propagation是什么意思

英语翻译
Pressure transient propagation leading to either system failure or at the least to the inclusion of surge prevention within system design is normally associated with destructive forces in large and complex fluid systems.However,the definition of what constitutes a catastrophic failure varies with the system.What remains constant is the underlying theory of pressure （surge propagation）（这个词组是什么意思?） and the fundamental concepts of surge suppression and control.关于建筑给排水的

英语翻译
In Vitro Propagation of Muscadine Grape by Axillary Shoot Proliferation
Ni Lee and Hazel Y.Wetzstein
Abstract.Plantlets were recovered from axillary bud cultures of muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia,‘Summit’).Nodal segments 0.5 to 1.0 cm long were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 5,10,20,or 40 μM BA.Best total shoot production was obtained with 10 μM BA; with higher BA levels,shoots were unexpanded and exhibited high mortalities.MS medium supplemented with IBA enhanced rooting by increasing rooting percentage and number per plantlet.Shoots previously proliferated on medium with 5 μM BA rooted significantly better than those multiplied on 10 μM BA.Shoot vigor during rooting was greater in shoots proliferated on 5 vs.10 μM BA.Root development was not significantly affected by liquid vs.agar-solidifted medium or shoot length.
翻译的话，尽量翻，能翻多少是多少！