~70%缺乏对白喉的免疫力,因而形成了1984~1985年的较大流行。俄罗斯自1990年起就有白喉暴发,至1994年已报告白喉病例47802例。感染者有儿童也有成人,平均病死3.65%.是60年代以来发达国家中发生的的一次流行。1991年传入乌克兰,1993~1994年在独联体国家中有12个国家相继发生白喉流行。调查表明系因儿童中全程疫苗免疫率低;成人中再免疫覆盖率低等原因所致,已在进行相应措施。我国白喉已属少见,在少数地区性流行中如阜阳地区患者中85.71%为>15岁的成人和青少年。这是因为在儿童中广泛开展计划免疫,对本病有较强的免疫力,而成年人由于多年来白喉发病甚少,几乎无隐性感染,又缺乏人工免疫的机会,因而对白喉的免疫水平偏低,易被感染发病。6个月以内的婴儿,有得自母体的免疫力,患病机会较少,得病后可获得持久免疫。 人体对白喉的免疫力,可作锡克(Schick)氏试验加以测定。阳性反应者,表示对白喉无免疫力。2023-07-16 14:27:391
请问TD/DT/DTP/DTAP分别是什么儿童疫苗?急~~~~~
TD/DT/DTP/DTAP是不同的疫苗,它们分别包含不同的成分和用途。以下是它们的简介:TD疫苗:包含破伤风和白喉成分,用于预防破伤风和白喉。DT疫苗:包含破伤风和白喉成分,用于预防破伤风和白喉。DTP疫苗:包含破伤风、白喉和百日咳成分,用于预防破伤风、白喉和百日咳。DTaP疫苗:包含无细胞百日咳成分、破伤风和白喉成分,用于预防无细胞百日咳、破伤风和白喉。希望这些信息能够回答您的问题。为何接种Tdap疫苗?答:T(Tetanus)破伤风、D(Diptheria)白喉和P(Pertussis)百日咳是非常严重的疾病。Tdap 疫苗能保护我们免患这些疾病。目前我国内地没有tdap疫苗,需要接种的需要前往香港~预约tdap疫苗关注「鲸苗网」tdap疫苗也有非常多的留学生会前往香港接种~2023-07-16 14:27:462
白吼是什么
【吼】 形如兔,两耳尖长,仅长尺余。狮畏之,盖吼溺着体即腐。 《偃曝馀谈》有载。 __________________________________________________吼是古代的一种神兽!其形状如上所述,形状象兔子,两只耳朵又尖又长,身体仅有一尺多长(古代一尺为23厘米)!白吼是指白颜色的吼2023-07-16 14:27:543
会厌炎是不是就是白喉
急性会厌炎又称声门上喉炎或会厌前咽峡炎,是一种特殊的、主要累及喉部声门上区的会厌及其周围组织(包括会厌谷、杓会厌襞等)的急性炎症病变,以会厌高度水肿为主要特征。急性会厌炎是喉科的急重症之一,儿童及成人皆可出现,主要表现为全身中毒症状、吞咽及呼吸困难。急性会厌炎病情进展迅速,多数患者经及时治疗可获得痊愈,少数病情凶险,很快窒息,死亡率较高。白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。2023-07-16 14:28:031
白喉疫苗是预防什么的?
白喉(Diphtheria)是一种由能够产生外毒素的白喉棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium diphtheriae)引起的急性呼吸道传染病,突出临床症状为咽、喉等处粘膜充血、肿胀并有灰白色伪膜形成,严重者可引起心肌炎与末梢神经麻痹。白喉的传染性较高,传染源为病人和白喉带菌者,主要通过飞沫传播,也可通过被污染的手、玩具、文具、食具以及食物传播并造成流行。多见于秋冬季节,人群普遍易感,近年由于白喉类毒素的推广接种,成年患者相对增多,但病后可获持久性免疫。 白喉疫苗是用白喉杆菌在适宜的培养基中培养产生的毒素经甲醛脱毒、精制,加入氢氧化铝佐剂制成的。白喉疫苗是预防白喉的一种白喉类毒素。2023-07-16 14:28:111
蚕蛾有白喉病吗?
白病是什么样的2023-07-16 14:28:182
到美国留学必须要打哪些疫苗
到美国必须要打哪些疫苗?下面为你介绍美国留学生必须要打的疫苗,一起看看吧。千万别忘记了! 1. Diphtheria, Tetanus,Pertussis 白喉,破伤风,百日咳疫苗 简称DTP或任何DTP和DT或Td的组合,我们常称之为“白百破混合疫苗” 扩充了解一下其他缩写: Dtap:白喉,破伤风,非细胞性百日咳混合疫苗 DTP:白喉,破伤风,全细胞性百日咳混合疫苗 DT:白喉,破伤风混合疫苗 Td:破伤风,减量白喉混合疫苗 美国学校一般都要求5针记录,但是国内的疫苗本上只要4针就打全了,若最后一次接种时未满2周岁,需要再接种一次。所以学生至少会补打一针来满足学校的要求。一般一个月注射一次.不能超过40天。此疫苗接种时间没有成年人和未成年人的区别,建议每间隔10年接种一次。六周岁或六周岁以下,必须接种百日咳疫苗。 2. Tdap (booster) 百白破疫苗(补强针) 学校要求提供一针记录,若7岁后未接种过DPT, 需接种一次,即使曾患过百日咳也需要接种, 3. Polio 小儿麻痹疫苗,又称脊髓灰质炎疫苗 学校表格里可能出现另外两种说法,口服脊髓灰质疫苗(OPV)或者灭活脊髓灰质病毒疫苗(IPV),都是同一疫苗。 美国学校一般要求4针记录,若最后一次接种时未满2周岁,需要再接种一次。一般时间间隔为不小于四周,最长间隔时间跟已打针数有关,需遵医嘱。 4. Measles(麻疹), Mumps(腮腺炎), Rubella(风疹),简称 MMR(麻风腮混合疫苗) 分别接种或接种混合疫苗都可以。 美国学校都会要求两针麻疹,而腮腺炎和风疹,可能要求一针或者两针。所以,如果是分开打的疫苗,就按学校表格要求填写,如果是混合针,两针MMR就够了。也是两针之间间隔一个月再打。 5. Hepatitis B 乙肝疫苗 美国学校都是要求3针记录。也是间隔一个月打下一针。 6. Varicella (chickenpox) 水痘疫苗 美国学校一般都要求两针记录。个别学校会明确说明,若于13周岁前接种,只需接种一次,但13-17周岁间接种,需接种两次,间隔6~10周。 如果学生已经生过水痘,一份注明发病年月并且有医生签名盖章的证明可以代替该疫苗。 7. Meningococcal 流行性脑膜炎疫苗 美国学校会要求一针。但是主要是大学生住校时要提供的。基本上学生都打过这个疫苗。建议接种一次 8. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine (HPV) (for females only) 人类乳突病毒 (只有女学生) 这个疫苗要求很少见,但是要求的话,会是3针记录。 9. Tuberculosis Skin Test (PPD Skin Test) TB TEST(肺结核检查),核菌素试验(也称为芒图试验、PPD试验)。 这个不是疫苗,但是会出现在学校的体检表格里, 结核菌素试验 – 阳性/阴性,日期; 如果阳性, 胸部X线检验(诊断/处方)。 几乎每个美国学校都要求国际生进行的一项测试。一般包含在学生离境前的体检过程中。但是有的学校明确说明,离境前一个月内测试有效,或者必须到校测试才有效。要按学校要注,跟学生区别指导的。 以上9类,在高中生的疫苗表里基本上都会出现,最常见的会是前6种。2023-07-16 14:28:251
急问有谁知道以下疫苗的中文意思吗?谢谢!
百白破(百日咳,白喉,破伤风),IPV(脊髓灰质炎灭火疫苗),B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗,肺炎,还有你说还有这边要打的应该是麻腮风和C群流脑疫苗,但是国内好像是没有单独的C群流脑的,你可以打AC结合流脑代替,不过你在国内的话最好还要打一下乙肝,乙脑等2023-07-16 14:28:442
白喉·火毒炽盛证简介
目录 1 拼音 2 英文参考 3 定义 4 白喉·火毒炽盛证的症状 5 白喉·火毒炽盛证的治疗 5.1 方药治疗 5.2 白喉的治疗禁忌 6 关于白喉 7 参考资料 附: 1 治疗白喉·火毒炽盛证的方剂 2 治疗白喉·火毒炽盛证的中成药 3 古籍中的白喉·火毒炽盛证 1 拼音 bái hóu ·huǒ dú chì shèng zhèng 2 英文参考 diphtheria with blazing firetoxin pattern [中医药学名词审定委员会.中医药学名词(2013)] 3 定义 白喉·火毒炽盛证(diphtheria with blazing firetoxin pattern)是指火毒炽盛,以咽痛较剧,声嘶,口臭,咽喉红肿、白膜满布,伴高热口渴、面红、大便秘结、小便短赤,舌苔黄,脉洪数等为常见症的白喉证候[1]。 4 白喉·火毒炽盛证的症状 白喉·火毒炽盛证患者咽痛较剧,声嘶,口臭,咽喉红肿、白膜满布,伴高热口渴、面红、大便秘结、小便短赤,舌苔黄,脉洪数[1]。 5 白喉·火毒炽盛证的治疗 5.1 方药治疗 用神仙活命汤[2]。 5.2 白喉的治疗禁忌 [2] 忌升提涌吐。 忌温散发汗。 忌大下亡津。 忌刀针。 忌病重药轻。 忌苦寒助燥。 6 关于白喉 白喉(diphtheria[3])为病名[2]。见《时疫白喉捷要》。又名白缠喉(早期的名称,俗称白菌,见《喉白阐微》)、白菌(《喉白阐微》)。是指以发热,咽喉痛,咽喉等处出现白色假膜不易剥脱为主要表现的急性传染性咽喉病[1]。白喉是一种急性传染病[2]。流行于秋末冬初,以学龄前儿童发病率最高[2]。发现病人应隔离,消毒,并报告疫情[2]。 《重楼玉钥》:“喉间起白如腐一症,其害甚速……患此者甚多,惟小儿尤甚,且多传染。” 《重楼玉钥》:“喉间起白如腐一症,其害甚速……患此者甚多,惟小儿尤甚,且多传染。”2023-07-16 14:29:071
07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译(3)
lesson3 使用暴力 Lesson Three The Use of Force 他们是我的新病人,我所知道的只有名字,奥尔逊。 They were new patients to me, all I had was the name, Olson. 请您尽快赶来,我女儿病得很重。 “Please come down as soon as you can, my daughter is very sick.” 当我到达时,孩子的母亲迎接了我,这是一位看上去惊恐不安的妇人,衣着整洁却一脸忧伤的神色她只是说,这位就是医生吗? When I arrived I was met by the mother, a big startled looking woman, very clean and apologetic who merely said, Is this the doctor? 然后带我进了屋。 And let me in. 在后面,她又说到,请你一定要原谅我们,医生,我们让她呆在厨房里,那儿暖和,这里有时很潮湿。 In the back, she added. You must excuse us, doctor, we have her in the kitchen where it is warm. It is very damp here sometimes. 在厨房的桌子旁边,这个孩子穿得严严实实的,坐在她父亲的腿上。 The child was fully dressed and sitting on here father"s lap near the kitchen table. 他父亲试图站起来,但我向他示意不用麻烦,然后我脱下外套开始检查。 He tried to get up, but I motioned for him not to bother, took off my overcoat and started to look things over. 我能够觉察出他们都很紧张,而且用怀疑的眼光上下打量着我。 I could see that they were all very nervous, eyeing me up and down distrustfully. 在这种情形下,他们通常不会提供太多的情况,而是等着我告诉他们病情,这就是为什么他们会在我身上花3美元。 As often, in such cases, they weren"t telling me more than they had to, it was up to me to tell them; that"s why they were spending three dollars on me. 这个孩子用她那冷漠而镇定的目光目不转睛地盯着我,脸上没有任何表情。 The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression on her face whatever. 她纹丝不动,内心似乎很平静。这是一个非常惹人喜爱的小东西,外表长得象小牛一样结实。 She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. 但是她的脸发红,而且呼吸急促,我知道她在发着高烧。 But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. 她长着一头漂亮浓密的金发,就像刊登在广告插页上和周日报纸图片版上的那些孩子一样。 She had magnificent blonde hair, in profusion. One of those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers. 她发烧已经3天了,她父亲开口说,我们不知道是什么原因。 She"s had a fever for three days, began the father and we don"t know what it comes from. 我太太给她吃了一些药,你知道,大家都是这样做的,可这些药根本不管用,而且,附近有很多人都生了病,所以我们想请您给她检查一下,然后告诉我们是怎么一回事。 My wife has given her things, you know, like people do, but it don"t do no good. And there"s been a lot of sickness around. So we tho"t you"d better look her over and tell us what is the matter. 像医生们经常做的那样,我问了个问题,想以此来猜测一下病症所在。 As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat? 父母两人一起回答说,没有……没有,她说她的嗓子不疼。 Both parents answered me together, No…No, she says her throat don"t hurt her. 你嗓子疼吗?母亲又问了一下孩子。 Does your throat hurt you? Added the mother to the child. 女孩的表情没有任何变化,而她的目光却一直没有从我的脸上移开。 But the little girl"s expression didn"t change nor did she move her eyes from my face. 你看过她的嗓子了吗? Have you looked? 我想看,孩子的母亲说,但看不见。 I tried to, said the mother but II couldn"t see. 这个月碰巧她上学的那个学校已经有好几例白喉病。虽然到目前为止没有人说出这件事,但很显然,我们心里都想到了。 As it happens we had been having a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which this child went during that month and we were all, quite apparently, thinking of that, though no one had as yet spoken of the thing. 好了,我说,我们先看看嗓子吧。 Well, I said, suppose we take a look at the throat first. 我以医生特有的职业方式微笑着,叫着孩子的名字。我说,来吧,玛蒂尔达,张开嘴,让我看一下你的嗓子。 I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child"s first name I said, come on, Mathilda, open your mouth and let"s take a look at your throat. 没有任何反应。 Nothing doing. 哦,来吧,我劝道,张大你的嘴,让我看看。看,我说着把两只手伸开,我的手里没有东西,张大嘴,让我看看。 Aw, come on, I coaxed, just open your mouth wide and let me take a look. Look, I said opening both hands wide, I haven"t anything in my hands. Just open up and let me see. 他是一个多好的人呀,她的母亲插话道。你看他对你多好呀,来,听话。他不会伤害你的。 Such a nice man, put in the mother. Look how kind he is to you. Come on, do what he tells you to. He won"t hurt you. 听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙,要是他们没用“伤害”这个词,我也许能做点什么,但是我没有着急或恼怒,而是慢声细语地说着话,一边再次靠近这个孩子。 As that I ground my teeth in disgust. If only they wouldn"t use the word “hurt” I might be able to get somewhere. But I did not allow myself to be hurried or disturbed but speaking quietly and slowly I approached the child again. 我刚将椅子拉近一点,突然,她像猫一样双手本能地朝我的两眼抓去,我差一点被她抓到。 As I moved my chair a little nearer suddenly with one catlike movement both her hands clawed instinctively for my eyes and she almost reached them too. 好在她只是打掉了我的眼镜,虽然眼镜没有碎,但已落到了离我几英尺远的厨房地板上。 In fact she knocked my glasses flying and they fell, though unbroken, several feet away from me on the kitchen floor. 父母两人都非常尴尬,充满歉意,你这个坏孩子,母亲一边说,一边抓着她,并摇晃着她的一只手,你看看你做的事。这么一个好人。 