真可-
Longmen Grottoes of China is one of the four caves ( the other three major caves : Shanxi Yungang Grottoes, Gansu Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Gansu Maiji grotto ). Luoyang city is located 6 kilometers south of the Yique Canyon, here hill and Longmen Hill confrontation between two mountains, from Yi River flows and, in ancient times called" Yique". The emperor moved the capital to Luoyang, the palace front gate is Yique, from now on, Yique were used to call Longmen. Longmen since ancient times for this pass, traffic hub, to a hotly contested spot for the military. Because the Shanqingshuixiu, beautiful environment, a pleasant climate, were included in the eight Luoyang king of the crown, the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi once said:" in all their wins, landscape, Longmen Yan", this element is men of literature and writing perspective tour resort. Because the stone fine, suitable for carving, so the ancients optional this built grotto. Here the green mountains and rivers, Vientiane Shenghui, Yi River thing Hill cliff caves and niches, such as dense dotted the hive. Longmen Grottoes built in Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang during (AD 493), the Eastern Wei, Northern Qi Dynasty, after the Western Wei, Sui, Tang, five generation, Song Dynasty more than 400 years of construction, the Northern Wei and Tang Dynasty large-scale construction for140 years, thereby forming a1 km long from north to south, with more than 2300 seats, caves and niches more than 10statues, more than 2800 pieces of grotto relics inscriptions. In the all Longmen cave, the cave is occupied about 30%, the Tang Dynasty accounted for 60%, accounted for only 10% of other dynasties. The largest statue of Buddha in Longmen Grottoes that Lu She Buddha,17.14 meters high,4 meters high,1.9 meters long ears; the smallest statues in the lotus cave, each only 2cm, known as dermabrasion. The lotus cave
Longmen Grottoes is in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty royal nobility to statues most centralized place, is the embodiment of Royal will and behavior, with a strong religious color. In two the statue reflect be totally different style of the time, the Northern Wei Dynasty statues here lost Yungang Grottoes statues rough, majesty, robust features, and the breath of life gradually thicken, lively, beautiful, gentle incline. The Northern Wei Dynasty statues, a thin face, shoulders, chest flat, clothing lines carved using the straight blade, Jianjin plain. In the Northern Wei Dynasty carved many caves, with Gu Yangdong, Binyang cave and the lotus cave, the cave cave temple is the most typical value. The Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital to Luoyang Gu Yangdong concentration of the initial batch of aristocratic and royal Chamberlain statues, typically reflect the Northern Wei Dynasty, Buddhism historical modality. These shapes strange, a superb collection of beautiful things of stone works of art, is a Chinese traditional culture and foreign culture syncretism precious records. Longmen Grottoes
The Northern Wei Dynasty people advocating a thin beauty, therefore, Buddhist statues and the pursuit of elegant bone and clear image type artistic style. But Tang Dynasty people with fat is the United States, so the Tang Dynasty Buddha face rounded shoulders, generous, bust, clothing lines carved using circular blade, natural and smooth. Longmen Grottoes of the Tang Dynasty statues inherited the tradition of excellence, but also learned a Han Chinese culture, to create a vigorous vivid and simple natural realism style, reached the pinnacle of Buddhist art. The Tang Dynasty Longmen Grottoes key cave, to the grand scale, of great momentum of the great Lu She as the most famous shrine sculptures. This basis "by Kegon" carved cliff type shrines, with generous, bearing extraordinary Lu homes in the Buddha as the center, with a week a modal texture art group image, the Buddhist world that is full of auspicious color ideal artistic conception of the most incisive expression. This group sculpture reflects Tang Empire powerful material force and spiritual force, showing the carving art of the highest achievements of Tang dynasty. Longmen Grottoes of the long Dynasty, spanning multiple, geographical location, natural scenery is beautiful, it is difficult to compare the many caves. But has a history of thousands of years, all previous dynasties were damage in different degrees, the majority of Buddha head were destroyed, not necessarily their facial charm. Lu She the Buddha arms being smashed, difficult to see its overall shape, but the remaining portion serves to illustrate its level of expression of the superb art, graceful. Longmen Grottoes to the large number of physical image and text information from the different side reflects the ancient Chinese political, economic, religious, cultural and many other areas of development and change of Chinese Grotto Art, innovation and development made a significant contribution. Filled with these beliefs, emotional and cultural relics, their very exotic style of the external shape and full of humanity consciousness within the conservation of ancient society, the majority of the people in the real world is full of appeal will the material refraction. The Chinese nation "s spiritual pursuit and longing for a better life result outstanding creation ability, through the left ring thousand years of cultural landscape can be a thorough explanation. In 1961 the State Council announced the Longmen Grottoes as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units. 1982 Longmen scenery the data derived from the baidu map, eventually results in Baidu map data.
Scenic area has been announced as the first batch of state-level scenic area. In 2000November, UNESCO included Longmen Grottoes" World Heritage", evaluation of the World Heritage Committee:" Longmen grottoes and shrines demonstrates China later period of Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty ( AD 493 to907 years ), the largest and most outstanding art. These detailed description of Buddhist religious themes in works of art, on behalf of the Chinese stone carving art of the highest." 2006January Longmen Grottoes is the central civilization office, the Ministry of construction, the National Tourism Bureau jointly awarded the" national civilized scenic tourism area". In 2007April, by the National Tourism Bureau of the first batch of"5A grade scenic spot". 2009, Longmen Grottoes is China Association of world records recorded as extant in China the largest grotto caves and niches, created a number of China"s existing caves and niches.
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