温室效应如何形成?可以产生哪些后果

1、开发新能源（核能、风能、太阳能等）,替代化石燃料（汽油、煤等）
2、多绿化,如植树造林
3、节约能源,减少二氧化碳排放

Greenhouse Effect
A worldwide greenhouse effect might produce a dangerously warmer world.
Since the late 19th century,the average global temperature has increased between
0.54° F and 1.08° F (0.3° C and 0.6 ° C).Internationally,1990 was the hottest
year on record since official weather records first started being kept by the British
in about 1860.
Estimates (估计) of global average temperatures have projected (突出) an
increase of as much as 9° F(5° C) before the year 2100.Such a rise in global temperature would produce new patterns (模式) and extremes of drought (干旱) and rainfall,which would seriously disrupt (破坏) food production.This could potentially (潜在地) cripple (削弱) the North American corn belt (北美生产玉米的地带）,which produces much of the world's grain,leading to much higher food prices,and even less food for the Third World than they already have.However,it would also mean that some countries which are further north would be able to grow crops they had never been able to before,although there is less land as you move north from the corn belt.
The other serious worry is that rising sea levels from the melting of the polar (极地的) ice caps could severely flood many countries.A rise in sea levels of one metre,which many experts are predicting (预言) by the year 2100 (and some as soon as 2030),would flood 15 percent of Egypt,and 12 percent of Bangladesh (孟加拉国) .The Maldives (马尔代夫) in the Indian Ocean would almost completely disappear.Most of the countries which would suffer most from a rise in sea levels are the poor island states,so the islands in the Caribbean (加勒比海),South Pacific,Mediterranean and Indian Ocean have formed the Alliance (联盟) of Small Island States,AOSIS,so they have a louder voice in internatioanl politics and can make the richer developed world listen to their problems.Closer to home,Britain would lose most of East Anglia (英格兰的拉丁名称),and to protect the coast line would cost an estimated 5 to 10 billion pounds.

温室效应加剧主要是由于现代化工业社会燃烧过多煤炭、石油和天然气,这些燃料燃烧后放出大量的二氧化碳气体进入大气造成的.二氧化碳气体具有吸热和隔热的功能.它在大气中增多的结果是形成一种无形的玻璃罩,使太阳辐射到地球上的热量无法向外层空间发散,其结果是地球表面变热起来.因此,二氧化碳也被称为温室气体.

1．地球上的病虫害增加；2．海平面上升；3．气候反常,海洋风暴增多；4．土地干旱,沙漠化面积增大.科学家预测：如果地球表面温度的升高按现在的速度继续发展,到2050年,全球温度将上升2—4摄氏度,南北极地冰山将大幅度融化,导致海平面大大上升,一些岛屿国家和沿海城市将可能淹于水中,其中包括几个著名的国际大城市,如纽约、东京和悉尼等.

主要从两个方面做起
1.减少温室气体的排放,比如二氧化碳的排放.
2.种植吸收温室气体的植物,多植树种草,吸收二氧化碳.