Both the mother and father almost turned themselves inside out in embarrassment and apology. You bad girl, said the mother, taking her and shaking here by one arm. Look what you"ve done. The nice man… 看在上帝的份上,我打断了她的话,请不要再在她面前说我是一个好人。 For heaven"s sake, I broke in. Don"t call me a nice man to her. 我来是看看她的嗓子,也许她患了白喉,而且很可能会死于这种病。 I"m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria and possibly die of it. 但这一切她都不在乎,看这儿,我对女孩说,我们想看看你的嗓子,你不小了,应该明白我说的话,你是自己张开嘴呢,还是我们帮你张开? But that"s nothing to her. Look here, I said to the child, we"re going to look at your throat. You"re old enough to understand what I"m saying. Will you open it now by yourself or shall we have to open it for you? 她仍然一动不动,甚至连表情都没有任何变化。 Not a move. Even her expression hadn"t changed. 但是她的呼吸却越来越急促。 Her breaths, however, were coming faster and faster. 接着一场战役开始了,我不得不这样做。 Then the battle began. I had to do it. 由于她的自我保护,我必须检查一下她的嗓子。 I had to have a throat culture for her own protection. 可是我首先告诉家长这完全取决于他们。 But first I told the parents that it was entirely up to them. 我说明了其危险性,但同时提出只要他们承担责任我就不会坚持做这次喉咙检查。 I explained the danger but said that I would not insist on a throat examination so long as they would take the responsibility. 如果你不按大夫说的去做,你就要去医院了,母亲严厉地警告她。 If you don"t do what the doctor says you"ll have to go to the hospital, the mother admonished her severely. 是吗?我只好暗自笑了笑。毕竟我已经喜欢上了这个野蛮的小东西,但却看不起这对父母。 Oh yeah? I had to smile to myself. After all, I had already fallen in love with the savage brat, the parents were contemptible to me. 在接下来的“战斗”中他们越来越难堪,被摧垮了,直至精疲力竭。而这个女孩由于恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的地步。 In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject, crushed, exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me. 父亲尽了的努力,他块头很大,然而事实上他面对着的是他的女儿,由于对她的所作所为感到愧疚和担心伤到她,他每次在我几乎就要成功了的关键时刻放开了她,我真恨不得杀了他。 The father tried his best, and he was a big man but the fact that she was his daughter, his shame at her behavior and his dread of hurting her made him release her just at the critical times when I had almost achieved success, till I wanted to kill him. 可是,因为又担心她真会患上白喉,尽管他自己就快昏到了,他又告诉我继续,继续,而她的母亲在我们的身后走来走去,忧愁万分地抖着双手。 But his dread also that she might have diphtheria made him tell me to go on, go on though he himself was almost fainting, while the mother moved back and forth behind us raising and lowering her hands in an agony of apprehension. 把她放在你的大腿上,我命令道,抓住她的两个手腕。 Put her in front of you on your lap, I ordered, and hold both her wrists. 然而他刚一动手,女孩就尖叫了一声。 But as soon as he did the child let out a scream. 别这样,你会弄疼我的。 Don"t, you"re hurting me. 放开我的手,放手,我告诉你。 Let go of my hands. Let them go I tell you. 接着她发出可怕的歇斯底里的尖叫,住手!住手!你会弄死我的! Then she shrieked terrifyingly, hysterically. Stop it! Stop it! You"re killing me! 你觉得她受得了吗?医生!她母亲说。 Do you think she can stand it, doctor! Said the mother. 你出去,丈夫对他的妻子说,你想让她死于白喉吗? You get out, said the hu******************and to his wife. Do you want her to die of diphtheria? 来吧,抓住她,我说道。 Come on now, hold her, I said. 接着我用左手掰住女孩的头,并试图将木制的压舌板伸进她的嘴里。 Then I grasped the child"s head with my left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth. 她紧咬着牙绝望地反抗着! She fought, with clenched teeth, desperately! 而此时我也变得狂怒了——对一个孩子。 But now I also had grown furious-at a child. 我试图让自己不要发脾气,但却做不到,我知道怎样去检查她的嗓子。 I tried to hold myself down but I couldn"t. I know how to expose a throat for inspection. 我尽了的努力。当我终于把木制的压舌板伸到最后一排牙齿的后面时,她张开了嘴,然而只是一瞬间,我还来不及看她又把嘴闭上了,没等我把它取出来,她的臼齿已经紧紧咬住了压舌板,并把压舌板咬成了碎片。 And I did my best. When finally I got the wooden spatula behind the last teeth and just the point of it into the mouth cavity, she opened up for an instant but before I could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars. She reduces it to splinters before I could get it out again. 你不害臊吗?妈妈朝她大声训斥道。你在大夫面前这样不觉得害臊吗? Aren"t you ashamed, the mother yelled at her. Aren"t you ashamed to act like that in front of the doctor? 给我拿一把平柄的勺子什么的,我对母亲说。 Get me a smooth-handled spoon of some sort, I told the mother. 我们还要接着做下去。 We"re going through with this. 孩子的嘴已经流血了。 The child"s mouth was already bleeding. 她的舌头破了,还在歇斯底里地大叫着。 Her tongue was cut and she was screaming in wild hysterical shrieks. 也许我应该停下来,过一个多小时再回来无疑这样会好一些。 Perhaps I should have desisted and come back in an hour or more. No doubt it would have been better. 但我已经看到至少两个孩子因为这种情况而被疏忽了,躺在床上死去,我感到我必须现在进行诊断,否则就再没有机会了。 But I have seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases, and feeling that I must get a diagnosis now or never I went at it again. 然而最糟糕的是,我也失去了理智,我本可以在盛怒之下将女孩的嘴扒开来享受其中的快乐,向她发起进攻真是一件乐事,我的脸也因此而发热。 But the worst of it was that I too had got beyond reason. I could have torn the child apart in my own fury and enjoyed it. It was a pleasure to attack her, my face was burning with it. 在这种时候,谁都会叮咛自己,无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。 The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy, one says to one"s self at such times. 这样做也是为了保护其他孩子,同时这也是一种社会需要,事实也确是如此。 Others must be protected against her. It is a social necessity. And all these things are true. 然而由于释放体内能量的欲望而产生的一种盲目的无法控制的狂怒和一种成年人的羞耻感,使我一直坚持到最后。 But a blind fury,a feeling of adult shame, bred of a longing for muscular release are the operatives. One goes on to the end. 在最后失去理性的“战斗”中,我控制了女孩的脖子和下巴,我强行将沉重的银勺从她的牙后面伸到嗓子直到她作呕。 In the final unreasoning assault I overpowered the child"s neck any jaws. I forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged. 果然,两个扁桃体上有着一层膜状物。她勇敢地反抗就是为了不让我发现她的这个秘密,她至少隐瞒了3天嗓子疼,并对父母撒谎,都是为了逃避这样一个结果。 And there it was – both tonsils covered with membrane. She had fought valiantly to keep me from knowing her secret. She had been hiding that sore throat for three days at least and lying to her parents in order to escape just such an outcome as this. 现在,她真的狂怒了,在这以前她一直处于守势,但是现在她开始进攻了。 Now truly she was furious. She had been on the defensive before but now she attacked, Tried to get off her father"s lap and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded her eye.2023-07-16 14:29:141
白喉鹦鹉的英文是什么?
Diphtheria parrot2023-07-16 14:29:224
美国留学体检
根据美国法律,所有新生都必须提供完整的疫苗纪录才能上课,没有按照学校要求提供疫苗记录则不被允许进入校园。同时,如果学校被查到学生未提供完整的疫苗记录,还有可能要承担法律责任。因此,出境前务必在体检和疫苗事项上提高警惕,做好充分的准备。千万不要忽略美国留学前的体检。下面就跟一起来看看美国留学体检注意事项。 关于美国留学体检的几点建议 1、留学体检的时间最好安排在签证办理之后。 2、体检项目按照学校体检表的项目进行,如果没有体检表也无须担心,按照标准检查项目体检即可。 3、体检前一定要空腹。体检有一项皮试是关于结核病菌方面的,需要48小时和72小时回去复查,因此建议大家工作日尽早去体检。 4、体检时间大约1小时,结果可以由别人代领。 美国留学体检常见问题解答 1、我需要做哪些体检项目?我需要打什么疫苗? 一般来说,如果学校没有特殊的疫苗要求,所有的留学生至少都需要去国际旅行健康中心做健康体检,体检项目包括:X 光检查、心电图、血液检查、全身检查和免疫注射(默认打两针,MMR 和白喉破伤风)。体检完成后国际旅行健康中心根据体检情况出具健康证书,里面记录了您的体检信息,另外一本国际疫苗接种证明,里面记录了您打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 但是很多学校有另外的疫苗要求,具体要求可以在学校的网站查询到,或者有的学校会将疫苗要求表格连同录取文件直接寄送给学生。如有相关要求,务必将学校要求的疫苗表格一起带到国际旅行健康中心,国际旅行健康中心的医生会根据学校提供的表格为你选择注射疫苗的种类(疫苗表格一般是英语的,国际旅行健康中心的医生很专业,不用另外携带翻译件)。 常见的疫苗有: 1. MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella):麻腮风联合疫苗。即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2. DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus):百白破联合疫苗。 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。 3. Hepatitis B:乙肝疫苗。这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。 2、同一天里打多种疫苗有没有危险性呢? 请遵医嘱。 3、疫苗可以在不同的城市注射吗?因为时间比较紧,能不能先在国内打一针,剩下的部分在美国打? 没有问题,可以在不同的城市接种疫苗,如时间紧急不能在要求的间隔时间内完成就必须出境,则建议先在国内注射第一针,剩余的在境外完成。国际旅行健康中心会把注射时间和注射疫苗种类都登记在小黄本上,对方可以参照这个打。 4、去哪里体检?去哪里注射疫苗? 学生需要前往各省的国际旅行健康中心去体检和注射疫苗;不可以随意选择医院进行体检和注射疫苗。如学生本人不在本地,可以选择跨省的国际旅行健康中心。 5、学校只要求我打疫苗,没有要求体检,那我可以不体检么? 在学生进入美国国境过海关时,有可能会被抽查体检是否合格。这种几率虽然比较小,不过体检做了也没坏处,建议这步就不要省了,而且很多省市的旅行健康中心规定打疫苗前都需要做体检。 6、去体检需要携带什么材料? 建议携带以下材料: 1) 2寸彩色照片3张; 2) 儿童免疫接种证;(如丢失,建议补办) 3) 证件: 身份证/护照(两个带一个就可以了,但是最好记一下自己的护照号码,推荐带一支笔) 4) 美国校方发放的疫苗表格及其他相关表格(如有); 5) 体检费:500 RMB以上, 具体以体检中心的实际收费为准。 7、去体检需要填写什么? (1)填健康申报表 这是非典之后新增的项目。一张表格填个人信息。很简单。 (2)取体检表 填好健康申报表之后拿到2号接待窗口。说明自己出国的目的(留学)、前往国家(美国)。如果学校有特殊的检查项目(如PPD)也要说明。如果没有就是按照默认的项目体检。领到一份体检表格。里面有几张表格。也需要填写个人信息。中英文均可。 8、体检前的注意事项有哪些?比如是否需要预约?是否需要空腹? 建议体检之前先预约, 5月6月7月是留学体检的高峰期,至少两天预约,会省去之后很多排队之苦。预约后还要打印预约单(各地情况不一致),体检当天带去。体检一般需要耗费2小时左右的时间,高峰期可能延长,需要注意的是,各地的国际旅行健康中心一般超过11点不再受理当日的体检申请。 9、体检项目有哪些? 体检项目其中有:血常规(验血型)、肝功、静脉抽血(艾滋病等待,抽两小管血)、尿检、心电图、血压、X光透视、打疫苗。 特别提醒: 由于要抽血:注意早上空腹去体检。 验尿:体检之前多喝点水对尿检结果有好处。 静脉血化验:不用空腹进行,主要是验艾滋病、梅毒之类的传染病 体检完毕,把体检表格、免疫注射证、学校发的体检表和一张2寸相片放到信封里。交到相应接待窗口即可。相关人员会送你一个旅行者药盒,里面有体温计和常用药。 10、体检结果多长时间可以拿到?何时可以拿到小黄本和小红本? 在体检结果全部正常、提交的资料完整的前提下,一般在体检后的3个工作日可以领取。具体情况需要参照体检回执单上标明的具体时间、地点领取体检结果。建议大家周一或者周二上午去体检。 11、如果体检结果还没出来,可以去签证吗? 可以,美国的学生签证不对体检做要求,学生可以选择在签证之前进行体检,也可以选择在签证之后进行,但是尽可能早作安排,避免不必要的麻烦。2023-07-16 14:29:321
英语Children in famine怎么翻译?
