unicat

人际交流的意思

thus 是副词 因此连词是用来引导从句的，后面要加句子

Body Language in Cross-Cultural CommunicationPeople can communicate with one another not only through verbal communication but also through nonverbal communication; moreover, the latter plays an essential role. Body language is an important part of nonverbal communication, and thus this article intends to present its meaning and talk it briefly so that we can improve our communication skills and abilities by understanding it well.Usually body language occurs unconsciously. Yet the body language we use decides to a large extent the quality of our communication. It follows that therefore it would be good to become conscious of our own and others" body language. We can learn to use our body language for a purpose. It is important to note that body language has different meanings in different cultures. How we can interpret body language depends on the situation, the culture, the relationship we have with the person as well as the gender of the other. This means that there is not one signal that has the same meaning all over the world. Body language is also interlinked with spoken language and a whole pattern of behaviour from a person. As well as that, various body language signs can complement each other to make a particular meaning crystal clear or strengthen the meaning of what we communicate.Nonverbal communication, composed of pictures, dresses, eye contact, spatial signals, gestures and so on, is as important as verbal communication.There are five parts of this paper. The first part is introduction, mainly introduce the importance of body language. The second part talk about the term—body language briefly, including its concept and classification, general characteristics and the importance of knowing how we communicate. The third part is the most vital one, in this chapter, this paper talk about several sorts of body language with lots of cases which embody the conflict in cross cultural communication in detail including gestures, eye behavior, facial expressions and posture. The fourth part talk about different meanings of body language in various countries and personal space, if we know the knowledge of this two aspects, we can avoid the embracement in cross cultural communication. The fifth part is the conclusion of the whole paper. Body language is known as non-verbal behavior which transmits information through gestures, actions and facial expressions. People communicate with each other by their body language in the ways of nodding, waving, eye contacting, shrugging and so on. According to the research results of psychologists, these ways can express what the verbal language cannot directly. Body language can be divided into sight language, body touches language, posture and gesture, manner, facial expression, flavor language, proxemics and clothes language. Some body languages are not only innate but also unconscious and subconscious. Take excited people for example, their pupil will dilate automatically; eyebrows move when greeting; frown when discontented; yawn when fatigued; bite teeth when anger and usually people smile when happy, cry when sad and blush when shame. However, other body languages are postnatal. Various peoples form unique body languages due to the language backgrounds of their living. The gesture of Britain and American man is totally different when they sit with their legs crossed. American likes shrugging, and they often do a forward body gesture when they speak in future tense. Cupped-hand salute is peculiar only in China, we use it in such cases: congratulate when happy get-together; extend one"s heartfelt respects when spend festivals; express heartfelt thanks and entrust in some special situations. How we come across to someone is decided only for a small part by the words we speak. To leave a good impression behind, say at a job interview, it is important that we know, and to a certain extent can control, our body language. The person on the receiving end of our body language will have a feeling or impression that is often difficult to describe, difficult to put into words or difficult to prove what actually was communicated. Haven"t we all said at times: ‘I have a feeling heshe likes me", or something like: ‘I doubt if what heshe is saying is really the truth". This type of feeling is called intuition. Body language plays a big role in intuition as it gives us messages about the other person that we can interpret at an intuitive level. It is therefore necessary to get to know our own body language first. We should learn about it so that we can recognize it in others as well as in ourselves. For this purpose, we will describe all the different aspects of body language in the following parts. We can learn something from the different aspects of body language. Without gestures, our world would be static and colorless. The movements of our arms, hands, eyes, and feet constitute another important way in which we broadcast, interpersonal data. So we will talk about this subject more. In a very general sense, we all use gestures to reinforce an idea or to help describe something. When we say, “That"s an English book”, at the same time we are pointing to the book. If someone asks us the way to the library, we point to the right, adding a little information about it, which will be more clear and concrete. We may literally roll up our sleeves when talking about cleaning up the room, run to meet the person we are eager to see, stand up when saying “We will go now.” We like to use our hands to indicate the dimensions when someone asks us to describe the size or shape of something. It seems natural to clench our first or perhaps even proud the lectern to let everyone realize the importance of our message when trying to communicate a strong feeling, which emphasizes our words. In classroom, it is unnecessarily stand in front of the blackboard for the teacher at the whole time. The teacher may move from behind the lectern when they wait to be informed; move to the right or left when making a major point so that they can communicate with students very well and enhance his or her teaching quality. However, exaggerated body movement, we should say, can cause harm, too, just as a saying goes, “Going too far is as bad as not going far enough.” This teacher must avoid overdone movement because it can be so distracting, to the students that it loses track of what the teacher is saying. Some of us have such feeling, that is, in a class or speech, we become more interested in the speaker"s motion than we do in the speaker"s message when we see the speaker pace and forth in front of us. At last we just remember the movement of the speaker, but get nothing about the information. The same is true in any context. “If a body movement distracts from the idea, it is damaging.” Of course, there are also many other gestures, for instance, head movement; shaking the head or nodding. Perhaps we learn those gestures and movements at an early age, and probably use and interpret them almost without thinking.Gestures and body language communicate as effectively as words- maybe even more effectively. We use gestures daily, almost instinctively, from beckoning to a waiter, or punctuating a business presentation with visual signals to airport ground attendants guiding an airline pilot into the jet way or a parent using a whole dictionary of gestures to teach (or preach to) a child.Gestures are woven inextricably into our social lives, but also that the "vocabulary" of gestures, can be at once informative and entertaining... but also dangerous. Gestures can be menacing (two drivers on a freeway), warm (an open-armed welcome), instructive (a police man giving road directions), or even sensuous (the liquid movement of a Hawaiian hula dancer). Bear in mind that the following gestures are in general use, but there may always be exceptions. In recent years, Western and contemporary values and ideas have become more popular and has either influenced, altered, and even replaced, some of the more traditional gestures, understanding human behavior is tricky stuff. No two people behave in precisely the same way. Nor do people from the same culture all perform exactly the same gestures and body language uniformly. For almost any gestures there will probably be a minority within a given nationality who might say, "Well, some might attach that meaning t．．．

联系专员交流专员

Body language is a broad term for forms of communication using body movements or gestures instead of, or in addition to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. It forms part of the category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of human communication that are not verbal language. The relation of body language to animal communication has often been discussed. Human paralanguage may represent a continuation of forms of communication that our non-linguistic ancestors already used, or it may be that it has been changed by co-existing with language. Some species of animals are especially adept at detecting human body language, both voluntary and involuntary: this is the basis of the Clever Hans effect (a source of artifact in comparative psychology), and was also the reason for trying to teach the chimpanzee Washoe American Sign Language rather than speech — and perhaps the reason why the Washoe project was more successful than some previous efforts to teach apes how to dance. Nonverbal communication (NVC) is usually understood as the process of sending and receiving wordless messages. Such messages can be communicated through gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye gaze; object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture; symbols and infographics; prosodic features of speech such as intonation and stress and other paralinguistic features of speech such as voice quality, emotion and speaking style. The first scientific study of nonverbal communication was Charles Darwin"s book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). He argued that all mammals show emotion reliably in their faces. Studies now range across a number of fields, including kinesics, linguistics, semiotics and social psychology. Proxemics refers to how people use and interpret space. While much nonverbal communication is based on arbitrary symbols which differ from culture to culture, a large proportion is also to some extent iconic and may be universally understood. Paul Ekman"s influential 1960s studies of facial expression determined that expressions of anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness and surprise are universal. 好长…………

不知道你说的是英语上的区别还是科研上发文的区别？如果是后者，我理解的correspondence像是信件之类的，比如针对于期刊原来发表的文章或者是条约等表达自己的看法和意见，或者是把研究中的main idea说一下，长度就几段话。但是communication是通讯，跟长文一样也需要系统的研究，但是需要的新颖性前瞻性较强，让创新性研究能尽快发表，有的时候数据量也不比长文少。个人理解

explicit communication显式通信双语例句1Human communication explicit language communication and dive by thecombination of language communication.人类的交际由显语言交际和潜语言交际的结合。2Cooperative Principle distinguishes clearly what is explicitly said and what isimplicated. It does not give any explanation of explicit communication.合作原则严格区分了明说与暗含，且没有对明示交际做出阐述。

communications network[英][ku0259mju:niu02c8keiu0283(u0259)nz u02c8netwu0259:k][美][ku0259u02ccmjunu026au02c8keu0283u0259nz u02c8nu025btu02ccwu025ak]通信网络例：The government also hopes to build a nation-wide emergency communications network capable of handling both voice and data.政府也希望在全国范围内建立能同时处理语音和数据的应急通讯网络。

