英语语言学问题,phone,phoneme,allophone 分别指的是什么?他们有什么区别和联系?能否给些例子?

江南顾沉舟2022-10-04 11:39:542条回答

英语语言学问题,phone,phoneme,allophone 分别指的是什么?他们有什么区别和联系?能否给些例子?
求汉语细致的讲解,thanks.

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雕塑时刻 共回答了21个问题 | 采纳率85.7%
Phone“音素”定义为我们在用同一种语言讲话所讲话时使用的声音.它不一定要区别意义,有的可以有的不可以.
phoneme“音位”定义音位学中最基本的单位是音位.绝对可以区别意义的单位.准确的说,音位不是一个具体的声音,而是一些语音区别特征的集合.
allophone“音位变体”表示同一个音位在不同语音环境中出现.
还有什么关于语言学的问题可以问我.
1年前
lmwe 共回答了1个问题 | 采纳率
  • phone是“音”的意思,是我们实际说话产生的声音。例如“good morning”就是由[g],[u],[d],[m],[o],[n],[i].[g]组成。
  • 而phoneme是“音位”是区别单词意义不同的最小单位,例如pit和bit两个单词,你可以发现,在他们的音标中,区别就在于一个开头是[p]一个是[b],那么这就是音位。

  • allophone是指“音位变体”是一个音位的不同表达,举个例子就像电视剧中的超人和它的元身是不可能同时出现的,因为他们是同一个人。

  • 希望你能懂!!!