饥荒中的孩子们2023-07-16 14:30:543
PENAVALENT这个是什么疫苗?求帮忙翻译。
你好这位朋友,首先纠正几个小拼写错误,应该是:PentavalentDTP/HepB/HibPentavalent是疫苗的名称,没有实际意义。重要的是下面一行,标志了这款疫苗可以预防的疾病,分别是:DTP = diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis = 百日咳HepB = Hepatitis B = 乙型肝炎Hib = Haemophilus influenzae type b = 乙型嗜血杆菌流感希望对你有帮助,祝你身体健康 :-)2023-07-16 14:31:191
英国留学打几种疫苗
脑膜炎其他出国之前没有要求,差的疫苗可以去了英国免费打。2023-07-16 14:31:303
美国移民体检项目介绍
一、体检中必须检查的项目包括 1.移民体质检查,有时要求被体检人脱去衣服,也包括对精神状况的评估; 2.结核菌素反应检验(肺结核之类的,只有两岁以上的人才做这种检验); 3.进行血清检查,只有十五岁以上的人才被抽血来检查是否带有艾滋病毒和梅毒。但是如果医生怀疑十四岁以下的人可能感染有这些病毒,医生可以对他们进行这方面的检查; 4.免疫疫苗注射史,如果移民能出示以前曾打过某些疫苗的证明,可以不用再花钱再打疫苗。以前打过疫苗的证书应妥善保管以备后用; 5.X光胸透,10岁以下申请人需拍后前位、侧位片两张X光片;10岁以上只需拍后前位片。 二、移民前的体检需要检测是否有接种过以下疫苗: 流行性腮腺炎mumps 风疹measles 麻疹rubella 脊髓灰质炎(即小儿麻痹症)polio 破伤风和白喉类毒素tetanusanddiphtheriatoxoids 百日咳pertussis B型流感嗜血杆菌haemophilusinfluenzaetypeB 轮状病毒rotavirus 甲型肝炎hepatitisA 乙型肝炎hepatitisB 脑膜炎球菌病meningococcaldisease 水痘varicella 流感influenza 肺炎球菌性肺炎pneumococcalpneumonia 三、处理结果 一般而言,在移民体检拒签范围中的疾病都是传染性疾病,比如艾滋病、肺结核、梅毒等,还包括部分高医疗费的慢性病。一旦查出这些重点疾病,移民局往往会有三种反应: 1.被确认已痊愈,发放移民签证,这一过程需要1个月的时间; 2.对经过诊断确定为非活性或者经过妥善治疗者,移民局会发放签证,但是要求申请人签署定期进行检查的保证书,赴美后要定期去医院检查; 3.经进一步检查,确定为活性或者未经妥善治疗者,必须进行全面的治疗,移民暂时被搁置。2023-07-16 14:31:371
they visited the london eye,and saw the city from above the ground,是什么意
他们参观了伦敦眼而且看到地上的城市2023-07-16 14:31:474
基因工程小鼠的命名规则
最近,读了几篇肿瘤转移相关文献,出现了各种基因修饰小鼠的名字。 看着一堆眼花缭乱的编号,还带着各种上标和符号。很多不太好理解。 所以,专门查了一下命名规则及具体说明。 这里就搬运一下,“男模生物” 里面介绍了各种小鼠的命名规则,以及很多公司已经有的小鼠。 【小鼠大学问】基因工程小鼠的命名规则|南模生物 (modelorg.com) 看的时候里面有些不理解。 所以再加一些备注。 什么是Cre工具鼠? 由转基因或基因敲入手段建立,将Cre重组酶整合到小鼠基因组中,可以特异识别重组酶识别位点(例如:LoxP位点),从而使我们需要的flox小鼠发生时空特异性敲除或敲入的小鼠就是我们的Cre工具鼠。 什么是LoxP位点: Cre-loxP 基因重组技术 - 实验方法 - 丁香通 (biomart.cn) 这里有解释。 为什么要用到Cre工具鼠 CKO(Conditional Knock Out)小鼠相对于KO(Knock Out)小鼠来说有以下几点优势: 1.可以用于具有胚胎致死性目的基因的研究; 2.可以用于研究基因在特定的组织或细胞中的生理病理功能; 3.通过与控制Cre或Flp表达的其它诱导系统相结合,还可以对某一基因的表达同时实现在时间和空间两方面的调控。为了实现各位研究者对于基因的条件性表达,将我们的CKO小鼠与Cre工具鼠交配后即可实现这一目的。 什么是Flox小鼠? 定义:条件性基因敲除小鼠(也叫Flox小鼠)是指在目的基因中含有成对的loxp位点的小鼠,与Cre工具小鼠交配后可在特定的组织或细胞中敲除目的基因。 集合这些资料:基本上了解个七七八八。 具体细节再自行百度。 有的时候我们除了关心一个基因的功能外,还想知道表达目的基因的这类细胞在体内是什么作用。 那么怎样才能在体内把一群细胞剔除掉呢? 这时候 [DTR]小鼠就能大展身手啦。 DTR 小鼠是通过基因编辑让目的细胞表达白喉毒素受体(Diphtheria toxin receptor,简称DTR),然后通过注射白喉毒素(Diphtheriatoxin,简称DT)实现细胞的条件性剔除。 sgRNA是什么? sgRNA(small guide RNA)是向导RNA(guide RNA,gRNA),在RNA编辑的过程中引导尿苷残基插入或缺失到动质体(kinetoplastid)中,属于一种小型非编码RNA,可与[pre-mRNA]配对。gRNA编辑RNA分子,长度大约60-80个[核苷酸],由单独的基因转录。 sgRNA 是大名鼎鼎的基因编辑神器 Cas9 系统的“指挥中心”,可以引导 Cas9 对 DNA 进行定点编辑。2023-07-16 14:32:191
白喉的网络解释白喉的网络解释是什么
白喉的网络解释是:白喉科普中国白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。白喉的网络解释是:白喉科普中国白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。结构是:白(独体结构)喉(左右结构)。词性是:名词。拼音是:báihóu。注音是:ㄅㄞ_ㄏㄡ_。白喉的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】白喉báihóu。(1)白喉杆菌引起的一种喉部疾病,患者多为小儿,重的可以致命。二、国语词典病名。由白喉杆菌引起的急性传染病,以咽头、喉头为主要患部。症状包括发烧、咽喉肿胀、失音、呼吸困难或严重虚脱等,最明显的症状是在咽、喉部位产生一层白膜,故称为「白喉」。可使用抗生素或注射抗毒血清治疗,预防的方法以接种白喉疫苗最为有效。词语翻译英语diphtheria法语diphtérie关于白喉的单词diphtheria关于白喉的成语挠喉捩嗓转喉触讳铁板歌喉纸笔喉舌扼喉抚背喉舌之官抵背扼喉耳目喉舌关于白喉的词语鱼鲠在喉喉舌之官扼喉抚背铁板歌喉拊背扼喉气噎喉堵抵背扼喉喉清韵雅纸笔喉舌挠喉捩嗓关于白喉的造句1、每当这场戏演到高山景行时,陈医生不顾个人生命安危,口对口吸一个患有烈性传染病白喉患者分泌物时,这壮举场面令人震憾。2、小语三个月时,易安带他去长沙市妇幼保健院打白百破疫苗。3、由于受到白喉病的威胁,大量抗毒血清被送入诺姆。雪橇队勇敢的驾驶者和勤恳忠诚的雪橇狗们又一次立了大功。4、一岁以内的幼儿,均要注射白喉、百日咳、破伤风三联疫苗,由于白百破疫苗不是终身免疫,上小学后需再接种一次。5、我们注射从马身上制造出来的白喉抗毒素,因为我们体内的抗毒素可能不足以抵御白喉。点此查看更多关于白喉的详细信息2023-07-16 14:33:141
白喉的词性白喉的词性是什么
白喉的词性是:名词。白喉的词性是:名词。注音是:ㄅㄞ_ㄏㄡ_。拼音是:báihóu。结构是:白(独体结构)喉(左右结构)。白喉的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】白喉báihóu。(1)白喉杆菌引起的一种喉部疾病,患者多为小儿,重的可以致命。二、国语词典病名。由白喉杆菌引起的急性传染病,以咽头、喉头为主要患部。症状包括发烧、咽喉肿胀、失音、呼吸困难或严重虚脱等,最明显的症状是在咽、喉部位产生一层白膜,故称为「白喉」。可使用抗生素或注射抗毒血清治疗,预防的方法以接种白喉疫苗最为有效。词语翻译英语diphtheria法语diphtérie三、网络解释白喉科普中国白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。关于白喉的单词diphtheria关于白喉的成语喉舌之官转喉触讳纸笔喉舌抵背扼喉挠喉捩嗓耳目喉舌扼喉抚背铁板歌喉关于白喉的词语骨鲠在喉纸笔喉舌鱼哽在喉耳目喉舌抵背扼喉喉舌之官气噎喉堵喉清韵雅拊背扼喉鱼鲠在喉关于白喉的造句1、我们注射从马身上制造出来的白喉抗毒素,因为我们体内的抗毒素可能不足以抵御白喉。2、及时给与适量白喉抗毒素,是首要的也是重要的步骤。3、小语三个月时,易安带他去长沙市妇幼保健院打白百破疫苗。4、提示细胞壁缺陷变异可影响白喉棒状杆菌产生白喉毒素蛋白质,从而使其丧失了产生外毒素致病的作用。5、由于受到白喉病的威胁,大量抗毒血清被送入诺姆。雪橇队勇敢的驾驶者和勤恳忠诚的雪橇狗们又一次立了大功。点此查看更多关于白喉的详细信息2023-07-16 14:33:211
请问 TD/DT/DTP/DTAP分别是什么儿童疫苗?急~~~~~
Td - Tetanus (破伤风), Diphtheria (白喉)DT 不知道...DTP - Diphtheria (白喉), Tetanus (破伤风), Pertussis (百日咳)DTAP 白喉、破伤风和无细胞型百日咳疫苗 参考资料:http://www.ebiotrade.com/newsf/2012-11/20121128160116887.htm2023-07-16 14:33:292
白喉的结构白喉的结构是什么
白喉的结构是:白(独体结构)喉(左右结构)。白喉的结构是:白(独体结构)喉(左右结构)。拼音是:báihóu。词性是:名词。注音是:ㄅㄞ_ㄏㄡ_。白喉的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】白喉báihóu。(1)白喉杆菌引起的一种喉部疾病,患者多为小儿,重的可以致命。二、国语词典病名。由白喉杆菌引起的急性传染病,以咽头、喉头为主要患部。症状包括发烧、咽喉肿胀、失音、呼吸困难或严重虚脱等,最明显的症状是在咽、喉部位产生一层白膜,故称为「白喉」。可使用抗生素或注射抗毒血清治疗,预防的方法以接种白喉疫苗最为有效。词语翻译英语diphtheria法语diphtérie三、网络解释白喉科普中国白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。关于白喉的单词diphtheria关于白喉的成语扼喉抚背纸笔喉舌耳目喉舌喉舌之官抵背扼喉铁板歌喉挠喉捩嗓转喉触讳关于白喉的词语铁板歌喉鱼哽在喉骨鲠在喉喉清韵雅耳目喉舌转喉触讳喉舌之官挠喉捩嗓气噎喉堵抵背扼喉关于白喉的造句1、提示细胞壁缺陷变异可影响白喉棒状杆菌产生白喉毒素蛋白质,从而使其丧失了产生外毒素致病的作用。2、在主动免疫以前,白喉是儿童的主要疾病之一。3、法国细菌学家。他通过促使马产生抗体发现了白喉抗毒素。4、及时给与适量白喉抗毒素,是首要的也是重要的步骤。5、每当这场戏演到高山景行时,陈医生不顾个人生命安危,口对口吸一个患有烈性传染病白喉患者分泌物时,这壮举场面令人震憾。点此查看更多关于白喉的详细信息2023-07-16 14:33:431
白喉的读音白喉的读音是什么
白喉的读音是:báihóu。白喉的拼音是:báihóu。结构是:白(独体结构)喉(左右结构)。词性是:名词。注音是:ㄅㄞ_ㄏㄡ_。白喉的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】白喉báihóu。(1)白喉杆菌引起的一种喉部疾病,患者多为小儿,重的可以致命。二、国语词典病名。由白喉杆菌引起的急性传染病,以咽头、喉头为主要患部。症状包括发烧、咽喉肿胀、失音、呼吸困难或严重虚脱等,最明显的症状是在咽、喉部位产生一层白膜,故称为「白喉」。可使用抗生素或注射抗毒血清治疗,预防的方法以接种白喉疫苗最为有效。词语翻译英语diphtheria法语diphtérie三、网络解释白喉科普中国白喉(diphtheria)是由白喉杆菌所引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热,气憋,声音嘶哑,犬吠样咳嗽,咽、扁桃体及其周围组织出现白色伪膜为特征。严重者全身中毒症状明显,可并发心肌炎和周围神经麻痹。关于白喉的单词diphtheria关于白喉的成语耳目喉舌转喉触讳扼喉抚背挠喉捩嗓喉舌之官纸笔喉舌抵背扼喉铁板歌喉关于白喉的词语耳目喉舌鱼鲠在喉纸笔喉舌铁板歌喉转喉触讳拊背扼喉气噎喉堵喉舌之官喉清韵雅骨鲠在喉关于白喉的造句1、小语三个月时,易安带他去长沙市妇幼保健院打白百破疫苗。2、由于受到白喉病的威胁,大量抗毒血清被送入诺姆。雪橇队勇敢的驾驶者和勤恳忠诚的雪橇狗们又一次立了大功。3、一岁以内的幼儿,均要注射白喉、百日咳、破伤风三联疫苗,由于白百破疫苗不是终身免疫,上小学后需再接种一次。4、及时给与适量白喉抗毒素,是首要的也是重要的步骤。5、放线菌是革兰氏阳性厌氧性丝状杆菌,外形酷似类白喉杆菌,常见于正常人的齿垢、齿龈周围及扁桃体等部位。点此查看更多关于白喉的详细信息2023-07-16 14:33:501
到美国留学必须要打哪些疫苗
1. Diphtheria, Tetanus,Pertussis 白喉,破伤风,百日咳疫苗简称DTP或任何DTP和DT或Td的组合,我们常称之为“白百破混合疫苗”扩充了解一下其他缩写:Dtap:白喉,破伤风,非细胞性百日咳混合疫苗DTP:白喉,破伤风,全细胞性百日咳混合疫苗DT:白喉,破伤风混合疫苗Td:破伤风,减量白喉混合疫苗美国学校一般都要求5针记录,但是国内的疫苗本上只要4针就打全了,若最后一次接种时未满2周岁,需要再接种一次。所以学生至少会补打一针来满足学校的要求。一般一个月注射一次.不能超过40天。此疫苗接种时间没有成年人和未成年人的区别,建议每间隔10年接种一次。六周岁或六周岁以下,必须接种百日咳疫苗。2. Tdap (booster) 百白破疫苗(补强针)学校要求提供一针记录,若7岁后未接种过DPT, 需接种一次,即使曾患过百日咳也需要接种,3. Polio 小儿麻痹疫苗,又称脊髓灰质炎疫苗学校表格里可能出现另外两种说法,口服脊髓灰质疫苗(OPV)或者灭活脊髓灰质病毒疫苗(IPV),都是同一疫苗。美国学校一般要求4针记录,若最后一次接种时未满2周岁,需要再接种一次。一般时间间隔为不小于四周,最长间隔时间跟已打针数有关,需遵医嘱。4. Measles(麻疹), Mumps(腮腺炎), Rubella(风疹),简称 MMR(麻风腮混合疫苗)分别接种或接种混合疫苗都可以。美国学校都会要求两针麻疹,而腮腺炎和风疹,可能要求一针或者两针。所以,如果是分开打的疫苗,就按学校表格要求填写,如果是混合针,两针MMR就够了。也是两针之间间隔一个月再打。5. Hepatitis B 乙肝疫苗美国学校都是要求3针记录。也是间隔一个月打下一针。6. Varicella (chickenpox) 水痘疫苗美国学校一般都要求两针记录。个别学校会明确说明,若于13周岁前接种,只需接种一次,但13-17周岁间接种,需接种两次,间隔6~10周。如果学生已经生过水痘,一份注明发病年月并且有医生签名盖章的证明可以代替该疫苗。7. Meningococcal 流行性脑膜炎疫苗美国学校会要求一针。但是主要是大学生住校时要提供的。基本上学生都打过这个疫苗。建议接种一次8. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine (HPV) (for females only)人类乳突病毒 (只有女学生)这个疫苗要求很少见,但是要求的话,会是3针记录。9. Tuberculosis Skin Test (PPD Skin Test)TB TEST(肺结核检查),核菌素试验(也称为芒图试验、PPD试验)。这个不是疫苗,但是会出现在学校的体检表格里,结核菌素试验 – 阳性/阴性,日期;如果阳性, 胸部X线检验(诊断/处方)。几乎每个美国学校都要求国际生进行的一项测试。一般包含在学生离境前的体检过程中。但是有的学校明确说明,离境前一个月内测试有效,或者必须到校测试才有效。要按学校要注,跟学生区别指导的。2023-07-16 14:34:061
diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus是什么意思
diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus[医]白百破[混合制剂]; 双语对照词典结果:diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus[英][du026af"θu026au0259ru026au0259pu025c:t"u028csu026ast"etu0259nu0259s][美][du026af"θu026au0259ru026arpu025c:t"u028csu026ast"etu0259nu0259s][医]白百破[混合制剂];2023-07-16 14:34:251
《高级英语》课文逐句翻译(3)
lesson3 使用暴力 Lesson Three The Use of Force 他们是我的新病人,我所知道的只有名字,奥尔逊。 They were new patients to me, all I had was the name, Olson. 请您尽快赶来,我女儿病得很重。 “Please come down as soon as you can, my daughter is very sick.” 当我到达时,孩子的母亲迎接了我,这是一位看上去惊恐不安的妇人,衣着整洁却一脸忧伤的神色她只是说,这位就是医生吗? When I arrived I was met by the mother, a big startled looking woman, very clean and apologetic who merely said, Is this the doctor? 然后带我进了屋。 And let me in. 在后面,她又说到,请你一定要原谅我们,医生,我们让她呆在厨房里,那儿暖和,这里有时很潮湿。 In the back, she added. You must excuse us, doctor, we have her in the kitchen where it is warm. It is very damp here sometimes. 在厨房的桌子旁边,这个孩子穿得严严实实的,坐在她父亲的腿上。 The child was fully dressed and sitting on here father"s lap near the kitchen table. 他父亲试图站起来,但我向他示意不用麻烦,然后我脱下外套开始检查。 He tried to get up, but I motioned for him not to bother, took off my overcoat and started to look things over. 我能够觉察出他们都很紧张,而且用怀疑的眼光上下打量着我。 I could see that they were all very nervous, eyeing me up and down distrustfully. 在这种情形下,他们通常不会提供太多的情况,而是等着我告诉他们病情,这就是为什么他们会在我身上花3美元。 As often, in such cases, they weren"t telling me more than they had to, it was up to me to tell them; that"s why they were spending three dollars on me. 这个孩子用她那冷漠而镇定的目光目不转睛地盯着我,脸上没有任何表情。 The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression on her face whatever. 她纹丝不动,内心似乎很平静。这是一个非常惹人喜爱的小东西,外表长得象小牛一样结实。 She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. 