当然是

你应该多与他人交流。 communication在这里做名词，是交流的意思，翻译为交流的时候是不可数的，所以是 you should have more communication with others

communications technology通讯技术

高导通性的意思 是物理学

没有这句你用communication表达“联系，联络”，而communication这个词本书做“交换信息”的意思是不可数的，前面不能加a。朗文上communication全部用法如下：1[uncountable]表示theprocessbywhichpeopleexchangeinformationorexpresstheirthoughtsandfeelings:例句：Goodcommunicationisvitalinalargeorganization.例句：Radiowasthepilot"sonlymeansofcommunication.2communicationsa)[plural]表示waysofsendinginformation,especiallyusingradio,telephone,orcomputers:例句：Moderncommunicationsareenablingmorepeopletoworkfromhome.b)[plural]表示roads,railwaysetcthatareusedfortravellingandsendinggoodscommunicationswith例句：ParishasgoodcommunicationswithmanyEuropeancities.c)[uncountable]表示thestudyofusingradio,television,cinemaetctocommunicate:adiplomaincommunications3[uncountable]表示thewaypeopleexpressthemselvessothatotherpeoplewillunderstand:例句：aweek"scourseinimprovingcommunicationskills例句：Therehasbeenabreakdownincommunication(=failure).4beincommunicationwithsomebodyformal表示totalkorwritetosomeoneregularly5[countable]formal表示aletter,message,ortelephonecall:例句：acommunicationfromtheMinistryofDefence

简要的回答你交通银行中的交通的含义这个交通不是指车辆的，而是指交流融通！

是 communication communication 作“交流”,“联系”讲时 是抽象名词, 一般不加s a means/method/system of communication 交流手段/ 方式/ 系统: 再如： Letters are their only means of communication. 书信是他们唯一的联系方式. 作“ 通信工具” 讲时是可数名词 如： All communications with the north have been stopped by snowstorm. 北部的一切交通均为暴风雪所阻.

NC 2011年获得第一个影响因子为7.396，2012年影响因子上涨到10分档，后续一直在10分以上。 Nature Communications是一本开放获取期刊，论文接收后，版面费为5380美元，较往年上涨了180美元。Nature Communications （以下简写为NC）是首个冠名“Nature”品牌的纯开放获取刊物。2010年创刊时为混合型期刊，出版开放获取及订阅形式的论文。从2016年1月起，该刊转为全部开放获取。相关内容解释：NC收稿范围（Aims & Scope）是致力于发表生物、健康、物理、化学和地球科学所有领域的高质量研究。具体涉及到肿瘤学、免疫学、生物学、化学、分子生物学、细胞生物学、表观遗传学、生物化工、有机合成、无机材料、生物技术、合成生物学、干细胞、植物科学、地学等等。NC的审稿周期从投稿成功到首轮编辑部决定作出的中位数时间是8天；从投稿成功到第一轮外审结束并作出决定的中位数时间是46天；从投稿成功到最终收到决定意见的中位数时间是200天。论文润色、翻译、推广建议选择国际科学编辑，国际科学编辑都是英语为母语 (Native Speaker) 的资深编辑，并且至今仍活跃在各自的学术研究领域里，他们是经过欧洲公司严格挑选后才入选编辑队伍的。如作者需要，在学者收到编辑完成的文稿后，国际科学编辑可以出具相关电子文件证明其文章是由International Science Editing编辑修改完成的。

交通银行英文名称Bank of Communications。Communicationsn. [通信] 通信；沟通；通讯系统；交通设施（communication的复数形式）广义上是交流通讯，简称交通，此交通非彼交通，并不是运输中的交通。所以Bank of Communications是交通银行也是说的过去的。扩展资料：交通银行发展史1908年（光绪三十四年），交通银行始建。1919年，第一次世界大战结束以后，交通银行上海分行接管了位于上海公共租界外滩14号的德华银行的文艺复兴风格的4层大楼。1928年，随着全国政治中心从北京转移到南京，交通银行也将总行迁到上海外滩14号。1937年，抗日战争爆发，交通银行将总行迁到重庆。1951年交通银行总行于迁回上海，上海外滩14号行址由上海市总工会进驻。1986年7月24日为适应中国经济体制改革和发展，作为金融改革的试点，国务院批准重新组建交通银行。2007年5月15日，交通银行在上海证券交易所挂牌上市上市。2016年，美国《财富》杂志发布的世界500强公司排行榜，交通银行营业收入位列第153位。参考资料来源：百度百科-交通银行

communication是可数名词。名词复数: communications。作为不可数名词意思是：通信，交流，联络；作为可数名词其意思是：情报，通讯产品，通讯设备。 扩展资料 　　例句： 　　Good communication is key to our success。 　　良好的沟通是我们成功的`关键。 　　We are in regular communication by letter。 　　我们定期通信联系。 　　Television is an effective means of communication。 　　电视是一种有效的通信手段。 　　The rocket launched two communications satellites。 　　火箭发射了两颗通信卫星。 　　Our first task is to set up a communications system。 　　我们的首项任务是架设通信系统。

communication的用法与搭配如下：用法：1、communication在商业信函和公文中常解释为“信函”。We have received your communication of 25 April.我们在四月二十五日收到了您的信函。2、Ministry of Communications意为“交通部”，当中的Communications指的是所有一切交通方法或交通工具（means of communication）。3、表示部队从后方到前方的“交通线”时，可用line of communication(s)。4、用作名词Telegraph communication was broken off.电讯中断了。搭配：animal communication 动物交往。communication channel 通信信道，消息交流渠道。双语例句：1、Culture plays a large part in non-verbal communication.文化在非语言交流中起着很大的作用。2、Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.蜜蜂之间所用的交流方式是昆虫中最为复杂的方式之一。3、The vehicle that permitted both communication and acceptability was social revolution.既能实现交流又能被广为接受的手段就是社会革命。4、Communication of whatever sort involves not just a speaker but a hearer too.任何一种交流都不仅要有说话者，还要有听者。

host communications 英[hu0259ust ku0259mju:niu02c8keiu0283(u0259)nz] 美[host ku0259u02ccmjunu026au02c8keu0283u0259nz] [词典] 与助通信; [例句]Hardware includes the test circuit, wireless transceiver and host computercommunications; we also developed corresponding software programs.硬件部分包括测试电路、无线收发和上位机通信，并编制了相应的软件程序。

没有这种用法，在这里communication的意思为交流。而communication表示交流时是不可数名词,表示通讯和交通是可数名词。communication用作名词表示交流，通讯，沟通，传达等含义。communication在商业信函和公文中常解释为“信函”。Ministry of Communications意为“交通部”，当中的Communications指的是所有一切交通方法或交通工具)；表示部队从后方到前方的“交通线”时，可用line of communication(s)。单词的记忆方法1、运用读音规则记忆法英语是拼音文字，根据英语这一特点，使语音与单词中的字母有机的结合，以增强单词的记忆。就是利用英语国际音标来识记单词。国际音标是标识标记英语语音的符号系统。2、形义联想形义联想记忆法就是在单词的组成部分与单词词义之间寻找联系进行记忆的方法，可分为四种：拼合联想记忆法，汉语拼音联想记忆法，缀合法，比较联想记忆法。3、比较记忆法比较是人们认识客观世界的重要手段，有比较才有鉴别，不经过比较就很难弄清事物的相互关系。这里介绍的是对相似而又不同的单词进行对比分析，弄清它们的异同以进行记忆的方法。

