激励机制问题产生的原因是什么?

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After more than 30 years of development,the civilian-run economy is already an important part of the national economy,private enterprises has also developed to more advanced and scientific .Incentive mechanism of private enterprises but also has many flaws and disadvantages,this requires that we must establish effective incentive mechanisms.
亲,自己翻译,

and then,the main problems will be analyzed from the perspective of financial management,existing in funding,investment,operations management and incentive mechanism of family business.Finally,the countermeasures to enhance financial management of family business will be proposed from the four respects,improving funding environment,instructing appropriate investment strategies,perfecting financial management system and establishing effective incentive mechanism respectively.

Capital structure not only affect the enterprise capital costs and overall value, and affect the enterprise governance structure and incentive mechanism, thus influence enterprise behavior characteristics and enterprise performance, whether he reasonable directly related to the survival and development of enterprises. With the development of market economy, China's economic system, and the deepening of the reform of the increasingly fierce market competition of enterprises of our country, optimize capital structure urgent need analysis, therefore, state-owned enterprises and the capital structure of listed companies, the present situation and cause of enterprise's financial position, and based on this, puts forward adjusting and optimizing the capital structure of the Chinese enterprises suggestion.

On the Design of Incentive System in Asymmetric Information Situations

Talent Strategy:
Good talent is the cornerstone to achieve corporate strategic objectives, driving force for sustainable development of enterprises. Companies with scientific personnel training methods, an effective incentive mechanism to level the playing field, a broad development space for recruit good talent, so that every employee in the deep Di fully reflect the collective self-esteem, achieve personal career planning the largest business development goals and fit, employees and businesses grow.
Employing principles:
Utilized, can make the best use, cultural management
Talent Concept:
The company respected "professionalism, integrity, teamwork, and innovation" entrepreneurial spirit, focus on character and ability of employees, requiring employees to have the professionalism and development ability, strong sense of professionalism and responsibility, with a sense of modern management capacity, promote team spirit. Scientific and standardized management companies to provide employees a good working environment and development platform, "the cultural talent pool to pay motivate talented people, and mechanisms to retain talent to the cause of talented individuals," the concept of talent employees and enterprises to achieve common development and progress.