但是她的脸发红,而且呼吸急促,我知道她在发着高烧。 But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. 她长着一头漂亮浓密的金发,就像刊登在广告插页上和周日报纸图片版上的那些孩子一样。 She had magnificent blonde hair, in profusion. One of those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers. 她发烧已经3天了,她父亲开口说,我们不知道是什么原因。 She"s had a fever for three days, began the father and we don"t know what it comes from. 我太太给她吃了一些药,你知道,大家都是这样做的,可这些药根本不管用,而且,附近有很多人都生了病,所以我们想请您给她检查一下,然后告诉我们是怎么一回事。 My wife has given her things, you know, like people do, but it don"t do no good. And there"s been a lot of sickness around. So we tho"t you"d better look her over and tell us what is the matter. 像医生们经常做的那样,我问了个问题,想以此来猜测一下病症所在。 As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat? 父母两人一起回答说,没有……没有,她说她的嗓子不疼。 Both parents answered me together, No…No, she says her throat don"t hurt her. 你嗓子疼吗?母亲又问了一下孩子。 Does your throat hurt you? Added the mother to the child. 女孩的表情没有任何变化,而她的目光却一直没有从我的脸上移开。 But the little girl"s expression didn"t change nor did she move her eyes from my face. 你看过她的嗓子了吗? Have you looked? 我想看,孩子的母亲说,但看不见。 I tried to, said the mother but II couldn"t see. 这个月碰巧她上学的那个学校已经有好几例白喉病。虽然到目前为止没有人说出这件事,但很显然,我们心里都想到了。 As it happens we had been having a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which this child went during that month and we were all, quite apparently, thinking of that, though no one had as yet spoken of the thing. 好了,我说,我们先看看嗓子吧。 Well, I said, suppose we take a look at the throat first. 我以医生特有的职业方式微笑着,叫着孩子的名字。我说,来吧,玛蒂尔达,张开嘴,让我看一下你的嗓子。 I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child"s first name I said, come on, Mathilda, open your mouth and let"s take a look at your throat. 没有任何反应。 Nothing doing. 哦,来吧,我劝道,张大你的嘴,让我看看。看,我说着把两只手伸开,我的手里没有东西,张大嘴,让我看看。 Aw, come on, I coaxed, just open your mouth wide and let me take a look. Look, I said opening both hands wide, I haven"t anything in my hands. Just open up and let me see. 他是一个多好的人呀,她的母亲插话道。你看他对你多好呀,来,听话。他不会伤害你的。 Such a nice man, put in the mother. Look how kind he is to you. Come on, do what he tells you to. He won"t hurt you. 听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙,要是他们没用“伤害”这个词,我也许能做点什么,但是我没有着急或恼怒,而是慢声细语地说着话,一边再次靠近这个孩子。 As that I ground my teeth in disgust. If only they wouldn"t use the word “hurt” I might be able to get somewhere. But I did not allow myself to be hurried or disturbed but speaking quietly and slowly I approached the child again. 我刚将椅子拉近一点,突然,她像猫一样双手本能地朝我的两眼抓去,我差一点被她抓到。 As I moved my chair a little nearer suddenly with one catlike movement both her hands clawed instinctively for my eyes and she almost reached them too. 好在她只是打掉了我的眼镜,虽然眼镜没有碎,但已落到了离我几英尺远的厨房地板上。 In fact she knocked my glasses flying and they fell, though unbroken, several feet away from me on the kitchen floor. 父母两人都非常尴尬,充满歉意,你这个坏孩子,母亲一边说,一边抓着她,并摇晃着她的一只手,你看看你做的事。这么一个好人。 Both the mother and father almost turned themselves inside out in embarrassment and apology. You bad girl, said the mother, taking her and shaking here by one arm. Look what you"ve done. The nice man… 看在上帝的份上,我打断了她的话,请不要再在她面前说我是一个好人。 For heaven"s sake, I broke in. Don"t call me a nice man to her. 我来是看看她的嗓子,也许她患了白喉,而且很可能会死于这种病。 I"m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria and possibly die of it. 但这一切她都不在乎,看这儿,我对女孩说,我们想看看你的嗓子,你不小了,应该明白我说的话,你是自己张开嘴呢,还是我们帮你张开? But that"s nothing to her. Look here, I said to the child, we"re going to look at your throat. You"re old enough to understand what I"m saying. Will you open it now by yourself or shall we have to open it for you? 她仍然一动不动,甚至连表情都没有任何变化。 Not a move. Even her expression hadn"t changed. 但是她的呼吸却越来越急促。 Her breaths, however, were coming faster and faster. 接着一场战役开始了,我不得不这样做。 Then the battle began. I had to do it. 由于她的自我保护,我必须检查一下她的嗓子。 I had to have a throat culture for her own protection. 可是我首先告诉家长这完全取决于他们。 But first I told the parents that it was entirely up to them. 我说明了其危险性,但同时提出只要他们承担责任我就不会坚持做这次喉咙检查。 I explained the danger but said that I would not insist on a throat examination so long as they would take the responsibility. 如果你不按大夫说的去做,你就要去医院了,母亲严厉地警告她。 If you don"t do what the doctor says you"ll have to go to the hospital, the mother admonished her severely. 是吗?我只好暗自笑了笑。毕竟我已经喜欢上了这个野蛮的小东西,但却看不起这对父母。 Oh yeah? I had to smile to myself. After all, I had already fallen in love with the savage brat, the parents were contemptible to me. 在接下来的“战斗”中他们越来越难堪,被摧垮了,直至精疲力竭。而这个女孩由于恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的地步。 In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject, crushed, exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me. 父亲尽了的努力,他块头很大,然而事实上他面对着的是他的女儿,由于对她的所作所为感到愧疚和担心伤到她,他每次在我几乎就要成功了的关键时刻放开了她,我真恨不得杀了他。 The father tried his best, and he was a big man but the fact that she was his daughter, his shame at her behavior and his dread of hurting her made him release her just at the critical times when I had almost achieved success, till I wanted to kill him. 可是,因为又担心她真会患上白喉,尽管他自己就快昏到了,他又告诉我继续,继续,而她的母亲在我们的身后走来走去,忧愁万分地抖着双手。 But his dread also that she might have diphtheria made him tell me to go on, go on though he himself was almost fainting, while the mother moved back and forth behind us raising and lowering her hands in an agony of apprehension. 把她放在你的大腿上,我命令道,抓住她的两个手腕。 Put her in front of you on your lap, I ordered, and hold both her wrists. 然而他刚一动手,女孩就尖叫了一声。 But as soon as he did the child let out a scream. 别这样,你会弄疼我的。 Don"t, you"re hurting me. 放开我的手,放手,我告诉你。 Let go of my hands. Let them go I tell you. 接着她发出可怕的歇斯底里的尖叫,住手!住手!你会弄死我的! Then she shrieked terrifyingly, hysterically. Stop it! Stop it! You"re killing me! 你觉得她受得了吗?医生!她母亲说。 Do you think she can stand it, doctor! Said the mother. 你出去,丈夫对他的妻子说,你想让她死于白喉吗? You get out, said the hu******************and to his wife. Do you want her to die of diphtheria? 来吧,抓住她,我说道。 Come on now, hold her, I said. 接着我用左手掰住女孩的头,并试图将木制的压舌板伸进她的嘴里。 Then I grasped the child"s head with my left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth. 她紧咬着牙绝望地反抗着! She fought, with clenched teeth, desperately! 而此时我也变得狂怒了——对一个孩子。 But now I also had grown furious-at a child. 我试图让自己不要发脾气,但却做不到,我知道怎样去检查她的嗓子。 I tried to hold myself down but I couldn"t. I know how to expose a throat for inspection. 我尽了的努力。当我终于把木制的压舌板伸到最后一排牙齿的后面时,她张开了嘴,然而只是一瞬间,我还来不及看她又把嘴闭上了,没等我把它取出来,她的臼齿已经紧紧咬住了压舌板,并把压舌板咬成了碎片。 And I did my best. When finally I got the wooden spatula behind the last teeth and just the point of it into the mouth cavity, she opened up for an instant but before I could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars. She reduces it to splinters before I could get it out again. 你不害臊吗?妈妈朝她大声训斥道。你在大夫面前这样不觉得害臊吗? Aren"t you ashamed, the mother yelled at her. Aren"t you ashamed to act like that in front of the doctor? 给我拿一把平柄的勺子什么的,我对母亲说。 Get me a smooth-handled spoon of some sort, I told the mother. 我们还要接着做下去。 We"re going through with this. 孩子的嘴已经流血了。 The child"s mouth was already bleeding. 她的舌头破了,还在歇斯底里地大叫着。 Her tongue was cut and she was screaming in wild hysterical shrieks. 也许我应该停下来,过一个多小时再回来无疑这样会好一些。 Perhaps I should have desisted and come back in an hour or more. No doubt it would have been better. 但我已经看到至少两个孩子因为这种情况而被疏忽了,躺在床上死去,我感到我必须现在进行诊断,否则就再没有机会了。 But I have seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases, and feeling that I must get a diagnosis now or never I went at it again. 然而最糟糕的是,我也失去了理智,我本可以在盛怒之下将女孩的嘴扒开来享受其中的快乐,向她发起进攻真是一件乐事,我的脸也因此而发热。 But the worst of it was that I too had got beyond reason. I could have torn the child apart in my own fury and enjoyed it. It was a pleasure to attack her, my face was burning with it. 在这种时候,谁都会叮咛自己,无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。 The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy, one says to one"s self at such times. 这样做也是为了保护其他孩子,同时这也是一种社会需要,事实也确是如此。 Others must be protected against her. It is a social necessity. And all these things are true. 然而由于释放体内能量的欲望而产生的一种盲目的无法控制的狂怒和一种成年人的羞耻感,使我一直坚持到最后。 But a blind fury,a feeling of adult shame, bred of a longing for muscular release are the operatives. One goes on to the end. 在最后失去理性的“战斗”中,我控制了女孩的脖子和下巴,我强行将沉重的银勺从她的牙后面伸到嗓子直到她作呕。 In the final unreasoning assault I overpowered the child"s neck any jaws. I forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged. 果然,两个扁桃体上有着一层膜状物。她勇敢地反抗就是为了不让我发现她的这个秘密,她至少隐瞒了3天嗓子疼,并对父母撒谎,都是为了逃避这样一个结果。 And there it was – both tonsils covered with membrane. She had fought valiantly to keep me from knowing her secret. She had been hiding that sore throat for three days at least and lying to her parents in order to escape just such an outcome as this. 现在,她真的狂怒了,在这以前她一直处于守势,但是现在她开始进攻了。 Now truly she was furious. She had been on the defensive before but now she attacked, Tried to get off her father"s lap and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded her eye.2023-07-16 14:34:321
dtp/d tap/td 是什么意思