没有这种用法，在这里communication的意思为交流。而communication表示交流时是不可数名词,表示通讯和交通是可数名词。communication用作名词表示交流，通讯，沟通，传达等含义。communication在商业信函和公文中常解释为“信函”。Ministry of Communications意为“交通部”，当中的Communications指的是所有一切交通方法或交通工具)；表示部队从后方到前方的“交通线”时，可用line of communication(s)。单词的记忆方法1、运用读音规则记忆法英语是拼音文字，根据英语这一特点，使语音与单词中的字母有机的结合，以增强单词的记忆。就是利用英语国际音标来识记单词。国际音标是标识标记英语语音的符号系统。2、形义联想形义联想记忆法就是在单词的组成部分与单词词义之间寻找联系进行记忆的方法，可分为四种：拼合联想记忆法，汉语拼音联想记忆法，缀合法，比较联想记忆法。3、比较记忆法比较是人们认识客观世界的重要手段，有比较才有鉴别，不经过比较就很难弄清事物的相互关系。这里介绍的是对相似而又不同的单词进行对比分析，弄清它们的异同以进行记忆的方法。

communication是可数名词。名词复数： communications。中文释义：通信、沟通、交流、通讯、传播、书信、传达。可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数形式，当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。扩展资料举例说明：例如： Little children are fond of stories .小孩子们喜欢听故事。Movie stars are usually popular with young people. 影星们常受到年轻人的欢迎。它的单数形式前常用不定冠词a / an , 当它的单数形式在句子中作主语时，句 子的谓语也应用单数形式。例如： There is an orange on the table .桌上有个桔子。 A university is a higher educational institution .大学是高等教育机构。可数名词 countable noun ，常用缩写为cn.参考资料来源：百度百科——可数名词参考资料来源：百度百科——COMMUNICATION

communication的固定搭配如下：在这里communication的意思为交流。而communication表示交流时是不可数名词,表示通讯和交通是可数名词。communication用作名词表示交流，通讯，沟通，传达等含义。communication在商业信函和公文中常解释为“信函”。Ministry of Communications意为“交通部”，当中的Communications指的是所有一切交通方法或交通工具)；表示部队从后方到前方的“交通线”时，可用line of communication(s)。单词的记忆方法：1、运用读音规则记忆法。英语是拼音文字，根据英语这一特点，使语音与单词中的字母有机的结合，以增强单词的记忆。就是利用英语国际音标来识记单词。国际音标是标识标记英语语音的符号系统。2、形义联想。形义联想记忆法就是在单词的组成部分与单词词义之间寻找联系进行记忆的方法，可分为四种：拼合联想记忆法，汉语拼音联想记忆法，缀合法，比较联想记忆法。3、比较记忆法。比较是人们认识客观世界的重要手段，有比较才有鉴别，不经过比较就很难弄清事物的相互关系。这里介绍的是对相似而又不同的单词进行对比分析，弄清它们的异同以进行记忆的方法。

communication 英[ku0259u02ccmju:nu026au02c8keu026au0283n] 美[ku0259u02ccmjunu026au02c8keu0283u0259n] n. 交流; 通讯，通信; 书信; 传达; [网络] 沟通; 通讯; 通信; [例句]Culture plays a large part in non-verbal communication.文化在非语言交流中起着很大的作用。[其他] 复数：communications形近词： electrommunication communicatory communicative

通信= =对话= =

The influence of the communication technology in teenagers have deepened with the development it. This influence has both positive and negative impact. On the positive side, teenagers now can talk to strangers from all over the world and get to know different culture and customs, they also have better opportunity to learn foreign language. Also teenagers will have more chances to befriend someone. However this brings out the negative impact. Due to the nature of communication technology, teenagers may befriend with someone they never seen before. This can be dangerous as the stranger can be a villain giving wrong impression of world to the teenagers and teenagers due to the young age, will accept the wrong impression and hence have bad influence.高中的话，这里应该没生词吧？

一、专业简介当代科技进步与发展中最引人注目的莫过于几乎尽人皆知的信息技术,尤其无线通信成为人们不可缺少的内容，近代通信技术是移动通信、有线通信；微波、光纤；计算机网络、程控交换等的交叉组合。传输语音、图像、数据，以及多媒体。现代通信系统对传输内容进行信号与信息处理，通过对信息的压缩与编码进行存储、传输，通过编码加密保证电子信息的安全传输。大规模可编程器件、DSP、嵌入系统支持支持了现代通信设备的高速、可靠运行。对上述内容的理论和技术，从不同侧重面，通信工程专业开展对本科生的教学培养。 二、专业培养目标本专业培养适应社会主义现代化建设需要的，德智体美全面发展的，在通信技术、通信系统、通信设备和通信网等领域里有坚实的理论基础和实验技能，能从事各类电子通信设备、通信系统和通信技术的研究、设计、制造、调试、维修、运营的高级工程技术人才。 三、专业培养要求本专业的学生主要学习通信系统和通信网络方面的基础理论、组成原理和设计方法，受到通信工程实践的基本训练，具备从事现代通信系统和通信网络的研究、设计、制造、安装、调试、维修、运营的基本能力。毕业生应获得以下几方面的知识和能力：1 掌握通信领域的基本理论和基本知识；2 掌握移动通信、程控交换技术、计算机网络与数据通信等现代通信技术；3 了解信号处理、流媒体技术、广播电视网技术；4 掌握通信系统和通信网的分析和设计方法；5 掌握电子线路与系统的设计方法；6 了解嵌入式系统的设计方法；6 了解通信技术的最新进展与发展动态；7 掌握文献检索、资料查询的基本方法；8 具有一定的科学研究和实际工作能力。 四、主干学科信息与通信工程，计算机科学与技术。 五、主要课程电路原理，低频电子线路, 通信用电子线路，数字电路及逻辑设计，微型计算机原理及接口技术，信号与系统，通信原理，数字信号处理，数字移动通信，计算机网络与数据通信，程控交换技术，通信技术综合实验。 六、主要实践环节电子工艺实习，低频电子线路课程设计，通信用电子线路实验，数字电路及逻辑设计课程设计，通信技术综合实验，微控制器课程设计，生产实习，毕业实习及毕业设计。 七、学制本科标准学制四年（弹性学制3－6年）。 八、授予学位工学学士。

我觉得要加的哦

PCS

Business Communication:communication used to promote a product, service, or organization; relay information within the business; or deal with legal and similar issues. It is also a means of relying between a supply chain, for example the consumer and manufacturer.Business Communication is known simply as "Communications." It encompasses a variety of topics, including Marketing, Branding, Customer relations, Consumer behaviour, Advertising, Public relations, Corporate communication, Community engagement, Research & Measurement, Reputation management, Interpersonal communication, Employee engagement, Online communication, and Event management. It is closely related to the fields of professional communication and technical communication.In business, the term communications encompasses various channels of communication, including the Internet, Print (Publications), Radio, Television, Ambient media, Outdoor, and Word of mouth.Business Communication can also refer to internal communication. A communications director will typically manage internal communication and craft messages sent to employees. It is vital that internal communications are managed properly because a poorly crafted or managed message could foster distrust or hostility from employees.[1]Business Communication is a common topic included in the curricula of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) programs of many universities. AS well, many community colleges and universities offer degrees in Communications.There are several methods of business communication, including:Web-based communication - for better and improved communication, anytime anywhere ... e-mails, which provide an instantaneous medium of written communication worldwide; Reports - important in documenting the activities of any department; Presentations - very popular method of communication in all types of organizations, usually involving audiovisual material, like copies of reports, or material prepared in Microsoft PowerPoint or Adobe Flash; telephoned meetings, which allow for long distance speech; forum boards, which allow people to instantly post information at a centralized location; and face-to-face meetings, which are personal and should be succeeded by a written followup

communications Co.,Ltd.加个tele 就应该具体指的电讯了 所以第一个更广一些

Angewandte-Communications应用通信communications[英][ku0259mju:nu026a"keu026au0283(u0259)nz][美][ku0259u02ccmju:nu026a"keu026au0283u0259nz]n.通信; 交流( communication的名词复数 ); 交际; 信息; 通信工具; 例句:1.The research revolutionised modern communications. 这项研究彻底改变了现代通信。.-----------------------------------如有疑问欢迎追问！满意请点击右上方【选为满意回答】按钮

communication是可数名词。名词复数: communications。中文释义:通信、沟通、交流、通讯、传播、书信、传达； 可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时,句子的谓语也应用复数形式。有单数和复数两种形式。 扩展资料 　　Snow has prevented communication with the outside world for threedays. 　　大雪使得与外界的通信联系中断了三天。 　　Speech is the fastest method of communication between people. 　　说话是人与人之间交流最快捷的方法。 　　Good communication is key to our success. 　　良好的.沟通是我们成功的关键。 　　Doctors do not always have good communication skills. 　　医生不一定都具备良好的交际能力。

交流能力很差

你应该多与他人交流。communication在这里做名词，是交流的意思，翻译为交流的时候是不可数的，所以是you should have more communication with others

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/64621684.html?si=2已经有人解释过了，可以看看

交流的意思

交际

interact是互动，是一比众多的。如:Yougottointeractwithyouraudiences.communticate是沟通，是一比一的。如:Yougottocommunicatewithyourspouse.

