typhoid

伤寒是由伤寒杆菌引起的急性肠道传染病。病变主要特点是全身单核吞噬细胞系统的巨噬细胞反应性增生。临床主要表现为持续高热、精神低落、相对缓脉、肝脾肿大、血象不高、和玫瑰疹等。 　　一、病因及发病机制 　　病原体是伤寒杆菌，属沙门菌属，G－，短杆状，有鞭毛，菌体裂解释放内毒素 ，在含胆汁的培养液中生长较好。传染源为病人、带菌者。传播途径：通过污染水、食物，生活接触。经口感染。污染水、食物进入消化道后，侵入粘膜（肠壁淋巴组织），进入淋巴管、淋巴结并入血，形成菌血症，单核吞噬细胞中繁殖。0天后再次入血引起败血症及毒血症。胆囊内细菌入小肠引起过敏反应，导致坏死溃疡形成。主要病变位置在回肠下段（集合淋巴结及孤立淋巴结）。 　　二、病理变化 　　1. 肠道病变 　　①髓样肿胀期：肉眼观回肠下段淋巴组织肿胀，凸出，灰红，质软，似脑回状，表面充血水肿。镜下见淋巴组织增生，伤寒结节形成。髓样肿胀期 伤寒小结 　　②坏死期：肿胀基础上灶状坏死，失去光泽，灰白或黄绿色（坏死组织易被胆汁染成暗绿色），与强烈过敏反应有关。坏死期 　　③溃疡期：坏死组织崩解脱落，形成溃疡。溃疡长径与肠长轴平行，深及粘膜下层，边缘稍隆起，底部高低不平→2－3W危险期，出血、穿孔。 　　④愈合期：肉芽组织新生，填充溃疡，上皮覆盖。 　　2．单核吞噬细胞系统病变及其他病变 　　①肠系膜淋巴结：肿大，充满吞噬活跃的巨噬细胞。 　　②脾：中度肿大，巨噬细胞弥漫增生，伤寒肉芽肿及灶状坏死。 　　③肝：肿大，质软，肝细胞浊肿，肝窦扩张，单核细胞、淋巴细胞浸润，散在伤寒肉芽肿。 　　④骨髓：巨噬细胞增生，伤寒肉芽肿和灶性坏死，培养细菌阳性。 　　⑤胆囊：胆汁中繁殖，可有轻度炎症。 　　⑥心肌：混浊肿胀，中毒性心肌炎引起重脉，缓脉。 　　⑦肾：混浊肿胀，免疫复合物沉积。 　　⑧皮肤：淡红色小斑丘疹，可查出细菌。 　　⑨肌肉：凝固坏死，肌痛，知觉过敏。 　　并发症和结局 　　常见并发症有： 　　肠出血 　　肠穿孔 　　支气管肺炎 　　中毒性心肌炎 　　中毒性肝炎 　　伤寒多数患者无并发症时，4-5周可愈，适当治疗可缩短病程。少数病人死于败血症，肠穿孔，肠出血等并发症。

I had a bad reaction after my typhoid injection . 我注射伤寒针剂后产生了不良反应。 She took down with typhoid . 她患伤寒病倒了。 My mother came down with typhoid fever and spent the entire trip"s infirmary . 我的母亲染上了伤寒，整旅程中都躺在船上的医疗室。 Typhoid and paratyphoid fever epidemic in guangxi 副伤寒流行特征及防治对策分析 I had a bad reaction after my typhoid injection 我注射伤寒针剂产生了不良反应。 Cpnical *** ysis of 34 cases of infants with typhoid fever 婴幼儿伤寒34例临床分析 Diagnostic techniques for fowl typhoid and pullorum disease 鸡伤寒和鸡白痢诊断技术 Epidemic *** ysis of typhoid fever in a region from 1995 to 2004年伤寒流行病学分析 They " re in thewoods . typhoid , stone , tattoo 他们在树林里毒王，石块，纹身 E - resources - typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever 网上资源-伤寒与副伤寒 He " s a plague ! he " s *** allpox ! he " s typhoid 他是瘟疫！是天花！是伤寒！ In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 Report about surveillance result on typhoid fever in wuxian during 2000年伤寒监测结果报告 In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 9 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有9宗。 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 Epidemic situation of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in pnyi city 2005年伤寒副伤寒疫情分析 Update on family cluster of typhoid fever 元朗家庭多一名成员感染伤寒 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In july , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In july , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 In june , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In july , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In may , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 11 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有11宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 1 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有1宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 2 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有2宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In april , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 1 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有1宗。 In march , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In july , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 14 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有14宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 Two more typhoid fever cases reported 生防护中心再接获感染伤寒报告 In july , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 13 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有13宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In august , the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 1 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有1宗。

My mother came down with typhoid fever and spent the entire trip"s infirmary . 我的母亲染上了伤寒，整旅程中都躺在船上的医疗室。 Cpnical *** ysis of 34 cases of infants with typhoid fever 婴幼儿伤寒34例临床分析 Epidemic *** ysis of typhoid fever in a region from 1995 to 2004年伤寒流行病学分析 E-resources- typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever 网上资源-伤寒与副伤寒 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 Report about surveillance result on typhoid fever in wuxian during 2000年伤寒监测结果报告 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 It"s difficult to see typhoid fevers in a sentence. 用 typhoid fevers 造句挺难的 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 9 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有9宗。 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 Update on family cluster of typhoid fever 元朗家庭多一名成员感染伤寒 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In july, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In july, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 In june, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 六月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In july, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In may, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 11 五月份，伤寒的呈报个案有11宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 1 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有1宗。 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 2 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有2宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 6 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有6宗。 In april, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 四月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 It"s difficult to see typhoid fevers in a sentence. 用 typhoid fevers 造句挺难的 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 1 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有1宗。 In march, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 8 三月份，伤寒的呈报个案有8宗。 In august, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 7 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有7宗。 In august, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 5 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有5宗。 In august, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 4 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有4宗。 In july, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 14 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有14宗。 In august, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 3 八月份，伤寒的呈报个案有3宗。 Two more typhoid fever cases reported 生防护中心再接获感染伤寒报告 In july, the number of notifications of typhoid fever was 13 七月份，伤寒的呈报个案有13宗。

　　typhoid fever　　英 [u02c8tau026au02ccfu0254u026ad u02c8fi:vu0259] 美 [u02c8tau026au02ccfu0254u026ad u02c8fivu025a]　　n.伤寒症;　　[网络]伤寒; 伤寒热; 伤寒;　　[例句]Have you been vaccinated against typhoid fever?　　你接种过伤寒疫苗了吗?