What is the corrosion resistance difference between grey and

英语翻译
The corrosion of welded joints of 16GS + 08Kh13 bimetal,made of the specimens cut out from a column after the long-term operation.
文摘：Corrosion-electrochemical investigations into bimetals are conventionally carried out on samples with the carrying layer preliminarily removed.In this work,the liability of welded joints to HSC without removal of the carrying layer is investigated,which has considerably enhanced the information content of the results.A possibility is demonstrated of the application of ANV-70B electrodes and Sv-07Kh25N13 welding wire,developed at the Paton Electric Welding Institute,in the process of welding in an Ar + O₂ gas mixture for repairing equipment manufactured from bimetal equipped with a cladding layer of 08Kh13 steel.It is established that the preliminary heating of the bimetal up to 350°C in the welding process with the application of both ANV-70B electrodes and Sv-07Kh25N13 welding wire enhances the resistance of the metal to hydrogen sulfide corrosion cracking.
各位大虾请不要生硬翻译，不然文摘内容将不准确，

英文翻译：for protection against corrosion where low electrical resistance is required

英语翻译
On pre-plated materials,noncontinuous edge corrosion on sheared edges is acceptable unless specified
otherwise on the part drawing.

Hard and resistant to corrosion,bronze is traditionally used in ____ and is the material used most widely for metal sculpture.选项A.bell casting B.casting bell C.cast of bell D.bell cast
选A还是B,

英语翻译
Time to initiation of corrosion and subsequent corrosion rates of steel
reinforcement in plain and microsilica-blended concretes were determined
on prismatic 100 x 62.5 x 300 mm (4 • 2.5 x 12 in.) specimens containing
a 12.5 mm (1/2 in.) diameter bar embedded centrally.The length of the
uncoated portion of the bar was 275 mm (I1 in.).The coarse aggregate was
a maximum size of 19 mm (3/4 in.) of crushed limestone with a bulk specific
gravity 2.42 and an average absorption of 3.8%.The fine aggregate was
beach sand of specific gravity 2.70 and absorption 0.23%.A water/cement
(w/c) ratio of 0.50,cement content of 357 kg/m 3 (600 lbs/cu yd),and coarse
to fine aggregate ratio of 2.0 by weight was used for the plain and the
microsilica-blended cement concretes.The specimens were cured for 28 days
before exposure to the chloride solution.

英语翻译
Determination of the risk of pitting corrosion of stainless steels
An electrochemical pitting plot on steel X 20 Cr 13,material-No.1.4021 according to standard
DIN EN 10088-3,heat treatment condition QT 800,which has to be grinded freshly straight
before the test is performed.

建筑工程专业英语翻译 求高手!
Corrosion Initiation Time
Fig. 3 shows the half-cell potential measurement records of 14% C3A
plain cement concrete along with the 10% and 20% microsilica-blended
cement concretes. The specimens were partially immersed in 5% NaC1
solution and to simulate chloride corrosion situations, where chlorides migrate
by diffusion to the steel-concrete interface from external-sources during
the service life of concrete structures. Table 1 shows the time to -270 mV
(SCE), which is taken as time to initiation of corrosion for the plain and
microsilica-blended cement concretes. These data show that both 10% and
20% microsilica-blended cement concretes performed threefold better, in
terms of corrosion initiation time, compared to plain cement concrete. Similar
results (Rasheeduzzafar et al. 1991) were obtained by the writers in

hrs是什么单位?
The inhibitor was added after 24 hrs pre-corrosion period .
这句话中的hrs是单位吗?

英语翻译
Time to initiation of corrosion was adopted as a criterion of relative
protection provided to steel by the surrounding plain and microsilica-blended
cement concrete due to following two reasons:First,the corrosion process
comprises two distinct phases (Tuutti 1980; Browne 1983),the corrosion
initiation period to and the corrosion propagation time ta.The corrosion
propagation time leads to a definitive level of unacceptable damage.Cracking
and spalling of concrete,although a serviceability failure,is usually
serious enough to be considered as unacceptable damage.More importantly,
cracking/spalling of concrete follows very shortly after the initiation of corrosion.
Spellman and Stratfull (1969) reported that as little as 25 m (1 rail)
of steel conversion into its characteristic corrosion products can cause the
cracking of a good-quality concrete.Second,this criterion was adopted
because propagation time is extremely sensitive to a number of random
factors (such as oxygen flow,temperature,resistivity of concrete,cover
thickness and quality,size and spacing of bars,and moisture content and
tensile strength of concrete) and therefore is very difficult to quantify.