Secretaries may have many other different titles, such as administrative assistant, clerk, or personal assistant. Although all of these titles focus on administrative work, they reflect different kinds of secretarial work. Secretarial posts are very ancient. For example, businessmen and politicians in ancient Greece and Rome employed private secretaries and clerks to manage their affairs.秘书可能会有很多其他不同的头衔，例如行政助理、文员或私人助理。尽管所有这些头衔都以行政工作为主旨，但它们却反映了不同种类的秘书工作。秘书岗位十分古老，例如，古希腊和罗马的商人和政客们就曾雇用私人秘书和文员来管理他们的事务。The Secretary"s job is to keep the office running smoothly. Secret: the book has a wide range of responsibilities, which vary according to their office. As a minimum, secretaries are required to process correspondence, track schedules, manage document systems, operate office equipment such as telephones, fax machines, copiers, etc. Many secretaries also have to answer the phone and transfer it to the right person.秘书的工作就是使办公室顺利运转。秘:书的职责范围很广，依据他们所在办公室的不同而各异。就最低要求来说，秘书要处理信函,跟踪日程安排，管理文件系统，操作电话、传真机、复印机等办公设备。许多秘书还要接听电话，并将其转给适当的人员。Some secretaries are also responsible for the procurement of office supplies, and they may also handle budgets, bookkeeping and personnel documents. Secretaries should have experience in using computers and other electronic equipment, as they will handle a large amount of electronic information, including correspondence. Good secretaries are highly efficient and methodical.有些秘书还要负责办公室用品的采购，他们也可能会处理预算、簿记和人事文档。秘书应当具备使用电脑和其他电子设备的经验，因为他们将处理大量的电子资料，包括往来信函。好的秘书工作效率极高，且有条不紊。In addition to their paperwork skills, they are also good at managing time and people. Although they may not be as well paid and respected as others at higher levels, they often play a very important role in the office. They can anticipate the needs of office staff and solve problems quickly.除了具备文书技能之外,他们还善于管理时间和人员。尽管他们的薪水和受尊敬的程度也许不如其他更高级别的人员，但在办公室中他们往往起着十分重要的作用。他们能预估办公室人员的需求，迅速解决问题。They work so efficiently that many people don"t realize their value until they leave. A good secretary is also good at interpersonal communication. They are also very trustworthy and can be entrusted with confidential documents, dealing with senior management and dealing with the chaos that often occurs in busy offices. Employment prospects in the secretarial industry are usually good, especially for experienced people.他们工作效率非常高，以至于许多人直到他们离开之后才意识到他们的价值所在。好的秘书还善于人际沟通。他们也非常值得信赖，可以委托他们处理机密文件，与高层管理人士打交道并应付在繁忙的办公室里经常会出现的混乱情况。秘书行业的就业前景通常很好，对有经验者尤其如此。Many vocational schools offer training courses for people who want to be secretaries. These courses include typing, document management, document filing, and other skills a good secretary must have at work. While it is possible to get secretarial positions without these training, it can be very challenging in an increasingly professional society.许多职业学校为有意当秘书的人们提供了培训课程。这些课程包括打字、文件管理、文件归档，以及一个好的秘书在工作中所必需具备的其他技能。虽然没有这些培训要获得秘书职位也是有可能的，但这在一个越来越专业化的社会里可能非常具有挑战性。扩展资料这部分内容主要考察的是表语的知识点：表语属于主语补足语，语法名词，说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语位于系动词之后，与系动词联系十分紧密，有系动词就有表语，有表语就有系动词。通常由名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句来充当。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句，表语就是起表述作用的句子成分之一。不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主语“是什么”；分词作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。不定式和动名词作表语虽都是用于回答主语“是什么”的，但二者仍有一些区别。不定式作表语强调的是具体的、将要发生的、一次性的动作；动名词作表语强调的是抽象的、经常发生的、一般性的动作。

IEEE Communications Letters. 中文刊名, IEEE通讯快报（美）,所属大类为工程

conversation Communicate的区别为：指代不同、用法不同、侧重点不同一、指代不同1、conversation：交谈，谈话。2、Communicate：沟通，传达。二、用法不同1、conversation：conversation的意思是“谈话，会谈”，两个或两个以上的人非正式地互相交换意见、思想、消息，侧重于“交流”。其内容可以是令人愉快的，也可以是令人厌烦的。2、Communicate：communicate的基本意思是“传达”“表达”，指把信息、知识、性能等传达给有关各方使用，引申可表示“交际”“交流”“交通”或“相连”“相通”。communicate可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词，用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语。三、侧重点不同1、conversation：Conversation是名词。2、Communicate：Communicate是动词。

conversation用做名词，复数加s就行，表示谈话次数时可数。在说“跟……进行谈话”可以说“hold或have a conversation，不能说take a conversation。 Communicate用做动词。【第一个conversation是谈话交流，第二个传达，表达; 显示：清晰地揭示; 表明; 传染：扩散; 】communicate的基本意思是“传达”“表达”,指把信息、知识、性能等传达给有关各方使用，引申可表示“交际”“交流”“交通”或“相连”“相通”。communicate可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词，用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语。communicate接介词to可以表示“传送给…”,接with可以表示“与…联系”或“与…相通”。 我不知道还能怎么说了，已经查了很多了

前者偏向于交流沟通，后者偏向于媒体资料的

【答案】：A名词辨析。本题考查的是考生对于词义的掌握和依据上下文进行判断推理的 能力。正确答案搭配介词to them，而[B]sense应该搭配for，因此不能为答案；[A]、[C]、[D]搭配to似乎都是合理的。而结合上下文分析，在剧场发生大火之后，句子主语“喜剧制作人”和“舞蹈演员”之间的关系不应该是[c]communication“保持联系”，也不能是[D]connection“保持连接”，只能是[A]commitment“保持一个承诺”。

交涉破裂之舞Communication breakdancerDAN DARI DOO WA DEE以眼就能传心的话就不会有这种事了说这不是该生气的事吧这不是该打人的事吧明明像称赞的好意却被曲解了啊咧……哎呀 搞砸了我说了什么过分的话吗？不断解释“你误会了”却只有反效果放弃吧Communication breakdancerDAN DARI DOO WA DEE以眼就能传心的话就不会有这种事了吧就不需要伤脑筋了说这不是该怒吼的事吧这不是该哭的事吧一个小玩笑变成了利刃又来了…… 搞砸啦？深深刺伤人家了试着搞笑来缓和气氛哎—— 却让小波变成了大浪Communication breakdancerDAN DARI DOO WA DEE以眼就能传心的话就不会有这种事了说就不需要伤脑筋了说Communication breakdancerDAN DARI DOO WA DEE以眼就能传心的话就不会有这种事了说Communication breakdancerDAN DARI DOO WA DEE以眼就能传心的话就不会有这种事了说就不需要伤脑筋了说就不会有这种事了说就不会伤脑筋了说