你好,很高兴为你解答td - Tetanus (破伤风), Diphtheria (白喉)dtp - Diphtheria (白喉), Tetanus (破伤风), Pertussis (百日咳)dtap 白喉、破伤风和无细胞型百日咳疫苗希望能帮到你,谢谢2023-07-16 14:34:421
求婴幼儿各个接种疫苗的英文及缩写_百度宝宝知道
乙肝疫苗 ——HBV麻风疫苗——MR卡介苗——BCG脊灰疫苗(减毒)——OPV 灭活脊灰疫苗——IPV无细胞百白破——DPT麻风腮疫苗——MMR乙脑疫苗——EBVA群流脑疫苗—— MAV A+C群流脑疫苗——MAC白破疫苗——DT甲肝疫苗——HAV沛儿——PCV-7B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗——HIB23价肺炎疫苗——PCV-23水痘疫苗——VZV流感疫苗——FLU霍乱疫苗——RB匿名用户22023-07-16 14:35:022
新西兰留学生体检问题全面解答
新西兰留学生在出国留学前,需要做好体检的打算,这也是必要的步骤之一。随着2017年的到来,很多春季入学的同学需要做好体检准备,那么关于留学体检需要知道哪些重要问题呢?跟着我来看看吧!欢迎阅读。 2017新西兰春季入学之体检问题详解 第一次出国留学的同学都被要求出示国际旅行健康证明,很多同学也疑惑疫苗接种或预防措施国际证书具体是什么类型的证书。首先,来个名词解释:小红本&小黄本。 小红本:国际旅行健康检查证明书 证明“本次体检未发现患有可能对公共卫生造成重大危害的传染病”——来自小红本最后一页的“结论” 小黄本:疫苗接种或预防措施国际证书 上面会有全部疫苗接种记录这两个本据说是过海关的时候可能被抽查,所以,虽然麻烦又花大笔银子,还是有必要办理的。必须去指定单位体检,普通医院或防疫单位不颁发。 出国留学前的体检主要分为两个部分: 第一部分:身体各项功能的常规检查,主要是让出国的学生了解自己的身体状况。 第二部分:根据检查结果来接种相关要求的疫苗,不同的国家要求接种的疫苗都是不一样的,须看清楚要求。 关于出国留学体检问题的问答: 问:我需要做哪些体检项目?我需要打什么疫苗? 答:一般来说,如果学校没有特殊的疫苗要求,所有的留学生至少都需要去国际旅行健康中心做健康体检,体检项目包括:X 光检查、心电图、血液检查、全身检查和免疫注射(默认打两针,MMR 和白喉破伤风)。体检完成后国际旅行健康中心根据体检情况出具健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了您的体检信息,另外一本国际疫苗接种证明(俗称的小黄本),里面记录了您打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 但是很多学校有另外的疫苗要求,具体要求可以在学校的网站查询到,或者有的学校会将疫苗要求表格连同录取文件直接寄送给学生。如有相关要求,务必将学校要求的疫苗表格一起带到国际旅行健康中心,国际旅行健康中心的医生会根据学校提供的表格为你选择注射疫苗的种类(疫苗表格一般是英文的,国际旅行健康中心的医生很专业,不用另外携带翻译件)。 常见的疫苗有: 1.MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella):麻腮风联合疫苗。即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2.DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus):百白破联合疫苗。 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。 3.Hepatitis B:乙肝疫苗。这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。 问:疫苗可以在不同的城市注射吗?因为时间比较紧,能不能先在国内打一针,剩下的部分在境外打? 答:没有问题,可以在不同的城市接种疫苗,如时间紧急不能在要求的间隔时间内完成就必须出境,则建议先在国内注射第一针,剩余的在境外完成。国际旅行健康中心会把注射时间和注射疫苗种类都登记在小黄本上,对方可以参照这个打。 问:体检前的注意事项有哪些? 比如是否需要预约?是否需要空腹? 答: 建议体检之前先预约,至少两天预约,会省去之后很多排队之苦。预约后还要打印预约单(各地情况不一致),体检当天带去。体检一般需要耗费2小时左右的时间,高峰期可能延长,需要注意的是,各地的国际旅行健康中心一般超过11点不再受理当日的体检申请。 问: 体检结果多长时间可以拿到?何时可以拿到小黄本和小红本? 答:在体检结果全部正常、提交的资料完整的前提下,一般在体检后的3个工作日可以领取。具体情况需要参照体检回执单上标明的具体时间、地点领取体检结果。 问: 如果体检结果还没出来,可以去签证吗? 答:可以,美国的学生签证不对体检做要求,学生可以选择在签证之前进行体检,也可以选择在签证之后进行,但是尽可能早作安排,避免不必要的麻烦。 问:去哪里体检?去哪里注射疫苗? 答:学生需要前往各省的国际旅行健康中心去体检和注射疫苗,不可以随意选择医院进行体检和注射疫苗。如学生本人不在本地,可以选择跨省的国际旅行健康中心。 问:学校只要求我打疫苗,没有要求体检,那我可以不体检么? 答:在学生进入国境过海关时,有可能会被抽查体检是否合格。这种几率虽然比较小,不过体检做了也没坏处,建议这步就不要省了,而且很多省市的旅行健康中心规定打疫苗前都需要做体检。 问:去体现需要携带什么材料? 答:建议携带以下材料: 1)2寸彩色照片3张 2)儿童免疫接种证(如丢失,建议补办) 3)证件:份证/护照(两个带一个就可以了,但是最好记一下自己的护照号码,推荐带一根笔) 4)体检费:具体以体检中心的实际收费为准。2023-07-16 14:35:291
求婴幼儿各个接种疫苗的英文及缩写
疫苗中英文名称及简称对照一览表疫苗中文名称疫苗英文简称疫苗英文全名卡介苗BCGBacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine白喉、破伤风混合疫苗DTTetanus and diphtheria toxoid childrens" dose白喉、破伤风、非细胞性百日咳混合疫苗DTaPDiphtheria and tetanus toxoid with acellular pertussis vaccine白喉、破伤风、全细胞性百日咳混合疫苗DTwPDiphtheria and tetanus toxoid with whole cell pertussis vaccineA 型肝炎疫苗HepAHepatitis A vaccineB 型肝炎疫苗HepBHepatitis B vaccineb 型嗜血杆菌疫苗HibHaemophilus influenzae type b vaccine流行性感冒疫苗InfluenzaInfluenza注射式小儿麻痹疫苗IPVInactivated polio vaccine日本脑炎疫苗JapENncJapanese encephalitis流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗(A、C 型)MenACMeningococcal AC流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗 (A、C 、Y 、W 135 型)MenACWYMeningococcal ACWY流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗Men C_conjMeningococcal C conjugate vaccine麻疹、腮腺炎、德国麻疹混合疫苗MMRMeasles, mumps and rubella vaccine麻疹疫苗MeaslesMeasles vaccine腮腺炎疫苗MumpsMumps vaccine德国麻疹疫苗RubellaRubella vaccine口服小儿麻痹疫苗OPVOral polio vaccine肺炎双球菌疫苗(结合型)Pneumo_conjPneumococcal conjugate vaccine肺炎链球菌疫苗(多醣体型)Pneumo_psPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine狂犬病疫苗RabiesRabies vaccine破伤风、减量白喉混合疫苗TdTetanus and diphtheria toxoid for older children/adults破伤风类毒素疫苗TTTetanus toxoid伤寒疫苗TyphoidTyphoid fever vaccine水痘疫苗VaricellaVaricella vaccine疫苗中英文名称及简称对照一览表(续)疫苗中文名称疫苗英文简称疫苗英文全名黄热病YFYellow fever vaccine白喉、破伤风、非细胞性百日咳、b 型嗜血杆菌混合疫苗DTaP-HibDiphtheria and tetanus toxoid with acellular pertussis and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine白喉、破伤风、非细胞性百日咳、B 型肝炎、不活化小儿麻痹混合疫苗DTaP-HepB-IPVDiphtheria and tetanus toxoid with acellular pertussis, hepatitis B and Inactivated polio vaccine白喉、破伤风、非细胞性百日咳、b 型嗜血杆菌、不活化小儿麻痹混合疫苗DTaP-Hib-IPVDiphtheria and tetanus toxoid with acellular pertussis, haemophilus influenzae type b and Inactivated polio vaccineb 型嗜血杆菌、B 型肝炎混合疫苗Hib-HepBHaemophilus influenzae type b and hepatitis B vaccineA 型肝炎、B 型肝炎混合疫苗HepA-HepBHepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine麻疹、腮腺炎混合疫苗MMMeasles and mumps virus vaccine麻疹、德国麻疹混合疫苗或腮腺炎、德国麻疹混合疫苗MRMeasles and rubella vaccine or Mumps and rubella vaccine麻疹、腮腺炎、德国麻疹、水痘混合疫苗MMRVMeasles, mumps, rubella, and varicella virus vaccine腮腺炎疫苗MumpsMumps vaccine2023-07-16 14:35:361
亚历山大弗莱明英文简介
Alexander Fleming ProfileAD 1881-AD 1955Inventor of penicillin Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in 1881, Brookfield. Fleming from 伦敦圣马利亚 hospital medical school graduate, engaged in immunology research; later in World War I as a military doctor, study wound infection. He noted that many antiseptic damage human cells and even damage to the bacteria, he recognized the need for some kind of harmful bacteria and harmless substances in human cells.After the war Fleming return to St. Mary"s Hospital. In 1922 he was doing experiments, he found a substance called lysozyme mold. Bacteriolysis mold produced in the body, is one component of mucus and tears, harmless to human cells. It can eliminate some of the bacteria, but unfortunately in those particularly harmful bacteria to humans before they do anything. So this discovery though unique, is not very important.1928 Fleming made his great discovery. In his lab, there is a staphylococcus culture exposed in the air by a mold contamination. Fleming noted that the area around the mold exactly where the bacteria disappear in the medium, he correctly concluded that mold in the production of a Staphylococcus harmful substances. He soon proved that this substance can inhibit the growth of many other harmful bacteria. This substance ── his name according to its producers mold (Penicillium) named it penicillin ── are non-toxic to humans or animals effect.Fleming"s results were published in 1929, but initially did not pay serious attention. Fleming pointed out that penicillin would have important uses, but he could not invent a purifying penicillin technology, makes this a panacea for more than a decade has not been able to use.Finally late in the 1930s, two British medical researchers Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris money grace came across Fleming"s articles. He repeated his work, confirmed his results. They then purified penicillin, to try to laboratory animals; 1941 patient trial. They experiment clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the new drug has amazing.In the British and US governments to encourage, now pharmaceutical companies entered the field, soon we found a way to mass production of penicillin. At first, the use of penicillin just to leave the war-wounded, but by 1944, the British and American citizens in medical treatment can be used. When the war ended in 1945, penicillin had been all over the world.The discovery of penicillin to find other antibiotics is a huge promotion, this research led to the invention of a number of other "wonder drug," but penicillin is the most widely used antibiotics.Penicillin continues to maintain a leading position because of its many harmful microbes are valid. The drug can be effective in the treatment of syphilis, gonorrhea, scarlet fever, diphtheria, and certain types of arthritis, bronchitis, meningitis, blood poisoning, bone infections, pneumonia, gangrene, and many other diseases.Another advantage is the large safety margin of penicillin use. Five hundred thousand units of penicillin dosage for certain infections is effective, but daily injections of one million units of penicillin and no side effects. While a few people are allergic to penicillin, but the drug is both effective and safe ideal drug for most people.Since penicillin has saved the lives of millions of lives, and in the future will definitely save more lives, and therefore the importance of Fleming No one questioned the invention. His exact position of a roster, as in this book position, naturally depending on how many people think that credit should Flory and money power in the ex. I think that the main credit goes Fleming, because he made a major discovery. Without him, maybe too many years later before the invention of penicillin. And his results once published, will sooner or later invented penicillin production and purification of advanced technology, which is natural.Fleming happy married life, to have a child. In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for their invention, he shared Flory and money reward and grace. Fleming died in 1955.2023-07-16 14:36:272
B.C.G是什么疫苗?
