乔姆斯基的转换生成语法理论

1.对语言的假象
2.语言的普遍性
3.评价

他说的规则指的主要是语法,当然也包括词法.表层结构,是指平时看到的或听到的,根据一定的文法组织起来的一串词,也就是人们实际上写的或说出来的句子,就是句子的表层结构.比如：花瓶被他打碎了.深层结构就是从这个句子...

这些都应该直接用英文写.阅读了翻译出来的中文是达不到阅读原文才能达到的理解水平的!

二、Imparting of knowledge from the language into the cultivation of language skills and cultural communicators
American linguist Noam Chomsky that: Language is a system dominated by the rules.Human language learning is by no means a simple process of imitation and memory, but to utilize the creative process. Foreign language teachers to teach students to discover the one hand, the rules, we must also teach students to creatively utilize these rules, the students creative ability to apply language rules.Therefore, in foreign language teaching, language teachers should not only explain the points, but the main thing is to utilize a large number of language rules to provide students with creative opportunities and situations, through the students practice the language of individual or collective activities to improve their foreign language skills.Moreover, the nature of language and the relationship between language and culture is important to note the decision of the foreign language teaching and cultural differences. Practice in language teaching, cultural background of students imparting knowledge and cross-cultural communication abilities, have been included in American Foreign Language Teaching Association, the content of communicative competence.People speaking foreign languages, without understanding the cultural background knowledge is difficult to understand the language itself. As a foreign teacher, if this culture, the psychological difference between turning a blind eye to language teaching and culture will inevitably lead to out of line, so that students lack of cross-cultural awareness.Therefore, foreign language teachers should focus on cultural knowledge and language combination of study and practice to enable students to fully understand the cultural background of English and social criteria; cultivate their sense of tolerance of different cultures to make their communicative actions are consistent with the pragmatic principle of national culture ; Bing advocates "task oriented" teaching model primarily: this teaching model is the student Xue Xi Zhong Shi's activities, students through Si Kao, study, discussion, exchanges and cooperation and other forms to complete learning tasks to enable students to improve language knowledge and language skills, but also raise awareness of language and culture to overcome intercultural communication barriers, to truly improve the ability to use language.

因为乔姆斯基的认知理论是从形式出发的,但是现实中的语言不是那么规则的,完全可以用形式表达,一方面为了适应语言的不断变化,一方面乔姆斯基理论开始也有些不正确的地方,所以不断的修正.

乔姆斯基的转换生成语法自上世纪50年代问世以来已有半个世纪了,早已谈不上“创新”.乔氏理论对语言研究的最大贡献在于对语言现象的语法描述来揭示语义的“深层结构”（心理层面的表达欲望）与言语形式的“表层结构”（信息传递媒介）之间的关系.他用一套独特的数学语言和推理方式来推导言语表达的深层结构,花了十几年的功夫,完善了一套以“转换”和“生成”为特征的描述语法理论,曾经轰动一时,进而影响了半个世纪以来的语言学研究理论发展.
优势：数学模式推导语义与言语表达方式的关系,具有很强的逻辑性和科学性.是典型的描述性理论；
劣势：太复杂、不易懂,推广范围和普及十分有限.
当然,乔氏理论追随者众多,但它仍然只是诸多语言学理论之一.