大家好，本期为大家带来的是Nature集团旗下的子刊Nature Communications，专门发表生物学、物理学和化学等各领域的高质量研究论文，2020年的影响因子为14.91. 1 Cryo-EM structures of human A2ML1 elucidate the protease-inhibitory mechanism of the A2M family 人 A2ML1 的冷冻电镜结构阐明了 A2M 家族的蛋白酶抑制机制 A2ML1 是一种单体蛋白酶抑制剂，属于蛋白酶抑制剂和补体因子的 A2M 超家族。该研究中，作者研究了人类 A2ML1 的蛋白酶抑制机制，并确定了其天然和蛋白酶切割构象的结构。 A2ML1 的功能抑制单元是一种单体，它依赖于蛋白酶的共价结合（由 A2ML1 的硫酯介导）来实现抑制。与将蛋白酶捕获在由四个亚基形成的两个内室中的 A2M 四聚体相比，在蛋白酶切割的单体 A2ML1 中，无序区域围绕捕获的蛋白酶并可能阻止底物进入。在天然 A2ML1 中，诱饵区域穿过疏水通道，这表明诱饵区域切割对这种排列的破坏会触发广泛的构象变化，从而导致蛋白酶抑制。与补体 C3/C4 的结构比较表明，A2M 蛋白质超家族具有这种机制，可触发蛋白水解激活后发生的构象变化。 2 Origins of glycan selectivity in streptococcal Siglec-like adhesins suggest mechanisms of receptor adaptation 链球菌 Siglec 样粘附素中聚糖选择性的起源表明受体适应机制 细菌与宿主受体的结合是共生和发病机制的基础。 许多链球菌使用 Siglec 样结合区 (SLBR) 粘附在细胞表面表达的蛋白质附着碳水化合物上。 识别的精确聚糖库可能决定生物体是否是严格的共生体而不是病原体。 然而，目前尚不清楚是什么驱动了受体选择性。 该研究中，作者使用了五个具有代表性的 SLBR，并确定了序列和结构高变的受体结合位点区域。 结果表明，这些区域使用嵌合发生和单个氨基酸取代来控制首选碳水化合物配体的身份。 作者进一步评估了首选配体的身份如何影响与人类唾液和血浆样品中糖蛋白受体的相互作用。 由于点突变可以改变首选的人类受体，这些研究表明链球菌如何适应环境聚糖库的变化。 3 Computationally designed hyperactive Cas9 enzymes 计算设计的高活性 Cas9 酶 改变活细胞基因组的能力是了解基因如何影响生物体功能的关键，并且对于修改生命系统以达到有用的目的至关重要。 然而，这一目标长期以来一直受到基因工程所涉及的技术挑战的限制。 基因编辑的最新进展绕过了其中一些挑战，但结果并不理想。 该研究中，作者使用 FuncLib 计算设计具有显着更高的不依赖于供体的编辑活性的 Cas9 酶。 作者使用与酵母细胞存活相关的遗传回路来量化 Cas9 活性并发现工程区域之间的协同相互作用。 这些过度活跃的 Cas9 变体在哺乳动物细胞中有效发挥作用，并将更大、更多样化的插入和缺失池引入目标基因组区域，为增强和扩展基于 CRISPR 的基因编辑的可能应用提供了工具。 4 Modular (de)construction of complex bacterial phenotypes by CRISPR/nCas9-assisted, multiplex cytidine base-editing 通过 CRISPR/nCas9 辅助、多重胞苷碱基编辑对复杂细菌表型进行 模块化（去）构建 CRISPR/Cas 技术构成了基因组工程的强大工具，但它们在非传统细菌中的使用取决于宿主因素或外源重组酶，这限制了效率和通量。该研究中，作者通过为革兰氏阴性菌开发广泛适用的基因组工程工具集来减轻这些实际限制。该挑战通过定制 CRISPR 碱基编辑器来解决，该编辑器能够以 >90% 的效率实现单核苷酸分辨率操作 (C·G T·A)。此外，将 Cas6 介导的guide RNAs 处理整合到用于质粒组装的流线型协议中，支持多重碱基编辑，效率 >85%。该工具集用于构建和解构土壤细菌恶臭假单胞菌中的复杂表型。芳香化合物生产表型的单步工程和复杂氧化还原代谢的多步解构说明了该工具箱提供的多重碱基编辑的多功能性。因此，这种方法克服了以前技术的典型局限性，并赋予了迄今为止遥不可及的革兰氏阴性细菌工程计划。 5 Improving recombinant protein production by yeast through genome-scale modeling using proteome constraints 通过使用蛋白质组约束的基因组规模建模提高酵母的重组蛋白产量 真核细胞被用作细胞工厂来生产和分泌大量重组药物蛋白，包括目前最畅销的几种药物。 由于分泌途径的重要作用和复杂性，传统上通过代谢工程改进重组蛋白生产相对临时。 并且需要一种更系统的方法来产生新颖的设计原则。 该研究中，作者提出了酵母酿酒酵母 (pcSecYeast) 的蛋白质组约束的基因组规模蛋白质分泌模型，这使得能够模拟和解释由有限的分泌能力引起的表型。 作者进一步应用 pcSecYeast 模型来预测生产几种重组蛋白的过表达目标。通过实验验证了许多预测的 α-淀粉酶生产目标，以证明 pcSecYeast 作为计算工具在指导酵母工程和改进重组蛋白生产方面的应用。 6 An in vivo gene amplification system for high level expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 一种在酿酒酵母中高水平表达的体内基因扩增系统 由于基因表达水平不足导致的代谢途径瓶颈仍然是使用微生物细胞工厂进行工业生物生产的一个重大问题。增加基因剂量可以克服这些瓶颈，但目前的方法存在许多缺点。该研究中，作者描述了 HapAmp，一种使用单倍体不足作为进化力量来驱动体内基因扩增的方法。 HapAmp 可实现异源基因拷贝的高效、可滴定和稳定整合，将多达 47 个拷贝传递到酵母基因组中。该方法以代谢工程为例，可显着提高倍半萜橙花油、单萜柠檬烯和四萜番茄红素的产量。柠檬烯滴度在单个工程步骤中提高了 20 倍，在烧瓶培养中 1 g L -1 。作者还展示了酵母中异源蛋白质产量的显着增加。 HapAmp 是一种快速解锁代谢瓶颈的有效方法，用于微生物细胞工厂的发展。 7 Discovery and characterization of a terpene biosynthetic pathway featuring a norbornene-forming Diels-Alderase 发现和表征具有降冰片烯形成 Diels-Alderase 的萜烯生物合成途径 周环酶，即催化周环反应的酶，形成了具有生物催化效用的不断扩大的酶家族。尽管发现了越来越多的周环酶，但令人惊讶的是，环戊二烯和烯烃亲二烯体之间的 Diels-Alder 环化反应形成降冰片烯，这是合成化学中研究最好的环加成反应之一，迄今为止还没有相应的酶促反应。该研究中，作者报告了以降冰片烯合酶 SdnG 为特征的途径的发现，该途径用于生物合成 sordaricin - 抗真菌天然产物 sordarin 的萜烯前体。sordaricin 生物合成的完全重构揭示了 Nature 使用的一种简洁的氧化策略，用于将完全碳氢化合物前体转化为 SdnG 的高度功能化底物，用于分子内 Diels-Alder 环加成。SdnG 生成 sordaricin 的降冰片烯核心并加速该反应以抑制活化的亲双烯体的宿主介导的氧化还原修饰。这项工作的发现扩大了周环酶催化反应和 P450 介导的萜烯成熟的范围。 8 Rationally engineering santalene synthase to readjust the component ratio of sandalwood oil 合理改造檀香合成酶调整檀香油成分比例 植物精油 (PEO) 广泛用于化妆品和保健品行业。 PEO的成分比例决定了它们的质量。在PEO生物技术平台的建设中，控制组分比例是一项挑战。该研究中，作者通过多尺度模拟 探索 产物混杂和产物特异性檀香烯合酶（即 SaSSy 和 SanSyn）的催化反应途径。 SanSyn 的 F441 被发现是限制中间体构象动力学的关键残基，因此一般碱基 T298 的直接去质子化主要产生 α-檀香烯。随后对该塑料残基的诱变导致产生突变酶 SanSynF441V，该酶可产生 α-和 β-檀香烯。通过代谢工程的努力，檀香萜/檀香酚滴度达到 704.2 mg/L，成分比与 ISO 3518:2002 标准非常匹配。本研究代表了通过代谢和酶工程相结合构建具有理想组分比例的 PEO 生物技术平台的范例。