1年前

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9.People may communicate their feelings or thoughts via n__________ signals such as facial expressions,gestures,postures,or proxemic space.
10.Although the development of a communicative system is not unique to human beings,the natural acquisition of l__________ as a system of highly abstract rules and regulations for creative communication is what distinguishes humans from all other animal species.
11.The description of a language at some point in time is a s________ study.
12.When pitch,stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation,they are collectively known as i________.
13.According to its position in the new word,a________ are divided into two kinds:prefixes and suffixes.
14.P________ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings.
15.Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called s________ restrictions.
16.The u________ meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.
17.Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of related languages in a genealogical family tree,and to reconstruct the p________,the original form of a language family that has ceased to exist.
18.R________ are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations.
19.Learners will subconsciously use their L1 knowledge in learning a second language.This is known as language t________.
20.A related issue with integrative motivation has been the extent to which learners differ in the process of adapting to the new culture of the L2 community.This adaptation process is called a ________.
86577881年前1
zmint 共回答了20个问题 | 采纳率85%
用google查的,虽然很多不明白,但保证全对
1.descriptive
2.obstruents
3.Morpheme
4.argument,predicate
5.Reference
6.constatives
7.Stem
8.speech
9.nonverbal
10.language
11.synchronic
12.intonation
13.affixes
14.Polysemy
15.selectional
16.utterance
17.protolanguage
18.Registers
19.transfer
20.acculturation
英语语言学 是判断对错 请高手帮帮忙!
英语语言学 是判断对错 请高手帮帮忙!
lexeme is an academic name for word and it is generally found in dictionary entries.
bmiidx1年前1
冰柠檬09 共回答了21个问题 | 采纳率81%
True
英语语言学求助protolanguage 这是英语语言学中一个名词解释,请英语专业同学和老师帮忙用英语回答一下
jiang1111年前1
cetv_edu 共回答了21个问题 | 采纳率95.2%
Protolanguage refers to the original form of a language family which has ceased to exist.
英语语言学的问题,判断对错If segments appear in the same position but the
英语语言学的问题,判断对错
If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning,they are said to be in free variation.
ssa380861年前1
蛮岛ss 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率94.1%
错的.
无所谓变异否!
请教一个英语语言学问题inflection is a particular way of word formations
请教一个英语语言学问题
inflection is a particular way of word formations 这句话哪里错了
tclho1年前3
森林与海 共回答了21个问题 | 采纳率85.7%
好像没啥错误吧?
我想改成这样
inflection is the particular way of word formations
英语语言学S_________ is defined as the study of meaning.
英语语言学S_________ is defined as the study of meaning.
S_________ is defined as the study of meaning.
_深海孤独1年前1
huxun0405 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率94.1%
semantics
semantics [简明英汉词典]
n.[语]语义学
语言学定义为意义的研究
问一个英语语言学的问题One of the main feature of oer human language is
问一个英语语言学的问题
One of the main feature of oer human language is arbitrariness.Canyou briefly explain what is this feature refers to?Give example if necessary.
杠了逗有1年前2
qwyhawln 共回答了24个问题 | 采纳率83.3%
arbitrariness means that there's no logic connection between linguistic symbols and their meanings,their connection is "arbitrary"(任意的 随意的).
for example:the word table means a piece of furniture at which people have their meals.but the form of this word and its meaning have no logic connection,we usually can't explain why such a word is being used to denote such a thing.it is just a customary or conventional way of usage.and in chinese we call such a piece of furniture 桌子,in japanese we call this 机(tsukue),people of different regions may have different ways to express a same concept,so there is no logic connection at all.
英语语言学判断正误1.our knowledge of language is always accurately re
英语语言学判断正误
1.our knowledge of language is always accurately reflected by our use of the language
2.The word stress,but not the sentence stres,distinguishes meaning in English.
说明正误的原因
In english,pitch and length constitute intensity which seems to determine stress.原因
nn爱俊俊1年前2
yefang520 共回答了22个问题 | 采纳率100%
1 our knowledge of language is always accurately reflected by our use of it
2 The word stress,not the sentence stress,distinguishes meaning in English
请问英语语言学里的constative-performative dichotomy是什么呀 要通俗一点点解释
sushe1年前1
努力少于ee 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率94.1%
阿拉不知道啦~不是系统学这方面的,一知半解,试一下好吗...
大概讲的就是一种二分法,把语言分成Constative和Performative.
其中constative是描述一件事,根据描述是否与事实符合,Constative有“对”与“错”之分.我说“这艘航母很大”或者“这艘航母很小”(话说为什么是航母!)都是描述一件事的,虽然后者一般情况下不对= =.
而Performative的话语本身就是一种动作,比如“我命名这艘航母为‘辽宁’”,或者“我道歉”,或者“我保证我会回来(死亡flag)”之类的.Performative没有“符不符合事实”,只有“是否‘幸福(felicitous)’“一说.“不幸福”的表达包括用法不对(比如丈夫对妻子可以说“I divorce you“但是你不能这样跟对方离婚,所以你的performative表达是“不幸福”的因为没起到效果.但是阿拉伯世界的男人可以,他对妻子说“离婚”这个词三次就算是离婚了.)或者心口不一(比如巴西对德国说”I congratulate you“的时候心里想的是”I f**k you“,这样就没起到”祝贺“的效果啦)总之达不到Perform an act的效果就是“不幸福”
