小菜G-
一、外国人赴华须申办中国签证
Foreigners must apply for Chinese visa when they go to China
签证是一国政府授权机关依照本国法律法规，为申请入、出或过境本国的外国人颁发的一种许可证明。中创侨智系统整理，为更多来华客户提供更全面的政策服务信息。根据国际法及国际惯例，任何一个主权国家，有权自主决定是否允许外国人入出其国（边）境，依照本国法律发给签证、拒发签证或吊销已经签发的签证。
Visa is a kind of permit issued by a government authorized authority in accordance with its laws and regulations for foreigners applying for entry, exit or transit. OTGEO.COM systematizes and provides more comprehensive policy service information for more customers coming to China. According to international law and international practice, any sovereign country has the right to decide whether to allow foreigners to enter or leave its country (border), issue visa, refuse to issue visa or cancel visa already issued according to its own law.
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理条例》自2013年9月1日起实施。根据《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》和条例规定，外国人申请办理签证，应当向驻外签证机关提交本人的护照或者其他国际旅行证件，以及与赴华事由相关的申请材料，按照驻外签证机关的要求办理相关手续、接受面谈。中创侨智提醒您，签证机关根据中国法律和相关规定，决定颁发签证的种类、次数、有效期和停留期，有权拒绝颁发签证或吊销已经签发的签证。
The regulations of the people"s Republic of China on the administration of the entry and exit of foreigners came into effect on September 1, 2013. According to the law of the people"s Republic of China on the administration of exit and entry and the regulations, when applying for a visa, an alien shall submit his or her passport or other international travel documents to the visa authorities stationed abroad, as well as the application materials related to the reasons for going to China, and go through the relevant procedures and accept interviews according to the requirements of the visa authorities stationed abroad. OTGEO.COM reminds you that the visa authority, in accordance with Chinese laws and relevant regulations, decides the type, frequency, validity and stay period of a visa, and has the right to refuse to issue a visa or to revoke a visa that has been issued.
除按有关协议、规定免办签证等情况外，外国人在入境中国前需申请并办妥中国签证。赴华前，应检查签证是否有效。如签证过期或入境次数不足，应重新申请签证。下图为中创侨智为大家整理的签证样张，如图所示：
In addition to visa exemption in accordance with relevant agreements and regulations, foreigners need to apply for and complete a Chinese visa before entering China. Before you go to China, you should check whether the visa is valid. If the visa is expired or the number of entry is insufficient, the visa should be re applied. The following figure shows the sample visa sheet prepared by OTGEO.COM, as shown in the figure:
二、中国签证种类
Types of Chinese visa
许多朋友在来华之前，不知道自己该申请何种签证？中创侨智为大家做了详细分类：中国签证种类分为外交签证、礼遇签证、公务签证、普通签证。普通签证主要分为以下类别（在签证上标明相应的汉语拼音字母，请点击种类，访问相应签证须知）：
Many friends don"t know what kind of visa they should apply for before they come to China? OTGEO.COM has made a detailed classification for you: Chinese visa types are divided into diplomatic visa, Courtesy visa, official visa and ordinary visa. Ordinary visa is mainly divided into the following categories (indicate the corresponding Chinese phonetic alphabet on the visa, please click on the category to access the corresponding visa instructions):
中国签证——L字签证（赴中国旅游人员Tourists to China）
中国签证——M字签证（赴中国进行商业贸易活动的人员People who go to China for business and trade activities）
中国签证——Z字签证（在中国境内工作的人员Personnel working in China）
中国签证——C字签证（执行乘务、航空、航运任务的国际列车乘务员、国际航空器机组人员、国际航行船舶的船员及船员随行家属和从事国际道路运输的汽车驾驶员International train crew members, international aircraft crew members, crew members of international navigation ships and their accompanying family members, and automobile drivers engaged in international road transportation）
中国签证——D字签证（境外申请中国永居）（赴中国永久居留的人员Permanent resident in China）
中国签证——F字签证（赴中国从事交流、访问、考察等活动的人员Personnel who go to China to engage in exchange, visit, investigation and other activities）
中国签证——G字签证（经中国过境的人员People in transit through China）
中国签证——R字签证（中国需要的外国高层次人才和急需紧缺专门人才China needs foreign high-level talents and urgently needs specialized talents）
中国签证——J1、J2字签证（J1常驻（居留超过180日）中国新闻机构的外国常驻记者；J2赴中国进行短期（停留不超过180日）采访报道的外国记者Foreign resident journalists who are resident in Chinese news organizations for more than 180 days; foreign journalists who are resident in China for a short period of time (no more than 180 days)）
中国签证——Q1、Q2字签证（Q1因家庭团聚申请赴中国居留的中国公民的家庭成员（配偶、父母、子女、子女的配偶、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女以及配偶的父母）和具有中国永久居留资格的外国人的家庭成员（配偶、父母、子女、子女的配偶、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女以及配偶的父母），以及因寄养等原因申请入境居留的人员；Q2赴中国短期（不超过180日）探亲的居住在中国境内的中国公民的亲属和具有中国永久居留资格的外国人的亲属Q1 family members of Chinese citizens who apply for residence in China due to family reunion (spouse, parents, children, children"s spouse, brothers and sisters, grandparents, grandchildren, grandchildren and parents of spouse) and family members of foreigners with permanent residence in China (spouse, parents, children, children"s spouse, brothers and sisters, grandparents and grandparents) Parents, grandchildren, grandchildren and the parents of their spouses), as well as those who apply for residence in China due to foster care and other reasons; Q2 relatives of Chinese citizens living in China and foreigners with permanent residence in China who visit relatives in China for a short period (no more than 180 days)）
中国签证——S1、S2字签证（S1赴中国长期（超过180日）探亲的因工作、学习等事由在中国境内居留的外国人的配偶、父母、未满18周岁的子女、配偶的父母，以及因其他私人事务需要在中国境内居留的人员；S2赴中国短期（不超过180日）探亲的因工作、学习等事由在中国境内停留居留的外国人的家庭成员（配偶、父母、子女、子女的配偶、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女以及配偶的父母）以及因其他私人事务需要在中国境内停留的人员S1 refers to the spouses, parents, children under the age of 18, parents of foreigners who stay in China for long-term (more than 180 days) visiting relatives in China, and the parents of their spouses, as well as the personnel who need to stay in China due to other private affairs; S2 those who visit China for short-term (no more than 180 days) stay in China due to work, study and other reasons Family members (spouse, parents, children, children"s spouse, brothers and sisters, grandparents, grandparents, grandchildren, grandchildren and parents of spouses) and those who need to stay in China due to other private affairs）
中国签证——X1、X2字签证（X1在中国境内长期（超过180日）学习的人员；X2在中国境内短期（不超过180日）学习的人员X1 long-term (more than 180 days) study in China; x2 short-term (no more than 180 days) study personnel in China）
左迁-
外国人要进入中国，均要获得所在国与中国的同意。中国对来华的外国人的目的不同，区分安排了 如旅游签证、探亲签证、商务签证、学生签证等，且每个类型的签证，停留时间、所要申请材料均不同。