交际目的objectives of communication

nature communications是英国nature集团旗下的子刊，Nature Communications 是一个仅在网上出版的多学科杂志,专门发表生物学、物理学和化学等各领域的高质量研究论文。Nature子刊包括：Nature Biotechnology、Nature Cell Biology、Nature Chemical Biology、Nature Chemistry、Nature Climate Change、Nature Communications、Nature Genetics、Nature Geoscience、Nature Immunology、Nature Materials、Nature Medicine、Nature Methods、Nature Nanotechnology、Nature Neuroscience、Nature Photonics、Nature Physics、Nature Structural and Molecular Biology

打印机的部件到了使用寿命。请与爱普生授权服务中心联系!(或双灯交差闪)”废墨已满，再者，”废墨收集器已经满“5B00这就需要清零程序来清零了这时你就要清零了，清零软件也只能解决这个问题(解除废墨垫报警错误)，当然,软件不是万能的，其它问题包括“有异物”、“卡纸”、“无法识别墨盒”、“缺墨”、“打印不清晰”等都跟清零软件无关，<段少清零团队>会尽量帮助解决清零以外的问题

当出现此提示时，说明打印机内部负责收集废墨的装置已满，需要清零，为什么清零还出现错误communicationerror!Error code，具体解决方法如下：1、点破解2、解压软件——点AdjProgok3、点选择4、点端口——自动选择——OK5、点确定！就完成了！

歌曲名:4:14歌手:Global Communication专辑:76:14Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted发现 forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.However, as the evidence（证据） began to accumulate（积累）,experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.The hunt for（搜寻） the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw "a large cat" only five yards away from her.It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed（确认） that a puma will not attack（攻击） a human being人类 unless it is cornered（adj.被困得走投无路的）.The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed（看到） at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of(抱怨) "cat-like noises" at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from ?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of在某人手中(为......所有) a private collector and somehow managed to escape.The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think想起来真讨厌 that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.L2:Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since. One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o"clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. "Whatever are you doing up here Bill ?" asked the vicar in surprise." I"m trying to repair the bell," answered Bill." I"ve been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.""You certainly did give me a surprise!" said the vicar. "You"ve probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I"m glad the bell is working again.""That"s the trouble, vicar," answered Bill. "It"s working all right, but I"m afraid that at one o"clock it will strike thirteen times and there"s nothing I can do about it.""We"ll get used to that Bill," said the vicar. "Thirteen is not as good as one but it"s better than nothing. Now let"s go downstairs and have a cup of tea."The city was even equipped with a drainage system，for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets．The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hip. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.L4:These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than clerks who work in offices.People who work in offices are frequently referred to as" white collar workers" for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls(n.工作服) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.Alf"s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office as a junior clerk.He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him "Mr. Bloggs", not "Alf".L5:Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president"s palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it. The article began: "Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president"s palace." The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two urgent faxes, but received no reply.He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.However, he had at last been allowed to send a cable in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the 15-foot wall which surrounded the president"s palace.L6:The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty.Mr Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since 8 o"clock and had only just finished.Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop.The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweler"s. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.While this was going on, Mr Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed.Just as it was leaving, Mr Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.L7:Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing maching and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket?When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? People who live in Britain needn"t despair when they make mistakes like this(and a lot of people do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog.Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiance, John, runs a successful furniture business.John had a very good day and put his wallet containing ￡3000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping. Then he and Jane went horse-riding. When they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it, cooked her fiance"s wallet as well. Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash!John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilated Ladies!They examined the remains and John got all his money back. "So long as there"s something to identify, we will give people their money back," said a spokeswoman for the Bank."Last year, we paid ￡1.5m on 21000 claims."L8:The Great St Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2470 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.The famous monastery of St Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watch-dogs even in Roman times.Now that a tunnel has been buhttp://music.baidu.com/song/7397220

