be well-known as和be well-known for区别

The teenager is ____known as "hacker"--he likes to show off on the Internet A.who B.what

Michael Jordan, known as ____ top scorer in _____ NBA, did much charity work for society. A．a; a B．the; the C．A; / D．/; the

英语翻译
A second prediction of prospect theory,known as “loss aversion”,is that individuals will exhibit a stronger preference for avoiding something they perceive to be a“loss”than for achieving something that appears to be a”gain” of the equivalent magnitude.A consequence of loss aversion is that individuals will usually prefer to keep an item they possess (and thus avoid a “loss”) rather than trade that item for one of objectively identical value(and thus achieve a gain).This consequence,known as the “status quo bias”or the “endowment effect”,suggests that,hold constant differences in preferences between two negotiators,the negotiator who possesses property or a legal entitlement (the seller) is likely to have higher reservation price than a negotiator who does not possess the propery or entitlement(the buyer).Put another way ,all other things being equal,an indiviual is likely to exhibit a higher reservation price for an item if owns it than if she dose not own it.As the experiments described in the following article demonstrate.the result of this phenomeno is smaller bargaining zones and fewer successful transactions than rational economics would predict.

Known as the City of Eternal Spring ,.请帮忙分析下Known as 在这句话中的成分,
1、as是连接known,还是联系后面那个短语呢?
2、as可以换成that吗?

英语翻译
Third-generation mobile phones,known as 3G,are the next big step for the telecom industry(通信行业）.Data speed in 3G networks is much quicker than that in present technology.This means users can have high-speed Internet access（因特网接入服务） and enjoy video and CD-quality music on their phones.
With 3G,you can forget about text messages telling you yesterday’s news; a 3G phone can receive video news programs,updated four times a day.Internet access will also be much quicker,making it easier to surf the Web on your phone than on your computer at home.
Don’t worry about getting lost.3G phones offer map services so you can find a new restaurant just by pressing a few keys on your 3G phones.
However,the most impressive part of 3G technology is video calling.With live two-way video
communication,you can have face-to-face talks with friends and family on your mobile phone.