苗名称 英文简称 可预防的传染病卡介苗Bacillus Calmette Guerin =B.C.G结核病脊髓灰质炎活疫苗Poliomyelitis =POLIO 脊髓灰质炎(小儿麻痹症)百白破混合制剂DTP 百日咳 白喉 破伤风麻疹疫苗Measles (rubeola) 麻疹乙脑疫苗JApanese encephalitis 流行性乙型脑炎乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B 乙型病毒性肝炎风疹疫苗Rubeola (German measles) 风疹流脑疫苗Meningitis 流行性脑脊髓膜炎腮腺炎疫苗mumps 流行性腮腺炎麻腮风疫苗MMR 麻疹 风疹 流行性腮腺炎流感疫苗haemophilus influenza B 流行性感冒甲肝疫苗Hepatitis A 甲型病毒性肝炎水痘疫苗Varicella 水痘 带状疱疹Hib(乙型流感)疫苗Hib Hib引起的小儿脑膜炎肺炎等伤寒疫苗Typhoid 伤寒肺炎疫苗Pneumococcal 肺炎白喉破伤风疫苗Td 白喉破伤风DTP 包括 百日咳Pertussis(whooping cough)白喉diphtheria破伤风tetanus卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette Guerin =B.C.G 结核病乙肝疫苗 Hepatitis B 乙型病毒性肝炎Smoll pox不知道是什么疫苗了?2023-07-16 14:36:341
急急急急急~~~~~130分高分悬赏!!!各位英语大师速来帮帮忙!!
字典里很多啊,好多东西应该自己动手,不是吗?2023-07-16 14:36:4410
英语冠词的一些问题
孩子,你要知道a,an,the的区别呀,首先a,an的意思是“一个”无论哪一个,而the是特指。举例说,a apple与the apple的区别就是:Give me a apple.这里的苹果是,你给我一个苹果,随便哪一个都可以,而在句中,如:Look at the apple就是特指说话人看到的那个苹果,别的都不行。所以,你需要翻一下语法书,什么是特指什么是泛指要懂呀2023-07-16 14:37:323
英文的:马克吐温的生平作品以及其在美国文学史上的地位
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),[1] better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American humorist, satirist, writer, and lecturer. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. He is also known for his quotations.Clemens was a well known author in the United States, a popular comedian and monologist, and friend to presidents, artists, leading industrialists, and European royalty. Mark Twain"s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been called a Great American Novel.[4] Clemens enjoyed immense public popularity and his keen wit and incisive satire earned him praise from both critics and peers. American author William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature."[5] Youth Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835, to Tennessee country merchant, John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 - March 24, 1847), and Jane Lampton Clemens (June 18, 1803 - October 27, 1890).[6] He was the sixth of John and Jane"s seven children. Only two of his siblings survived childhood, his brother Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 - December 11, 1897 and sister Pamela (September 19, 1827 - August 31, 1904). His sister Margaret (May 31, 1830 - August 17, 1839) died when he was four years old, and his brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 - May 12, 1842) died three years later. Another older brother, Pleasant (1828 - 1829), only lived three months before Samuel was born. In addition to his older siblings, Samuel had one younger brother, Henry Clemens (July 13, 1838 - June 21, 1858). [7] When Samuel was four, his family moved to Hannibal,[8] a port town on the Mississippi River that would serve as the inspiration for the fictional town of St. Petersburg in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.[9] At that time, Missouri was a slave state in the union and young Samuel became familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he later explored in his writing. Samuel Clemens was colorblind, a condition that fueled his witty banter in the social circles of the day.[citation needed] In March of 1847 when Samuel was eleven, his father died of pneumonia.[citation needed] The following year, he became a printer"s apprentice. In 1851 he began working as a typesetter and contributor of articles and humorous sketches for the Hannibal Journal, a newspaper owned by his older brother, Orion. When he was eighteen, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. At twenty-two, Clemens returned to Missouri. On a voyage to New Orleans down the Mississippi, the steamboat pilot, "Bixby", inspired Clemens to pursue a career as a steamboat pilot, the third highest paying profession in America at the time, earning $250 per month ($155,000 today). Because the steamboats at the time were constructed of very dry flammable wood, no lamps were allowed, making night travel a precarious endeavor. A steamboat pilot needed a vast knowledge of the ever-changing river to be able to stop at any of the hundreds of ports and wood-lots along the river banks. Clemens meticulously studied two thousand miles of the Mississippi for more than two years until he finally received his steamboat pilot license in 1859. While training for his pilot"s license, Samuel convinced his younger brother Henry Clemens to work with him on the Mississippi. Henry was killed on June 21, 1858 when the steamboat he was working on exploded. Samuel was guilt-stricken over his brother"s death and held himself responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and served as a river pilot until the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and traffic along the Mississippi was curtailed. Travels and family Missouri was a slave state and considered by many to be part of the South, but it did not join the Confederacy. When the war began, Clemens and his friends formed a Confederate militia (depicted in an 1885 short story, "The Private History of a Campaign That Failed"), and joined a battle where a man was killed. Clemens found he could not bear to kill a man, and deserted. His friends joined the Confederate Army; Clemens joined his brother, Orion, who had been appointed secretary to the territorial governor of Nevada, and headed west. Clemens and his brother traveled for more than two weeks on a stagecoach across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains. They visited the Mormon community in Salt Lake City. These experiences became the basis of the book Roughing It, and provided material for The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. Clemens" journey ended in the silver-mining town of Virginia City, Nevada where he became a miner. After failing as a miner, Clemens worked at a Virginia City newspaper, the Territorial Enterprise. On February 3, 1863, he signed a humorous travel account "LETTER FROM CARSON - re: Joe Goodman; party at Gov. Johnson"s; music" with "Mark Twain".[10] Clemens then traveled to San Francisco, California, where he continued as a journalist and began lecturing. He met other writers such as Bret Harte, Artemus Ward and Dan DeQuille. An assignment in Hawaii became the basis for his first lectures. In 1867, a local newspaper funded a steamboat trip to the Mediterranean. During his tour of Europe and the Middle East he wrote a popular collection of travel letters which were compiled as The Innocents Abroad in 1869. He also met Charles Langdon, and saw a picture of Langdon"s sister Olivia. Clemens claimed to have fallen in love at first sight. They met in 1868, were engaged a year later, and married in February 1870 in Elmira, New York. Olivia gave birth to a son, Langdon, who died of diphtheria after 19 months. In 1871 Clemens moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut. There Olivia gave birth to three daughters: Susy, Clara, and Jean. Clemens also became good friends with fellow author William Dean Howells. Clemens made a second tour of Europe, described in the 1880 book, A Tramp Abroad. He returned to America in 1900, having paid off his debts to his old firm. The Clemens" marriage lasted 34 years until Olivia"s death in 1904. In 1906 Clemens began his autobiography in the North American Review. Oxford University issued him a Doctorate of Literature a year later. Clemens outlived Jean and Susy. He passed through a period of deep depression, which began in 1896 when his favorite daughter Susy died of meningitis. Olivia"s death in 1904 and Jean"s death on December 24, 1909 deepened his gloom.[11]2023-07-16 14:38:001
出国留学需要打疫苗的问题
没有关系的 我出国的时候都没有去检查身体.其他人都有健康检查证书,但是我没有你那个小问题因该没有关系的.2023-07-16 14:38:082
关于狗拉雪橇大赛历史等的英文介绍
Susan Butcher On The Iditarod Trail在寒冷的阿拉斯加州有一项狗拉雪橇的赛事,全长达1000公里,被认为是世界上最艰难的比赛。此项赛事源于1952年。这一年在诺姆地区流行白喉症,需要从700英里以外的Anchorage取回药品。当时唯一可行的办法是用狗拉雪橇一站一站的传递。在途中,有一个小镇叫伊迪塔洛。狗拉雪橇比赛就以此镇命名。 苏姗.布彻于1978年开始参加此项比赛,直到1900年为止,12年间创造了一个又一个记录,次次夺得冠军。她的力量、耐力和拼搏精神使她成为此项赛事的顶尖明星。 以下为正文 An hour into the race, Susan Butcher and her sled dog team speeded dowm a hill, skidded off the trail,and crashed into a fallen tree.With a hurt shoulder ,Susan untangled her sled and team of Alaskan husky dogs and continued the grueling race across the frozen Alsakan wilderness.It was the fourth year she had run this race,known as the lditarod,and she wanted very much to win it. The history of the lditarod goes back to 1925 when a doctor in Nome,Alaskan,was desperately in need of medicine to stop the spread of a deadly disease called diphtheria.Only a hospital in Anchorage ,700miles away ,had the supplies he needed.But it was January,too dangerous to send a boat across the frozen Bering Sea and too stormy for his tiny airplane .The only hope was to use sled dog teames following an old native trail through the mountains and tundra .The medicine was passed from one man and his sled team to another along the trail .It was named lditarod after and temperatures as cold as 60 degrees below zero ,did not stop them ,and the midicine was delivered in record time.Most of the lditarod Trail Sled Dog Race follows the route of the famous medicine run.It is over 1000 miles long,and is considered the toughest race in the world ,In 1978 Susan entered it for the first time .husky:(在北极用于拖雪橇的)爱斯基摩狗Iditarod:(地名)伊迪塔洛(美国阿拉斯加州的一个小镇)diphtheria:白喉症tundra:北极及北极附近地区的冻原,苔原;冻土层叙述历史的就这些,希望有帮助2023-07-16 14:38:252