海底电缆（undersea cable）是用绝缘材料包裹的导线，铺设在海底，用于电信传输。海底电缆分海底通信电缆和海底电力电缆。现代的海底电缆都是使用光纤作为材料，传输电话和互联网信号。全世界第一条海底电缆是1850年在英国和法国之间铺设。中国的第一条海底电缆是在1888年完成。简介 海底电缆（undersea cable）是用绝缘材料包裹的导线，敷设在海底及河流水下，用于电信传输。现代的海底电缆都是使用光纤作为材料，传输电话和互联网信号。全世界第一条海底电缆是1850年在英国和法国之间铺设的。中国的第一条海底电缆是在1888年完成，共有两条，一是福州川石岛与台湾沪尾（淡水）之间，长177海里 另一条由台南安平通往澎湖，长53海里。分类 海底电缆分海底通信电缆和海底电力电缆。海底通信电缆主要用于通讯业务,费用海底电缆的铺设昂贵,但保密程度高。海底电力电缆主要用于水下传输大功率电能,与地下电力电缆的作用等同,只不过应用的场合和敷设的方式不同。由于海底电缆工程被世界各国公认为复杂困难的大型工程,从环境探测、海洋物理调查,以及电缆的设计、制造和安装,都应用复杂技术,因而海底电缆的制造厂家在世界上为数不多,主要有挪威、丹麦、日本、加拿大、美、英、法、意等国,这些国家除制造外还提供敷设技术。我国现在能生产海底电力电缆的厂家有沈阳电缆厂、上海电缆厂等。目前我国应用的海底电力电缆仍然需要进口。用途 海底通信电缆主要用于长距离通讯网、通常用于远距离岛屿之间、跨海军事设施等较重要的场合。海底电力电缆敷设距离较通信电缆相比要短得多,主要用于陆岛之间、横越江河或港湾、从陆上连接钻井平台或钻井平台间的互相连接等。在一般情况下,应用海底电缆传输电能无疑要比同样长度的架空电缆昂贵,但用它往往比用小而孤立的发电站作地区性发电更经济,在近海地区应用好处更多。在岛屿和河流较多的国家,此种电缆应用较广泛。历史发展 1858年,人们在北美和欧洲之间铺设了世界上第一条海底电缆,1866年，英国在大西洋铺设海底电缆的铺设了一条连接英美两国的海底电缆。 同陆地电缆相比，海底电缆有很多优越性：一是铺设不需要挖坑道或用支架支撑，因而投资少，建设速度快；二是除了登陆地段以外，电缆大多在一定测试的海底，不受风浪等自然环境的破坏和人类生产活动的干扰，所以，电缆安全稳定，抗干扰能力强，保密性能好。 1876年，贝尔发明电话后，海底电缆加入了新的内容，各国大规模铺设海底电缆的步伐加快了。1902年环球海底通信电缆建成。 1906年，世界上第一台激光器问世，人们开始利用激光能在光导纤维中传输的特性来传递信息。 世界上有32个国家与地区通过海底光缆建立了最现代化的全球通信网络，可同时进行30万路电话通话或数据传输。 海底光缆在中国也得到迅猛发展。1993年建成的中日海底光缆系统，可开通7560条电话电路。1997年在上海南汇又建设了一条天下无难事光缆（FLAG），连接全球20个国家，可开通12万条电话电路。现在我国开始建设中美、亚欧两条光缆，总通信能力将猛增到132万路。种类和应用范围 浸渍纸包电缆-适用于不大于45kV交流电及不大于400kV直流电的线路,目海底电缆前只限安装于水深500m以内的水域;自容式充油电缆-适用于高达750kV的直流电或交流电线路。由于电缆为充油式,故可以毫无困难地敷设于水深达500m的海域;挤压式绝缘(交联聚乙烯绝缘、乙丙橡胶绝缘)电缆-适用于高达200kV交流电压。乙丙橡胶较聚乙烯更能防止树枝现象及局部泄电,使海底电缆更有效地发挥功能;“油压”管电缆-只适用于数公里长的电缆系统,因为要把极长的电缆拉进管道内,受到很大的机械性限制;充气式(压力辅助)电缆-使用浸渍纸包的充气式电缆比充油式电缆更适合于较长的海底电缆网，但由于须在深水下使用高气压操作,故此增加了设计电缆及其配件的困难,一般限于水深为300m以内。制造过程 海底电力电缆的整个制造过程同一般电力电缆基本相同,但在电缆机械强度和防腐要求上有所特殊,并要求电缆长度尽量延长。下面简述浸渍纸电缆和挤压式绝缘电缆的制造过程。浸渍纸电缆首先用绝缘纸绕包线芯,而后真空干燥、浸油,完成导体线芯后,再包铅套,此时须经连续挤压的过程。挤压极长的电缆芯,属于极为重要的步骤,须夜以继日进行。充油式电缆的导线芯从储缸到压铅机之间,经过一条虹吸输送管,管内注有除气油,以反方向流向导线芯,以便隔绝线芯与空气的接触。导线芯包上铅套后,需在旋转式平台上进行盘线(倘若电缆属于充油式或充气式,则可以另行添加适量的金属补强料),再予电缆包上聚乙烯护套(挤压聚乙烯护套也属于连续性的作业),最后裹以二层镀锌钢线的铠装,外复油麻浸渍物。在最后生产的过程中,须在适当阶段透过聚乙烯护套把铅套和金属带接地。交联聚乙烯电缆和乙丙橡胶绝缘海底电缆的大部分生产过程,除了挤压及合成橡胶绝缘层的硫化过程外,大体上和纸绝缘铅套电缆的制造过程相近,但不使用铅护套。结构发展 1988年，在美国与英国、法国之间敷设了越洋的海底光缆(TAT-8)系统，全长6700公里。 这条光缆含有3对光纤，每对的传输速率为280Mb／s，中继站距离为67公里。这是第一条跨越大西洋的通信海底光缆，标志着海底光缆时代的到来。1989年，跨越太平洋的海底光缆(全长13200公里)也建设成功，从此，海底光缆就在跨越海洋的洲际海缆领域取代了同轴电缆，远洋洲际间不再敷设海底电缆。 光纤的传输容量大，中继站间的距离长，适用于海底长距离的通信。用于海底光缆的光纤比陆地光缆所用的光纤有更高的要求；要求低损耗、高强度、制造长度长，光缆的中继距离长，一般都在50公里以上，在光纤的传输性能方面要求在25年以内不会变化。在海底光缆的结构方面：要求能经受强大的压力和拉力，特别是深海光缆(敷设在水深1000米以上海底的光缆)，在敷设和维修作业中除了光缆本身的重量外，还要加上海浪加到光缆上的动态应力，在如此大的负荷条件下，光缆的应变要限制在0.7～0.8%之内；海底光缆的结构要求坚固、材料轻，但不能用轻金属铝，因为铝和海水会发生电化学及应而产生氢气，氢分子会扩散到光纤的玻璃材料中，使光纤的损耗变大。因此海底光缆既要防止内部产生氢气，同时还要防止氢气从外部渗入光缆。为此，在90年代初期，研制开发出一种涂碳或涂钛层的光纤，能阻止氢的渗透和防止化学腐蚀。光纤接头也要求是高强度的，要求接续保持原有光纤的强度和原有光纤的表面不受损伤。 按照上述要求和特点，海底光缆的基本结构是将经过一次或两次涂层处理后的光纤螺旋地绕包在中心，加强构件(用钢丝制成)的周围。几种典型的深海光缆的结构：深海光缆，光纤设在螺旋形的U形槽塑料骨架中，槽内填满油膏或弹性塑料体形成纤芯。纤芯周围用高强度的钢丝绕包，在绕包过程中要把所有缝隙都用防水材料填满，再在钢丝周围绕包一层铜带并焊接搭缝，使钢丝和铜管形成一个抗压和抗拉的联合体，这个铜管还是传送远供电流的导体。在钢丝和铜管的外面还要再加一层聚乙烯护套。这样严密多层的结构是为了保护光纤、防止断裂以及防止海水的侵入，同时也是为了在敷设和回收修理时可以承受巨大的张力和压力。 即使是如此严密的防护，在80年代末还是发现过深海光缆的聚乙烯绝缘体被鲨鱼咬坏造成供电故障的实例。海缆系统的远程供电十分重要，海底电缆沿线的中继器，要靠登陆局远程供电工作。海底光缆用的数字中继器功能多，比海底电缆的模拟中继器的用电量要大好几倍，供电要求有很高的可靠性，不能中断。因此在有鲨鱼出没的地区，在海底光缆的外面还要加上钢带绕包两层和再加一层聚乙烯外护套。 进入90年代，海底光缆已经和卫星通信成为当代洲际通信的主要手段。我国自1989年开始到1998年底已经先后参与了18条国际海底光缆的建设与投资。其中第一个在中国登陆的国际海底光缆系统是1993年12月建成的中国——日本(C-J)海底光缆系统。1996年2月中韩海底光缆建成开通，分别在中国青岛和韩国泰安登陆、全长549公里；1997年11月，中国参与建设的球海底光缆系统(FLAG)建成并投入运营，这是第一条在我国登陆的洲际光缆系统，分别在英国、埃及、印度、泰国、日本等12个国家和地区登陆，全长27000多公里，其中中国段为622公里；由中国电信和新加坡等地的电信公司共同发起的亚欧海底光缆系统，延伸段正在建设，该系统连接亚洲、欧洲和大洋洲，在33个国家和地区登陆，全长达38000公里，是世界上最长的海底光缆，采用先进的8波长波分复用技术，主干路由的设计容量高达40Gb／s，在中国上海、汕头两地登陆，1999年底建成开通。 海底光缆承担的洲际通信业务量逐年上升，已经超过了卫星通信的业务量，成为现代洲际通信的主力。性能指标和检验方法 主要是电性能指标和机械物理性能指标。这些指标和检验方法与地下海底电缆结构电力电缆相同。 电性能指标:导体的直流电阻和交流阻抗;绝缘层的绝缘电阻;介质损耗;载流量;电缆的电容、电感;金属护层的感应电压和电流。 机械物理性能指标:电缆的机械强度;导体抗拉强度、伸长率;绝缘层材料的机械物理性能等。 检验方法:我国主要采用国际电工委员会推荐标准,有IEC60502、IEC540和IEC60141-1～IEC60141-4等,世界各国生产电缆的厂家大都有自己的标准,主要有日本JIS,英国BS,加拿大CSA等。 由于海底电缆希望制造的较长些,以减少接头,所以能在沿海生产为最好。其包装应不同于其它电缆。一般是将电缆盘绕于一个储缆盘或回转台上,以备装运到敷缆船,由敷缆船将电缆运到敷设地区。敷缆船是专门为敷设电缆而设计和建造的,船上也必须备有龙门吊、绞缆轴、充油系统等设施,但也可用其它有专门为敷设电缆而附加机械设备的船只。

一看就是梅老师班里的

cross-cultural communication n. 跨文化交际;[例句]Further the author proposes the view point of uniformization in translation from the perspectives of appreciation and cross-cultural communication.结论：从欣赏和跨文化交际的角度出发提出了词牌翻译统一化的观点。

missing

cross-cultural communication n. 跨文化交际; [例句]With diversified expression and information flow, we can mend the broken bridge of cross-cultural communication and build an information link to the future.有了多元化的表达和信息流动，我们就可以修补破损的跨文化交流桥梁，修建一条通向未来的信息之路。

cross-culturalcommunication期刊是一种跨文化交流期刊。主要致力于为跨文化研究事业的学者提供一个平台。并基于跨文化这一批判视角之上探讨出一些措施解决相关的全球性问题。

唔，举个例子，区别主体对象来理解吧。cross-cultural communication=混血的孩子inter-cultural communication=两个来自不同国家的人