倪亚琴一、激发兴趣与引导参与相结合
学生的兴趣是学习动机最活跃的成分,兴趣是最好的老师.我们在英语教学中要精心备课,挖掘课本的生动之处,采用灵活多变的方式,把枯燥的课文编成活灵活现的小故事.
把抽象的语言、单调的词汇具体化.词汇教学在英语教学中被认为是最枯燥,最乏味的.部分学生因为词汇没有掌握而放弃英语学习,如果把词汇放在句子中,再运用多媒体把抽象的文字符号用绚丽多彩的画面呈现,并伴以教师的肢体语言或表情来辅助表现,就会把抽象的词汇具体化,形象化,适应学生的好奇心和求知欲.
实施分层教学,对不同层次的学生提出不同的要求.对学习上有困难的学生提问时适当降低难度,引导他们积极思考,帮助他们找到薄弱的原因,保护他们的自尊心和积极性,激发他们学习的兴趣.因为困难生一般认为什么事都不如别人,教师要设法使他们感到自己并不比别人差,有能力做好任何事.因此教师要对他们多付出一点爱心,捕捉住每一个闪光点.及时给予肯定、表扬和鼓励,从而消除其自卑感,振奋精神,去创造更多的闪光点,如学生沈杰喜欢唱歌,但就是不学英语,针对这一点,我在英语课上有意识地多接近她,教她简单的英语歌曲,因为歌曲能激发她的学习兴趣,帮助她巩固记忆所学的语言材料,培养对所学语言的节奏感和提高流畅程度,效果明显.对优等生适当提高难度,训练他们高一层的思维能力.使学困生“笑一笑”体验到自己的进步,受到鼓舞；使优等生“跳一跳”更上一层楼.这样即调动了学生学习的积极性,又保护了学生的自尊心,激活了上进心,使各层次的学生都有所提高,都有收获,激发学生学习英语的兴趣.
二、激发学生学习的热情
良好的师生关系能激发学生的学习热情、伟大的文学家高尔基说过：“谁爱孩子,孩子就爱谁,只有爱孩子的人,他才可以教育孩子.”教师的一次关心,一声问候,一次鼓励,一次提问都对学生起着潜移默化的作用.
教师要用高尚的人格魅力吸引学生,感染学生.当学生感受到教师深厚的情感时,才乐于接受教师传授的知识和道理.
英语课堂教学中融洽的师生关系,活跃的课堂气氛能激发学生学习的热情,使学生在轻松愉快的气氛中学习知识,提高能力,不仅能使优等生因成功而笑,而且也能使后进生在愉快的气氛中克服困难,积极进取,使教学达到最佳效果.每个学生都渴望进步,渴望知识,一次考试没考好,教师不应严厉批评,讽刺挖苦,而应帮助他们分析问题,查明原因,教师对学生的评价要做得正确、适时、恰当,哪怕是学生微小的进步,也要及时给予表扬和鼓励.
多年的教学实践证明,学生能从教师一句鼓励的话语,一个赞许的目光,一个满意的手势中得到激励,体验到成功的喜悦.在课堂上对回答问题好的学生教师经常要用“good,very good, wonderful, well done”等语言进行评价,或教师带领全班鼓掌表示鼓励,使他们学习的热情进一步提高.
竞争能激发学生学习的自觉性、积极性和主动性,因此我们教师在课堂上应开展各种竞争活动.现在的新课堂上,我们经常进行一些竞争活动,如书写比赛、朗读比赛、单词竞猜、会话比赛等,学生与学生之间,小组与小组之间,班级与班级之间展开激烈的竞争.学生们都能积极踊跃参加,即使学习困难的学生,也不甘心在课堂上的各种竞赛活动中落后,这使学生对所学知识产生浓厚兴趣,变苦学为乐学,使学生的大脑处于最佳学习状态,有效提高学习效率,同时也培养了现代人所需的竞争意识.通过这种方式来调动学生学习英语的积极性,同时让某些学习不主动的学生也有一股勇于参与的劲头.以比拼来促使学习兴趣的提高.只要调动了部分学生,那整个班的积极性就会相继调动起来.他们的自主、合作学习习惯将潜移默化地在这种比一比的形式下逐渐形成.
四、建立激励机制的方法
在学生学习的过程中,只有正激励而没有负激励是不可取的.因为负激励在某钟程度上也能产生良好效果,有时甚至产生更强的反作用力.但在实施时应注意：
1.要切中要害,有的放矢.批评教育学生要弄清学生错误的现象及其本质；要就事论事,不要把学生以往的错误都数落出来,这会使学生产生厌烦感.
2.语言要恰当,使之易于接受.不要用尖刻的语言对学生进行暗示、讽刺、打击,要使用教育语言,可适当加入幽默、高雅的成分.如有的学生单词不过关,分不清few 和a few的区别.教师可以说：假如你向别人介绍你是重友情、爱交际的人,应说：I have a few good friends. 可你却说成：I have few good friends.别人会怎样想你?还会与你友好相处吗?教学是使用这些语言即不伤害学生,有指出了其错误的严重性.
3.不能对学生进行体罚.有的教师对学生进行体罚；有的教师当众辱骂学生,这样有害学生的身心健康成长.
4.在一般情况下,要多用正激励,少用负激励.
五、合理使用激励机制,因材施教
1. 对自尊心极强或不强的学生,不宜采取负激励,而应采取正激励.自尊心极强的学生对于批评很敏感,用负激励会挫伤其积极性,使其产生自卑感.自尊心不强的学生各种各样的批评已在其头脑中趋于饱和,因此已对批评很麻木.对这两种学生,若给予他们适当的正鼓励,激起他们心灵的火花,会产生较好效果.
2. 对总是“自我感觉良好、飘飘然的学生”,应使用负激励.这些学生往易于满足,对于自己的英语学习常常是沾沾自喜,故步自封.因此,教师要及时指出他们的缺点、不足,使其有更大进步.
3.对那些有一定自尊心、较情绪化的学生一定要将正激励与负激励结合起来并用.在他们为成功骄傲时,用负激励使之降温；在他们为困难消沉时,正激励使之升温.
总之,激励机制在英语教学中起着很重要的作用,应该贯穿于英语教学始终.凭借这种激励机制,能广泛调动学生的积极性,充分挖掘学生学习的潜能,激发学生学习的兴趣,使我们的课堂教学取得事半功倍的效果.(作者单位：如皋市江安镇滨江初级中学)

the service supply chain with excitation mechanism,which places a certain requirement on the characteristics of demanding distribution to the service,once adopted in under the different agreed compacts about wholesale price、product buy- back、gain sharing、quantity flexibility、and sales rebate,etc..will be able to achieve coordination.
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