求马克吐温的《卡拉维拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》译文
实在是不好找,如果你很需要,可以提高悬赏分,容易引起别人的注意http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_TwainSamuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),[1] better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American humorist, satirist, writer, and lecturer. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. He is also known for his quotations.[2][3] Clemens was a well known author in the United States, a popular comedian and monologist, and friend to presidents, artists, leading industrialists, and European royalty. Mark Twain"s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been called a Great American Novel.[4] Clemens enjoyed immense public popularity and his keen wit and incisive satire earned him praise from both critics and peers. American author William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature."[5] Youth Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835, to Tennessee country merchant, John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 - March 24, 1847), and Jane Lampton Clemens (June 18, 1803 - October 27, 1890).[6] He was the sixth of John and Jane"s seven children. Only two of his siblings survived childhood, his brother Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 - December 11, 1897 and sister Pamela (September 19, 1827 - August 31, 1904). His sister Margaret (May 31, 1830 - August 17, 1839) died when he was four years old, and his brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 - May 12, 1842) died three years later. Another older brother, Pleasant (1828 - 1829), only lived three months before Samuel was born. In addition to his older siblings, Samuel had one younger brother, Henry Clemens (July 13, 1838 - June 21, 1858). [7] When Samuel was four, his family moved to Hannibal,[8] a port town on the Mississippi River that would serve as the inspiration for the fictional town of St. Petersburg in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.[9] At that time, Missouri was a slave state in the union and young Samuel became familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he later explored in his writing. Samuel Clemens was colorblind, a condition that fueled his witty banter in the social circles of the day.[citation needed] In March of 1847 when Samuel was eleven, his father died of pneumonia.[citation needed] The following year, he became a printer"s apprentice. In 1851 he began working as a typesetter and contributor of articles and humorous sketches for the Hannibal Journal, a newspaper owned by his older brother, Orion. When he was eighteen, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. At twenty-two, Clemens returned to Missouri. On a voyage to New Orleans down the Mississippi, the steamboat pilot, "Bixby", inspired Clemens to pursue a career as a steamboat pilot, the third highest paying profession in America at the time, earning $250 per month ($155,000 today). Because the steamboats at the time were constructed of very dry flammable wood, no lamps were allowed, making night travel a precarious endeavor. A steamboat pilot needed a vast knowledge of the ever-changing river to be able to stop at any of the hundreds of ports and wood-lots along the river banks. Clemens meticulously studied two thousand miles of the Mississippi for more than two years until he finally received his steamboat pilot license in 1859. While training for his pilot"s license, Samuel convinced his younger brother Henry Clemens to work with him on the Mississippi. Henry was killed on June 21, 1858 when the steamboat he was working on exploded. Samuel was guilt-stricken over his brother"s death and held himself responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and served as a river pilot until the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and traffic along the Mississippi was curtailed. Travels and family Missouri was a slave state and considered by many to be part of the South, but it did not join the Confederacy. When the war began, Clemens and his friends formed a Confederate militia (depicted in an 1885 short story, "The Private History of a Campaign That Failed"), and joined a battle where a man was killed. Clemens found he could not bear to kill a man, and deserted. His friends joined the Confederate Army; Clemens joined his brother, Orion, who had been appointed secretary to the territorial governor of Nevada, and headed west. Clemens and his brother traveled for more than two weeks on a stagecoach across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains. They visited the Mormon community in Salt Lake City. These experiences became the basis of the book Roughing It, and provided material for The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. Clemens" journey ended in the silver-mining town of Virginia City, Nevada where he became a miner. After failing as a miner, Clemens worked at a Virginia City newspaper, the Territorial Enterprise. On February 3, 1863, he signed a humorous travel account "LETTER FROM CARSON - re: Joe Goodman; party at Gov. Johnson"s; music" with "Mark Twain".[10] Clemens then traveled to San Francisco, California, where he continued as a journalist and began lecturing. He met other writers such as Bret Harte, Artemus Ward and Dan DeQuille. An assignment in Hawaii became the basis for his first lectures. In 1867, a local newspaper funded a steamboat trip to the Mediterranean. During his tour of Europe and the Middle East he wrote a popular collection of travel letters which were compiled as The Innocents Abroad in 1869. He also met Charles Langdon, and saw a picture of Langdon"s sister Olivia. Clemens claimed to have fallen in love at first sight. They met in 1868, were engaged a year later, and married in February 1870 in Elmira, New York. Olivia gave birth to a son, Langdon, who died of diphtheria after 19 months. In 1871 Clemens moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut. There Olivia gave birth to three daughters: Susy, Clara, and Jean. Clemens also became good friends with fellow author William Dean Howells. Clemens made a second tour of Europe, described in the 1880 book, A Tramp Abroad. He returned to America in 1900, having paid off his debts to his old firm. The Clemens" marriage lasted 34 years until Olivia"s death in 1904. In 1906 Clemens began his autobiography in the North American Review. Oxford University issued him a Doctorate of Literature a year later. Clemens outlived Jean and Susy. He passed through a period of deep depression, which began in 1896 when his favorite daughter Susy died of meningitis. Olivia"s death in 1904 and Jean"s death on December 24, 1909 deepened his gloom.[11]2023-07-16 14:38:342
南加大出国前要求体检了吗
留学人员赴国外学习,除个别国家不需申办签证外,绝大多数国家均需提前向各驻华使领馆申办入境签证。而签证是控制上述疾病患者入境最有效的关口,因此不少国家都规定,申请签证除需入学通知书或邀请信、经费资助证明外,还要提供体检证明。 如法国、德国、南美国家,俄罗斯,东欧国家等对自费留学生都有这种要求。加拿大、新西兰、澳大利亚则不管是公派还是自费都要提供。 比如根据美国法律,所有新生都必须提供完整的疫苗纪录才能上课,没有按照学校要求提供疫苗记录则不被允许进入校园。同时,如果学校被查到学生未提供完整的疫苗记录,还有可能要承担法律责任,这也体现了美国对于人身安全的重视程度。 出国体检须注意什么? 经常有留学生因为太过兴奋忘记了体检,没有留出足够的时间,来不及办全相关体检和预防接种项目,只能出国后再接种疫苗,而国外接种费用较昂贵,一般注射前需要体检。 例如美国的体检费为500美金左右,每针疫苗为100-200美金不等。并且国际学生购买的健康保险并不对疫苗负责。在学生初次进入美国国境,单枪匹马应对如此复杂的事项,难度颇大。 因此,出境前务必在体检和疫苗事项上提高警惕,做好充分的准备。如此不仅多花了冤枉钱,还耽误了入学时间,真的很不划算。 所以建议大家可以取得目的国的签证后,先要在各地卫生检疫局进行出国人员身体健康检查,最长一周时间可拿到国际旅行健康证书和黄皮书。去体检时要带上身份证,护照,两寸照片两张及费用。去时要空腹,尽量早去。 出国体检要哪些项目? 一般来说,如果学校没有特殊的疫苗要求,所有的留学生至少都需要去国际旅行健康中心做健康体检,体检项目包括:X 光检查、心电图、血液检查、全身检查和免疫注射(默认打两针,MMR 和白喉破伤风)。 体检完成后国际旅行健康中心根据体检情况出具健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了您的体检信息,另外一本国际疫苗接种证明(俗称的小黄本),里面记录了您打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 1.MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella):麻腮风联合疫苗。即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2.DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus):百白破联合疫苗。 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。 3.Hepatitis B:乙肝疫苗。这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。2023-07-16 14:39:071
toxic 翻译过来是什么意思?
有毒的2023-07-16 14:39:175
Mathilda是什么意思
释义:Mathilda是玛蒂尔达(女子名,亦作 Matilda),来源于日耳曼语,含义是“战斗+量”(battle+might)。名词特点:思维敏捷,多才多艺,表达能力很强。很容易适应新环境。喜欢新的经历。能给人留下很好的第一印象。适合干推销或娱乐行业。做事拖拉。没有耐心。例句:1、In order to protect Mathilda and other children, the doctor must know clearly whether she got diphtheria.为了保护马蒂尔达及其他孩子,医生必须弄清她是否患了白喉。2、Mathilda. I"m glad you Dongt have a stomachache anymore.玛蒂尔达,恭喜你胃病好了。扩展资料Matilda是Matilde这个名字的变体,源于日耳曼语,这个名字的意思是“强者”、“战斗的人”。这是一个通过诺曼底人传递到英国的名字,在十五世纪之前使用广泛。之后它的受欢迎程度急剧下降,从十九世纪开始再次上升。目前这不是一个非常普遍的名字,但人们仍会给女孩起名为Matilda。名为Matilda的女孩外向并且善于交际。她们有与人交往的天赋,非常开放,是其朋友的挚友。非常慷慨和忠诚,总是被人所包围。这个名字的女性都很强大,能够为其他人带来最大的快乐。她们是拥有许多计划、抱负、梦想和观点的女性。2023-07-16 14:39:341
美国留学,请问需要打哪些疫苗呢?
留学美国需要打以下几种1. 白喉,破伤风,百日咳疫苗;2. 百白破疫苗(补强针);3. 小儿麻痹疫苗,又称脊髓灰质炎疫苗;4. 麻疹, 腮腺炎, 麻风腮混合疫苗;5、乙肝疫苗;6、水痘疫苗;7、流行性脑膜炎疫苗;8、人类乳突病毒;9、肺结核检查等。2023-07-16 14:39:493
美国留学接种疫苗的相关问题解析