英语翻译
4.3 enviromental conditions
a corrosion allowance of 3 mm shall be applied to all exposed surfaces.
4.3.1 temperature
maximum effective temperature:+55 ºc
minimum effective temperature：0 ºc
4.3.2 wind
1 year return period,extreme wind velocity
5 products
5.1 gangway material
materials to be used for construction of the gangway shall be suitable to withstand
with extreme weather condition expected at the berth.
the ship access gangways shall be made of metal and have the following
characteristics:
? structural steel:s355 (bs en 10025-2)
? secondary steel:s235 (bs en 10025-2)
? anti slip mobile stairs:aluminium complying with en-aw-6060 / 6063 /
6082 / 5754 standard
? all gangway weld joints shall be at an angle and welded around the piece’s
perimeter,having a resistance equivalent to or above the welded rolled
section
5.2 gangway’s hydraulic operation
the gangways’ three movements –lifting,rotation and extension– shall be powered
by a hydraulic system comprised of the following elements:
? hydraulic unit
? lifting cylinders
? rotation cylinders
? telescopic mechanism
5.2.1 hydraulic unit
the hydraulic unit is composed of a prismatic *** located on the access platform
where the following elements are installed:
?
?

英语翻译
visually inspect thermostat for corrosion and proper sealing of valve and seat.If okay,suspend thermostat and thermomerter in a 50/50 mixture of coolant and water.如何翻译

lead and chromate free corrosion inhibitors是什么意思,无铅无铬酸盐,抗腐蚀 还是抗铅和铬酸盐的腐蚀

句子翻译
Referring to resistance to intergranular corrosion as defined in EN ISO 3651-2,for ferritic,austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steels the specification in Table 7,10 and 11 apply.

Visually inspect thermostat for corrosion and proper sealing of valve and seat.If okay,suspend thermostat and thermometer in a 50/50 mixture of coolant and water在这句话如何翻译

英语翻译
Group1:The risk of intergranular corrosion in service is taken into consideration and subsequent to solution heat treatment the material,during fabrication,is subjected to welding,hot working or heat treatment ( at a temperature greater than 450℃ ) which is not followed by solution heat treatment ( repair of castings by welding shall be considered to be equivalent to a welding operation ).

the less likely it is that the corrosion rate is greater than anticipated.it is that是什么
后面的anticipated省略了corrosion rate吧

请问在微生物腐蚀中,active corrosion为活性腐蚀,那passive attack/corrosion 怎么翻呢,

为什么铝合金容易沿晶断裂（inter-granular corrosion crack）,但钢（steel）容易穿晶断裂?
为什么铝（Al alloy）合金容易沿晶断裂（inter-granular corrosion crack）,钢（steel）容易穿晶断裂（trans-granular crack）?
Al alloy（inter-granular corrosion crack），steel (trans-granular corrosion crack）？
钢就默认它是奥氏体钢 BCC 结构，铝合金认为是fcc 结构的不含特殊合金元素

英语翻译
Corrosion rate measurement should at least be made through the use of coupons which are located at locations predicted to have the highest risk of internal corrosion.这句话应该怎么翻译?

英语翻译
The corrosion
behavior of protective Ni–P coatings has been extensively investigated and is
considered to be dependent on many processes and features.These include the following:1.The process used
to apply the Ni–P coating (i.e.electrolytic,electroless,and melting and
quenching processes).2.The composition
of the Ni–P coating,especially its P content[12–14].3.The homogeneity
of elemental distribution,especially P distribution in the coating surface[12],and throughout the deposit[15].4.The surface
morphology of the deposit:i.e.whether it is smooth,nodular,or possesses a cauliflower-like
morphology[16].
5.The
microstructure of the deposit:i.e.whether it is crystalline,
microcrystalline,amorphous,or composed of mixed phases[17].
6.The exposureenvironment,especially the pH[12].
7.The presence of
impurity inclusions and their distribution in the deposit; e.g.,Pb or
Sinclusions[12,18].
8.The nature ofthe substrate under the deposit[19].
9.The presence ofsurface defects such as microscopic pores or pits[18].

英语翻译
2.2　Corrosion fatigue analysis
The corrosion environment in the vacuum distillation
tower can be regarded as a kind of solution with a mass
fraction of 0.5 mg KOH/g.After conducting calculations
regarding the solution with a mass fraction of 0.5 mg
KOH/g at a temperature of 310 ℃ and the solution with a
mass fraction of 50 mg H2SO4/g at a temperature of 25 ℃,
the Fe element has two chemical reaction rate values,
which are equal to each other approximately.As a result,
we can use the corrosion fatigue curve of Fe element in
the solution having a mass fraction of 50 mg H2SO4/g at a
temperature of 25 ℃ to predict the life range of packing
model.
Both the physical and chemical nature of 316 L stainless
steel and 19Cr12Ni stainless steel is similar.Therefore,if
we cannot get the corrosion fatigue curve of the former,
we can use the corrosion fatigue curve of the latter to analyze
the life range of packing model as an approximation.
Having known the character of corrosion fatigue curve of
19Cr12Ni stainless steel[11],which has a life range of 107
and 5×107 under a stress loading of 100 MPa and 80 MPa,
respectively,we then get the description of corrosion fatigue
curve of packing material expressed as a function
approximately.