菲利普·罗斯英文简介Thank you.

Roth grew up in the Weequahic neighborhood of Newark,New Jersey,as the second child of first-generation American parents,Jews of Galician descent,and graduated from Newark's Weequahic High School in 1950.[2] Roth went on to attend Bucknell University,earning a degree in English.He then pursued graduate studies at the University of Chicago,where he received an M.A.in English literature and worked briefly as an instructor in the university's writing program.Roth went on to teach creative writing at the University of Iowa and Princeton University.He continued his academic career at the University of Pennsylvania,where he taught comparative literature before retiring from teaching in 1991.
While at Chicago,Roth met the novelist Saul Bellow,as well as Margaret Martinson,who became his first wife.Their separation in 1963,along with Martinson's death in a car crash in 1968,left a lasting mark on Roth's literary output.Specifically,Martinson was the inspiration for female characters in several of Roth's novels,including Lucy Nelson in When She Was Good,and Maureen Tarnopol in My Life As a Man.[3]
Between the end of his studies and the publication of his first book in 1959,Roth served two years in the United States Army and then wrote short fiction and criticism for various magazines,including movie reviews for The New Republic.His first book,Goodbye,Columbus,a novella and five short stories,won the National Book Award in 1960,and afterward he published two novels,Letting Go and When She Was Good.However,it was not until the publication of his third novel,Portnoy's Complaint,in 1969 that Roth enjoyed widespread commercial and critical success.
During the 1970s Roth experimented in various modes,from the political satire Our Gang to the Kafkaesque The Breast.By the end of the decade Roth had created his Nathan Zuckerman alter ego.In a series of highly self-referential novels and novellas that followed between 1979-1986,Zuckerman appeared as either the main character or as an interlocutor.
In Sabbath's Theater (1995),Roth presented his most lecherous protagonist yet with Mickey Sabbath,a disgraced former puppeteer.In complete contrast,the first volume of Roth's second Zuckerman trilogy,1997's American Pastoral,focuses on the life of virtuous Newark athletics star Swede Levov and the tragedy that befalls him when his teenage daughter transforms into a domestic terrorist during the late 1960s.I Married a Communist (1998) focuses on the McCarthy era.The Human Stain examines identity politics in 1990s America.The Dying Animal (2001) is a short novel about eros and death that revisits literary professor David Kepesh,protagonist of two 1970s works,The Breast and The Professor of Desire.
Events in Roth's personal life have occasionally been the subject of media scrutiny.According to his pseudo-confessional novel Operation Shylock (1993),Roth suffered a nervous breakdown in the late 1980s.In 1990,he married his long-time companion,English actress Claire Bloom.In 1994 they separated,and in 1996 Bloom published a memoir,Leaving a Doll's House,which described the couple's marriage in detail,much of which was unflattering to Roth.Certain aspects of I Married a Communist have been regarded by critics as veiled rebuttals to accusations put forth in Bloom's memoir.
In one of his most audacious books to date,The Plot Against America (2004),Roth imagines an alternative version of American history:What if Charles A.Lindbergh,aviator hero and isolationist had been elected U.S.president in 1940?In the imagined history that follows,Roth gives an account of a U.S.that negotiates an understanding with Hitler's Nazi Germany and embarks on its own program of anti-Semitism.It has been hailed as Roth's masterpiece."[H]uge,inflammatory,painfully moving… It may well be his best,and it may well arouse more controversy than all the rest combined.… That Roth has written The Plot Against America in some respects as a parable for our times seems to me inescapably and rather regrettably true."[4]
Roth's 182-page novel Everyman,a meditation on illness,desire,and death,was published in May 2006.
Exit Ghost,which features his alter ego Nathan Zuckerman,was released in October 2007.According to the book's publisher,it is the last Zuckerman novel[5].
Indignation,Roth's twenty-ninth book,was published on September 16,2008.Set in 1951 to the backdrop of the Korean War,it follows Marcus Messner's departure from Newark to Ohio's Winesburg College,where he begins his sophomore year.