很多美国学校8月份就开学了,准留学生们可能已经拿到签证开始准备赴美行程了。为了出国,除了体检要挨上一两针,还有一项就是接种疫苗,而关于疫苗,同学们可能会经常问到一些问题,下面让我们看看86针对这些常问问题的解答。 我需要打疫苗吗? 疫苗相关接种要求一般都可以在学校网页上或者邮件中查到,大家在去体检和接种疫苗之前,一定要仔细确认学校对这方面的要求。国内接种疫苗很方便且较国外便宜,时间允许的情况下,还是建议在国内接种完。 学校只要求我打疫苗,没有要求体检,那我可以不体检么? 出境的时候会有部分几率被抽查体检是否合格,这种几率比较小,不过体检做了也没坏处,建议这步就不要省了,而且很多省市的旅行健康中心规定打疫苗前都需要做体检。 应该去哪里打疫苗呢? 一般大家的首选都是当地的国际旅行健康中心。因为那里是一条龙服务,打疫苗之前必须要先做体检,做完之后会给你国际旅行健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了你的体检信息。打完疫苗之后还会给你一本国际疫苗接种证明(俗称的小黄本),里面记录了你打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 去国际旅行健康中心需要带什么呢? 一般需要携带的东西有: 1. 护照或者身份证 2. 2寸免冠照4张(1张贴在小红本上,1张贴在小黄本上,1张贴在中心发给你的体检申请表上,1张备用) 3. 学校发的疫苗注射表格 4. 个人疫苗注射记录(比如儿时的疫苗注射凭证,因为可以抄几个疫苗到小黄本上,证明你打过了) 我可以不在国际旅行健康中心打疫苗,体检么? 因为学校只要求完成那张疫苗注射表格。所以有的同学会问,我可不可以随便找个医院,打完之后让医生签字盖章呢?这里要注意的是,即便那些医院可以为你完成注射及签字盖章的工作,他们也是没法出具小黄本和小红本的。而只有小黄本是国际疫苗接种证明。所以还是建议去国际旅行健康中心。 一般都需要打哪些疫苗呢? 国际旅行健康中心的医生会根据学校提供的表格,为你选择注射疫苗的种类。他们很专业,所以不用担心。常见的疫苗有: 1、麻腮风联合疫苗:MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella),即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2、百白破联合疫苗:DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus),即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。有的学生在上海打的是精百破,是对百日咳和破伤风的加强。 3、乙肝疫苗:Hepatitis B,这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。 同一天里打多种疫苗有没有危险性呢? 只要遵医嘱,就不会有危险,要相信医生的专业度。目前所知道的是MMR可以和乙肝一起打(包括它们对应的第二针,也可以同时打)。具体可参照尚元生物微信平台往期文章《疫苗可同时接种几种》。 MMR的两针我可以在不同的城市打么? 疫苗可以在不同城市的国际旅行健康中心打,也可以去美国打。(北京和平里医师提供的信息)MMR第二针可以在不同的平级国际卫生机构打,然后让他们签字盖章出证明(小黄本)。MMR也可以选择在医院打,但是需要医院出示证明,之后还是需要去具有出示国际证明的机构认证,签字盖章出证明(小黄本)。另外,章可以盖在同一小黄本上。 (举例来说:第一针在北京和平里打,第二针在上海打,这样是可以的)注:换了一个国际旅行健康中心之后,只要你带着体检的小红本,一般就不需要再次体检了。不过要注意的是,小红本的有效期是一年。 可不可以一针在国内打,一针去国外打?(间隔一个月的话,时间不够用了) 可以的。 国际旅行健康中心会把你每一针的牌子都登记在小黄本上的,对方可以参照这个打,一般不会有问题的。2023-07-16 14:39:561
通过空调冷却水传播最常见的细菌是什么
通过空调冷却水传播最常见的细菌是棒状杆菌。棒状杆菌属指的是革兰氏染色阳性杆菌。因其成员的一端或两端膨大呈棒状而得名。多形态,排列不规则,常呈栅栏状或V字状等;染色不均匀,两端有着色较深的异染颗粒。无芽孢,大多数菌株无动力。扩展资料:棒状杆菌需氧或兼性厌氧,营养要求特殊,DNA中的G+C克分子含量为52~68%。胞壁多糖主要是阿拉伯糖和半乳糖。与分枝杆菌属、奴卡氏菌属和放线菌属相似,有交叉反应。分类学上认为本属与放线菌属关系尤为密切。棒状杆菌属细菌种类较多,其中白喉棒状杆菌(C.diphiheriae)致病性强,可引起白喉(diphtheria)。此外,还有假白喉棒状杆菌、结膜干燥棒状杆菌、阴道棒状杆菌、痤疮棒状杆菌等。参考资料来源:百度百科-棒状杆菌2023-07-16 14:40:061
打了百白破会兴奋或烦燥吗?打完百白破后有什么症状
一般在人体接种完疫苗后,自身会对疫苗有一些排斥的反应,但是慢慢的会好转。那么,打了百白破会兴奋或烦燥吗?打完百白破后有什么症状? 打了百白破会兴奋或烦燥吗 是正常的反应,不用担心,多喝开水,注意保暖,很快就好了! 绝大多数儿童在接种疫苗后出现的不良反应为常见的轻微反应,是由疫苗特有性质引起的反应,不会造成生理或功能障碍。这种反应可分为局部反应和全身反应两种。 局部反应可表现为红肿、疼痛和硬结,一般不需特殊处理,大多数儿童经适当休息即可恢复正常。较重的局部反应可用干净的毛巾热敷,每日数次,每次10——15分钟,能帮助消肿和减轻疼痛。个别严重的红肿、疼痛反应可酌给小剂量镇痛退热药。 全身反应包括发热及其他反应,如烦躁不安、身体不适、精神不佳和食欲减退等。单纯发热而体温不高,只要加强观察,一般不需任何处理。必要时应适当休息,多喝开水,注意保暖,防止继发其他疾病。高热、头痛可给解热镇痛药。出现其他全身反应时,应加强观察,防止继发感染。全身反应严重的,要做对症治疗。退热剂除可退热外,对头痛、头昏、全身倦怠和烦躁不安也有效果。恶心、呕吐应用止吐剂,或给予维生素B;胃痛、腹痛者可服颠茄合剂;腹泻者一般不使用抗生素,可服用吸附与收敛药。 打完百白破后有什么症状 百白破疫苗接种的一般反应 主要来自百日咳所含的菌体成分。接种未吸附疫苗 12-24小时,局部可有红肿、疼痛、发痒,个别人注射后注射侧腋下淋巴结肿大;接种含有吸附剂的疫苗,注射局部可形成硬结或无菌性脓肿。偶见皮疹及血管神经性水肿。全身反应主要是出现微热,尤其是接种未吸附疫苗更为常见,但接种后48小时可恢复正常。在发热的同时还可伴有倦怠、嗜睡、烦躁不安等短暂症状。 百白破疫苗接种后的异常反应,也主要与疫苗中的百日咳成分有关。极个别可能发生过敏反应,或惊厥、抽搐、尖声哭叫等神经系统并发症。但是,这类异常反应的发生率极低,并不影响免疫接种方针的推行。已知对该疫苗的任何成分过敏者:患急性传染病、严重慢性疾病、慢性疾病的急性发作期和发热者;患脑病、未控制的癫痫和其他进行性神经系统疾病者;注射百日咳、白喉、破伤风疫苗后发生神经系统反应者。家族和个人有惊厥史、患慢性疾病者,有癫痫史者,过敏体质者慎用。接种第一针或第二针后如出现严重反应 (如休克、高热、尖叫、抽搐等),应停止以后针次的接种。 百白破疫苗的种类与区别 无细胞百白破(acellularpertussis,diphtheiaandtetanus,APDT)疫苗与全细胞百白破(whole-cellpertussis,diphtheria,andtetanus,WPDT)疫苗(吸附百白破疫苗)。 APDT与WPDT的对比: 1、相同点:均可有效预防儿童百日咳、白喉、破伤风疾病;免疫程序(针次、间隔时间、接种剂量〉相同;有效抗原(PT、FRA、DT、TT)相同。 2、不同点:全细胞百白破疫苗(WPDT):由百日咳全菌体疫苗配制,除含有有效成份外还含有多种引起副反应的有害成份如脂多糖等,预防接种后副反应较多、较严重,给儿童的日常生活带来苦恼,曾有极为罕见的脑神经病变的病例报导。无细胞百白破疫苗(APDT):配制时去除百日咳全菌体疫苗中的有害成份(如脂多糖等),保持免疫效果的同时,降低其严重的反应;无脑神经病变的报导;更具安全性、没有毒性逆转。3、副作用比较: 全细胞:发热29.7%红肿60.8%硬结26.0%无菌化脓0.87% 无细胞:发热2.7%红肿15.4%硬结7.3%无菌化脓无 4、结论:APDT制剂经小范围到大面积,共十余万名婴幼儿接种及临床反应观察,未发现严重异常反应,证明该制品是安全的;APDT具有良好的免疫原性,基础免疫一个月后、加强免疫后,4种抗体水平均超过百日咳、自喉、破伤风菌感染的有效保护水平。2023-07-16 14:40:131
澳洲留学体检项目的具体介绍
去澳洲留学,并不是拿到offer就没事儿了,还有一件很重要的事情需要你尽快办理,那是什么呢?就是签证,办理签证需要准备很多的资料,其中一项就是体检证明。那么,澳洲留学体检有哪些项目呢?下面就跟86我简单的了解一下。 澳洲留学体检项目有: 一般来说,如果学校没有特殊的疫苗要求,所有的留学生至少都需要去国际旅行健康中心做健康体检,体检项目包括:X 光检查、心电图、血液检查、全身检查和免疫注射(默认打两针,MMR 和白喉破伤风)。 体检完成后国际旅行健康中心根据体检情况出具健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了您的体检信息,另外一本国际疫苗接种证明(俗称的小黄本),里面记录了您打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 1.MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella):麻腮风联合疫苗。即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2.DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus):百白破联合疫苗。 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。 3.Hepatitis B:乙肝疫苗。这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。 以上就是有关澳洲留学体检有哪些项目的相关内容介绍,86专家提醒,出境前务必在体检和疫苗事项上提高警惕,做好充分的准备。如此不仅多花了冤枉钱,还耽误了入学时间,真的很不划算。2023-07-16 14:40:211
出国上大学不打麻腮风疫苗行吗
出国留学接种疫苗常见问题解答 1. 我需要打疫苗么? 如果学校给你寄了类似疫苗注射表格(Immunization Form)的东西的话,你就需要按照上面的要求注射相应的疫苗.一般大家都是在国内打的,因为国内相对而言还是便宜.当然,如果你的学校可以免费给你打,你当然也可以出去了之后再打. 2.我应该到哪里去打疫苗,做体检呢? 一般大家的首选都是当地的国际旅行健康中心.因为那里是一条龙服务,你打疫苗之前必须要先做体检,做完之后会给你上面提到过的国际旅行健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了你的体检信息.打完疫苗之后还会给你一本国际疫苗接种证明,里面记录了你打过的疫苗及信息. 但是有的同学会抱怨说国际旅行健康中心的收费太贵,希望去医院里打疫苗,做体检. 3. 去国际旅行健康中心需要带些什么东西呢? 一般需要携带的东西有: 护照,身份证 2寸免冠照4张(1张贴在小红本上,1张贴在小黄本上,1张贴在中心发给你的体检申请表上,1张备用) 学校发的疫苗注射表格 个人疫苗注射记录(比如儿时的疫苗注射凭证,因为可以抄几个疫苗到小黄本上,证明你打过了) 4. 我可以不在国际旅行健康中心打疫苗,体检么? 因为学校只要求完成那张疫苗注射表格.所以有的同学会问,我可不可以随便找个医院,打完之后让医生签字盖章呢?这里要注意的是,即便那些医院可以为你完成注射及签字盖章的工作,他们也是没法出具小黄本和小红本的.而只有小黄本是国际疫苗接种证明.所以请大家自己斟酌吧. 5. 如果是在其他医院打的疫苗,他们没有小黄本,我可以到国际旅行健康中心来开小黄本么? 关于这个问题我和小籁版主分别咨询过上海和北京的国际旅行健康中心,得到的回复是需要带上注射证明,然后估计交点手续费什么就行了. 其次,如果你以前在其他医院(例如校医院)打过疫苗,并且保留着医院开具的接种疫苗的记录和具体的时间,那么北京国际旅行卫生保健中心会给你办理证明,证明你以前打过这个疫苗。那么你在其他医院打的疫苗的记录就会转移到上面提到的北京国际旅行卫生保健中心的黄色的接种卡上。并且北京国际旅行卫生保健中心会把相关的打疫苗的信息填写到美国学校所要求的疫苗接种历史的表格里,并盖章。这个同样可以带到美国,美国学校承认。 注: 需要注意的是,我问过上海的国际旅行健康中心,他们说不会给其他地方的体检证明开具小红本. 6. 一般都需要打哪些疫苗呢? 国际旅行健康中心的医生会根据学校提供的表格,为你选择注射疫苗的种类.他们很专业,所以不用担心. 常见的疫苗有: MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella): 麻腮风联合疫苗. 即麻疹,腮腺炎,风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针.第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射. DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus): 百白破联合疫苗. 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗.一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗.但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右.所以我们一般还是要再打一针加强针的.而我在上海打的是精百破,是对百日咳和破伤风的加强,白喉好像是终生免疫的. Hepatitis B: 乙肝疫苗.这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年.所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来).如果没有的话,需要重新注射.乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针.第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月. BCG: 卡介苗 Poliomyelitis: 脊髓灰质炎 (这两个我们小时都打过,当时医生就给我把小时候的接种证明给登陆到小黄本上了,不过学校没有要求,我想大概是多多益善吧...) Meningitis: 流恼 Japanese encephalitis: 乙脑 7. 同一天里打多种疫苗有没有危险性呢? 只要遵医嘱,就不会有危险.要相信医生的专业度.目前我所知道的是MMR可以和乙肝一起打(包括它们对应的第二针,也可以同时打),其他的希望大家可以补充. 8. MMR的两针我可以在不同的城市打么?如果换了一个国际旅行健康中心,我需要再次体检么? 疫苗可以在不同城市的国际旅行健康中心打,也可以去美国打. 根据小籁版主提供: 问了关于MMR的第二针~~ 1 要是在要求的时间已经在美国的话,就选择在学校那边打第二针 2 要是离开北京的话,可以去平级的检疫中心去打第二针,同时外文表表与黄色本上的签名与盖章都由最后的检疫中心盖章 注: 换了一个国际旅行健康中心之后,只要你带着体检的小红本,一般就不需要再次体检了.不过要注意的是,体检的有效期一般是半年.2023-07-16 14:40:391
马克吐温的生平简介,要英文的
l835uff5e19102023-07-16 14:41:012
加拿大留学体检那些事儿
2017年入学将至,准备出国留学的你是否已经万事俱备了呢?如果说收拾行李是小事儿,那么出国留学体检这件事儿可千万不能忘记哟。下面就来为打大家介绍加拿大留学体检那些事儿。 第一次出国留学的同学都被要求出示国际旅行健康证明,很多同学也疑惑疫苗接种或预防措施国际证书具体是什么类型的证书。首先,来个名词解释:小红本&小黄本。 小红本:国际旅行健康检查证明书 证明“本次体检未发现患有可能对公共卫生造成重大危害的传染病”——来自小红本最后一页的“结论” 小黄本:疫苗接种或预防措施国际证书 上面会有全部疫苗接种记录这两个本据说是过海关的时候可能被抽查,所以,虽然麻烦又花大笔银子,还是有必要办理的。必须去指定单位体检,普通医院或防疫单位不颁发。 出国留学前的体检主要分为两个部分: 第一部分:身体各项功能的常规检查,主要是让出国的学生了解自己的身体状况。 第二部分:根据检查结果来接种相关要求的疫苗,不同的国家要求接种的疫苗都是不一样的,须看清楚要求。 关于出国留学体检问题的问答: 问:我需要做哪些体检项目?我需要打什么疫苗? 答:一般来说,如果学校没有特殊的疫苗要求,所有的留学生至少都需要去国际旅行健康中心做健康体检,体检项目包括:X 光检查、心电图、血液检查、全身检查和免疫注射(默认打两针,MMR 和白喉破伤风)。体检完成后国际旅行健康中心根据体检情况出具健康证书(俗称的小红本),里面记录了您的体检信息,另外一本国际疫苗接种证明(俗称的小黄本),里面记录了您打过的疫苗及信息。红本的有效期是一年,黄本没有时间限制。 但是很多学校有另外的疫苗要求,具体要求可以在学校的网站查询到,或者有的学校会将疫苗要求表格连同录取文件直接寄送给学生。如有相关要求,务必将学校要求的疫苗表格一起带到国际旅行健康中心,国际旅行健康中心的医生会根据学校提供的表格为你选择注射疫苗的种类(疫苗表格一般是英文的,国际旅行健康中心的医生很专业,不用另外携带翻译件)。 常见的疫苗有: 1.MMR (Measles,Mumps,Rubella):麻腮风联合疫苗。即麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹三位一体的疫苗,共需注射两针,第二针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月注射。所以希望所有需注射疫苗的同学要提前准备。 2.DPT (Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus):百白破联合疫苗。 即百日咳、白喉和破伤风的联合疫苗。一般我们小时候都打过百白破联合疫苗。但是百白破联合疫苗不是终生有效的,一般有效期是10年左右。所以一般还要再打一针加强针即可。 3.Hepatitis B:乙肝疫苗。这个我们小时候也打过,不过乙肝疫苗同样是有有效期的,一般为10~15年。所以过了有效期,我们体内的乙肝抗体可能就没了(有没有可以通过体检检出来)。如果没有的话,需要重新注射。乙肝疫苗需要注射三针,后两针为加强针。第二针需与第一针间隔1个月,第三针需与第一针间隔6个月。 问:疫苗可以在不同的城市注射吗?因为时间比较紧,能不能先在国内打一针,剩下的部分在境外打? 答:没有问题,可以在不同的城市接种疫苗,如时间紧急不能在要求的间隔时间内完成就必须出境,则建议先在国内注射第一针,剩余的在境外完成。国际旅行健康中心会把注射时间和注射疫苗种类都登记在小黄本上,对方可以参照这个打。 问:去哪里体检?去哪里注射疫苗? 答:学生需要前往各省的国际旅行健康中心去体检和注射疫苗,不可以随意选择医院进行体检和注射疫苗。如学生本人不在本地,可以选择跨省的国际旅行健康中心。 问:学校只要求我打疫苗,没有要求体检,那我可以不体检么? 答:在学生进入国境过海关时,有可能会被抽查体检是否合格。这种几率虽然比较小,不过体检做了也没坏处,建议这步就不要省了,而且很多省市的旅行健康中心规定打疫苗前都需要做体检。 问:去体现需要携带什么材料? 答:建议携带以下材料: 1)2寸彩色照片3张 2)儿童免疫接种证(如丢失,建议补办) 3)证件:份证/护照(两个带一个就可以了,但是最好记一下自己的护照号码,推荐带一根笔) 4)体检费:具体以体检中心的实际收费为准。 问:体检前的注意事项有哪些? 比如是否需要预约?是否需要空腹? 答: 建议体检之前先预约,至少两天预约,会省去之后很多排队之苦。预约后还要打印预约单(各地情况不一致),体检当天带去。体检一般需要耗费2小时左右的时间,高峰期可能延长,需要注意的是,各地的国际旅行健康中心一般超过11点不再受理当日的体检申请。 问: 体检结果多长时间可以拿到?何时可以拿到小黄本和小红本? 答:在体检结果全部正常、提交的资料完整的前提下,一般在体检后的3个工作日可以领取。具体情况需要参照体检回执单上标明的具体时间、地点领取体检结果。 问: 如果体检结果还没出来,可以去签证吗? 答:可以,美国的学生签证不对体检做要求,学生可以选择在签证之前进行体检,也可以选择在签证之后进行,但是尽可能早作安排,避免不必要的麻烦。2023-07-16 14:41:151