合成通讯

这个提问有问题。communication是article的一个类别。同一个括号内，是同一概念的不同英文表述。某一SCI期刊中的论文（article/paper），分为很多类别:（Regular paper/Regular article/Full paper/Full article）（Express paper/ Express article/Express letter/Letter/Report/Communicate）（Review paper/Review article/Review）

在期刊杂志中，Letter、Communications和Articles是三种不同的文章类型。1. Letter：被称为“快报”，注重时效性，通常是一些新发现的初步结果或一种新机制。这种文章可能有待进一步阐述，新机制也可能正处于研究过程之中。3. Article：通常是指研究者对于研究成果进行全局性的详细阐述。总之，这三种文章类型在不同的方面有所不同，可以根据需要选择适当的文章类型。

1、找到你论文的网页：可以看出，这篇文章有年卷页的。2、右边红色框有个期刊卷和时间 Volume 100, Issue 12，点进去，就到了这卷的页面了。3、往下拉，分两个封面，前封面（cover image）和后封面（back image），看你需要哪个。如果你需要前封面，点击前封面（cover image）下的 PDF：可以看到这就是这个卷的封面，点击右上角的下载选项，就可以保存了。目前国内很多的基金或者人才项目，或者参与某些奖励计划，都需要填写自己的主要著作和科研成果（中文或者英文）的论文，其中大多数大的项目会需要你文章发表的杂志封面和目录，查找方法如下：中文期刊：中国知网找到对应的期刊，对应的年份，期刊号，之后不论是截图还是虚拟打印机打印成pdf都可以。中文期刊大多数情况下找到目录和封面都没问题。英文期刊：大家最常用的方式就是上官网去查找，这也是最简单便捷的一种，但是有些官网上找不到对应年份的期刊，推荐使用下面的方法。首先你需要确定，你这个期刊是否有订装成册的版本，如果没有，那么就不会有单独封面和目录，比如说我们常见的Nature的子刊，Nature communications就是网络发布，没有封面和目录，很多人找了半天也找不到。这里推荐一种方式查找该期刊是否订装成册：直接拨打中科院文献情报中心电话010-8262 6611 转分机号6315，可以请工作人员替你查看，简单便捷。如果有对应的纸质版，可以付费让工作人员替你扫描，价格很便宜，可以开发票，之后会发到你的邮箱。你也可以直接发邮件申请，邮箱是：servi@mail.las.ac.cn

如果之前都登过，那么换个通讯参数登一下

通信协议

conversation是对话的意思，communication是交流的意思。两者比较来看，一个具体些，一个抽象些；其次，交流比对话层次更高一些。

传播学（英语：Communication studies）新闻学： journalism 至于纽约大学的那个，貌似是和心理学相关，你可以去看看网上它的主要课程，我感觉不是传播学。

Communication专业（即C系专业）指的媒体传播学专业，内容包括新闻学、沟通学、语言学等等。涵盖的职能包括：市场咨询，活动与广告策划，平面设计与制作，公关宣传，企业形象包装，品牌推广，营销等。 Journalism专业（即J系专业）指的是新闻相关的专业，这个专业培养具备系统的新闻理论知识与技能、宽广的文化与科学知识，能在新闻、出版、媒体与宣传部门从事编辑、记者与管理等工作的新闻学专门人才。 两种课程有以下的区别： （1）课程涵盖的范围 Communication专业是宽泛的媒体传播学，包括的内容更加广，而Journalism专业可以理解为Communication专业的一个细化分类，相比较Communication专业，它的课程涵盖的范围略低一点 （2）培养人才方向 Communication专业培养出来的是不定向发展的学生，这个专业出来的学生择业范围更加的广泛，从新闻领域到活动策划乃至品牌推广都可以进行选择；而Journalism专业培养出来的学生主要是从事新闻（出版）领域方面的工作。 （3）研究方向 Communication和社会心理学更近，非常强调定量研究，各种实验法，各种结构方程模型。而Journalism专业更注重批判理论，属于人文学科的范畴。

Barna, L.M.”绊脚石在文化间的通信

两者都是SCI期刊中的原创报告性论文。一般而言，full paper长度大于等于communication/letter。但是，有些2/3区SCI期刊的communication/letter已经达到5000字的规模，自谦为"communication/letter"，其实比很多其他期刊的full paper还要长。某些研究成果没有选择full paper，而投communication/letter，主要可能是2个原因：a. 研究课题属于前沿，变动快，竞争强，为了抢占前沿课题的发表先机时。b. 某一研究课题，目前的成果较少，不足以构成full paper，但也有充分的学术价值时。a情况就是领域内的大牛。b情况也很常见。总而言之，一篇SCI的重要性，并不是靠长短，而是被引用次数，和所在的JCR分区。举一个例子吧，地球物理学领域，有很多重要的communication/letter。比如美国的《Geophysical Research Letters》，名字就是“letter”，是该领域顶级的1区SCI期刊，全部收录看似“短小”的communication/letter，但实际上每一篇都是5000字级别的重要paper。

Comm. ，注意有个点~

contact：联系；联络。常与电话、邮件搭配、强调动作。communicate：交流，通信，信息（连接）。常与语言、电信搭配，强调方式。而且contact"联系某人"用介词to，communicate用介词with搭配。by + 某种物品/媒介 表示通过。。。（某种方式） 如 by e-mail,by bike,by train 综上所述，答案为B

可数pronunciation 英[pru0259u02ccnu028cnsiu02c8eu026au0283n] 美[pru0259u02ccnu028cnsiu02c8eu0283u0259n] n. 发音; 读法; 发音方法; 发音方式; [例句]She gave the word its French pronunciation她读出了该词的法语发音。[其他] 复数：pronunciations

更正在括号处注明！greatchangeshave(去掉been)takenplaceinthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachotherfromalongdistance.inthepast,people(wrote)letterstoexchange(information)witheachother.lateron,theycouldtalkwitheachotheronthe(fixed)telephone.nowmoreandmorepeopleuse(their)ownmobilephonestocommunicateandinstead(加入of)writingonpaper,theye-maileachotherthroughtheinternet.(with)thehelpofthe3gtechnology,someeventalk(加入face)toface.asaresult,peoplefind(it)quickerandeasiertocommunicate,(but)atthesametimesomepeoplefeelthattheybecomepoorerinwriting.andtherelationshipbetweeneachotherisnotso(close)asbefore.

That"s a long speech!

小题1:C小题2:C小题3:A小题4:D 略

出现异常”The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago.“的大部分原因是由于数据库回收了连接，而系统的缓冲池不知道，继续使用被回收的连接所致的。第一种解决办法，就是将mysql回收空闲连接的时间变长，mysql默认回收时间是8小时，可以在mysql目录下的my.ini中增加下面配置，将时间改为1天。单位是秒，最大好像是24天：[mysqld]wait_timeout=86400第二种解决办法，可以通过配置，让缓冲池去测试连接是否被回收，如果被回收，则不继续使用，以dbcp为例：#SQL查询,用来验证从连接池取出的连接dbcp.validationQuery=SELECT 1#指明连接是否被空闲连接回收器(如果有)进行检验，如果检测失败，则连接将被从池中去除dbcp.testWhileIdle=true#在空闲连接回收器线程运行期间休眠的时间值,以毫秒为单位，一般比minEvictableIdleTimeMillis小dbcp.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=300000#在每次空闲连接回收器线程(如果有)运行时检查的连接数量，最好和maxActive一致dbcp.numTestsPerEvictionRun=50#连接池中连接，在时间段内一直空闲，被逐出连接池的时间(1000*60*60)，以毫秒为单位dbcp.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=3600000--------------------- 作者：云枫 来源：CSDN 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/shiqidide/article/details/7642531 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！

IET Communications Journals全部释义和例句>> IET通信期刊IET Communications journal平均审稿周期6个月

implicitKK: []DJ: []a.1. 不言明的;含蓄的Her silence gave implicit consent.她的沉默表示默许。2. 内含的;固有的[(+in)]It is implicit in our agreement that she will be a partner.我们的协议中含有她将成为合伙人这一意思。3. 无疑问的;无保留的;绝对的[B]The crew had implicit faith in the captain"s judgment.全体船员都绝对相信船长的判断。4. 【废】缠绕的