(现学现卖希望有帮助
英语语言学的一道题应该怎么解friendship中ship是派生词缀,但是如果是派生词缀就是粘着词素,而ship有可以单
英语语言学的一道题应该怎么解
friendship中ship是派生词缀,但是如果是派生词缀就是粘着词素,而ship有可以单独出现,从这个方面来说有时自由词素,那么这不是矛盾吗?
有人可以解答吗 谢谢了
zxvpoiaspdofisa1年前1
kik21 共回答了10个问题 | 采纳率80%
ship并不是单一的一种意思吧,有很多的单词有不止一个意思,也就是说并不一定ship在friendship这类词中是后缀就一定表明它就只能做后缀,就像ness可以当派生词缀,但是同时也可以单独表示“海岬、海角”的意思嘛
关于英语语言学填空题 glottis
关于英语语言学填空题 glottis
If the glottis is wide open,the air passes freely through the cords,but if it is narrowed,the presence of the air causes the cords to vibrate,producing _______ sounds.
66461年前2
云滔天 共回答了22个问题 | 采纳率95.5%
看不出是哪个具体的音,恐怕需要填的是voiced吧.
声门打开,气流顺利通过;若声门变窄,气流通过导致声带振动,从而产生浊音(元音+浊辅音).
英语语言学.英语语言学n professional usage,the ______ is a scholar who
英语语言学.
英语语言学n professional usage,the ______ is a scholar who studies Language objectively,observing it scientifically,recording the facts of Language,and generalizing from them.试题
joyuv1年前1
mqr88025838409 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率88.2%
linguist
请教英语语言学里的open class和closed class区别
花语四季1年前2
zxcstudy 共回答了18个问题 | 采纳率94.4%
Open class words----content words of a language to which we can regularly add new words,such as nouns,adjectives,verbs and adverbs
Closed class words----grammatical or functional words,such as conjunction,articles,preposition and pronouns
请问英语语言学高手~题目是Prefixes occur at the beginning of a word,and m
请问英语语言学高手~题目是Prefixes occur at the beginning of a word,and modify the meaning of a stem,but usually do not change the part of speech of the original words.Do you think it is true?Support your answer with examples.
玎1761年前2
重庆大易 共回答了15个问题 | 采纳率93.3%
前缀出现在每个词的开头处,更改了词干的含义,但是一般是不会改变原始词的词性的.你认为对吗?请用例子支撑你的回答.
英语语言学中词类范畴是什么意思
飙飙猪1年前2
zhangji8866 共回答了18个问题 | 采纳率94.4%
就应该是词法中研究的范围吧:比如词性,屈折之类
英语语言学中subcategorization次范畴化,看了半天,没能理解到底次范畴化什么意思,
新hhA1年前2
zhouxudong 共回答了33个问题 | 采纳率97%
在语言学中,一个词的次范畴化框架(通常是一个动词)被定义为语法参数的数量和类型,它的合作发生(即数量和种类,换句话说,它选择在一个句子中出现时).[1]次范畴的概念是类似的动词价的概.在语言学,动词价或价是指以...
英语语言学试卷题,求大神求大神题目给个序号
bbkaren1年前1
alan0830a 共回答了15个问题 | 采纳率93.3%
As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use,and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior,it is said to be ___.A、 prescriptive B、 sociolinguistic C、 descriptive D、 psycholinguistic
The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.A、 bound morpheme B、 bound form C、 inflectional morpheme D、 free morpheme
"Can I borrow your bike?" ___ "You have a bike." A、 is synonymous with B、 is inconsistent with C、 entails D、 presupposes
英语语言学 (Tick- tuck )is the sound produced by a clock.(为括号部分的单
英语语言学
(Tick- tuck )is the sound produced by a
clock.(为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法)
A.Compounding
B.Coinage
C.Sound Reduplication
D.Clipping
specifies ___a___.
A.all the fricatives
B.all the fricatives and glides
C.all the fricatives and liquids
D.all the fricatives,liquids and glides
(Watt )is a measurement unit of
electricity.(为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法
)a
A.Sound Reduplication
B.Coinage
C.Eponym
D.Clipping
Watt (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)c
A.Sound Reduplication
B.Coinage
C.Eponym
D.Clipping
watering (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)d
A.Derivation
B.Conversion
C.Backformation
D.Blending
希望会的朋友帮忙看一下 非常thank you
宝贝呓语1年前2
smilegrace 共回答了23个问题 | 采纳率78.3%
1、C 拟声
2、题目不完整...
3、C 用名字命名
4、答案是D?...我感觉A 派生词比较接近
英语语言学六大学科是什么上课时老师问的问题,下节课要提问.我只知道好像有一个什么语用学,还有什么?
blakehans1年前1
c1453cb8cd083bbd 共回答了23个问题 | 采纳率91.3%
如果说语言学诸学科里最重要的六个,应该是:
1、语音学
2、音位学(也叫音系学)
3、语义学
4、句法学
5、语用学
6、形态学
英语语言学题,What is the illocution of A’s utterance in the follow
英语语言学题,
What is the illocution of A’s utterance in the following brief encounter?
A:You are in a non-smoking zone,sir.
B:Thanks (extinguishing the cigarette).
2.What kind of pre-sequence is A’s first utterance?(Hint:A and B are two secretaries working in the same office.)
A:Are you going to be here long?
B:You can go if you like.
A:I’ll just be outside.Call me if you need me.
B:OK.
w3861年前2
guandaoren 共回答了19个问题 | 采纳率89.5%
You can not smoke here
Yes,I will follow your advice and I will do it now.
英语语言学里的歧义解释 happily they left
woho1年前1
elandyang 共回答了24个问题 | 采纳率91.7%
我的个人理1.他们高兴地离开了.
2.(我)很高兴他们离开了.
关于英语语言学,问高手What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Princ
关于英语语言学,问高手What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle?
回答
越王勾践1年前1
香烟仔 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率94.1%
Cooperative Principle (CP) 合作原则
It is divided into four categories of maxims by Grice:
1.the maxim of quality,质量准则
2.the maxim of quantity,数量准则
3.the maxim of relation 关系准则
4.and the maxim of manner.方式准则
英语语言学关于bound morphemes.
英语语言学关于bound morphemes.
The word "friendships" contains ______ bound morpheme(s) ?
A.one B.two C.three
甘道夫的烟火1年前1
窗外的月光 共回答了23个问题 | 采纳率95.7%
A
bound morpheme 粘着语素.
粘着语素指的是不可单独存在一个句子里面的语素
而非粘着语素则可在一个句子里单独存在,
问题中的friendships 中的friend,ship,s是三个语素,很明显s是在一个句子不可单独存在.